山東省泰安市高三第一次模擬考試英語試卷

高三第一輪復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題本試卷由四個部分組成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題，共12頁。試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。考試結(jié)束后.將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項:1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考試科目涂寫在答題卡上。2.答選擇題時，每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。不能答在試卷上。3.答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題.從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemailwantodo?A.Getsomepaper. B.Makesomecopies. C.Replacethephotocopier.【答案】B【解析】【分析】W:Excuseme,butistheresomethingwrong?M:I’mgoingcrazy!There’spaperstuckinthisphotocopier.Ionlyneedafewcopies,andIcan’tgetittoworkagain.Oh,Idon’tevenknowwherethepaperjamis.【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略2.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheman?A.Awaiter. B.Anaccountant. C.Aprogrammer.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M:Ihatemyjob.IwanttoworksomewherewhereIdon’thavetowaittablesanddealwithpeopleeveryday.W:Yeah,getoutofcustomerservice!Youshouldbeanaccountantorworkonlinefromhome.【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略3.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Inapark. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inagym.【答案】A【解析】【分析】W:Goodmorning.Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!Youredoingyourmorningexercise,too,arentyou?M:Yes.I’vebeenjoggingforfifteenminutes.It’swonderfulhere.Freshair,clearskies,beautifulflowers...【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略4.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomanplainingabout?A.Thebadtraffic.B.Herearlyworkschedule.C.Theannoyingconstruction.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W:Theconstructioninfrontofourbuildinghasbeengoingonforabouttwomonthsnow,andit’sdrivingmecrazy!Plus,there’snoreasontheyneedtostartat7o’clockinthemorning.M:Trueenough.Let’sseewhatwecandoaboutit.I’lltalktothemfirstthinginthemorning.【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略5.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanprobablywin?A.Atelevision. B.$64incash. C.Aradio.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M:OK,thenumberis...M64.DoesanyonehavenumberM64?W:Oh,yes,I’vegotM64:Thisisamazing!I’veneverwonanythinglikethisbefore!I’msohappy!M:Well,you’llbeevenhappierwhenyoustartwatchingyourfavoriteprogramsonitathome!【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】6.Whenwastheflightsupposedtotakeoff?A.At8am. B.At11am. C.At2pm.7.Whatwillthespeakersfailtodo?A.Attendameeting.B.Meetsomecustomers.C.Gosightseeinginthecity.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】M:Cathy,youlookworried.Why?W:⑥AccordingtothescreenourfighttoSydneyhasbeendelayedby3hours,sonowwewon’tbeboardingtheplaneuntil2pm.Butwehaveameetingatnight.M:Thatshouldn’tbeaproblem.Themeetingwithourcustomersisn’tuntil8o’clock.⑦Unfortunatelywewon’thavetimetotakeatourofthecityasweplanned.Ihavebelookingforwardtoitforalongtime.W:Whatapity!However,wecanlookaroundnexttime.【6題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【7題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Bakingacake. B.Makingapizza. C.Eatingsomepopcorn.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Husbandandwife. C.Brotherandsister.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】M:Justsmellthat,willyou?Cool,isn’tit?W:Hmm...Ithinkit’llbegreat.M:Betterthanthatpopcornwemadewhenweburntthepan.Doyouremember?Mommadeuspromisenevertomakeitathomeagain.W:Shedidn’tneedto.Itwasseriouslybad.⑧We’lljusthavetoremembertogetthispizzaout.M:Yeah,in15minutesit’llbeready.W:Yes.Whatdoyouthinkweshouldhavefordessert?Ifancysomecakes.M:Let,smakeone.【8題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【9題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】10.Wheredoesthewomanefrom?A.Japan. B.Kenya. C.China.11.Howisthewoman’scountrydifferentfromothercountries?A.Kidslikeplasticpaperhalls.B.Kidsareallgoodsoccerplayers.C.Kidsmakesoccerballsthemselves.12.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Abankclerk. B.Asoccerplayer. C.Ahighschoolstudent.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】M:Flora,whenyouwerelittle,whatdidyouliketodo?W:WhenIwassmallandIwasatjuniorhighschoolIusedtolikeplayingsoccerwithmyfriends.⑩ActuallyinKenya,what’sdifferentfromothercountriesisweusedtomakeourownsoccerballtoplay.So,itwasveryeasy.M:Wow.Howdidyoumakethesoccerballs?W:Weusedtocollectlikeplasticandpaperandbind(綁)themwithstringtomakesomethinground.Soitwaslike,youdidnthavetospendanymoney.M:Wow,that’sIngenious(靈巧的).That’sgreat.Sowereyouagoodsoccerplayer?W:Notreally.IusedtolikeplayingsoccerbutIwasnotverygoodactually,totellthetruth.M:Yeah,likeme.Iwasn’taverygoodathlete.ImeanIlikesportsbutIwasneververygood.Um,sodoyouplaysoccerinJapan?W:Sometimes...?Rightnow,actuallyI,’mnotplayinganymorebecausetheworkinthebanktakesupmuchofmytime.【10題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【11題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【12題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】13.HowoldisCorey?A.7yearsold. B.16yearsold. C.19yearsold.14.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritehobbynow?A.Skiing. B.Swimming. C.Acting.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofplayingputergames?A.Ithelpshermakefriends. B.It’sawasteoftime. C.It’srelaxing.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.HaveanEnglishclass.B.Gototheteacher’soffice.C.Meetthewoman’sfriends.【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A【解析】W:Whereareyoufrom,Corey?M:ImfromCanada.I’vejustmovedhere.W:Canada!Areyougoodatwintersportsthen?M:Yeah,Ilovewintersportsverymuch,suchasskiingandsnowboarding.Ialsolikeicediving.W:Wow!Thatsoundsquiteexciting!M:Yeah.?I’vebeendoingthatfor7years,sinceIwas9.Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?W:Well,swimmingusedtobemyfavoritehobby.?ButnowIspendmostofmysparetimeintheactingclubIjoinedlastyearandIreallylovethetheaterIreallywanttobeanactressoneday.Haveyougotanyotherhobbies?M:Um,IguessIenjoyplayingonlineputergames.Ifeelquiterelaxedwhenplayingthegamesandithelpsmemakenewfriends.Howaboutyou?Doyouspendmuchtimeonline?W:Well,F’mnotinterestedinputergames.?Ithinkitmakesnosensespendingtimeplayingsomethingwithstrangers.Ipreferchattingfacetofacewithmyfriends.M:Ilikechattingwithfriendstoo.W:?Oh,it’stimeforclass.OurEnglishteacherising.AfterclassI’llintroduceyoutosomeofmyfriends.【13題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【14題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【15題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【16題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeechabout?A.Schoolactivities. B.Travelingplans. C.Outdoorcourses.18.Wherewillthestudentsvisitthistime?A.Alake. B.Aforest. C.Abeach.19.Whatwillthestudentslearntodo?A.Makeabirdhouse. B.Designbackpacks. C.Feedbirds.20.Howmanyhourswillthestudentsspendin“Nature”?A.12. B.24. C.36.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.C【解析】M:Hello,everyone.Myname’sBen.I’mfromagroupcalled“Name”.Weruncoursesforyoungpeoplelikeyoutododuringweekends.NowI’dliketotellyouaboutthecoursesyoucandoonSaturdaymornings.Youcanlearnalotaboutthingslikescienceandmathsatschool.Thesecoursesarereallyaboutgivingyoustudentsthechancetoeandfindoutwildlife.It’sanareathattendstogetforgotten.Weusuallytakestudentstoawildplacethat’sneartheirhome.Sometimeswegotoabeachoralake,?butwe’veplannedforyoutogotoaforestthistime.That’stheclosestplaceforyou,andtheeasiesttogetto.Takingpartinouractivitiesmeansyougettodoallsortsofthingsincludingbuildingafire,whichyouwouldn’tnormallybeallowedtodoathome.Whileyou’rewithus,we’llalsoshowyouhowtomakethingsoutofdifferentmaterials.Onthelastcourse,everyonedesignedbackpackswhichtheywereverypleasedwith.?Thistimewe’dgetyoutodesignandmakeabirdhouse.Whenitisfinished,youcantakeithomeandshowittoyourfamily.Wethinkyou’llreallyenjoythis.Now,we’dlikeyoutoeanddosomeactivitieswithus.?Youspendthreehourseachweekwithusandthecourseslastfor12weeks.Thatmightsoundalongtime,butwethinkyou’llnotbesorrywhenit’sover.Now,anyquestions?【17題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【18題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【19題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略【20題詳解】此為聽力題，解析略第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheGiftofLifeMostcouplesdemonstratetheirloveonFebruary14withflowersorchocolates.Butthesefourmenandwomenhaveofferedtheultimatelovinggesture—thegiftoflife.Eachsacrificehasenabledtheirlovedonestolivefullandactivelivesagainafterseriousillness.I’DDoTHESAMEFORHERMicheleJohnson，53，hasbeenmarriedtoGay，57，for26years.Withherhusbandsufferingfromacongenital(先天性的)kidneycondition，in2013Michelegavehimoneofhem.Gaysaid:“Ineededtobehookeduptoadialysis(透析，IfeltgreatassoonasIwokeupaftertheoperation.ItoldherI’ddothesameforher.”ILOVEBRENDATOBITSBrendaGreen，62，metherhusbandKeith，63，whenshewas24andtheymarriedfiveyearslater.WhenBrendawastoldfiveyearsagosheneededakidneytransplant，Ⅱgiveyoumine.”Keithsaidwithouthesitation.“BrendaismywifeandIlovehertobits.”MYWIFE’SMYHEROStephenHeavyside，61，andwifePatricia，62，havebeenmarriedfor40years.Stephensaid:“Iwasdiagnosedwithadultpolycystickidneydiseasefiveyearsago.Patriciatookgoodcareofmeanddonatedakidney.Thishasbroughtusevencloser.”Hesaid“Patricia’sgiftchangedmylife.Sheismyhero.”DECISIONWASEASYAnnaStevens，48，andhusbandGary，53，ofWatford，Herts，havebeenwedfor23years.Annadonatedakidneytoherhusband.Shesaidofthetransplant:“ItwastheeasiestdecisionI’veevermade.”Garysaid.“There’sonlytwowordsthatIcanusetodescribeher:Myangel.”21.HowwasMicheleJohnson’shusbandbeforetheoperation?A.Hesuddenlysufferedfromkidneydisease.B.Hehadtobeondialysisalongtime.C.Hedidn’twanttoliveanylonger.D.Hefeltgreatinspiteofthesickness.22.WhydidStephenHeavysidesayherwifewashishero?A.Theyhadbeenmarriedforalongtime.B.Theyhadgotalongwellwitheachother.C.Shetookgoodcareofhimafterhegotill.D.Herecoveredbecauseofhiswife’sgift.23.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourcouples?A.Fourwivesdonatedtheirkidneystotheirhusbands.B.Theyhadallbeenmarriedmorethan20years.C.Thepatientssufferedfromcongenitalkidneydisease.D.Theydemonstratetheirlovewithflowersorchocolates.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章提到了四對結(jié)婚超過20年的夫妻，在一方配偶遭受疾病困擾的情況下，細心照料，甚至不惜捐贈自己的身體器官來挽救配偶的故事?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第三段第一句“Gaysaid:“Ineededtobehookeduptoadialysis(透析)machine.Ihadnoqualityoflifeatall.However，IfeltgreatassoonasIwokeupaftertheoperation.ItoldherI’ddothesameforher.””可知MicheleJohnson的丈夫Gay在手術(shù)前很長一段時間必須做透析，故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第五段第二句“Stephensaid:“Iwasdiagnosedwithadultpolycystickidneydiseasefiveyearsago.Patriciatookgoodcareofmeanddonatedakidney.Thishasbroughtusevencloser.””可知StephenHeavyside的妻子照顧他并捐贈了一個腎給他，因此他將妻子視為他的英雄，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。分析四段介紹可知每一對夫妻的結(jié)婚時間都超過了20年，故B選項正確；第四段第二句：Brendawastoldfiveyearsagosheneededakidneytransplant.可知Brenda夫妻中是妻子Brenda需要腎移植，故A選項中“四位妻子都捐了腎給他們的丈夫”的說法是錯誤的，故排除；分析文章，以及根據(jù)第三段第一句“Withherhusbandsufferingfromacongenital(先天性的)kidneycondition”可知只有MicheleJohnson的丈夫患有先天性的腎疾病，故C選項“所有的病人都患有先天性腎疾病”是錯誤的，故排除C選項；根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，這四對夫妻都是通過對彼此的照顧和捐贈器官的方式來表達自己的愛意的，并沒有用愛和巧克力來宣告彼此的愛情，故D選項錯誤。綜上，最終選B。BDoesyourschoolhaveanyproblemswithdiscipline?Whathappenswhenstudentsstepoutofline?Herearesomeexamplesofbadbehaviour:◎Playingtruant(missingschoolwithoutpermissionfromparents).◎Stealing，smoking，hitting，swearing(說臟話)，running，kissing.◎Cheatinginexams.◎Callingateacheroranotherpupilbadnames.◎Notdoinghomework.◎Notlisteningornotpayingattentioninlessons.◎Wearingunsuitableclothes.HerearesomeofthewaysthatUKschoolchildrencanbepunished:Exclusion:apupilisaskedtoleavetheschoolandnoteback.Thepupilhastofindanewschooloradifferentmethodofeducation.Suspension:apupilcannotenterthebuildingorattendlessonsuntiltheschoolhasameetingabouttheirsituation.Suspensioncanlastfromoneto45days.Thepupilisusuallygivenworktodoathomewithaspecialteacher.Detention:apupilisaskedtostayafterschoolandworkfor30—60minutesbeforetheyCanleave.Lines:apupilhastowriteasentencemanytimes(e.g.100ormore)onasheetofpaper，e，g，“Imustnotshoutinclass”.FreyaMacDonald，a15yearoldpupilfromScotland，madethenewswhensherefusedtoacceptherschool’spunishment.Herfamilysaysthatshewasgiven11detentionsfortrivialthingsinclassandingintoschoolthroughafiredoor.FreyasaysthatrepeateddetentionsdisruptedherfighttoaneducationunderScottishlawandmadeitdifficultforhertolearn.Sherefusedtoreturnuntiltheschoolrespectedhercivilrights.Shewantstheheadmasterandherteacherstosignalettertopromisethis.HundredsofschoolsinScotlandweretoldnottousedetentionasapunishmentbecauseofherlegalaction.ManyUKschoolsnowgiveparentsahomeschoolcontract，explainingtheirdisciplineandrules.Parentsmustsignthisdocumenttoagreethattheyaccepttheschool’srulesanddisciplineandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirchild’sbehaviour.24.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Someexamplesofbadbehaviourinschoo1.B.mondisciplineandrulesinUKschools.C.HowUKschoolsdisciplineandpunishstudents.D.WhatUKparentsthinkofschoolpunishment.25.WhatdoweknowaboutsuspensioninUKschools?A.Itisthemostseriouspunishmentforstudents.B.Apupilisnotpermittedtoebacktoschoo1.C.Itforcesstudentstowriteacriticalselfreview.D.Apupilcanebackwithinoneandhalfamonth.26.WhatdidFreya’slegalactionresultin?A.Shedidn’twanttostudyata11.B.Manyschoolscancelleddetentiontopunishstudents.C.Shedidn’tstepoutoflineafterthat.D.Teacherssignedalettertorespecthercivilrights.27.WhydomanyUKschoolssignacontractwithparents?A.Tomakeiteasyforstudentstolearn.B.Tohelpparentsknowaboutschoolrules.C.Toshareresponsibilityfortheirchild’sactions.D.Toavoidtheirownresponsibilityforeducation.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了英國學(xué)校懲罰孩子的一些方式，包括：開除、停學(xué)、留堂。并且學(xué)校會與家長簽訂協(xié)議，為了使家長為孩子的行為承擔(dān)責(zé)任?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二個黑色標(biāo)題“HerearesomeofthewaysthatUKschoolchildrencanbepunished”以及后文主要為介紹英國學(xué)校懲罰孩子的一些方式，故文章主要討論了英國學(xué)校如何懲罰學(xué)生的，故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第六段倒數(shù)第二句“Suspensioncanlastfromoneto45days.”可知停學(xué)可以持續(xù)一天到四十五天不等，即學(xué)生最長可以在一個半月后回到學(xué)生。故選D?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“HundredsofschoolsinScotlandweretoldnottousedetentionasapunishmentbecauseofherlegalaction.”可知由于她的法律行動，蘇格蘭數(shù)百所學(xué)校被告知不準(zhǔn)將留堂作為一種懲罰。故選B?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。最后一段最后一句“Parentsmustsignthisdocumenttoagreethattheyaccepttheschool’srulesanddisciplineandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirchild’sbehaviour.”可知英國的學(xué)校和父母簽訂合約是為了和父母為他們孩子的行為承擔(dān)責(zé)任，故選C。CToday，weareconstantlybombardedwithmediareportsaboutresearchontherightdiettofollowtohelpusmaintainahealthylifestyleorloseweight—butit’shardtoknowwhichonetopickand，oncechosen，it'sharderstilltosticktoit.Andnowthere’sanotherchoicetogetourteethinto.Aflexitarian(彈性素食者)dietinvolveseatingplant—basedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeatandfish.Thiseatingstyleallowsyoutosupplementsomeingredientsthatyouwouldn’tgetinastrictervegan(素食主義者)diet—anothertrendgrowinginpopularity.Andlikeveganism，flexitarianismisn’tabouteatingcarefullytohelpyouloseafewpounds—it’ssomethingpeoplechooseforethicalreasons，tohelptheplanet.Andastudyintotheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate，hasfoundthateatingmainlyplantbasedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallby2050.Thisresearchfoundthatfoodwastewillneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprovetoachievethis.Butwithoutasinglesolution，abinedapproachisneeded.DrMarcoSpringmannfromtheUniversityofOxfordwasoneoftheleadauthorsofthereport.HetoldtheBBC“Wereallyfoundthatabinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant—baseddiets.”Butwhereasvegansthinkit'swrongforanimalstobekilledforfood，flexitariansbelieveeatingmeatonceinawhileisacceptable.AndDrSpringmannagrees—aslongaswe“treatitasaluxury，it’sprobablyOKbutyoushouldn’thavemorethanoneservingofredmeat，whichincludesbeefandpork，perweek.”Andhere’sanotherfacttodigest:Ifwemovedtothistypeofdiet，thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissionsfromagriculturewouldbecutbymorethanhalf.28.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothetopic. B.Toentertainthereaders.C.Toaskforinformation. D.Topresentanidea.29.Fromthetext，wecanknowthataflexitariandiet__________.A.isthemostpopulareatingstyle B.involveseatingnomeatC.benefitstheenvironment D.onlybalancesthenutrition30.WhatdoesDrMarcoSpringmannagreewith?A.It’swrongtokillanimalsforfood.B.Improvingfarmingpracticesmakesnosense.C.Aplantbaseddiethasnothingtodowithclimatechange.D.binedmeasuresareneededforenvironmentalprotection.31.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Methodsofkeepingfit B.ChooseaflexitariandietC.Measurestoprotecttheenvironment D.Keepastrictvegandiet【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了一種可以幫助我們保持健康的生活方式或者減肥的飲食方式：彈性素食者飲食，它包括吃植物性食物，偶爾吃肉和魚。作者指出這種飲食方式將有益于保護環(huán)境?！?8題詳解】判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段“Today，weareconstantlybombardedwithmediareportsaboutresearchontherightdiettofollowtohelpusmaintainahealthylifestyleorloseweight—butit’shardtoknowwhichonetopickand，oncechosen，it'sharderstilltosticktoit.Andnowthere’sanotherchoicetogetourteethinto.”段意：今天，我們不斷地被各種各樣的媒體報道，這些報道都是關(guān)于研究正確的飲食來幫助我們保持健康的生活方式或減肥的。但很難知道選擇哪一種，一旦選擇了，就更難堅持下去?，F(xiàn)在我們有另一個選擇。段落先是引出話題，接著由最后一句引出下文，故第一段的目的是引出主題。故選A。【29題詳解】判斷推理題。第二段最后一句“Andastudyintotheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate，hasfoundthateatingmainlyplantbasedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallby2050.”可知一項針對全球糧食系統(tǒng)和它如何影響氣候,發(fā)現(xiàn)主要吃植物性食物是三個關(guān)鍵步驟之一,在2050年一個可持續(xù)發(fā)展的未來。由此可推理從文章中我們可以知道彈性素食者飲食能有益于環(huán)境，故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Wereallyfoundthatabinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant—baseddiets.”從DrMarcoSpringmann的話中可知他贊成環(huán)境保護需要綜合措施。故選D。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，主要為說明彈性素食者飲食的優(yōu)點，它有益于環(huán)境，可以減少溫室氣體的排放，因此最好的標(biāo)題是“選擇彈性素食者飲食”，故選B。DDevelopedbyresearchersanddesignersspecializingintypography(印刷術(shù))andbehavioralscience，SansForgeticaisanewfont(字體)designedtohelpreadersbetterremembertheinformationtheyreadbyforcingthemtospendabitmoretimeoneachword，ThedesignofSansForgeticaisbasedonafontcalledAlbion，butwithsubstantialmodifications(修改)toreducefamiliarityandattainitsgoalofengagingthebrainmoreandhelpingthereaderretain(保留)moreinformation.ItwasdevelopedbyscientistsatRMITUniversityinMelbourne，Australia，whobelieveitcouldhelpstudentsstudyingforexams.“Webelievethisisthefirsttimethatspecificprinciplesofdesigntheoryhavebeenbinedwithspecificprinciplesofpsychologytheoryinordertocreateafont，”BehavioraleconomistJoPerymantoldDW.Iffontsaretoofamiliar，readersoftenglanceoverthemwithouttheirbraincreatingmaymemoriesofwhatwasread.Atthesametime，ifafontistoooutlandish，thebrainhastostruggletoomuchtodecipher(破譯)itwhileneglectingtheretentionofinformation.Accordingtoitsdevelopers，“SansForgeticaliesatasweetspotwherejustenoughobstaclehasbeenaddedtocreatethatmemoryretention.”Itsmodificationsforcereaderstospendmoretime，butnottoomuchtime，readingeachword，allowingthebraintoengageindeepercognitiveprocessing.SodoesSansForgeticaactuallywork?Doesithelpreadersbetterremembertheinformationtheyread?Sofar，studieshaveshownthatitcanmakeadifference，althoughnotasignificantone.Oneexperimenthad96participantsrecallwordpairspresentedinthreedifferentfonts.Theyremembered69percentofthewordpairswritteninSansForgetica，paredto61percentfortheotherfonts.Inadifferentexperiment，303studentstookamock(模擬)multiplechoiceexam，andwheneverthetextwaspresentedinSansForgetica，theyremembered57percentofthetext，paredtoonly50percentofthesurroundingtextwritteninArialfont.SoSansForgeticawon’tgiveyouthememoryofanelephant，butifyou’rethekindofpersonwhobelieveseverylittlebithelps，itmightbeworthatry.32.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewfont?A.Itisnotbeneficialtothestudy.B.ItismoreadvancedthanAlbionfont.C.It’sbasedonprinciplesofpsychologytheory.D.Ithelpsreadersbetterremembertheinformation.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outlandish”inparagraph4mean?A.Strange. B.Contradictory. C.Splendid. D.Ugly.34.What’sthemainideaofparagraph4?A.WhySansForgeticaispopular. B.Thedisadvantagesofthenewfont.C.HowSansForgeticaworks. D.Theuniquecharacterofthenewfont.35.Whyaretwoexperimentsmentionedinparagraph6?A.Toadvertisethenewfont.B.ToproveSansForgeticaiseffective.C.ToshowArialfontissuccessful.D.ToexplainhowSansForgeticaservesreaders.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了一種新字體SansForgetica字體，通過強迫讀者在每個單詞上花更多的時間來幫助他們更好地記住所讀的信息。并通過兩組實驗對比證明了其有效性?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第一段最后一句“SansForgeticaisanewfont(字體)designedtohelpreadersbetterremembertheinformationtheyreadbyforcingthemtospendabitmoretimeoneachword”可知SansForgetica這種新字體通過強迫讀者在每個單詞上花更多的時間來幫助他們更好地記住所讀的信息，即它可以幫助讀者更好地記憶信息，故選D。【33題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“thebrainhastostruggletoomuchtodecipher(破譯)itwhileneglectingtheretentionofinformation”句意：當(dāng)大腦忽略了信息的保留時，它不得不努力去理解它。可推理上文劃線部分的詞語意思應(yīng)為“陌生的”，A.Strange陌生的；B.Contradictory矛盾的；C.Splendid燦爛的；D.Ugly丑陋的。故選A?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第一、二句“SansForgeticaliesatasweetspotwherejustenoughobstaclehasbeenaddedtocreatethatmemoryretention.”Itsmodificationsforcereaderstospendmoretime，butnottoomuchtime，readingeachword，allowingthebraintoengageindeepercognitiveprocessing.可知為說明SansForgetica字體的工作原理，是設(shè)置恰到好處的障礙，迫使讀者花更多的時間閱讀每個單詞，以讓大腦進行更深層次的認(rèn)知過程。故第四段的大意是說明SansForgetica字體如何工作的，故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第二句“Theyremembered69percentofthewordpairswritteninSansForgetica，paredto61percentfortheotherfonts.”可知第一組實驗中參與者記住了69%用SansForgetica字體寫的詞組，而其他字體這一比例為61%；和最后一句“theyremembered57percentofthetext，paredtoonly50percentofthesurroundingtextwritteninArialfont”可知第二組實驗中用SansForgetica字體的一組記住了57%，而Arial字體的一組只有50%。由此可以推理第六段提到兩組實驗的目的是證明SansForgetica字體的有效性。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Itcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.___36___Mostpeople，atonetimeoranother，havebeenonthereceivingendofarandomactofkindness.Inasometimescoldworldwherepeoplecanbesofocusedonwhatthey’redoing，arandomactofkindnesscanmakeallthedifference.Theycanberelativelyinsignificant.HannahBaileyfromLondon，forexample，toldtheMetronewspaperabouthowshewasgivenherfruitandvegetableshoppingforfree.Thesellerdidherakindnesswhenitemergedshedidn’thaveanychangetopay.___37___ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled‘caffèsospeso’.Whenbuyingcoffee，apersonwhohasrecentlybeenluckywouldpurchasetwocupsbutonlydrinkone，leavingthesecondoneanonymously(匿名)，outofthegoodnessoftheirheart，forapoorpersontoclaimforfree.___38___However，insomecases，，forexample，theunnamedmuter，whoinJune2018felloffastationplatformontoanelectricrailwaytrackinToronto，Canada.Aquickthinking，hutevennowunknown，bystanderselflesslyleaptdowntopullhimtosafety.So，whydoit?___39___Thepeoplenevermeetagain.AccordingtoUKcharityTheMentalHealthFoundation，actslikethesecan“giveourlivesnewpurpose，showusotherperspectivesonourownproblemsandevenmakeusfeelcontent.”___40___Holdopenadoorforsomeone，deliverapliment—evengiveupyourseatonabus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.Ittakesallkinds.Itneedn’tbeanythinghuge.Oneday，whetheryouneeditornot，someonemighthelpyouinyourhourofneed.A.Sogiveitatry.B.Bebravetofacechallenges.，theactsaren’tpaidback.D.Shewashappyaboutitallday.E.Shewasinlowspiritsthewholeday.F.Thistraditionisnowmoremonworldwide.’softenunexpected，butalmostneverunappreciated.【答案】36.G37.D38.F39.C40.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了善舉通常是意料之外的，但幾乎從未被忽視過。并列舉了一些世界各地人們受到他人善舉的事件和傳統(tǒng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.”（它可以發(fā)生在任何時間任何地點）可推理這是不可預(yù)測的，故可對應(yīng)到G選項中的“unexpected”，即它通常不可預(yù)測，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesellerdidherakindnesswhenitemergedshedidn’thaveanychangetopay.”句意：當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)她沒有零錢可付時，賣家?guī)土怂粋€忙。由上文中的代詞she可對應(yīng)到D選項：她為這件事開心了一整天。上下文連貫通順，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段第一句“ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled‘caffèsospeso’.”可知本段講述的是那不勒斯市有一個悠久的傳統(tǒng)叫“索斯披索咖啡”。后文為描述這一傳統(tǒng)給出的例子，本空位于段尾，起總結(jié)作用，根據(jù)段首第一句中“tradition”可對應(yīng)到F選項：這一傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在在世界范圍內(nèi)更為普遍。故選F。【39題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thepeoplenevermeetagain.”這些人再也不會遇見，可知這種行為是得不到回報的，故可對應(yīng)到C選項：通常，這種行為是不會被回報的。故選C。【40題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Holdopenadoorforsomeone，deliverapliment—evengiveupyourseatonabus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.”祈使句列出一些具體的善舉行為可知，本空應(yīng)是提出建議“試一試吧”，故選A。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Itwasmanyyearsago.Iwasacollege___41___withadegreebutnojob.MysubstituteteachingworkhaddriedupandIwasgetting___42___.Ihadafamilytofeedandlittlemoneyleft.___43___，myoldestbrotherhadbeenabletogetmea___44___atthelocallumbermillwhereheworked.WhileIwas___45___，myfirstdaytherewasquiteablowtomyego(自尊).Thejob___46___barelyaboveminimumwage.Theworkwashardandbackbreaking.Itwasfullof___47___，lifting，andcarryingheavywoodforeighthoursaday.Splinters(木屑)weresoonmybestpalsandeverydayIwenthome___48___andexhausted.Whenwinterarrivedmyglovestoreandmyfingerssplitand___49___inthecoldair.Ifoundmyselfusingmorebandaids(創(chuàng)可貼)andducttapethanIever___50___Iwouldjusttokeepmyhandsworking.Theturnoverrateatthemillbecameso___51___thatattheen