中西海洋文明史 課件 Chapter 3 Chinese and Western Marine Arts

ChineseandWesternMarineArts3ChapterOceanPaintingsOceanMusicOceanLiterature123CONTENTS★ChineseOceanLiterature★ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternoceanliteratureandtheirculturalessence★WesternOceanLiteraturePART01OceanLiterature1TheClassicofMountainsandSeasBizarreanimalsinthesouthernmountainsearlygeographyofChinacompiledduringthelateWarringStatesandHanperiodsTheMoonovertheRiveronaSpringNight“春江潮水連海平，海上明月共潮生。”writtenbyZhangRuoxu“Inspringtheriverrisesashighasthesea;Andwiththeriver’stideuprisesthemoonbright.”（許淵沖譯）ByImperialCommand,ZhengSanbaoSetsSailfortheWesternOceansMingDynastyDramabyZhaoQimeibothacourtoperaandanorthernzajuRobinsonCrusoeFictionbyDanielDefoeonApril25,1719TheRimeoftheAncientMarinerPoembySamuelTaylorColeridgein1798“TheSunnowroseupontheright:Outoftheseacamehe,Stillhidinmist,andontheleftWentdownintothesea.”TheTempestPlaywrittenbyWilliamShakespearebetween1610and1611ChinesemaritimenovelsthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternmarinenovelsmagnificentimaginationofdistantoverseasconciseandcondensedinthenarrativeunwaveringChinesephilosophyofpeaceWesternmaritimenovelsamassandplunderwealthconquest:discriminationandviolenceaveryclearrationalthinkingmodeChineseoceanpoetrythedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternoceanpoetrycreativewayofexpressingemotionsandmoodblankspaceselegance,subtlety,condensedmeaning,andprofoundimplicationWesternoceanpoetrylogicalprecisionandnarrativearrangementtheoceanmeanswildnessandterrormorepreciseinadirectandenthusiasticway,oronrationalthinkingChinesetheaterthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterntheaterfocusesmoreonconveyingmeaningmoretypes:eachregionhavingitsownuniqueformWesterntheatermorerealisticmaintypes:spokendrama,operasthatonlyhavesinging,andballetsthatonlyhavedancingChineseculturalessencetheculturalessenceofthedifferencebetweenWesternandChinesemaritimetheatertheChinesepeople'sdesireforahappyendingasinheritorsofagriculturalculturemorality,ethics,andthehierarchybetweenrulerandsubjectWesternculturalessenceoutwardexplorationandaggressionareemphasizedinmaritimeculture，presentingmoretragedyemphasizesindividualbehaviormore★ChineseOceanPainting★ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternoceanpaintingsandtheirculturalbackground★WesternOceanPaintingPART02OceanPaintings2TwelveWatersbyMaYuan(SongDynasty).DanshanYinghaiMapbyWangMeng(YuanDynasty).HaiwuZhanchouTubyYuanJiang(QingDynasty).J.M.W.TurnerEnglishRomanticartist“thepainteroflight”.TheFightingTemeraireImpression·SunrisebyClaudeMonet.JohnEverettalifetimepaintingofthesea.thedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternoceanpaintingsChineseoceanpaintingsWesternoceanpaintingsSimilarityexpresscommonemotionalsentimentsandidealpursuitsDifferenceharmonybetweenheavenandhumanitytragediesandjoysofsecularlifewiththebeautyofnaturetheuseofblankspacesimplefigureandsceneryprofoundphilosophicalideasobjectsoccupyacentralpositionmeticulousbrushtechnique,usingink,paper,andinkstoneastools(mainlyinblackandwhite)morediversepaintingtools,,likeapen,paper,cloth,knife,brush,etc.andgouache,watercolor,oilcloth,etc.(presentthecolor,lightandshadowoftherealworld)ChineseculturalbackgroundculturalbackgroundofdifferentseapaintingsanagriculturalsocietythatvalueslocalfarminginfluenceofConfucianism,Taoism,andBuddhismanaturalisticperspectiveWesternculturalbackgroundthebinarydichotomyandregardnatureasanobjectofexplorationandconquestempiricism,individualism,andscientificspirit★ChineseOceanMusic★ThebasicfeaturesofChineseandWesternoceanmusicandtheirculturalsources★WesternOceanMusicPART03OceanMusic3ADrunkenFishermanSingsattheSunsetbyPiRixiuandLuGuimeng(TangDynastypoets)Theycreatedanewstyleofmatchingrhymepoetry..ChatBetweenaFishermanandaWoodcutter(Yu-QiaoWenda)qinmelodythedialoguebetweenthefishermanandwoodcuttergetsrighttotheessence.RhythmoftheWavebyZhaoYuanrenanoratorio-likeworkarepresentativeworkofearlyChinesechoralmusic.ClaudeDebussyafamousFrenchcomposer.Majorworks:MoonlightPreludetotheAfternoonofaFaunTheSeaCalmSeaandProsperousVoyageTwopoemsbyGoethe.Theywerethesourceforthree19th-centurysettings:Beethoven’sOpus112(1814-1815)Schubert’ssong“CalmSea”(1815)Mendelssohn’sOvertureOpus27(1828,revisedin1834)RichardWagner’sTheFlyingDutchman.ChineseseamusicthebasicfeaturesofChineseandWesternseamusicpursueavirtual,quietandetherealmood,andpayingmoreattentiontopersonalinnerfeelingsWesternseamusicpaysmoreattentiontotheunityofreasonandemotion,pursuingstrengthandintensity,andseekingtheunityofmysteryandactiontheculturalsourcesofthedifferencesinseamusicChineseseamusicWesternseamusicoriginsfrompeople’sproductiveactivitiesfromanc