Unit4知識點 人教版英語八年級上冊

第第頁Unit4SectionA知識點rulen.規(guī)章；規(guī)則g.Youmustfollowtherules.常用短語：schoolrules校規(guī)classrules班規(guī)trafficrules交通規(guī)則followtherules遵守規(guī)則makearule制定規(guī)則breakarule違反規(guī)則【拓展】rule作動詞講，意為“統(tǒng)治”三個“到達”--arrive/get/reacharrive為不及物動詞，后面不能直接接地點，通常接介詞at（小地點）或in（大地點）get如果接地點名詞，則要加toreach為及物動詞，能直接接地點【注意】arrive/get后接地點副詞home/here/there時，不需要加介詞。e.g.HearrivesinBeijingat5:00.=HereachesBeijingat5:00.=HegetstoBeijingat5:00.三個“聽”--hear/listen/soundhear“聽說，聽到”，側重聽到的結果/內容listen“聽”，側重聽的動作（接賓語時要加to）sound連系動詞，“聽起來”，后面跟形容詞作表語例:Look!Heislisteningtotheteachercarefully.Iheardsomeonecryinthenextroomlastnight.Thatsoundsgood.【拓展】hear常用短語：hearfromsb.收到某人的來信=receivealetterfromsb.hearof/about...聽說...fightv.&n.打架；戰(zhàn)斗動詞，意為“打架，爭吵”，過去式為fought【拓展】常用短語：Fightfor...為...而戰(zhàn)斗Wefightforournation.（民族）Fightabout因...而爭吵Don’tfightaboutsmallthings!Fightagainst與...對抗Theyfightagainsttheenemy.（敵人）Fightwith和...打架Tomfightswithhisbrother.名詞，意為“打架”，常用短語：haveafightwithsb.和某人打架sorryadj.抱歉的；難過的；惋惜的I’msorryI’mlate.對不起，我遲到了。I’msorrytohearthatbadnews.聽到那個壞消息我很難過。I’msorrythatyoudidn’tpasstheexam.很惋惜（遺憾），你沒有通過考試。outsideadv.&adj.&prep.反義詞為：insideadj.“外面的”e.g.Outsideworkersneedwarmclothesinwinter.n.“外部，外表”e.g.Theoutsideofthehouseisred.prep.“在...外面”e.g.Thereisafruitshopoutsidetheshoppingmall.四個“穿”wear穿著，戴著。強調狀態(tài)Shewearsredcoat.puton穿上。強調動作It’scold.Putonyourcoat.bein+顏色/衣服穿著...顏色的衣服。強調狀態(tài)Look！Thedoginredshoesisfunny.dress給...穿衣。表示動作/狀態(tài)Thebabycandresshimself.importantadj.重要的E.g.Thatisanimportantmeeting.【拓展】常用句型：It’simportantforsb.todosth.對于某人來說做某事是重要的E.g.It’simportantforusChinesetopulltogether.對于我們中國人來說齊心協(xié)力是重要的。It’simportantforustomakefulluseoftime.對于我們來說充分利用時間是重要的。反義詞：unimportante.g.anunimportantthing一件不重要的事（3）名詞形式：importancetheimportanceof......的重要性e.g.Tomdoesn’tknowtheimportanceofscience.9.辨析bring/take/get/carrybring帶來把...從別處帶到說話任所在地，動作由遠及近take帶走把...從說話人所在地帶到別處去，動作由近及遠carry搬運強調動作的移動性，不強調方向get去取指從說話任所在地出發(fā)，把...帶回原處，表示動作的往返e.g.Takethisemptyboxawayandbringmeafullone.把這個空盒子拿走，給我拿一個滿的來。PleasehelpJimcarrythepianotohisroom.請幫助湯姆把鋼琴搬到他的房間去。Canyougetmesomewater?你能去給我取點水嗎？例題：--Tom,youshouldn’t___yourcattoschool.--Sorry,Mr.Green.Iwon’tdothatagain.takeB.bringC.giveD.get10.quietadj.安靜的e.g.Helivesinaquietplace.（1）常用短語：bequiet=keepquiet保持安靜e.g.Youmustbe/keepquiet!Thebabyissleeping.（2）副詞形式：quietly安靜地e.g.Theteacherwalksintotheclassroomquietly.例題：（2019江蘇常州）Inthelibrary,studentsarerequiredtokeep____andmove____.(quiet)10.辨析ontime與intimeOntime準時，按時。指按規(guī)定的時刻不早不晚Intime及時。指沒有遲到，時間還充裕e.g.Healwaysgoestoschoolontime.Firemenreachedthehouseonfireintime.（消防員及時趕到那幢失火的房子處。）例題：（2019青海）--Excuseme,willtheflightarrivesoon?--Yes.Itwillbelandingright____.attimesB.intimeC.ontime【拓展】time相關短語attimes=fromtimetotime有時，偶爾allthetime總是，一直atthesametime與此同時bythetime到...為止onceuponatime從前takeyourtime別著急；慢慢來句型：It’stimeforsth.到了某事的時間了It’stimeforsb.todosth.到了某人做某事的時間了。情態(tài)動詞can的用法總結表示能力，意為“能，會”IcanspeakalittleEnglish.表示請求，用于疑問句，could比can更委婉Couldyoutellhimtocallmeback?你可以告訴他給我回電話嗎？haveto與mustHaveto“不得不”①強調客觀存在的必要性，含有不情愿的色彩②有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化③don’thaveto意為“不必”，相當于needn’tmust“必須”①表示說話人的主觀意志和看法，含有自覺、自愿的色彩②不用與過去時或將來時，沒有人稱、數(shù)的變化③mustn’t表示“禁止”④must開頭的一般疑問句否定回答為needn’tIhavetostudyhard.Imuststudyhard.Youdon’thavetotellhimthebadnews.Youmustn’ttellhimthebadnews.--MustIfinishmyhomeworktonight?--No,youneedn’t.祈使句祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、勸告或建議等語氣的句子。它的主語多是第二人稱you（通常不說出）。因此，祈使句一般是動詞原形開頭的。祈使句分為肯定句和否定句兩種?？隙ň鋵嵙x動詞+其他Openthedoor.Comehere.Let’splayfootball.連系動詞+表語（形容詞、名詞等）Keepquiet!Beagoodstudent.否定句：一般在肯定形式的祈使句前加上Don’tDon’topenthedoor.Don’tbelateforclass.【拓展】否定形式的祈使句還有一種：No+v-ing/n（禁止...）Nosmoking!Novisitors.Nophotos.Unit4SectionB知識點practicev.&n.練習動詞，后面接名詞、代詞、動詞ing形式e.g.HepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.（2）不可數(shù)名詞，意為“練習”e.g.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧?！就卣埂縡inish/enjoy+動詞ing形式moreadj.&pron.更多（的）形容詞“更多的”，是many和much的比較級，修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞e.g.Therewillbemorepeopleinthefuture.Wouldyoulikemoretea?代詞“更多”e.g.Thecakeisdelicious.Iwantsomemore.【拓展】常用結構more+adj/adv.+than...比...更...（構成比較級）morethan...比...更多；勝過...e.g.Thedressismorebeautifulthanthatone.HelikemathmorethanEnglish.他喜愛數(shù)學勝過英語。noisyadj.吵鬧的e.g.It’snoisyhere.Ican’thearyouclearly.【拓展】①名詞形式：noise噪聲；嘈雜聲e.g.Don’tmakesomuchnoise.②副詞形式：noisily吵鬧地e.g.Mysisteriscryingnoisilyinthebedroom.4.relaxv.放松；休息相當于rest或haveareste.g.Heistootired.Heneedstorelax.【拓展】①relaxingadj.令人放松的（修飾物）Themovieisrelaxing.②relaxedadj感到輕松的（修飾人）Heisrelaxedafterlisteningtothemusic.5.辨析read/watch/look/seeread“看，閱讀，朗讀”，主要指看與文字相關的事物，如看書、看報、看文章、雜志等watch“看，觀看，注視”，強調注意力集中、有興趣地看，如看比賽、看電視look“看”，強調看的動作。常用短語lookatsth.see“看到，看見”，強調看的結果Myfatherlikesreadingnewspapersafterdinner.I’mwatchingafootballmatch.Pleaselookattheblackboard.Theoldmancan’tseeanything.terribleadj.非常討厭的；可怕的；糟糕的e.g.AterribleearthquakehappenedinYa’an.--How’syourday?--Terrible.【拓展】副詞形式：terribly非常糟糕地；很；非常e.g.I’mterriblysorryforthat.7.feelv.感受，覺得；摸起來重點：feel作感官動詞講，后面接形容詞作表語Yourhandfeelscold.8.strictadj.嚴格的；嚴厲的e.g.Isyourfatherstrict?常用短語：bestrictwithsb.對某人要求嚴格bestrictinsth.對某是要求嚴格e.g.OurEnglishteacherisstrictinherownworkandsheisalsostrictwithus.9.rememberv.記??；記起反義詞為forget，忘記e.g.Ican’trememberyourname.常用短語：Remembertodosth.記住去做某事（未做）Rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（已做）e.g.Remembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheclassroom.Iremembermeetinghimonce.10.followv.遵循；跟隨e.g.Everyoneshouldfollowtherules.（遵循）Theguidetellsustofollowher.（跟隨）【拓展】①follow還可表示“聽明白”。Theteacherspeakstoofast.Ican’tfollowher.②followingadj.下面的；接著的Canyouanswerthefollowingquestions?luckn.幸運；運氣Goodlucktoyou!【拓展】①形容詞形式：lucky幸運的其反義詞為unluckye.g.Heisaluckyman.②副詞形式：luckily幸運地其反義詞為unluckilye.g.Luckily,hewasnotlateforschool.12.keepv.保持；保留常用結構：①keep+adj./adv.Youmustkeepyourroomtidy.Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.②keep+v-ingTom’smotherkeepshimstandingforanhour.③keep+介詞短語Keeptheboyintheroom.13.learnv.學習；學會（1）learntodosth.學習做某事Sheislearningtodance.（2）learnabout...了解...；獲悉...I’dliketolearnmoreaboutcomputer.learnfromsb.向某人學習learnfromsth.從某事中吸取教訓Weshouldlearnfromheroes.Ilearnedalotfromthatthing.learn...byoneself=teachoneself自