高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題：冠詞課件

冠詞內(nèi)容索引重溫高考專題精析考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)重溫高考3考向1

表特指的定冠詞和表泛指的不定冠詞Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.This

included

digging

up

the road

，laying

the

track

and

thenbuilding

a

strong

roof

over

the

top.(2017·全國Ⅱ)解析

此處特指“地鐵的頂部”，故用定冠詞the。解析答案12342.Instead，she

is

earning

￡6,500

a

dayas

a

model

in

NewYork.(2017·全國Ⅲ)解析

句意為：相反，她在紐約作為一名模特每天收入6500英鎊。用不定冠詞a表泛指。解析答案1234解析

a

wonder一個(gè)奇跡。3.For

Pahlsson，its

return

was

a

wonder.(2017·浙江)解析答案12344.He

owned

a

farm，which

looked

almost

abandoned.(2015·廣東)解析

句意為：他擁有一個(gè)農(nóng)場，這個(gè)農(nóng)場看起來都快廢棄了。

a

是不定冠詞，表示泛指“一個(gè)……”，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。解析答案1234Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.They

live

far

from

the

school，and

it

takes

them

about

a

hour

and

aan/onehalf

to

go

to

work

every

day.(2017·全國Ⅱ)解析

hour

是以元音音素開頭的單詞，前面要用不定冠詞

an

。表示

“一個(gè)小時(shí)”可以用an

hour也可以用one

hour。解析答案12345672.But

in

thatcase，we

will

learn

little

about

world.(2016·全國Ⅱ)解析

此處特指我們所生活的這個(gè)世界。解析答案1234567∧the3.I

asked

Mom

to

stay

in

the

sitting

room

and

I

cooked

in∧kitchen.the

(2016·四川)解析

此處特指“我們”家的廚房。解析答案12345674.Now

I

am

living

in

a

city，but

I

miss

my

home

in∧countryside.Therethethe

air

is

clean

and

the

mountains

are

green.(2015·全國Ⅰ)解析

inthecountryside

在鄉(xiāng)村，特指“我”的家所處的鄉(xiāng)下。解析答案12345675.There

are

all

kinds

of

the

flowers

and

trees

around

the

classroombuildings.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)解析

此處為泛指，不表特指，故刪除the。解析答案12345676.Today

，

I

am

going

to

talk

about

what

you

should

do

when

a

firealarm

goes

off...Soon

the

firefighters

will

come

and

put

out

a

fire.the(2014·四川)解析

結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)可知，有火災(zāi)發(fā)生消防員才會(huì)來救火，故此處特指上文提到的a

fire，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。解析答案12345677.That

day

I

didn’t

learn

much

about

animals，insects

or

trees，but

I，故用不定冠詞解析答案1234567learnta

impressivelessonabout

gravity！(2014·陜西)an解析

“

學(xué)到了印象深刻的一課

”impressive以元音音素開頭，故a應(yīng)改為an。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.As

a

result

，people

will

eat

more

food

to

try

to

make

up

for

thatsomething

missing.(2017·全國Ⅰ)解析

as

a

result結(jié)果，是固定搭配?？枷?

固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的冠詞解析答案12342.On

my

recent

visit

，

I

held

a

lively

three-month-old

twin...Thenursery

team

switches

him

every

few

days

with

his

sister

so

that

whileone

is

being

bottle-fed，

the

other

is

with

mum—she

neversuspects.(2016·全國Ⅰ)解析

由上文中的關(guān)鍵詞

twin

，

one

可知這里考查

one...the

other...(個(gè)……另一個(gè)……)的用法。故答案為the。解析答案12343.Give

your

body

and

brain

a

rest

by

stepping

outside

for

a

while

，exercising，or

doing

something

you

enjoy.(2016·全國Ⅱ)解析

讓你的身體和思想休息一會(huì)兒。固定表達(dá)for

a

while一會(huì)兒。解析答案12344.The

adobe

dwellings(土坯房)

built

by

the

Pueblo

Indians

of

the

AmericanSouthwest

are

admired

by

even

themost

modern

of

architects

andengineers.(2015·全國Ⅱ)解析

空格之后為形容詞的最高級形式，故填定冠詞。解析答案1234Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.At

the

first

，I

thought

I

knew

everything

and

could

make

decisionsby

myself.(2016·全國Ⅲ)解析

at

first起初，首先，為固定短語。解析答案1232.Every

time

he

arrived

home

at∧end

of

the

day

，

we’

d

greet

him

atthethe

door.(2016·浙江)解析

atthe

end

of在……結(jié)束時(shí)，為固定搭配。解析答案1233.On

the

right

side

of

the

class

was

the

road.I

was

always

interested

tosee

the

drivers

in∧hurry

in

the

morning.(2015·浙江)a解析

in

a

hurry匆匆忙忙，為固定短語。解析答案123專題精析冠詞的類別泛指不定冠詞a一個(gè)...；一類...(單數(shù)名詞前)可數(shù)名詞泛指時(shí)用a或anan一個(gè)...；一類...(單數(shù)名詞前)零冠詞一類(復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前)復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞泛指時(shí)不用冠詞特指定冠詞the單數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞前均可無論可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞特指時(shí)都用the不定冠詞的核心考點(diǎn)表示數(shù)量“一”，相當(dāng)于“one”。I’ll

return

in

a

day

or

two.表示“同一”，相當(dāng)于“the

same”。The

children

are

of

an

age.表示泛指或類指，指人或事物的某一個(gè)或某一類。

He

wants

to

be

a

doctor.A

dog

is

a

faithful

animal.用于首次提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。

Yesterday

I

bought

a

novel.It

cost

me

30yuan.用于某一些表示重量、長度、時(shí)間等的單位前，表示“每一”。We

have

meals

three

times

a

day.用于專有名詞前表示類似的一個(gè)或某一個(gè)，相當(dāng)于“a

certain”。A

Mr

Li

is

asking

to

see

you.與某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞連用，表示“一種/一類/一份/一場/一陣/……”。There

was

a

heavy

rain

yesterday.He

gave

us

a

bigsurprise.用于序數(shù)詞前表示“又一，再一”。He

wanted

to

try

a

second

time.表示季節(jié)、月份、日期、三餐的名詞前有修飾語時(shí)，前面可用不定冠詞。We

have

a

warm

winter

thisyear.This

evening

I

had

a

bigsupper.用在某些固定詞組中。all

ofasuddenas

a

result

(of)asawholehave

a

swimonce

in

awhilein

ahurryat

atime定冠詞的核心考點(diǎn)用于上文提到過的人或事物前。I

have

bought

a

book.The

book

is

veryuseful.用于說話人與聽話人都知道的人或事物前。

Close

thewindow，please.用于表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前，如：the

sun。用于表示方位的名詞之前，如：in

the

east。用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級之前，如：the

first，the

most

interesting。用于“the＋比較級，the＋比較級”中，表示“越……越……”。The

more，the

better.用于表示兩者相比“較……的那個(gè)人或物”的比較級形式前。

Of

the

two

students，Mary

is

the

cleverer.用于形容詞之前，使其名詞化，表示一類人，如：

the

old

，

the

poor

，the

dead。用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞(如國名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)、建筑物、報(bào)紙、會(huì)議、條約等的名稱)之前，如：the

GreatWall，the

United

States等。用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島等名詞之前，如：the

West

Lake。用于復(fù)數(shù)姓氏之前，表示“夫婦”或“全家”，如：the

Whites。用于作為課程或演奏等的西洋樂器名詞前，如：

play

the

piano

，

playthe

violin。用于表示度量單位的名詞前，如：by

the

day。用于年代、朝代、時(shí)代名詞前，如：in

the

1970s。用于某些固定詞組中，如：all

the

time，at

the

age

of，in

the

end，bythe

way，in

the

form

of等。零冠詞的情況不含普通名詞的專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前，一般不加冠詞，如：China，America?？蓴?shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時(shí)，不加冠詞。

Einstein’s

theory

proved

to

be

correct.季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐名稱前一般不加冠詞，如：

March，on

Sunday，have

supper。稱呼語前不加冠詞。What

shall

I

donext，Mother?表示獨(dú)一無二的頭銜、職務(wù)名詞作表語、同位語或補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，一般不加冠詞。學(xué)科名稱、球類、棋類名稱前不加冠詞。復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類人或事物時(shí)，其前不加冠詞。在與by連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。連系動(dòng)詞turn后的表語單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。

The

young

worker

has

turned

writer.as，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)須倒裝，其表語(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)置于句首時(shí)不加冠詞。Child

as

he

is，he

knows

a

lot.11.某些固定詞組中不加冠詞，如：husband

and

wife，arm

in

arm。注意下列詞組的區(qū)別：go

to

school去上學(xué)go

to

the

school到學(xué)校去(不一定是去上學(xué))go

to/be

at

church去做禮拜/在做禮拜go

to/be

at

the

church去/在教堂(不一定是做禮拜)go

to

bed就寢，上床睡覺,go

to

the

bed向床走去,走到床前(不一定是去睡覺)go

to

sea出海(是海員)go

to

the

sea去海邊(不一定是海員)be

in

hospital在住院be

in

the

hospital在醫(yī)院里(不一定是病人)be

in

prison在坐牢be

in

the

prison在監(jiān)獄(不一定是犯人)in

front

of在……(外部)的前面in

the

front

of在……(內(nèi)部)的前面)sit

attable吃飯sit

at

the

table坐在桌旁(不一定是吃飯)by

day在白天by

the

day按天計(jì)算take

place發(fā)生take

the

place

of代替in

possession

ofsth.擁有某物in

the

possession

of

sb.為某人所擁有in

sightof能看見，看得見inthe

sight

of在……看來；從……觀點(diǎn)來看考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語法填空There

is

aconstant

beat

in

rap

songs.The

beat

accounts

for

thepopularity

of

rap

music

in

clubs.Last

weekend，Iwastravelling

home

from

Bangalore.There

was

a

distinctlack

of buses

，

so

I

thought

I

would

escape

the

crowd

and

go

forrefreshment.I

decided

to

go

to

a

hotel

near

the

bus

stand.The

International

Red

Cross/Red

Crescent

exists

to

help

the

victims

ofconflicts

and

disasters

regardless

of

their

nationality.The

symbol

of

theorganization

was

originally

just

the

red

cross.There

are

lots

of

experiences

in

our

lives.

The

most

unforgettable

onefor

me

is

the

speech

competition

which

was

held

lastyear.We

have

opened

up

aclothing

shop

called

“

Gifts

of

Grace

”

andadvertised

free

clothing

for

anyone

who

has

theneed.Guinness

World

Records

editor

Graig

Glenday

says，“This

is

_a_n_

extraordinary

world--recordattemptthat

shows

both

spiritual

dedicationand

true

passion.”O(jiān)ne

day

in

particular

，

a

finely

dressed

gentleman

stood

outside

therich

man

’

s

door

and

said

，“

You

’

ve

given

m

ea

second

chance

atlife.With

your

generous

gift

，

I

was

able

to

invest

the

money

and

pullmyselfoutofpoverty.”You

should

also

be

prepared

to

make

changes

in

the

diet

and

getaccustomed

to

thelocal

foods

and

the

limited

selection

of

familiar

foodsin

the

stores

and

restaurants.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)the

problem

I

will

turn

to

her

forhelp.aaFinally，there

was

a

sudden

pull

at

the

pole

and∧fishwas

caught.The

teacher

was

angrybecause

we

had∧same

answers

in

the

test.theI’ll

take

this

chancetowishyou∧wonderfultime

onyour

birthday.aMy

mother

is

very

kind

and

is

friendly

to

everybody.So

when

I

havefar

too

quickly

from

behind

alorry.I

still

remember

when

I

was∧child，you

always

held

me

in

your

armsaand

told

me

stories

till

I

fellasleep.In

the

car

park

there

Gina

nearly

got

knocked

over

as∧car

drove

outa7.Itis

such∧wonderfulfilm

thatwe

allenjoy

it.athing

to

do.9.Many

countries

in

the

world

find

they

don

’

t

have

enough

water.Todeal

with

a

problem

，

I

think

，

we

should

first

go

all

out

to

plant

treesthe/this/thatbecause

trees

will

help

save

water.8.Therefore

，

I

told

them

interesting

stories

and

how

I

was

enjoyingBrazil.As

a

result，nobody

knew∧truth.I

still

think

that

it

was

the

rightthe10.When

，

however

，

on Monday

，

January 16

，

a

science

fiction

filmabout

visitors

from

outer

space

was

shown

on

television，there

was

theanimmediate

increase

in

reports

of

sightings

from

all

parts

of

the

States.Ⅲ.語法填空(冠詞專練)I

came

to

study

in

the

United

States

1.

a

year

ago.Yet

I

did

notknow

2.

therealAmerican

society

until

I

was

injured

in

a

car

accident

because

after

3.

the

accident

Ihad

to

see

a

doctor

and

go

tocourt.After

the

accident

，

my

roommate

called

4.a

doctor

for

me.I

was

verythankful

and

decided

to

repay

him

one

day.But

5.

thenext

day，he

asked

me

topay

him

200

for

what

he

had

done.I

was

astonished.He

had

good

reasons

tocharge

me，he

said.And

if

I

wanted

to

collect

money

from

6.

the

person

who

wasresponsible

for

my

injury，I’d

have

to

have

7.

a

good

lawyer.Now

that

he

hadhelped

me

tofind

agooddoctor，it

was

onlyfair

thatIshouldpayhim.But

every

time

I

went

to see