二級(jí)筆譯歷年真題整理第二版

《二級(jí)筆譯歷年真題整理第二版》2006年5月【英譯漢必譯題】Forallthenaturalandman-madedisastersofthepastyear,travelersseemmoredeterminedthanevertoleavehome.NevermindthetsunamidevastationinAsialastDecember,therecentearthquakeinKashmirorthesuicidebombingsthisyearinLondonandBali,amongotherplacesonoroffthetouristtrail.Thenumberofleisuretravelersvisitingtouristdestinationshitbytroublehasinsomecasesbouncedbacktoalevelhigherthanbeforedisasterstruck."Thisnewfastrecoveryoftourismweareobservingiskindofstrange,"saidJohnKoldowski,directorfortheStrategicIntelligenceCenteroftheBangkok-basedPacificAsiaTravelAssociation."Itmakesyouthinkabouttheadagethatanypublicityisgoodpublicity."Itisstilltoosoontocompileyear-on-yearstatisticsforthedisastersofthepast12months,buttravelindustryexpertssaythatthebroadtrendsarealreadyclear.Leisuretravelisexpectedtoincreasebynearly5percentthisyear,accordingtotheWorldTourismandTravelCouncil.Tourismandtravelnowseemtobouncebackfasterandhighereachtimethereisaneventofthissort,"saidUfiIbrahim,vicepresidentoftheLondon-basedWorldTourismandTravelCouncil.ForLondon,wheresuicidebomberskilled56andwounded700onJuly8,shesaid,"Itwasalmostasifpeoplewhostayedawayafterthebombattackthendecidedtocomebacktwice."Earlyindicatorsshowthatthesameholdstrueforotherdisaster-struckdestinations.StatisticscompiledbythePacificAsiaTravelAssociation,forexample,showthatmonthlyvisitorarrivalsinSriLanka,wheretheDec.26,2004,tsunamileftmorethan30,000peopledeadormissing,werehigherthanoneyearearlierforeverymonthfromMarchthroughAugustofthisyear.AcasecommonlycitedbytravelprofessionalsasanearlyexampleofthetrendisBali,where202peoplewerekilledinbombingstargetingWesterntouristsinOctober2002.Visitorarrivalsplungedto993,000fortheyearafterthebombing,butbouncedbackto1.46millionin2004,alevelhigherthanthetwoyearsbeforethebomb,accordingtothePacificAsiaTravelAssociation.EvenamongAustralians,whosufferedtheworstcasualtiesintheBalibombings,thenumberofBali-boundvisitorsbouncedbackwithintwoyearstothehighestlevelsince1998,accordingthePacificAsiaTravelAssociation.Baliwashitagainthisyearbysuicidebomberswhokilled19peopleinexplosionsatthreerestaurants.Visitsarealsoontheupswingtopost-tsunamiThailand,wherethegiantwaveskilled5,400andleftmorethan5,000missing.Althoughthetsunamikilledmorethan500SwedesontheThairesortislandofPhuket,thelargestnumberofanyforeignnationalitytodie,Swedesarereturningtotheislandinlargernumbersthanlastyear,accordingtoMyTravelSweden,aStockholm-basedgroupthatsends600,000touristsoverseasannuallyandclaimsa28percentmarketshareforSweden."WewereconfidentthatThailandwouldeventuallybouncebackasadestination,butwedidn"tthinkthatthisyearitwouldcomebackevenstrongerthanlastyear,"saidJoakimEriksson,directorofcommunicationforMyTravelSweden."Wewereverysurprisedbecausewereallyexpectedasignificantdecline."ErikssonsaidMyTravelnowexpectsa5percentincreaseinvisitorstobothThailandandSriLankathisseasoncomparedwiththesameseasonlastyear.Thisbehaviorisasharpchangefromthepatternsofthe1990s,Erikssonsaid."DuringthefirstGulfwarwesawasharpdropintravelasawhole,andthesameafterSept.11,"Erikssonsaid."Nowthemainimpactofterrorismordisastersisachangeindestination."【參考譯文】盡管去年發(fā)生了許多自然災(zāi)害和人為的災(zāi)害，但是旅游者比以往更加堅(jiān)決地出門(mén)旅行。雖然去年12月亞洲的海嘯產(chǎn)生了巨大的破壞力，最近克什米爾發(fā)生了地震，倫敦和巴厘島出現(xiàn)了自殺性炸彈襲擊，游客卻毫不在意，無(wú)論在旅游路線上的地點(diǎn)或其他地方是否有危險(xiǎn)。在某些情況下，受到災(zāi)難影響的旅游地區(qū)吸引的游客人數(shù)快速反彈，甚至比災(zāi)難發(fā)生之前的數(shù)量還多。“我們注意到旅游業(yè)最近快速回升，這種情況是有一點(diǎn)奇怪?！笨偛吭O(shè)在曼谷的太平洋亞洲旅游協(xié)會(huì)戰(zhàn)略情報(bào)中心主任約翰－考爾多斯基說(shuō)道，“這使你想到那句老話，就是-只要是宣傳,好壞都不賴?！彪m然整理過(guò)去12個(gè)月的災(zāi)難年度數(shù)據(jù)還為時(shí)尚早，但是旅游業(yè)專(zhuān)家指出，現(xiàn)在旅游業(yè)發(fā)展總的趨勢(shì)是清楚明確的。世界旅游協(xié)會(huì)指出，今年休閑旅游預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)約5％?！懊看我挥袨?zāi)難發(fā)生，旅游業(yè)現(xiàn)在好像反彈得更快，旅游人數(shù)比災(zāi)害前更高。”總部在倫敦得世界旅游及旅行理事會(huì)副理事長(zhǎng)尤菲－伊布拉辛說(shuō)道。比如倫敦。7月8日倫敦的自殺爆炸襲擊造成56人死亡，700人受傷。尤菲說(shuō)：“看起來(lái)幾乎是那些躲開(kāi)了炸彈襲擊的人決定再來(lái)倫敦看看?！痹缙跀?shù)字指出，對(duì)于其他遭受災(zāi)難的地方來(lái)說(shuō)也是如此。例如，太平洋亞洲旅游協(xié)會(huì)的統(tǒng)計(jì)表明，雖然2004年12月26日的海嘯造成超過(guò)3萬(wàn)人死傷，但是今天3月到8月間，來(lái)到斯里蘭卡的游客人數(shù)每個(gè)月都比去年同期要高。為了說(shuō)明這種趨勢(shì)，旅游專(zhuān)業(yè)人士常常引用的一個(gè)先前的例子是巴厘島。2002年10月，針對(duì)西方人的炸彈襲擊造成202人死亡。然而在爆炸后一年，游客人數(shù)驟降至993000人，而2004年反彈至146萬(wàn)人。太平洋亞洲旅游協(xié)會(huì)指出，這一數(shù)字比炸彈襲擊的前兩年還高。太平洋亞洲旅游協(xié)會(huì)還指出，即使是在巴厘島炸彈襲擊中傷亡最為慘重的澳大利亞人也是如此。僅在襲擊后的兩年內(nèi)，來(lái)巴厘島旅游的人數(shù)就反彈至自1998年以來(lái)的最高點(diǎn)。自殺式炸彈襲擊者今年再度襲擊了巴厘島，三所飯館發(fā)生爆炸，造成19人死亡。泰國(guó)在遭受了海嘯襲擊后，也吸引了更多的游客，而當(dāng)時(shí)的海嘯掀起了巨浪，造成5400人死亡，5000人失蹤。雖然泰國(guó)旅游勝地普吉島的海嘯曾造成500多瑞典人死亡，是死亡人數(shù)最多的外國(guó)人，但是“瑞典－我的旅行”組織說(shuō)，更多的瑞典人回到普吉島旅游，總數(shù)超過(guò)去年。該組織總部設(shè)在斯德哥爾摩，每年把60萬(wàn)游客送往海外，占有28％的瑞典旅游市場(chǎng)份額?！拔覀兩钚牛﹪?guó)最終重新成為旅游熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)，但是我們沒(méi)有想到，今年的反彈力度比去年還要強(qiáng)勁?！薄叭鸬洌业穆眯小苯M織1第1/28頁(yè)《二級(jí)筆譯歷年真題整理第二版》交通部主任約吉姆－埃里克森說(shuō)，“本來(lái)我們以為人數(shù)會(huì)有大的下滑，所以對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況感到十分吃驚。”埃里克森說(shuō)，該組織預(yù)計(jì)，與去年相同的旅游季節(jié)相比，今天去泰國(guó)和斯里蘭卡的游客人數(shù)均將上升5％。他說(shuō)，這種情況與20世紀(jì)90年代有了顯著的變化?！霸诘谝淮魏硲?zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，旅游業(yè)總體上有顯著的下滑，911之后也是如此?！卑＠锟松f(shuō)，“現(xiàn)在，恐怖主義活動(dòng)或?yàn)?zāi)害襲擊給旅游業(yè)造成的影響無(wú)非是改變了旅游的目的地而已?！薄居⒆g漢二選一】【試題1】Freedbywarming,watersoncelockedbeneathicearegnawingatcoastalsettlementsaroundtheArcticCircle.InBykovsky,avillageof457onRussia'snortheastcoast,theshorelineiscollapsing,creepingcloserandclosertohousesandtanksofheatingoil,atarateof15to18feetayear."Itispracticallyallice-permafrost-anditisthawing."ForthefourmillionpeoplewholivenorthoftheArcticCircle,achangingclimatepresentsnewopportunities.Butitalsothreatenstheirenvironment,theirhomesand,forthosewhosetraditionsrelyontheice-boundwilderness,thepreservationoftheirculture.ApushtodeveloptheNorth,quickenedbythemeltingoftheArcticseas,carriesitsownrewardsanddangersforpeopleintheregion.ThediscoveryofvastpetroleumfieldsintheBarentsandKaraSeashasraisedfearsofcatastrophicaccidentsasshipsloadedwithoiland,soon,liquefiedgaschurnthroughthefisheriesoffScandinavia,headedtomarketsinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Landthatwasuntouchedcouldbetaintedbypollutionasgenerators,smokestacksandlargevehiclessprouttosupportthegrowingenergyindustry.CoastalerosionisaprobleminAlaskaaswell,forcingtheUnitedStatestopreparetorelocateseveralInuitvillagesataprojectedcostof$100millionormoreforeachone.AcrosstheArctic,indigenoustribeswithtraditionsshapedbycenturiesoflivinginextremesofcoldandicearenoticingchangesinweatherandwildlife.Theyaretryingtoadapt,butitcanbeconfounding.InFinnmark,Norway'snorthernmostprovince,theArcticlandscapeunfoldsinlatewinterasanendlesssnowyplateau,silentbutforthecriesofthereindeerandtheoccasionalwhineofasnowmobileherdingthem.AchangingArcticisfeltthere,too."Thereindeerarebecomingunhappy,"saidIssatEira,a31-year-oldreindeerherder.FewcountriesrivalNorwaywhenitcomestoprotectingtheenvironmentandpreservingindigenouscustoms.Thestatehaslavisheditsoilwealthontheregion,andSamiculturehasenjoyedsomethingofarenaissance.AndyetnoamountofgovernmentsupportcanconvinceMr.Eirathathislivelihood,intractablyentwinedwiththereindeer,isnotabouttochange.LikeaTexascattleman,hekeepsthesizeofhisherdsecret.Buthesaidwarmertemperaturesinfallandspringweremeltingthetoplayersofsnow,whichthenrefreezeasice,makingitharderforhisreindeertodigthroughtothelichentheyeat."Thepeoplewhoaremakingthedecisions,theyarelivinginthesouthandtheyarelivingintowns,"saidMr.Eira,sittinginsidehishomemadeofreindeerhides."Theydon'tmarkthechangeofweather.Itisonlypeoplewholiveinnatureandgetresourcesfromnaturewhomarkit."ApushtodeveloptheNorth,quickenedbythemeltingoftheArcticseas,carriesitsownrewardsanddangersforpeopleintheregion.ThediscoveryofvastpetroleumfieldsintheBarentsandKaraSeashasraisedfearsofcatastrophicaccidentsasshipsloadedwithoiland,soon,liquefiedgaschurnthroughthefisheriesoffScandinavia,headedtomarketsinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Landthatwasuntouchedcouldbetaintedbypollutionasgenerators,smokestacksandlargevehiclessprouttosupportthegrowingenergyindustry.【試題1參考譯文】隨著天氣變暖，北極圈的冰層開(kāi)始融化，海水涌上來(lái)開(kāi)始侵蝕沿岸村落。拜考夫斯凱村位于俄羅斯東北部沿海地區(qū)，居住著457個(gè)村民，這里的海岸線已經(jīng)遭到破壞，海水正以每年15－18英尺的速度向內(nèi)陸的房屋和采暖用油桶逼近?！斑@里本來(lái)全都是冰，我們稱(chēng)之為永久凍土，但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開(kāi)始融化了?！睂?duì)于居住在北極圈里的四百萬(wàn)人來(lái)說(shuō)，氣候變化給他們帶來(lái)了新的機(jī)遇。但是，這也威脅著他們賴以生存的環(huán)境和家園，而對(duì)于那些祖祖輩輩生活在冰雪荒原的人們來(lái)說(shuō)，這還關(guān)乎他們能否保住自己的文化。對(duì)北部地區(qū)的進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)隨著北冰洋的融化加快了腳步，給當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣駧?lái)了利益，也帶來(lái)了危險(xiǎn)。在巴倫支海和卡拉海發(fā)現(xiàn)了廣闊的油田，但人們擔(dān)心先裝滿石油然后很快就是液化天燃?xì)獾妮喆l(fā)生災(zāi)難事故，這些船將卷起海浪，穿過(guò)斯堪地那維亞半島近海的捕魚(yú)區(qū)，一直開(kāi)往歐洲和北美州市場(chǎng)。當(dāng)越來(lái)越多的發(fā)電機(jī)、大煙囪和各種重型車(chē)輛進(jìn)入這個(gè)地區(qū)幫助發(fā)展能源工業(yè)時(shí)，也會(huì)使這片處女地受到污染。阿拉斯加州也存在著海岸侵蝕的問(wèn)題，這迫使美國(guó)政府打算遷移數(shù)個(gè)因紐特人的村莊，每個(gè)村莊的預(yù)計(jì)搬遷費(fèi)用高達(dá)一億多美元。在北極區(qū)，在極端冰冷環(huán)境里生存了幾百年的本地部落注意到了氣候和野生動(dòng)物的變化，他們想去適應(yīng)這種變化，但常常不知所措。在挪威最北面的芬馬克省，每到冬末，北極的大片土地一望無(wú)際，好像冰雪高原，萬(wàn)籟俱寂，偶爾只會(huì)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)幾聲馴鹿的鳴叫和摩托雪橇放牧馴鹿的轟鳴。但是即使在那里，人們也感受到了北極的變化。“馴鹿越來(lái)越不開(kāi)心。”31歲的養(yǎng)鹿人埃拉說(shuō)道。其實(shí)談及保護(hù)環(huán)境和本土習(xí)俗，沒(méi)有什么國(guó)家可以與挪威相提并論。政府把開(kāi)發(fā)石油獲得的財(cái)富都用在了北極地區(qū)，薩米人的文化也因此得到了某種意義上的復(fù)興。但是無(wú)論有多少來(lái)自于政府的支持都無(wú)法讓埃拉相信，他以鹿為生的日子將會(huì)和以往一樣。象德克薩斯州的養(yǎng)牛人，他對(duì)自己放養(yǎng)的馴鹿數(shù)量守口如瓶，但是他說(shuō)，春秋兩季氣溫上升，導(dǎo)致表層雪融化，天冷后結(jié)成冰，馴鹿就更難于刨食到地表的植物?！抖?jí)筆譯歷年真題整理第二版>些制定政策的人都住在南方的城市里，”埃拉坐在用鹿皮搭建的家里說(shuō)，“那些決策者注意不到天氣的變化。只有真正住在大自然里、從大自然獲得生活資源的人才能注意到這一切。”【試題2】Somepeoplecallhim“Guidone”—bigGuido.Largeinbothphysicalstatureandreputation,GuidoRossi,whotookoverasTelecomItalia'schairmanonSeptember15thfollowingthesurpriseresignationofMarcoTronchettiProvera,hasstoodoutfromtheItalianbusinesscrowdformorethanthreedecades.Mr.Rossi,whoattendedHarvardlawschoolinthe1950sandwroteabookonAmericanbankruptcylaw,madehisnameasacorporatelawyerkeenonmarketrulesandtheirenforcement.Hehassinceworkedinbothprivateandpublicsectors,includingstintsintheItalianSenateandasoneoftheEuropeanCommission'sgroupofcompany-lawexperts.Aswellasrunningabusylegalpractice,healsohasareputationasacorporatetroubleshooterandall-roundMrFix-It,andisoftencalledupontocleanuporganisationsincrisis.HisroleatTelecomItaliamarksareturntothecompanyheheadedfortenmonthsin1997,duringitspoliticallytrickyandlegallycomplexprivatisation.Beforethat,MrRossihadbeensentintosortoutFerruzzi-Montedison,anagri-businessandchemicalsgroup,whichhadcollapsedaftermagistratesuncoveredtangentopoli(“bribesville”).LastyearhislegalschemingwascrucialinABNAmro'svictoriousbidforBancaAntonveneta.Mostrecently,heactedasspecialcommissioneratItaly'sfootballassociation,wherehewasdraftedintosortoutthemessafteramassivematch-riggingscandalexplodedearlierthisyear.Alas,hiseffortstobleachfootball'sdarkstainsproducedthesamemeagre[4]resultsashisothereffortstogetItalianbusinessandfinancetochangeitsways.“LikeItalianswhentangentopoliburst,fanswantedjusticewhenthescandalbroke;butenthusiasmforlegalityquicklywaned,”sighsFrancescoSaverioBorrelli,Milan'sformerchiefprosecutor,whoheadedthecity'sassaultoncorruptionduringthe1990sandwasappointedbyMrRossitodigoutfootball'sdirt.Thepoliticalmuscleoftheclubspreventedtoughmeasuresbeingtakenagainstthem,reflectingItaly'stwo-tierjusticesysteminwhichtherichandpowerfulcandowhattheylike.“Economicinterestsinfootballfaroutweighsportinginterests,”remarksMrBorrelli.TherottennessinfootballshockedeventheunshakeableMrRossi.“Footballdidnotwantrules,itjustwantedmetosolveitsproblems,”hesays.Despairingofbeingabletochangemuch,heresignedinSeptemberandturnedhisattentiontoTelecomItalia.【試題2參考譯文】有的人叫他“吉多尼”——也就是“大”吉多。吉多?羅西身材高大，名氣也很大。9月15日，在馬可?特龍切蒂?普羅費(fèi)拉突然辭職之后，三十多年來(lái)在意大利商圈一直聲名顯赫的羅西接任意大利電信公司總裁一職。上世紀(jì)五十年代，羅西在哈佛法學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，曾寫(xiě)過(guò)一部關(guān)于美國(guó)破產(chǎn)法的著作，后來(lái)成為一名公司代理律師，因熱衷于市場(chǎng)規(guī)則及其執(zhí)行相關(guān)的案例而名噪一時(shí)。他在私有和國(guó)有單位都謀過(guò)事，其中包括在意大利參議院干過(guò)一段時(shí)間，當(dāng)過(guò)歐盟委員會(huì)公司法律處專(zhuān)家。除了忙于法律業(yè)務(wù)外，他還是赫赫有名的排解公司糾紛高手，人稱(chēng)全能的“處理先生”，經(jīng)常有危機(jī)纏身的公司請(qǐng)他幫助排憂解難。他在意大利電信公司所扮演的角色標(biāo)志著他的回歸，因?yàn)?997年他在該公司主持過(guò)十個(gè)月的工作，其時(shí)公司正處于勾心斗角的政治斗爭(zhēng)和涉及復(fù)雜法律問(wèn)題的私有化過(guò)程中。之前羅西曾受命調(diào)查了Ferruzzi-Montedison的問(wèn)題。Ferruzzi-Montedison是一家農(nóng)業(yè)與化工集團(tuán)，在被地方法官查出存在賄賂問(wèn)題后倒閉。去年，他作為荷蘭銀行Amro公司成功收購(gòu)BancaAntonveneta一案的法律顧問(wèn)也起到了關(guān)鍵作用。最近他還擔(dān)任了意大利足協(xié)的調(diào)查專(zhuān)員，負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)查今年早些時(shí)候爆出的涉及面很廣的假球丑聞。遺憾的是，與試圖幫助意大利商界和金融界“改過(guò)自新”一樣，他為“凈足運(yùn)動(dòng)”所做的努力也收效甚微。米蘭前任首席檢察官薩維利奧?博雷利無(wú)奈地說(shuō)：“當(dāng)丑聞爆發(fā)時(shí)，球迷們像當(dāng)年發(fā)生賄賂案時(shí)一樣希望司法介入，可這樣的熱情很快就消退了?！辈├桌巧鲜兰o(jì)90年代米蘭打擊腐敗的負(fù)責(zé)人，曾受命于羅西負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)查足球丑聞。（涉案）俱樂(lè)部?jī)?nèi)在的政治勢(shì)力使得（調(diào)查組）無(wú)法對(duì)其采取嚴(yán)厲措施，這也反映出身處意大利雙重司法體系之下的有錢(qián)有勢(shì)者可以為所欲為。博雷利說(shuō)：“足球的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益淹沒(méi)了人們對(duì)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱情。”足球腐敗甚至讓不可動(dòng)搖的羅西也感到震驚。“足球不需要規(guī)則，它只需要我?guī)椭鉀Q問(wèn)題?！彼f(shuō)。由于無(wú)力回天，他感到很是絕望，于是在9月份提出辭職，從此把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了意大利電信。【漢譯英】【試題一】亞洲是我們共同的家園，亞洲的和平、穩(wěn)定、發(fā)展關(guān)系到亞洲各國(guó)人民的共同命運(yùn)。我們高興地看到，在當(dāng)前總體和平穩(wěn)定的國(guó)際環(huán)境下，亞洲也迎來(lái)了有史以來(lái)較為穩(wěn)定的和平發(fā)展時(shí)期。這就是一個(gè)最重要的新機(jī)會(huì)。在亞洲各國(guó)政府和人民的共同努力下，亞洲的發(fā)展正呈現(xiàn)出前所未有的良好態(tài)勢(shì)，突出表現(xiàn)在：亞洲巨大的市場(chǎng)潛能逐步得到開(kāi)發(fā)，亞洲各國(guó)和地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的成效顯著，產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)化升級(jí)繼續(xù)加快，經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)快速發(fā)展，亞洲已成為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)最具活力的地區(qū)之一?！拔覀冋f(shuō)，要把握亞洲尋求共贏的新機(jī)會(huì)，這又是一個(gè)新機(jī)會(huì)?！眮喼藓推健⒎€(wěn)定、發(fā)展的整體氛圍，促進(jìn)了亞洲區(qū)域合作進(jìn)程的快速發(fā)展，一個(gè)平等、多元、開(kāi)放、互利的地區(qū)合作新局面正在逐步形成。特別是以東亞、東盟、中亞、南盟、亞洲合作對(duì)話以及多雙邊自由貿(mào)易安排為標(biāo)志，各種形式的區(qū)域、次區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作蓬勃發(fā)展。這同樣也是一個(gè)新機(jī)會(huì)。這些積極而重大的變化，既為推動(dòng)亞洲區(qū)域合作提供了有利條件，也為亞洲各國(guó)和地區(qū)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)了歷史性機(jī)遇?！爸灰覀兝^續(xù)相互尊重、平等對(duì)待，把握發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)，把握住自己的命運(yùn)，就一定能夠促進(jìn)亞洲的發(fā)展與振興，達(dá)致互利共贏的目標(biāo)?！薄驹囶}一參考譯文】Asiaisthehomeofallofus.Peace,stabilityanddevelopmentinAsiaarecrucialtothewell-beingofthepeopleinourregion.Weareheartenedtoseethatjustastheworldtodayenjoysoverallpeaceandstability,soAsiaisinarelativelystableandpeacefulperiodfordevelopmentrarelyseeninitshistory.WeoftensaythatAsiashouldseizeanopportunityforwin-winprogress.Nowwearefacedwiththisimportantopportunity.ThankstothejointeffortofthegovernmentsandpeoplesofAsiancountries,Asiahasregisteredanunprecedentedsoundmomentumofdevelopment,markedbytheunleashingofhugemarketpotential,effectiveeconomicrestructuringinvariouscountriesandareas,acceleratingindustrialupgradingandfastandsustainedeconomicgrowth.ThishasmadeAsiaoneofthemostdynamicregionsintheworld.ThisisanotheropportunitythatAsiashouldseizetomakewin-winprogress.Theoverallpeace,stabilityanddevelopmentinAsiahaveledtofastprogressintheregionalcooperationprocess.Anew3ypeofregionalcooperationbasedonequality,diversity,opennessandmutualbenefitistakingshape.Variousregionalandsub-regionaleconomiccooperationmechanismshavegrowninstrength,whichincludetheAssociationofSoutheastAsianNations,theSouthAsianAssociationforRegionalCooperation,AsiaCooperationDialogue,thoseinEastAsiaandCentralAsia,andmultilateralandbilateralfreetradearrangements.ThisisanotheropportunitythatAsiashouldseize.ThesepositiveandmajordevelopmentshavebroughtaboutbothfavorableconditionsforregionalcooperationandhistoricalopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofAsia.Weshouldrespectandtreateachotherasequals,seizetheopportunitiesofdevelopmentandholdourdestinyinourownhands.Aswedothis,wewillcertainlyachievemutualbenefitandwin-winprogressandpromotedevelopmentandrejuvenationofAsia.【試題二】國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)與中國(guó)特色中國(guó)作為后發(fā)現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家，極其需要借鑒國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)。同時(shí)，在和平崛起進(jìn)程中，中國(guó)又要以自己為主，來(lái)關(guān)注和解決自己的問(wèn)題。這就是說(shuō)，中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化一定要有中國(guó)特色。比如，在農(nóng)業(yè)問(wèn)題上，中國(guó)將努力走出一條新的節(jié)約型道路，即有中國(guó)特色的節(jié)約方式?，F(xiàn)在美國(guó)人均年消費(fèi)石油25桶，而中國(guó)人均消費(fèi)不到1桶半。如果中國(guó)人不顧自己的條件，異想天開(kāi)想做起“美國(guó)夢(mèng)”，那我們對(duì)能源急切需求就會(huì)給自己，同事也會(huì)給人類(lèi)帶來(lái)沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)和無(wú)盡的麻煩。又比如，在農(nóng)村富余勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移上，我們將逐步走出一條中國(guó)特色的城市化道路。目前，中國(guó)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力有5億多人，今后20年大約有兩億多人要轉(zhuǎn)移出來(lái)，在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，中國(guó)人不能做“歐洲夢(mèng)”。歐洲在近代歷史上，總共有6000多萬(wàn)人走到世界各地，到處建立殖民地，改變了世界版圖。21世紀(jì)上半葉的中國(guó)人，只能在自己的國(guó)土上，通過(guò)城市和農(nóng)村的精心協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，通過(guò)引導(dǎo)農(nóng)村富余勞動(dòng)力在不喪失土地的條件下，在城鄉(xiāng)之間有序流動(dòng)，來(lái)解決這個(gè)世界級(jí)的大難題。【試題二參考答案】InternationalExperienceandChineseCharacteristicsAsanewcomerstrivingformodernization,Chinaisbadlyinneedofdrawingexperiencefrominternationalpractice.Atthesametime,Chinamustrelyonitselftoaddressandresolveproblemsarisingintheprocessofherpeacefulrise.Inotherwords,China?smodernizationmustbeatitsownuniquecharacteristics.Forinstance,withregardtoenergyissues,ChinaisworkinghardtoblazeatrailinenergyconservationsoastoshapeupaChina-styleenergy-savingapproach.Currently,theAmericanpercapitaannualconsumptionofoilis25barrels,whilethatforChinaisnomorethanabarrelandahalf.ShouldtheChineseignoretheirnationalconditionsandindulgethemselvesinthewildest“AmericanDream”,thenation?sdesperateenergydemandswillundoubtedlybringheavyburdenandendlesstroublebothtotheChinesepeopleandthehumankindasawhole.Similarly,overthematterofmigrationofsuperfluousrurallaborforcetothecity,ChinaissuretograduallyfindoutthewaytowardsurbanizationstampedwithChinesecharacteristics.Atpresent,Chinahasalaborforceofmorethan500millioninthecountryside,about200millionofwhomareexpectedtobemigratedtotheurbanareasinthedreamthe“Europeandream”.Inmodernhistory,Europehasseenaltogetherover60millionpeopledepartforeverycorneroftheworldtoestablishcoloniesoverseas,therebychangingthemapoftheworld.FortheChinesepeopleinthefirsthalfofthe21stcentury,however,theycanonlytacklethisformidableuniversalproblemwithinitsownland,firstbycarefullycoordinatingurbanandruraldevelopmentandsecondly,byprovidingguidedandorderlyflowofredundantrurallaborforcebetweenthecountrysideandthecitywithoutlossoftheirlands.2007年5月【完形填空】ThenumberofimmigrantslivinginAmericanhouseholdsrose16percentoverthelastfiveyears,fueledlargelybyrecentarrivalsfromMexico,accordingtofreshdatareleasedbytheCensusBureau.Andincreasingly,immigrantsarebypassingthetraditionalgateway（states）likeCaliforniaandNewYorkandsettlingdirectlyinpartsofthecountrythat（until）recentlysawlittleimmigrantactivity—regions（like）theUpperMidwest,NewEnglandandtheRockyMountainStates.Comingintheheartofanelectionseason（inwhich）illegalimmigrationhasemergedasanissue,thenewdata（from）thebureau's2005AmericanCommunitySurveyiscertaintogeneratemore（debate）.Butmorethan（that）,demographerssaid,ithighlightsonereasonimmigrationhasbecome（such）aheatedtopic."What'shappeningnowisthatimmigrantsareshowing（up）inmanymorecommunitiesallacrossthecountrythantheyhaveeverbeen（in）,”saidAudreySinger,animmigrationfellowattheBrookingsInstitution."Soit'seasyforpeopleto（look）aroundandnotjustseethem,butfeeltheimpactthey're（having）intheircommunities.Andalotof（these）arecommunitiesthatarenotaccustomedto（seeing）immigrantsintheirschools,attheworkplace,intheirhospitals.”Byfarthelargestnumbersofimmigrantscontinuetoliveinthesixstatesthathavetraditionallyattracted（them）:California,NewYork,Texas,Florida,NewJerseyandIllinois.ImmigrantsalsocontinuetoflowintoahandfulofstatesintheSoutheast,（like）GeorgiaandNorthCarolina,atrendthatwasdiscernedinthe2000census.Butitisintheless-expectedimmigrantdestinationsthatdemographers（find）themostofinterestinthenewdata.Indianasawa34percentincreaseinthenumberofimmigrants;SouthDakotasawa44percentrise;Delaware32percent;Missouri31percent;Colorado28percent;andNewHampshire26percent."It'sthecontinuationofapatternthatwefirstbegantosee10or15years（ago）,"saidJeffPassel,seniorresearchassociateatthePewHispanicCenter,whohasexaminedthenewcensusdata."Butinsteadofbeingconfinedtoareas（like）theSoutheast,it'sbeginningtospilloverintosomeMidwesternstates,likeIndianaandOhio.It'sevenmoving（up）intoNew4 England.”O(jiān)verall,immigrantsnow（makeup）12.4percentofthenation's（population）,upfrom11.2percentin2000.Thatamountstoanestimated4.9millionadditionalimmigrantsforatotalof35.7million,anumber（largerthan）thepopulationofCalifornia.【英譯漢必譯題】StrollingbesideAmsterdam?soldestcanals,wherebuildingscarrydateslike1541and1603,itiseasytoimaginethecity?sprosperityinthe17thcentury.Replacetoday?sbicyclesandcarswithhorse-drawncarts,addmorebargesonthewaterways,andthisisessentiallyhowAmsterdammusthavelookedtoRembrandtashedidhisroundsofwealthymerchants.Suchmusingsarenot,ofcourse,unprompted.Thisyear,Amsterdamiscelebratingthe400thanniversaryofRembrandt?sbirth,anditishardtoescapehisshadow.HisbirthplaceinLeiden,20milessouth,hasnaturallyorganizeditsownfestivities.ButAmsterdamhastwoadvantages:itboaststheworld?slargestRembrandtcollection—andtouristsliketocomehereanyway.True,anniversariescanbeprettycorny,butwhatcityresiststhem?Thisyear,AmsterdamiscompetingwithSalzburg,whereMozartwasborn250yearsago,andAix-en-Provence,whereCézannediedacenturyago.AsigninAmsterdam?stouristofficebytheCentralStationhintsatonemotiveforsuchoccasions:“BuyyourRembrandtproductshere.”Still,ifyoustartoffbylikingRembrandt,asIdo,thereismuchtodiscover.Forinstance,wheninAmsterdamIalwaysmakeapointofpayinghomagetotheRembrandtmasterpiecesintheRijksmuseum,yetuntilnowIhadneverbotheredtovisitRembrandtHouse,wherethepainterlivedfrom1639untildrivenoutbybankruptcyin1658.Inbrief,Ihadnevermuchconnectedhisarttohisperson.Now,atleast,Ihavemadeastabatdoingsobecause,forthisanniversary(hewasbornonJuly15,1606),AmsterdamhasorganizedahostofeventsthatofferinsightsintoRembrandt?sworld.Theyhighlightnotonlywhatisknownabouthislife,butalsothepeoplehepaintedandthecityhelivedinfromtheageof25untilhisdeathat63in1669.AlthoughtheRijksmuseumisundergoingamassiverenovationthrough2009,themuseumisnotsnubbingitsfavoriteson.Throughouttheyear,inpartofthebuildingtoberenovatedlast,itispresentingsome400paintingsandother17th-centuryobjectsrepresentingtheGoldenAgeinwhichRembrandtprospered.TheseincludeworksbyJanSteen,VermeerandFransHalsaswellasbyRembrandtandhispupils.AndtheyclimaxwithRembrandt?slargestandbestknownoil,“TheNightWatch,”itselfthefocusof“Nightwatching,”alightandsoundinstallationbytheBritishmoviedirectorandAmsterdamresident,PeterGreenaway.【個(gè)人參考】漫步在阿姆斯特丹最為古老的運(yùn)河旁，沿岸的樓房可以追溯到1541年和1603年，這使人很容易聯(lián)想到這座城市在17世紀(jì)時(shí)有多么繁華。把今天的自行車(chē)和汽車(chē)換成馬車(chē)，在水中多加些駁船，這應(yīng)該就是倫勃朗在給富商作畫(huà)時(shí)眼中的阿姆斯特丹了。當(dāng)然，這些想法不是憑空產(chǎn)生的。今年，阿姆斯特丹要慶祝倫勃朗誕辰400周年，城市里到處都有他的身影。在阿姆斯特丹南部20英里遠(yuǎn)的萊頓市是倫勃朗的出生地，那里自然也組織了自己的慶?；顒?dòng)。不過(guò)阿姆斯特丹有2個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)：自詡擁有世界上最多的倫勃朗收藏品——而且游客也喜歡來(lái)這里。周年慶典確實(shí)相當(dāng)老土，不過(guò)各個(gè)城市不都這么做嗎？今年，阿姆斯特丹要與莫扎特250年前的誕生地——薩爾茨保和塞尚100年前的去世之地——?？怂拱浩樟_旺斯競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。阿姆斯特丹中央車(chē)站旁的旅游辦公室里有個(gè)牌子，暗示出舉行慶典活動(dòng)的一個(gè)動(dòng)機(jī)：在這里買(mǎi)倫勃朗的紀(jì)念品。不過(guò)，如果你像我一樣也是剛剛喜歡上倫勃朗，這里有很多東西等待你去發(fā)現(xiàn)。例如在阿姆斯特丹，我總說(shuō)要去國(guó)立博物館瞻仰一下倫勃朗的大作。不過(guò)直到現(xiàn)在，我都沒(méi)拜訪過(guò)倫勃朗的住所，這位畫(huà)家從1639年便住在那里，直到1658年因破產(chǎn)被趕了出來(lái)。簡(jiǎn)言之，我基本上不把他的作品和他本人聯(lián)系起來(lái)。至少我現(xiàn)在盡力不這么想，因?yàn)闉榱诉@次周年慶典（倫勃朗于1606年7月15日出生），阿姆斯特丹已經(jīng)舉辦了大量的活動(dòng)幫助人們探究倫勃朗的世界。這些活動(dòng)不僅關(guān)注他的生活，同時(shí)還關(guān)注他畫(huà)中的人物和他居住的城市。倫勃朗25歲起便在此居住，直到1669年63歲的他去世。盡管?chē)?guó)立博物館2009年全年都要進(jìn)行大規(guī)模整修，但它仍不冷落自己的寵兒。這一年在博物館最后整修的展館里，有一部分將用來(lái)展示倫勃朗所作的400多幅畫(huà)作和其它17世紀(jì)時(shí)的作品。這些作品代表了倫勃朗成功時(shí)的黃金時(shí)代，其中包括珍·斯汀，維米爾，弗朗斯·哈爾斯以及倫勃朗和他學(xué)生的畫(huà)作，而扛鼎之作則是倫勃朗最大也是最著名的油畫(huà)“夜巡者”。這幅畫(huà)將重點(diǎn)放在夜巡上，其中的燈光和音響則是由英國(guó)電影導(dǎo)演，同時(shí)也是阿姆斯特丹居民的皮特·格里納韋安裝?！居⒆g漢二選一】【試題1】Thearsenalofantibioticsstrongenoughtosquelchnastybacteriaisrapidlydwindlingworldwide,whichmakesworriedinfectious-diseasedoctorsmoreintentthaneverthatthedrugsbedeployedonlywhenstrictlyneeded.Thesespecialistsknowthateveryantibioticcarriesitsownrisks,andthatthemorefrequentlyandbroadlyadrugisused,themorelikelyitisthatharmfulmicrobeswilldeveloptrickstosidestepit.ButateamofresearchersintheNetherlands,whereamoreselectiveuseofantibioticshasledtomuchlowerlevelsofresistantbacteriathanarecirculatingintheUnitedStates,thinksthemedicalfinger-waggershavenotgonefarenough."Asdoctors,we'vepaidalotofattentiontoquestionsofwhichantibioticsweshouldusetotreatwhatsortsofinfections,buthavefocusedmuchlessonhowlongthattreatmentshouldlast,"saidDr.JanPrinsoftheAcademicMedicalCenterinAmsterdam.5《二級(jí)筆譯歷年真題整理第二版》InasmallbutprovocativestudypublishedintheJune10issueoftheBritishmedicaljournalBMJ,Dr.Prinsandcolleaguesfromninehospitalssuggestedthatevensomecasesofpneumonia—apotentiallylife-threateningdisease—couldbetreatedwithathree-daycourseofantibiotics,ratherthantheconventional7-to10-daytreatment.TheDutchstudyanalyzedthecureratesof186adultswhohadbeenhospitalizedwithmildtomoderatelyseverepneumonia.Allreceivedthreedaysofintravenousamoxicillintostart.Afterthat,the119whowereshowingsubstantialimprovementwererandomlydividedintotwogroups;abouthalfcontinuedwithanotherfive-daycourseoforalamoxicillin,andtheothersgotlook-alikesugarpills.Neitherthepatientsnorthedoctorsknewwhowasgettingwhichtreatmentuntiltheendoftheirparticipationinthestudy.Bytheendoftreatment,roughly89percentofthepatientsineachgroupwerecuredoftheirlunginfectionswithoutfurtherintervention.Inacommentaryaccompanyingthestudy,Dr.JohnPaul,amicrobiologistatSussexCountyHospitalinBrighton,England,writesthat,atleastforasubsetofpatientswithuncomplicated,community-acquiredpneumonia,thefinding"suggeststhatcurrentguidelinesrecommending7-10daysshouldberevised."AsleadinvestigatoroftheDutchstudy,Dr.Prinswasnotreadytogoquitethatfar.Hecitedthestudy'ssmallsizeandtheseriousnessoftheillnessasareasontowaituntilthefindingisindependentlyreplicatedbeforeadvisingawholesalechangeinpractice.【個(gè)人參考】全球范圍內(nèi)，關(guān)于大量使用抗生素足以消滅可惡的細(xì)菌的說(shuō)法正快速失勢(shì)，這引起了治療傳染病醫(yī)生的擔(dān)心，他們比以前更加關(guān)注藥物在急需情況下的使用情況。這些專(zhuān)科醫(yī)生知道每種抗生素都存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。一種抗生素，使用地越頻繁，越廣泛，那么有害的微生物越有可能耍花招，避開(kāi)它的影響。不過(guò)荷蘭的一組研究人員認(rèn)為人們對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)的認(rèn)識(shí)還有待提高，與美國(guó)周而復(fù)始地使用抗生素不同，荷蘭對(duì)于抗生素的使用更有選擇性，這樣細(xì)菌的抵抗力就更弱。阿姆斯特丹學(xué)術(shù)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的簡(jiǎn)·普潤(rùn)思醫(yī)生說(shuō)：“對(duì)醫(yī)生而言，我們把精力大都放到了何種感染病應(yīng)該使用何種抗生素治療，而很少關(guān)注治療的療程?！?月10號(hào)版的英國(guó)醫(yī)療雜志發(fā)表了一篇短小卻頗具煽動(dòng)性的研究報(bào)告，其中普潤(rùn)思醫(yī)生和9家醫(yī)院的其他醫(yī)生聲稱(chēng)對(duì)于肺炎這種對(duì)生命存在潛在威脅的疾病而言，有一些仍可以用抗生素進(jìn)行為期3天的治療，而不需用7－10天的傳統(tǒng)方法治療。荷蘭的這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)186名成人的肺炎治愈率進(jìn)行了分析，這些人都住在醫(yī)院，而且患有比較嚴(yán)重的肺炎，治療前三天都接受了阿莫西林的靜脈注射。之后，將出現(xiàn)明顯好轉(zhuǎn)的119名患者隨機(jī)分為2組；其中一組繼續(xù)進(jìn)行另一項(xiàng)為期5天的療程——口服阿莫西林，而另一組則口服糖衣藥片之類(lèi)的藥品。研究結(jié)束前，患者和醫(yī)生都不知道哪組進(jìn)行的哪項(xiàng)治療。治療結(jié)束后，每組中大約89％的肺炎患者得到治愈，無(wú)需接受進(jìn)一步的治療。在同時(shí)進(jìn)行的另一項(xiàng)評(píng)論性研究中，英國(guó)布萊頓蘇塞克斯醫(yī)院的微生物學(xué)家約翰·保爾醫(yī)生寫(xiě)道——至少對(duì)一部分沒(méi)有并發(fā)癥的社區(qū)獲得性肺炎病人來(lái)說(shuō)，現(xiàn)行的7－10天的治療方針要做修改。作為這項(xiàng)研究的首席研究員，普潤(rùn)思醫(yī)生還不準(zhǔn)備這么做。他認(rèn)為應(yīng)該等到這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)再次被獨(dú)立驗(yàn)證后，才建議對(duì)治療進(jìn)行大規(guī)模變更，原因是他所作的研究范圍較小，而且肺炎的危害程度不大。【試題2缺】【漢譯英】【試題一】四川從今年開(kāi)始將新建三個(gè)大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)，使全省的大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)達(dá)到40個(gè)，以確保50％左右的大熊貓棲息地和60％左右的野生大熊貓個(gè)體分布在保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)。四川省今年將建的保護(hù)區(qū)包括位于邛崍山系的蘆山縣黃水河大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)和位于大小相嶺的滎經(jīng)縣泡草灣大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)。同時(shí)，位于樂(lè)山市金口河區(qū)的八月林保護(hù)區(qū)正在審批中，有望在年內(nèi)獲準(zhǔn)建立。目前，四川省共有37個(gè)大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)，占地200多萬(wàn)公頃，其中國(guó)家級(jí)大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)11個(gè)。據(jù)第三次全國(guó)大熊貓普查，四川省野外的大熊貓數(shù)量為1206只，約占全國(guó)的76％。全省大熊貓棲息地面積達(dá)到177萬(wàn)公頃，占全國(guó)的77％。20世紀(jì)50年代，中國(guó)就創(chuàng)立了第一個(gè)以保護(hù)大熊貓為目的的自然保護(hù)區(qū)。1992年中國(guó)政府啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)旨在全面徹底保護(hù)大熊貓棲息地的“中國(guó)保護(hù)大熊貓及其棲息地工程”，1998年開(kāi)展了天然林保護(hù)、退耕還林等生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，這些工程開(kāi)展以后，大熊貓生存繁衍狀況明顯好轉(zhuǎn)。大熊貓是世界上最珍貴的瀕危動(dòng)物之一，被稱(chēng)為活化石。目前，野生大熊貓僅存1590只左右，主要分布在四川和陜西?！驹囶}二】能源是人類(lèi)社會(huì)賴以生存和發(fā)展的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。縱觀人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展的歷史，人類(lèi)文明的每一次重大進(jìn)步都伴隨著能源的改進(jìn)和更替。能源的開(kāi)發(fā)