【原創(chuàng)】語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題語(yǔ)法倒裝句

Welcometoourclass!倒裝句語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題

英語(yǔ)句子通常有兩種語(yǔ)序：一種是陳述語(yǔ)序，一種是倒裝語(yǔ)序。英語(yǔ)的一般語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，如果把謂語(yǔ)的全部或是一部分放在主語(yǔ)之前，這種語(yǔ)序稱(chēng)為倒裝。

倒裝有兩種形式：謂語(yǔ)全部放在主語(yǔ)之前叫完全倒裝；只將助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞提前叫部分倒裝。

基本語(yǔ)序naturalordersubject主+predicate謂+object賓

Ilikemusic倒裝語(yǔ)序完全倒裝部分倒裝predicate+subject助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞+subject+v+…完全倒裝fullinversion部分倒裝partialinversionHerecametheheadmaster.NeverwillIforgiveyou.句子為什么要使用倒裝呢？表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。承上啟下。平衡結(jié)構(gòu)。增強(qiáng)句子的表現(xiàn)力。制造懸念，渲染氣氛。?熟讀深思觀察句子，說(shuō)出他們是哪種情況下的倒裝。(1)Herecomesthebus.(2)Inshecame.(3)Underthedeskisafootball.(4)Sucharethefacts.(5)Therestandsanancienttoweronthetopofthemountain.(6)PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandmanyotherguests.全部倒裝用于therebe句型。

Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)arethere之后原句自然順序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.There_______attheentrancetothevalley.A.didanoldpinetreestand B.stoodanoldpinetreeC.didstoodanoldpinetree D.standanoldpinetree其中be可換為appear，enter，come，exist，happen，lie，live，remain，seem，stand等動(dòng)詞。①Thereexistsomeseriousproblemsinthemanagementofthecompany.②

Therelivedakinginlonglongago.Therecomesthebell.鈴聲響了。(2)由副詞here，there，now，thus，then或in，out，away，up，off，down，back，over等開(kāi)頭的句子，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be，come，follow，go，begin等，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)。表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Practice1.Theplaneflewdown.Down______________2.Thecatjumpedup.Up________________3.Ourteachercamein.___________________4.Anewproblemcamethen._____________________5.Thethiefranaway.___________________

flewtheplane.

jumpedthecat.Incameourteacher.Thencameanewproblem.Awayranthethief.Theboywentaway.Hewentaway.Awaywenttheboy.Awayhewent.？注：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)主謂不倒裝.--Look.There_______.--Oh,there_________.comeshebus,comesitB.thebuscomes,itcomesC.Comesthebus,itcomesD.Thebuscomes,comesitPracticeInfrontofthepoolstandsahugestone.Outsidetheroomsitsalittledog.Onthetopofthehillstandsatower.完全倒裝（completeinversion）Rule2:表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)Alittlegirlsatunderatree.Underatree___________.

satalittlegirlAcrosstheriver___.A.liesanew-builtbridgeB.liesanewly-builtbridgeC.anewbuiltbridgelies D.anewlybuiltbridgelies3.表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí),倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)采用“表語(yǔ)＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.2)過(guò)去分詞＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)

Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.3)現(xiàn)在分詞＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)

Growingalloverthemountainarewildflowers.4.such作表語(yǔ)，置于句首，意為“……就是如此”。Suchwerehiswords.＝Suchwaswhathesaid.他就是這樣說(shuō)的。Seeingthepolicemancoming,away.A.theboysran B.rantheboysC.didtheboysrun D.theboysrun“WhereisKate?”“Look,_____.Sheisattheschoolgate.”A.theresheis B.thereissheC.hereyouare D.hereitis___arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone B.GoC.Togo D.Going熟讀深思觀察句子，說(shuō)出他們是哪種情況下的倒裝(1)Bynomeanscanhecatchupinsuchashorttime.(2)Heisactiveinpersonality,andseldomdoeshestayindoors.(3)HardlyhadIgottotheairportwhentheplanetookoff.(4)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.熟讀深思(5)NeitherdidIwanttoseethefilmnordidIbuytheticket.(6)OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.(7)WereIthere,theywouldlistentome.(8)SuchacleverboywasJackthathewasabletoworkoutallthesedifficultproblems.(9)NotonlydoeshelikeEnglish,butalsohelearnsitwell.①Onlyonthetopofthemountain

canyouseethetower.②Onlythen

didheknowtheimportanceofknowledge.③Onlywhenhetoldmethenews

didIknowwhathadhappened.部分倒裝（partialinversion）Rule1:Only修飾的副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。1.YoucanmakeprogressinEnglishonlyinthisway.Onlyinthisway___you____progressinEnglish.2.IrealizedhowmuchIlovedthemonlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly

I

howmuchIlovedthem.canmake

did

realize3.只有我們自己才能拯救自己。Onlyweourselvescansaveourselves.注：only修飾主語(yǔ)，仍用自然語(yǔ)序。Practice部分倒裝（partialinversion）①NeverhaveyoubeentoJapanbefore.②Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.③Hardlyhadhefinishedhishomeworkwhenhewentout.④LittledidIknowwhenItookthetrip.Rule2:表示否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí),句子使用部分倒裝。常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)詞或短語(yǔ)有：never,

not,seldom,hardly,little,nowhere,rarely,bynomeansinnocase,innoway,atnotime,onnocondition,undernocircumstances等。①Undernocircumstancesshouldwegiveuphope②Littledidheknowwhathappened.Hedidn’tfinishhishomeworkuntilhismothercameback.Notuntilyougettherewill

you

realizeitsrealbeauty.注：notuntil引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首，引起主句部分倒裝。前不倒后倒Notuntil

hismothercameback

didhefinish

hishomework.Notonly

doeshedowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.Hedoesnotonlydowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.前倒后不倒類(lèi)似用法的還有：Nosooner…than,Hardly/Scarcely…whenShehadnosoonergoneoutthanthetelephonerang.hadshe

goneoutthanthetelephonerang.Ihadhardlygottothebusstationwhenthebusstarted.

hadIgottothebusstationwhenthebusstarted.NosoonerHardly1.Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.

A.thegamebegan

B.hasthegamebegun

C.didthegamebegin

D.hadthegamebegun2.Notonly______pollutedbut______crowded.A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;werethestreetsC.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;thestreetswerePractice部分倒裝（partialinversion）Mostofyouhaven’tbeenthere,neitherhaveI.Hesingswell,sodoesshe.Rule3:表示前面所說(shuō)的情況，也適合于另一人或物?？隙ň溆胹o，否定句用neither/nor，句式如下：So/Neither(Nor)+系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)。他喜歡讀書(shū)，我也是．Helikesreadingverymuch._______SodoI.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)北京大學(xué)，他也是．IhaveneverbeentoPekingUniversity,and_______________.

neither/norhashe1.Helikesdancing._______.A.Sohissisterdoes.B.Sodoeshissister.C.SohissisterisD.Soishissister.2-Youforgotyourpursewhenyouwentout.-Goodheavens,_______.A.sodidIB.soIdidC.IdidsoD.Isodid表示對(duì)上述情況的認(rèn)同，確實(shí)如此，不用倒裝--Heisagoodboy.--Soheis./Soishe.注：So+主語(yǔ)+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“某人確實(shí)如此”1.Nancyworksinashopand___.A.sodoesAlanB.soAlantoodoesC.thatdoesAlantooD.thatAlantoodoes2.Sheneverlaughed,____losehertemper.A.orsheeverdid B.nordidsheeverC.ordidsheever D.norsheeverdid

1.So/such…that句型中的so/such部分位于句首時(shí)，需部分倒裝。e.g.:①Sofrightened

washethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.②Suchanoblepersonishethatpeopleallrespecthim.其他倒裝（otherinversions）Sodifficult____ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound2.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句（as可用though代替）

as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句必須將表語(yǔ)

或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞,副詞,名詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。

1.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.

Childasheis,heknowsalot.

Rule①:n+as/though+s+vNote:名詞提前，必須把冠詞省略。2.Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.Youngasheis,heknowsalot.

Rule②:adj+as/though+s+v3.Thoughhetriedhard,hecouldn'tliftthestone.Hardashetried,hecouldn'tliftthestone.Rule③:adv++as/though+s+vTryashemight,hecouldn'tliftthestone.4.Thoughhemighttry,hecouldn'tliftthestone.Rule④:v+as/though+s+情動(dòng)/助動(dòng)詞3.在某些表示祝愿的句型中：例如：Mayyousucceed.4.在虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有were,had,should等詞，可將if省略，把were,had,should移到主語(yǔ)之前，采用部分倒裝。

例如：①I(mǎi)fIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

②Ifyouhadcomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.Hadyoucomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.③IfIshouldhavealotofmoney,Iwouldbuyit.ShouldI

havealotofmoney,Iwouldbuyit.5.在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain

等方式或頻度副詞(短語(yǔ))開(kāi)頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如:①M(fèi)anyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.

②Oftenhavewemadethattest.Manyatime________swimmingalone.

A.theboywent

B.wenttheboy

C.didtheboygo

D.didgotheboy倒裝句的考點(diǎn)倒裝全部倒裝部分倒裝2.在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子里。

3.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。1、Only+狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)2.否定副詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)3、So\Neither\Nor位于句首時(shí)4、特殊句式1.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)。倒裝口訣速記：副詞開(kāi)頭要倒裝，人稱(chēng)代詞則如常。

only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝。否定意義副連詞，“既不……也不”需倒裝。表語(yǔ)前置主語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)，銜接自然常倒裝。

such代詞作表語(yǔ)，引起主謂要倒裝。

notonly開(kāi)頭句，前一分句需倒裝。

had，were，should虛擬句，省略if半倒裝。倒裝句的考點(diǎn)倒裝全部倒裝部分倒裝2.在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子里。

3.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。1、Only+狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)2.否定副詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)3、So\Neither\Nor位于句首時(shí)4、特殊句式1.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)。1.【2012江西卷】Neverbefore

seenanybodywhocanplaytennisaswellasRobert.A．hadshe B．shehad C．hasshe D．shehas2.【2012重慶卷】Theheadmasterwillnotpermitthechangeinthecourse,nor______itathought.A.doesheevengivenB.heevengivesC.willhebeevengivenD.hewillevengiven高考再現(xiàn)3.【2012遼寧卷】Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsago

havingaholidayabroad.A.hehadconsideredB.hadheconsideredC.heconsideredD.didheconsider4.【2012四川卷】Thisisnotmystory,nor______thewholestory.Mystoryplaysoutdifferently.A.isthereB.thereisC.isitD.itis5.【2012天津卷】OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime_________thespellingmistakeA.didshenotice B.shenoticed C.doesshenotice D.shehasnoticed6.【2011全國(guó)卷I28】Onlywhenhereachedthetea-house______itwasthesameplacehe’dbeeninlastyear.A.herealizedB.hedidrealizeC.realizedheD.didherealize7.【2011全國(guó)卷I】Try____shemight,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.as8.【2011福建卷】—It’snice.Neverbefore____suchaspecialdrink!—I’mgladyoulikeit.A.IhavehadB.IhadC.haveIhadD.hadI9.【2011湖南卷】Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforafewhours_______adecisionA.theyreachedB.didtheyreachC.theyreachD.do