部分語法講解虛擬_第1頁
部分語法講解虛擬_第2頁
部分語法講解虛擬_第3頁
部分語法講解虛擬_第4頁
部分語法講解虛擬_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩59頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

GrammarandusageUnrealconditionalsReadthefollowingsentences:

Ifmyhusbandhadn’tbeen

caughtintherain,hewouldnothavegotafever.NothingwouldhavehappenedtohimifhehadnotvisitedhisfriendonSaturday.

IfIwereyou,IwouldnothavevisitedthefriendonSaturday.Theverbformsintheabovesentencescanalsobecalledthesubjunctive.

whathasbeensaidinthesentencesisunreal.Canyousaythesentencesinanotherway,notusingtheunrealconditionals?

Myhusbandwascaughtintherain,sohegotafever.

HevisitedhisfriendonSaturday,sosomethinghappenedtohim.

Iamnotyou,soIvisitedthefriendonSaturday.Studythefollowingtable:從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反動詞的過去式(be的過去式一般用were)would/should/could/might+動詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反had+過去分詞

would/should/could/might+have+過去分詞與將來事實(shí)相反

動詞過去式,should+動詞原形,wereto+動詞原形would/should/could/might+動詞原形Usethethreestructurestotranslatesomesentences.

如果我是一個學(xué)生,我將更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。

IfIwereastudent,Iwouldstudymuchharder.如果你昨天去聽音樂會的話,你將會遇到她了。

如果明天下雨的話,會議將會推遲。Ifyouhadgonetotheconcertyesterday,youwouldhavemether.

Ifitrainedtomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.Note:在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)were,had,should可省去if,將主語與這些詞倒裝,例如:Hadthedoctorcomelastnight,theboywouldhavesaved.WereItogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.

Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.

Changethefollowingsentencesintotheirnormalorderandcomparethedifferencesbetweenthetwotypesofsentences.

Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoouting.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoouting.

Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemetmysister.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemetmysister.Wereyoutotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.Ifyouweretotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.Note:虛擬條件句中值得注意問題:用介詞短語替代條件狀語從句,常見的短語有:with,without,butforWhatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?(ifyouhadamilliondollars)Wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.(ifwehadn’tgotyourhelp.Butfortherain(ifithadn’tbeenfortherain),wewouldhavefinishedthework.注意一個句型:ifitwerenotfor/ifithadn’tbeenfor---without,butforIfitwerenotfortheexpense,wewouldgoabroadnow.Ifithadnotbeenforthecaptain,theshipwouldhavesunk.-------Haditnotbeenforthecaptain,theshipwouldhavesunk.Note:含蓄條件句:有時(shí)為了表達(dá)需要,不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句,而是通過其他手段來代替.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutitAmanwhostoppeddrinkingwaterwouldbedeadinaboutsevendays.Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theywouldhaveraisedtheiroutputquickly.Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedonetheworkmuchbetter.

1.TheboywhowentswimmingintheNo-swimmingZonedrownedintheriver.

Iftheboyhadn’tgoneswimmingintheNo-swimmingZone,hewouldn’thavedrownedintheriver.

HadtheboynotgoneswimmingintheNo-swimmingZone,hewouldn’thavedrownedintheriver.Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingsubjunctivemood:2.Billywasbadlybittenbymosquitoesbecauseheforgottousethemosquitonetlastnight.

IfBillyhadrememberedtousethemosquitonetlastnight,hewouldnothavebeenbittenby…

HadBillyrememberedtousethemosquitonetlastnight,hewouldnothavebeenbittenby…3.Themothercarelesslyputtheknifewithinthebaby’sreach,andthebabycutherselfwhileplayingit.

Ifthemotherhadcarefullyputtheknifeoutofthebaby’sreach,thebabywouldn’thavecutherself.

Hadthemothercarefullyputtheknifeoutofthebaby’sreach,thebabywouldn’thavecutherself.4.Thestudentsgotfood-poisoningaftereatingthepotatoesinthedining-room.

Ifthestudentshadnoteatenthepotatoesinthedinning-room,theywouldn’thavegotfood-poisoning.

Hadthestudentsnoteatenthepotatoesinthedinning-room,theywouldn’thavegotfood-poisoning.5.Theparentsputthethermosontheground.Theirsonkickeditandgotburnt.

Iftheparentshadputthethermosinasafeplace,theirsonwouldn’thavekickeditandgotburnt.

Hadtheparentsputthethermosinasafeplace,theirsonwouldn’thavekickeditandgotburnt.鏈接高考1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_____homewithoutaword.(NMET200133)mustn'tleave B.shouldn'thaveleftC.couldn'thaveleft D.needn'tleave

2.—Howdoyou___wegotoBeijingforourholidays?(04福建)

—Ithinkwe’dbetterflythere.It’smuchmorecomfortable.

A.insist

B.want

C.suppose

D.suggest

3.Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I

itsomewhere.mustdrop B.musthavedroppedC.mustbedropping D.musthavebeendropped4.Elizarememberseverythingexactly

asifit___yesterday.(06全國I)washappeningB.happensC.hashappenedD.happened5._______fired,yourhealthcareand

otherbenefitswillnotbeimmediately

cutoff.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.MightyoubeConsolidation

I.Multiplechoice:1.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.knew,would B.hadknown,wouldhavesentC.know,wouldsend D.knew,wouldhavesent2.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she____

absentfromschool.werenotill;wouldn'tbe B.hadbeenill;wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeen D.hadn'tbeenill;couldbe3.Ifyouhadenoughmoney,what________?willyoubuy B.wouldyoubuy C.wouldyouhavebought D.willyouhavebought4.WereItodoit,I________itsomeotherway.willdoB.woulddo C.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo5.I________himtheanswer________possible,butIwassobusythen.couldtell;ifithadbeen B.musthavetold;wereitC.shouldhavetold;haditbeen D.shouldhavetold;shoulditbe6.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice.________his

advice,you________suchamistake.Hadyoutaken;wouldn'thavemade B.Ifyouhadtaken;wouldmake

C.Wereyoulotake;shouldn’thavemade

D.Haveyoutaken;wonthavemade7.----Ifhe_____,he______thatfood.----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

A.waswarned;wouldnottake B.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken8.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.

A.hascomeB.didcome C.cameD.hadcome9.Janewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatMarywouldcometoseeher.

A.hassheknownB.hadsheknown C.ifsheknowD.ifshehasknown10.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.____it,I____then.HadIknown,wouldringhimup B.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew;wouldringhimup D.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimupII.Translation:1.如果你聽了醫(yī)生的話,你早就恢復(fù)健康了。

Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,youwouldhavealreadyrecovered.2.如果沒有虛擬語氣,英語將容易多了。

Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,Englishwouldbemucheasier.3.如果她更加努力的話,她就成功了。

Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.4.萬一他不來,你將代替他。

Shouldhenotcome,youwouldtakehisplace.5.如果我是你,我將不回這個電話。IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'treturnthecall.6.如果我的女兒不忙的話,她將會來幫助你。

Weremydaughternotsobusy,shewouldcometohelpyou.wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬句IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是記得地址就好了。(真可惜我忘了)Iwishhehadnotleft.要是他沒有離開這里就好了。(他已離開)Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。(說話人以預(yù)料明天不會下雨)wish+thatclausedid/werehaddone

would/might/could/dowish后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣Exercises:“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”

A.had B.did C.have D.willAIdidn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wentCIwishI_________youyesterday.A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretoseeC

Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI___________toit.A.hadn’tgoneB.haven’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.couldnothavegoneAHowIwishI__________that!Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.A.didn’tgoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.wasn’tdoingB-----Heisabraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_________hiscourage.A.HaveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhaveBTomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteachDWhenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbrokenCTheactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_______ayoungman.A.isB.willbeC.amD.wereDThecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_______rain.A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.wouldA

HowIwishI_________suchagoodchancebefore.A.didn’tseeB.hadn’tmissedC.metD.havegotBIwishtherain_________stop.A.willB.wouldC.mayD.canBShesingsasifshe_________aboy.A.isB.wasC.wereD.areCWefeltasifwe_________eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowingC名詞性從句中要求用虛擬語氣的動詞suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,requireetc.引導(dǎo)的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣,以(should)+v原的形式出現(xiàn)。

Weallsuggestthathe(should)finishhishomeworkfirst.Thecaptaincommandedthatallthesailors

(should)getdowntoworkatonce.It’ssuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required,necessary,important,strange,natural,apity)that…后面的主語從句中要使用虛擬語氣,也以(should)+v原.的形式出現(xiàn)。It’sorderedthatonlyGerman(should)betaughtatschoolsinAlsasandLorin.

It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.

以上這些動詞的名詞形式后面的表語從句和同位語從句中也要用虛擬語氣,也應(yīng)以

(should)+v原.的形式出現(xiàn)。Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)gohomefirstbeforecominghere.Hisrequestthathiscost(should)bepaid

bythehouriscompletelyreasonable.WeallagreetohissuggestionthatweshouldgotoBeijingforsightseeing.

虛擬語氣在asif(asthough),evenif(even)用法Helooksasifhewereanartist.ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadstudiedEnglishinAmerica.Evenifhewerehere,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.

其它用法1.Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句相當(dāng)于wish的賓語從句.IfonlyIwereaflyingbird.IfonlyIhadseenthefilm.2.Itishightimethat…….Itis(high)timethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.

3.Wish賓語從句中的省略形式------Haveyoufoundtheanswertothequestion?------IwishIhadIcan’tgotoSuzhouwithyou,butIwishIwould.Languagepointshabit:noun[CorU]

somethingthatyoudooftenandregularly,sometimeswithoutknowingthatyouaredoingit:

Ialwaysbuythesamebrandoftoothpastejustoutof(=becauseof)habit.

出于習(xí)慣我總是買相同品牌的牙膏.Iusedtoswimtwiceaweek,butIseemtohavegotoutof(=ended)thehabitrecently.

我過去一個星期游兩次泳,但最近我似乎戒除了這一習(xí)慣.2.sound:verb

1)soundgood/interesting/strange,etc.toseemgood/interesting/strange,etc.fromwhatissaidorwritten:

Yourjobsoundsreallyinteresting.你的工作聽起來真的很有趣.2)soundlike/asif/asthoughtoseemlikesomething,fromwhatissaidorwritten:

Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.

Itsoundslikeyou'vegotasorethroat.

Itsoundsasiftheyhadagoodholiday.

那聽起來象個好主意.聽起來你好象喉嚨疼.聽起來他們好象度過了一個愉快的假期.鏈接高考(2006湖北)

—Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiing

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論