萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城英文介紹

萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城英文介紹TheGreatWallTheChineseGreatWallisthegreatconstructioninthehistoryofhumancivilization.ItwaspraisedastheEighthWonderoftheWorldmanyyearsago.TheconstructionoftheGreatWallbeganfromtheSpringandAutumnPeriodandtheWarringPeriod(770BC-221BC).AfterunificationofChinabyQinshihuang(thefirstemperorinChina),Qinshihuangorderedhispeopletobuildanewwallonthebaseoftheoriginaloneinlargescale.Subsequentdynastiescontinuedtostrengthenandextendthewall.ThemostpartoftheextantwallfromShanhaiguaninPohaitoJiayuguaninGansuProvincewerebuiltbyMingdynasty(1386–1644AC).TheGreatWallis7.8metershigh,6.5metersacrossatitsbaseand5.8metersatitstop.Thereisawatchtowerrisetoabout12meterseveryonehundredmeters.DatingbacktotheSpringandAutumnPeriod,morewallswereputuptodefendthebordersofthedifferentkingdomsandnomadnationalitiesinthenorthernChina.TheGreatWallhadbecomethedominantfortificationforHanpeoplesinceQinDynasty.Infact,thewallsdidn'tresisttheattacksofthedangerousenemies.MingDynastytriedtheirbesttorenovatethewall,regardlessoftheexpensetohumansineffort,timeandfinancialwell-being,butironically,theleaderofQingnotonlyledhisarmytocrackthedefenseofthewall,butalsotooktheemperorYingzongofMingDynastyalivein1499AC.Atanyrate,theGreatWallisjustawallwhichcannotprotectanation.Interestingly,themostprosperousTangDynastywasoneofdynastieswhichneverrenovatedthewall.TheGreatWallisthesymboloftheChinesecivilization.ItisthefruitoftheChinesenation'swisdom.Now,theGreatWallisthefamousscenicspotattractingtensofthousandsoftourists.Thereisawell-knownChinesesayingonthewall,"HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman".TheGreatWallwasselectedonthelistoftheWorldHeritagein1987.TheGreatWallofChinaisaseriesoffortificationsmadeofstone,brick,tampedearth,wood,andothermaterials,generallybuiltalonganeast-to-westlineacrossthehistoricalnorthernbordersofChinainordertoprotecttheChineseEmpireoritsprototypicalstatesagainstintrusionsbyvariousnomadicgroups.中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城是一系列的防御工事，由石塊、磚頭、夯實(shí)土、木材和其他材料建成。長(zhǎng)城沿中國(guó)歷史上的北部邊界線從東到西建造，以保護(hù)中華帝國(guó)或其重要的藩國(guó)，對(duì)抗各種游牧民族的入侵。In221BC,EmperorQinShihuangorderedthewallsoftheQin,ZhaoandYankingdomsinthenorthtobelinkedupandreinforced,afterheunitedChina.公元前221年，秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國(guó)后，下令把北邊原來(lái)秦國(guó)、趙國(guó)和燕國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城連起來(lái)并加固。TheextendednewwallstretchedfromLintaotoLiaodong,withatotallengthofover20,000li.這樣，擴(kuò)建后的秦長(zhǎng)城從臨洮延伸至遼東，總長(zhǎng)20000多里。WiththefalloftheSuiandtheriseoftheTangDynasty,theGreatWalllostitsimportanceasafortification.隨著隋朝的覆滅和唐代的興起，長(zhǎng)城變得不再那么重要。DuringtheSongDynasty,theChinesewereforcedtowithdrawunderthreatfromtheLiaoandJinpeoplestothenorth,whotookovermanyareasonbothsidesoftheGreatWall.宋朝期間，中國(guó)人被迫撤到北方，北遼和金占領(lǐng)了長(zhǎng)城兩邊的許多領(lǐng)域。ThepowerfulYuanDynastyestablishedbyGenghisKhaneventuallycontrolledallofChina,partsofAsiaandsectionsofEurope.成吉思汗建立了強(qiáng)大的元朝，統(tǒng)治了整個(gè)中國(guó)、亞洲部分地區(qū)和部分歐洲。TheGreatWallheldimportancefortheMongolsasamilitaryfortification.長(zhǎng)城作為軍事要塞，起到了重要作用。ItwasduringtheMingDynastythattheWalltookonitspresentform.現(xiàn)在所看到的長(zhǎng)城是明朝的長(zhǎng)城。Atthattime,itstretchedsome6,300kilometersfromtheYalujiangRiverintheeasttoJiayuguanPassinthewest,andisknownastheTenThousandLiWall.明代長(zhǎng)城，東起鴨綠江，西至嘉峪關(guān)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)6300公里，被稱(chēng)為“萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城”。Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory.現(xiàn)如今，長(zhǎng)城已成為歷史上最令人印象深刻的建筑之一。In1987,UNESCOdesignatedtheGreatWallaWorldHeritagesite,andapopularclaimthatemergedinthe20thcenturyholdsthatitistheonlymanmadestructurethatisvisiblefromspace.1987年，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織將長(zhǎng)城列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。自20世紀(jì)起便出現(xiàn)一種說(shuō)法，稱(chēng)“長(zhǎng)城是地球上唯一可以從太空用肉眼觀測(cè)到的人造建筑。”TheGreatWall,bothasaculturalrelicanduniquenaturallandscape,isamiracle