能效計(jì)劃的評(píng)估、計(jì)量以及驗(yàn)證

能效計(jì)劃的評(píng)估、計(jì)量以及驗(yàn)證EM&VTopics

內(nèi)容IntroductionEvaluationofEnergyEfficiencyProgramsMeasurementandVerificationofEnergyEfficiencyProjects

Procedures,PrincipalsandMethods

EvaluationManagementandPlanning

1介紹能效計(jì)劃的評(píng)估能效項(xiàng)目的測(cè)量和驗(yàn)證

步驟，要點(diǎn)和方法評(píng)估管理和規(guī)劃1.IntroductionWhyisevaluationimportant?EvaluationaspartoftheProgramCycleProgramsversusprojectsInstitutionsRequiredtoPerformEvaluation21.介紹為什么評(píng)估是重要的?評(píng)估作為計(jì)劃周期的一部分

計(jì)劃與項(xiàng)目的比較

進(jìn)行評(píng)估所需機(jī)構(gòu)

WhyEvaluateEfficiencyPrograms

為什么評(píng)估能效系統(tǒng)“Thingsthataremeasuredtendtoimprove”

“事情總是通過(guò)測(cè)量來(lái)改善”EconomistJohnKennethGalbraith經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家約翰.肯尼斯.高伯瑞

9/11/07EVOEvaluation-Nanjing3Howdoweincreaseperformance?

我們?nèi)绾翁岣咝阅?/27/09

Evaluation4Athletes運(yùn)動(dòng)員Setgoals設(shè)定目標(biāo)Developtrainingplans設(shè)計(jì)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃Trackprogress跟蹤過(guò)程Compete!比賽Exle–CyclingTrainingProgram

舉例-自行車培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃2/27/09

Evaluation5Power能力Heartrate心率6EnergyInvestmentDecisions

能源投資決策

InvestmentinSupplySide

供電側(cè)投資

Demand-Side需求側(cè)Investment投資

Supply-Side供電側(cè)Generation發(fā)電Transmission輸電Distribution配電Efficiency效率DemandResponse需求響應(yīng)WhatInformationisneededtosupportSupply-Side

供電側(cè)需要什么信息？Investmentdecisions?投資決策？Implementation?執(zhí)行？Settlement?結(jié)算？7EfficiencyInvestmentDecisions

能效投資決策

InformationNeeds信息需求

Demand-Side需求側(cè)Investment投資

Supply-Side供電側(cè)Generation發(fā)電Transmission輸電Distribution配電Efficiency效率DemandResponse需求響應(yīng)WhatInformationisneededtosupportDemand-Side需求側(cè)需要什么信息？ Investmentdecisions?投資決策？ Implementation?執(zhí)行？ Settlement?結(jié)算？Lighting照明Boilers鍋爐PlantImprovements工廠改進(jìn)Controls控制HighEfficiencyMotors高效電機(jī)8EXAMPLE:California

2009-2011EnergyEfficiencyPrograms

舉例：加利福尼亞2009-2011能效計(jì)劃Demand-Side需求側(cè)UtilityInvestment公用事業(yè)投資$4BillionUS40億美元

Supply-Side供電側(cè)Generation發(fā)電Transmission輸電Distribution配電Efficiency效率DemandResponse需求響應(yīng)Lighting照明Boilers鍋爐PlantImprovements

工廠改進(jìn)Controls控制HighEfficiencyMotors

高效電機(jī)

EM&VProtocolsBasedon:EM&V協(xié)議基于：IPMVP9EXAMPLE:California

2006-2008EnergyEfficiencyPortfolio

舉例：加利福尼亞2006-2008能效投資計(jì)劃Demand-Side需求側(cè)EvaluationBestPractice評(píng)估最佳實(shí)踐

Supply-SideGeneration發(fā)電Transmission輸電Distribution配電Efficiency效率DemandResponse需求響應(yīng)

AppliesStandardProtocols采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)議

EM&VBudget=~$100Million

EM&V預(yù)算：1億美元ThousandsofProjectsMeasured檢測(cè)了數(shù)千項(xiàng)目EvaluationObjectivesPrimaryobjectivesDocumentandmeasuretheeffectsofaprogramanddeterminehowwellanefficiencyprogrammetitsgoalsHelpunderstandwhythoseeffectsoccurredandidentifywaystoimprovecurrentandfutureprogramsOtherobjectives:Determiningthecost-effectivenessofaprogramDocumentingcompliancewithregulatoryrequirements9/11/0710評(píng)估目標(biāo)

主要目標(biāo)

記錄和測(cè)量一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的影響，并確定一個(gè)能效計(jì)劃是如何達(dá)到其目標(biāo)幫助理解為什么發(fā)生這些影響，并確定如何改進(jìn)當(dāng)前和今后的項(xiàng)目其他目標(biāo):確定項(xiàng)目的績(jī)效記錄證明符監(jiān)管要求

EvaluationisPartoftheProgramCycle

評(píng)估是項(xiàng)目周期的一部分Evaluationresultsareusedtomakeinformeddecisionsonprogramimprovementsandfutureprogramdesignsandofferings

Theprogramimplementationcycleisoneinwhichprogramsaredesigned,thenimplemented,andthenevaluatedUsingresultsofevaluations,programsarere-examinedfordesignchangesandthenmodifiedThiscycleprovidesforacontinuingprocessofprogramimprovement

9/11/0711

評(píng)估結(jié)果用于對(duì)計(jì)項(xiàng)目改進(jìn)，未來(lái)項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)和方案作出有見(jiàn)地的決定

項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行周期是包括項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)，然后執(zhí)行，再做評(píng)估的一個(gè)過(guò)程

使用評(píng)估結(jié)果，可以對(duì)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行核查以便開(kāi)展設(shè)計(jì)變更和修改

這個(gè)周期給項(xiàng)目的改進(jìn)提供了一個(gè)連續(xù)的過(guò)程

ProgramEvaluationCycle

項(xiàng)目評(píng)估周期12Step1:ProgramGoalSetting步驟1：設(shè)定項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)Settingevaluationgoalsandreportingexpectations

設(shè)定評(píng)估目標(biāo)和報(bào)告期望值Step2:ProgramDesign步驟2：項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)Preliminaryevaluationplanandbudget

初步評(píng)估計(jì)劃和預(yù)算Step3:PreparingforProgramLaunch步驟3：準(zhǔn)備項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)Preparedetailedevaluationplan–collectbaselinedataasneeded準(zhǔn)備詳細(xì)評(píng)估計(jì)劃-收集所需基準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)Step4:ProgramImplementation步驟4：項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行Evaluationdatacollection,analysesandreporting(perhapscontinuingonafterprogramiscompleted)評(píng)估數(shù)據(jù)采集，分析和報(bào)告（也許在系統(tǒng)完成之后持續(xù)進(jìn)行）Feedbackforfutureprograms反饋給未來(lái)項(xiàng)目

Feedbackforcurrentprogram

反饋給當(dāng)前項(xiàng)目EvaluationBestPractice

評(píng)估最佳實(shí)踐Amplebudget5-8%ofprogrambudget

AppropriateGovernance

ProtocolsandCommunityofExpertise

Institutions

Features

Completeandtransparent

Balancesrisk,reliabilityandcostsConsistenttoallowcomparisonacrossprogramsandtechnologies9/11/0713

充足的預(yù)算為項(xiàng)目預(yù)算的5-8%

適當(dāng)?shù)谋O(jiān)管

議定書(shū)和專家(團(tuán)隊(duì)）意見(jiàn)

機(jī)構(gòu)

特點(diǎn)

完整和透明

均衡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，可靠性和成本前后一致以保障對(duì)各項(xiàng)目和技術(shù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比

EvaluationInstitutions

評(píng)估機(jī)構(gòu)DSMInstitutionalFrameworkDSM

Section2ofManual2.2.3.8

2.4MeasurementandVerification

Responsibility

Contractors

SkilledProfessionals

ProfessionalSocieties

Certification

2/27/09

Evaluation14

制度框架見(jiàn)手冊(cè)第2章節(jié)2.2.3.82.4計(jì)量和驗(yàn)證

職責(zé)

承包人

專業(yè)人士

專業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)

認(rèn)證EM&VFramework

EM&V框架Institutions–National,Provincial,Cities,Utilities,ConsultingCompaniesProfessionalDevelopmentTraining

Certification

Documents/Protocols

Tools–Metering–Data

2/27/09

Evaluation15

機(jī)構(gòu)-國(guó)家，省，市，公用事業(yè)部門(mén)，咨詢公司

專業(yè)發(fā)展

培訓(xùn)

認(rèn)證

文件/議定書(shū)

工具-計(jì)量-數(shù)據(jù)ProgramsversusProjects

項(xiàng)目與工程?Aportfolioisacollectionofprograms

?Aprogramisacollectionofmultiple,similarprojects?Aprojectisasingleenergyefficiencyactivity?Evaluation=>programs

Assesstheperformanceandqualityofaprogram

?MeasurementandVerification(M&V)=>projectsdatacollection,monitoringandanalysisproject16?

一個(gè)項(xiàng)目組合是多個(gè)項(xiàng)目的集合?

一個(gè)項(xiàng)目是多個(gè)相類似工程的組合?一個(gè)工程是指一個(gè)能效活動(dòng)?評(píng)估=>項(xiàng)目

評(píng)估一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的業(yè)績(jī)和質(zhì)量?計(jì)量和驗(yàn)證(M&V)=>工程

對(duì)各個(gè)節(jié)能工程進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集，對(duì)節(jié)能效果進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)和分析2.EvaluationofEnergyEfficiencyPrograms

能效項(xiàng)目的評(píng)估ProgramEvaluationTypesImpact-“Total”and“Net”CalculationsProcessEvaluationMarketEffectsGettingCreditforReducedEmissions(GHG)9/11/07EVOEvaluation-Nanjing17項(xiàng)目評(píng)估類型影響—“總量”和“凈量”計(jì)算過(guò)程評(píng)估市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)獲得減排（GHG）交易配額TypesofEvaluations

評(píng)估類型Impactevaluationsdetermine:Energy(kWh)andDemand(kW)savingsandavoidedemissionsOtherbenefits(suchashealthbenefits,jobcreation,andwatersavings)thatdirectlyresultfromaprogram

Canalsoincludecost-effectivenessanalysesProcessevaluationsassesshowwellaprogramwas,oris,beingimplementedMarketeffectsevaluationsestimateaprogram’sinfluenceonencouragingfutureenergyefficiencyprojectsbecauseofchangesintheenergymarketplace9/11/0718影響評(píng)估確定:能源(kWh)和需求(kW)的節(jié)約量和避免的排放量從一個(gè)項(xiàng)目直接獲得的其他效益（比如健康效益，增加就業(yè)和節(jié)約用水）還可包括成本效益分析過(guò)程評(píng)估是評(píng)估一個(gè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)完成的情況或目前正在執(zhí)行的進(jìn)展情況市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)評(píng)估估計(jì)由于能源市場(chǎng)的變化，項(xiàng)目對(duì)推動(dòng)未來(lái)能效項(xiàng)目的影響程度ImpactEvaluations:TotalandNet

影響評(píng)估：總量和凈值TotalEnergyImpact-ThechangeinenergyconsumptionthatresultsdirectlyfromactionsofparticipantsintheDSMprogram.NetEnergyImpact-ThetotalchangeinenergyusethatoccurredbecauseoftheDSMprogramTotalEnergyandNetEnergyimpactsarenotusuallythesameNetSavings/TotalSavings=NettoTotalRatio(NTR)19總能源影響—是指DSM項(xiàng)目參與者的行動(dòng)直接產(chǎn)生的能源消費(fèi)的變化凈能源影響—由于實(shí)施DSM項(xiàng)目，能源使用方面發(fā)生的全部變化總能源和凈能源影響通常不是相同的凈節(jié)能/總節(jié)能=凈值與總量的比率(NTR)

NetImpactsMethods

凈值影響方法Self-reportingsurveysInformationisreportedbyparticipantsandnon-participants,withoutindependentverificationorreview.Enhancedself-reportingsurveysSelf-reportingsurveys,interviewsandindependentdocumentationreviewandanalysis.EconometricmethodsStatisticalmodelscompareparticipantandnon-participantsenergy/demandpatternswithadjustmentsusingeconometricanalysesandsurveyinput.StipulatednettototalratioBasedonhistoricinformation9/11/0720

自我報(bào)告調(diào)查由參與者和非參與者報(bào)告調(diào)查信息，無(wú)獨(dú)立驗(yàn)證或?qū)彶樵鰪?qiáng)的自我報(bào)告調(diào)查自我報(bào)告調(diào)查，面談和獨(dú)立文件審查和分析計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法統(tǒng)計(jì)模型使用計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析的調(diào)整值和調(diào)查輸入，比較參與者和非參與者能源/需求模式約定的凈值與總量比率基于歷史資料ProcessEvaluations

過(guò)程評(píng)估Recommendationscanconsistofsuggestionsforchanging:Program’sstructureHowtheprogramisimplementedProgramdesignProgramdeliveryProgramgoalsShouldtestfortheuseofbestpracticesandconsiderconsumersatisfactionShouldassisttimelyfeedbacktomakeprogramchangesasneededortoreviewearlyfindings.

9/11/0721建議由改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)組成：項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)如何實(shí)施項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)出項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)應(yīng)當(dāng)試驗(yàn)最佳實(shí)踐的應(yīng)用并考慮消費(fèi)方的滿意度應(yīng)當(dāng)協(xié)助及時(shí)的反饋，對(duì)項(xiàng)目做必要的修改或?qū)υ缙诎l(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行審核TheprogramisneworhasmanychangesEnergysavingsarelessthanexpectedThereislowparticipationbyconsumersandotherparticipantsinprogramsProgramhasaslowstart-upParticipantsarereportingproblemsProgramappearstonotbeverycost-effective

9/11/0722項(xiàng)目是新的或已經(jīng)有很多修改時(shí)節(jié)能效果低于預(yù)期時(shí)消費(fèi)者和其他參與者較少參與項(xiàng)目時(shí)項(xiàng)目起動(dòng)較慢時(shí)參與者報(bào)告存在問(wèn)題時(shí)項(xiàng)目的成本效益不高時(shí)ProcessEvaluationsareValuablewhen:過(guò)程評(píng)估有意義的，當(dāng)：ProcessEvaluationMethods

過(guò)程評(píng)估方法Aswithimpactevaluations,processevaluationrequiresaplanItisbestiftheprocessevaluationisdonebyagroupindependentoftheprogramimplementationProcessevaluationisdonewithdatacollectionfrom:Surveys:IndividualinterviewsGroupinterviewsWrittensurveysObservation,measurementandanalyses

9/11/0723正如影響評(píng)估，過(guò)程評(píng)估需要一個(gè)計(jì)劃過(guò)程評(píng)估最好由一個(gè)獨(dú)立于項(xiàng)目實(shí)施方的機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)進(jìn)行

過(guò)程評(píng)估所需數(shù)據(jù)采集來(lái)自：調(diào)查個(gè)別訪談

集體采訪

書(shū)面調(diào)查觀察，計(jì)量和分析9/11/0724MarketEffectsEvaluation

市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)評(píng)估MarketEffectsStudyevaluatesincreasesintheadoptionofenergyefficientproducts,servicesinthemarket.Marketeffectsevaluationsdeterminewhetherthemarketischanging.Exle:Whattypesofhighefficiencyproductsaregenerallyavailable,suchasCFLs?Marketeffectsevaluationsusuallyconsistofsurveys,reviewsofmarketsalesdata,andanalysisofthesurveyresultsandcollecteddata.市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)研究評(píng)估市場(chǎng)中的采用能效產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)是否增加市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)評(píng)估確定是否市場(chǎng)正在發(fā)生變化。例如：市場(chǎng)上一般有哪些高能效產(chǎn)品，如緊湊型熒光燈（CFLs）？市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)評(píng)估通常包括市場(chǎng)調(diào)查，審查市場(chǎng)銷售數(shù)據(jù)，分析調(diào)查結(jié)果和分析采集的數(shù)據(jù)。EvaluationscanbeusestoCalculateAvoided(GHG)Emissions

評(píng)估可用于計(jì)算避免的溫室氣體(GHG)排放量避免的排放=（凈避免的耗能量）x（排放因數(shù)）需要解決的問(wèn)題有：額外性邊界問(wèn)題需要開(kāi)發(fā)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制（CDM）方法25AvoidedEmissions=(NetAvoidedEnergyUse)x(EmissionFactor)Issuesthatmustbeaddressed:AdditionalityBoundaryIssuesCleanDevelopmentMechanism(CDM)methodsrequired

GreenhouseGasReporting

溫室氣體報(bào)告263.MeasurementandVerificationofEnergyEfficiencyProjects

能效工程的計(jì)量和驗(yàn)證MeasurementandVerificationDocumentsTheIPMVP-InternationalPerformanceMeasurement&VerificationProtocolIPMVPOptions(A,B,C,D)9/11/0727計(jì)量和驗(yàn)證文件

IPMVP-國(guó)際性能測(cè)試和驗(yàn)證協(xié)議IPMVP選項(xiàng)（A，B，C，D）MeasurementandVerification(M&V)

計(jì)量和驗(yàn)證(M&V)M&Visanevolvingformofresearch,althoughcommonpracticesexistThesepracticesaredocumentedinseveralguidelines,including:TheInternationalPerformanceMeasurement&VerificationProtocol-IPMVP(2007)

U.S.FEMPM&VGuidelines:MeasurementandVerificationforFederalEnergyProjectsVersion3.0(2008)ASHRAEGuideline14:MeasurementofEnergyandDemandSavings(2002)

9/11/0728計(jì)量和驗(yàn)證是一個(gè)不斷進(jìn)化的研究形式，盡管存在通常的做法這些做法包括在幾個(gè)指南中，包括：國(guó)際性能測(cè)試和驗(yàn)證協(xié)議-IPMVP(2007)美國(guó)能源管理計(jì)劃（FEMP）M&V指南：聯(lián)邦能源項(xiàng)目的測(cè)量和驗(yàn)證版本

3.0(2008)美國(guó)采暖，制冷和空調(diào)工程師協(xié)會(huì)（ASHRAE）指南14：能源測(cè)量和需求側(cè)節(jié)能(2002)9/11/0729DeterminingtheSavings

確定節(jié)能250,000500,000750,0001,000,000kWhBaselinePeriod基準(zhǔn)期PerformancePeriod績(jī)效期ActualEnergyUse實(shí)際能耗

BaselineProjection基準(zhǔn)線預(yù)測(cè)30M&VOptions

M&V選項(xiàng)OptionsAandBareretrofit-isolationmethods選項(xiàng)A和B是改造隔離方式OptionsCandDarewhole-facilitymethods選項(xiàng)C和D是整個(gè)設(shè)施方式Thedifferenceiswheretheboundarylinesaredrawn區(qū)別在于邊界線的劃定M&VOptions

M&V選項(xiàng)2/27/0931NRDC–NDRCCapacityBuiling,Beijing,ChinaTheOptionsdifferintheirapproachtothelevel,duration,andtypeofbaselineandreportingperiodmeasurements.OptionsAandBmeasurementsaretakenattheend-usesystemlevel(e.g.,lighting,motorsystem)OptionCevaluationsareconductedatthewhole-buildingorwhole-facilitylevel.OptionDevaluations,whichinvolvecomputersimulationmodeling,arealsomadeatthesystemorthewhole-buildinglevel.各選項(xiàng)的區(qū)別在于他們所涉及基準(zhǔn)的水平，時(shí)間和類型以及報(bào)告期的測(cè)量選項(xiàng)A和B測(cè)量是在在終端用能系統(tǒng)層面進(jìn)行（例如照明，電機(jī)系統(tǒng)）選項(xiàng)C評(píng)估是在整個(gè)建筑物或設(shè)施層面進(jìn)行。選項(xiàng)D評(píng)估，包括計(jì)算機(jī)仿真模型，是用于系統(tǒng)或整個(gè)建筑層面。M&VOptions(cont)

M&V選項(xiàng)（續(xù)前）2/27/0932NRDC–NDRCCapacityBuiling,Beijing,ChinaIntermsoftypeofmeasurement:OptionA-involvesusingacombinationofbothstipulationsandmeasurementsofthekeyfactorsneededtocalculatesavingsinengineeringmodels.OptionsB-andCinvolveusingdatacollectedfromspot,short-term,and/orcontinuousmeasurementsinengineeringmodels(OptionB)orregressionanalyses(OptionC).OptionD-mayincludespot,short-term,orcontinuousmeasurementdatatocalibratecomputersimulationmodels.在計(jì)量類型方面：選項(xiàng)A-此方案使用對(duì)關(guān)鍵系數(shù)既通過(guò)計(jì)量又按公式的方法

，這些系數(shù)供用來(lái)計(jì)算工程模型中的節(jié)能量選項(xiàng)B和C-涉及工程模型使用從現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，短期，和/或連續(xù)測(cè)量中采集的數(shù)據(jù)（選項(xiàng)B）或回歸分析（選項(xiàng)C）。選項(xiàng)D-可能包括現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，短期，或連續(xù)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)校準(zhǔn)計(jì)算機(jī)仿真模型。Exle:IPMVPinEvaluationApplication

-NewYorkStatePrograms

案例：IPMVP評(píng)估應(yīng)用-紐約州項(xiàng)目Commercial/IndustrialPerformanceProgram(CIPP)pay-for-performanceprogramApproximatelyonethirdofNYSERDAsavingsM&VprotocolsbasedonIPMVPandFEMPM&VGuideline2.2EmploysIPMVPOptionsA–DM&VevaluationofNYState’sCIPPimpactsMultipleapproachesrangingfromstipulatedsavingsvaluestousingIPMVPoptionsA–DContractsspecifythatreviewsbeconsistentwithIPMVP

9/11/0733商業(yè)/工業(yè)績(jī)效計(jì)劃（CIPP）以績(jī)效為依據(jù)撥付資金的項(xiàng)目

大約為紐約州能源研究和發(fā)展管理局節(jié)能量的三分之一M&V協(xié)議基于IPMVP和FEMPM&V指南2.2款采用IPMVP選項(xiàng)A-DM&V評(píng)估紐約州CIPP計(jì)劃的影響多種方法：從規(guī)定節(jié)能量到使用IPMVP選項(xiàng)A-D合同規(guī)定審查應(yīng)符合IPMVP4.Procedures,PrincipalsandMethods

程序，要點(diǎn)和方法IssuestoAddressinEvaluationPlanning

ResourceDocuments

9/11/0734評(píng)估規(guī)劃中應(yīng)關(guān)注的事項(xiàng)文件資源CommonEvaluationIssuesToAddressinPlanning

在規(guī)劃中應(yīng)關(guān)注的一般評(píng)估事項(xiàng)確定評(píng)估目標(biāo)和規(guī)模（相對(duì)大小或全面性）設(shè)定評(píng)估期限和報(bào)告期望值設(shè)定評(píng)估空間邊界確定計(jì)劃的基準(zhǔn)線，基準(zhǔn)調(diào)整，和數(shù)據(jù)采集的要求確定達(dá)到信息可靠目標(biāo)的預(yù)算選擇用于總量和凈值節(jié)能計(jì)算和避免排放計(jì)算的影響評(píng)估方法選擇誰(shuí)（或哪類機(jī)構(gòu)）來(lái)開(kāi)展評(píng)估9/11/0735Defineevaluationgoalsandscale(relativemagnitudeorcomprehensiveness)SettimeframeforevaluationandreportingexpectationsSetspatialboundaryforevaluationDefineprogrambaseline,baselineadjustments,anddatacollectionrequirementsEstablishabudgetincontextofinformationreliabilitygoalsSelectimpactevaluationapproachesfortotalandnetsavingscalculations,andavoidedemissionscalculationsSelectwho(orwh