(19-23)五年中考英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編專題08 閱讀理解之議論文（含解析）

資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】專題08閱讀理解之議論文（2023·四川眉山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Doyouliketotravelalone?Ordoyouthinkit’sbettertotravelwithfriends?Ifyou’restilldeciding,pleasereadon.Iwillexplaintheadvantagesofbothways.Oneofthegreatthingsabouttravelingaloneisthatyoumaketherulesaboutwhereyougoandwhatyoueat.You’llbesurprisedatwhatyoudiscoveraboutyourselfwithoutanyinfluence.Travelingalonereallyshowsyouwhatyou’remadeofandhelpsyoutodiscoverinnerstrength(內(nèi)心的力量)youdidn’tknowyouhad.Besides,italsogivesyoutimetothink,learnandgrow.Whenyoureyesarewideopen,you’llgetawholenewoutlookontheworld.It’seasytothinkthattravelingaloneislonely.Althoughthatmaysometimesbetrue,you’rehardlyeveralone.Whenyoutravelinaone-personteam,thiscanprovideachanceforyoutoenjoythemostinterestingpartoftravel—communicatingwiththelocalsandmeetingtravelersfromallcornersoftheworld.Infact,travelingtoknowmoreabouttheworldisnoteasy.There’sresearchtobedone,flightstobebookedandchoicestobemade,nottomentionthatthingscan—andoftendo—gowrong.Oneofthemainadvantagesoftravelingwithfriendsisbeingabletosharethesethingsandsupporteachotherthroughtheprocess,evenifit’sjustsomeonewhowillwaitwithyourbagwhenyougotothebathroom.Justasyourmotheralwayssays,it’struethattravelingwithotherscangiveyouasenseofsafety,especiallyifyou’renewtotravel.Youknowthatifyougetlostorhaveyourwalletstolen,there’ssomeonetoholdyourhandwhenyoutrytoexplainyoursituationinaforeignpolicestation.There’snorightorwrongwaytotravel.Whetheryoutravelaloneorteamupwithfriends,itdependsonyou.1．HowdoesthewriterintroducethetopicofthepassageinParagraph1?A．Bytellingastory. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byaskingquestions. D．Bydescribingascene.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Travelingalone. B．Innerstrength.C．Outsideinfluence. D．Travelingwithothers.3．TravelingwithfriendshasthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPT________.A．sharingalotofthings B．knowingyourselfbetterC．gettingsupporteasily D．havingasenseofsafety4．What’sthestructureofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1②=Paragraph2…)A．B．C． D．【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了獨(dú)自旅行以及和朋友旅行的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Doyouliketotravelalone?Ordoyouthinkit’sbettertotravelwithfriends?”可知作者通過兩個(gè)問題引出本文的話題。故選C。2．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Travelingalonereallyshowsyouwhatyou’remadeofandhelpsyoutodiscoverinnerstrength(內(nèi)心的力量)youdidn’tknowyouhad.Besides,italsogivesyoutimetothink”可知獨(dú)自旅行真的向你展示了自己的實(shí)力，并幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)心的力量，它也給你思考、學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，故此處it指代“獨(dú)自旅行”。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Oneofthemainadvantagesoftravelingwithfriendsisbeingabletosharethesethingsandsupporteachotherthroughtheprocess”可知與朋友一起旅行的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)之一是能夠分享這些東西，并在整個(gè)過程中相互支持；根據(jù)“it’struethattravelingwithotherscangiveyouasenseofsafety”可知與他人一起旅行確實(shí)能給你一種安全感。故選B。4．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出文章的主題；第二至第四段介紹獨(dú)自旅行的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；第五至第六段介紹和朋友旅行的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；第七段進(jìn)行總結(jié)。故選A。（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ComputerscientistMaryhasanideaforanewrobottohelpherworkwithchildren.Howshoulditlook?Therobotshouldhavearmstobeabletoliftthings.Andifitisgoingtocommunicatewithpeople,itwillalsoneedaface.Scientistsbelievethatgivingarobotafacecanmakeitseemmorefriendly.Humanswouldalsoliketopaymoreattentiontorobotswithfaces.Butwhatkind?ForMary,shewantstomakesurethathernewrobotdoesn’tlooktoomuchlikeahuman.Shewantspeopletojusttreatitasamachine-person.Ifitlooksmorelikeahumanthanamachine,shethinksusersmightfinditabitcreepyandfeelafraid.Maryalsobelievesthatrobotfacesdon’tneedtolookalotlikeours.Herresearchshowsthatwecanenjoycommunicatingwithrobotswhetherornottheylooklikehumans,becauseourbrainsareabletolookforfaces.Justputtwocirclesontopofarobot’sbody,andwewillseeaface.Davefeelsdifferently.Hebelievesthatalthoughatfirstwemightbeafraidwhenseeingarobotwithalifelikeface,wemaysoongetusedtoit.Ifrobotsaregoingtoworkcloselywithhumans,theyshouldlookasmuchlikeusaspossible.Afterall,facesareanimportantpartofthewaywecommunicate.Tomakehisrobotslookasmuchlikerealpeopleaspossible,Daveinventedaspecialskin(皮膚)fortheirfaces.Withthisskin,robotscanshowhuman-likeexpressionsandappeartobeangry,sad,happyorsurprised.Dave’srobotsarealsoprogrammedtocopyexpressions.How?Justimaginehisrobotislookingatyou.Thecamerasinitseyessendpicturesofyourfacetoitscentralcomputer!5．Whydoscientiststhinkarobotneedsaface?A．Itwillbecomemorebeautiful. B．Itcandobetterinliftingthings.C．Itwillpaymoreattentiontochildren. D．Itcanbettercommunicatewithpeople.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“creepy”meaninparagraph2?A．Uncomfortabletolookat. B．Impossibletotouch.C．Boringtotalkto. D．Difficulttounderstand.7．WhichofthefollowingwouldDavemostprobablyagreewith?A．Peopleshouldtreatrobotsashumans.B．Robotsneedtoexpresstheirownfeelings.C．Robotsshouldn'tlooktoomuchlikehumans.D．Peoplecaneasilyacceptrobotswithahumanface.8．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainthereasonswhyrobotsshouldhavefaces.B．Tosuggestwhathumanscandowithrobotswithfaces.C．Toshareideasonwhatkindoffacesrobotsshouldhave.D．Toshowhowscientistsinventrobotswithdifferentfaces.【答案】5．D6．A7．D8．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹兩個(gè)人對(duì)機(jī)器人是否要有人形臉持有的不同看法。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andifitisgoingtocommunicatewithpeople,itwillalsoneedaface.”可知要與人交流，故需要臉。故選D。6．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Ifitlooksmorelikeahumanthanamachine,shethinksusersmightfinditabitcreepyandfeelafraid.”可知?jiǎng)澗€詞與“feelafraid”并列，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)是“看著不舒服”。故選A。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hebelievesthatalthoughatfirstwemightbeafraidwhenseeingarobotwithalifelikeface,wemaysoongetusedtoit.”可知盡管機(jī)器人有人形臉可能一開始看起來令人害怕，但是我們會(huì)很快適應(yīng)，說明人們能輕松地接受人形臉的機(jī)器人。故選D。8．主旨大意題。本文主要討論機(jī)器人需要什么臉型，C項(xiàng)符合。故選C。（2023·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Itiscommonlybelievedthatchildrenaretooyoungtofullyappreciate(欣賞)theexperienceandknowledgeoftheirelders,whilemanythinkthatoldpeopledon’tunderstandtheyoung.Butactually(事實(shí)上),bothgroupshavealottolearnfromeachother.JamesSmithrunstheSmith’sCareHomeinmycity.Itismainlyanorganization(機(jī)構(gòu))forservingtheelderly.Butnotallofitsvisitorsareoldpeople.Thehomealsoincludesachildcarecenterforpre-schoolkids.Thereisaplaygroundinthecarehome,wheretheelderlycanplaywiththekids.Inthisway,theycanlearnmoreabouteachother,andrespect(尊重)andunderstandoneanother.Isupposethisisquiteaninterestingidea.Foronething,weliveinaworldwheretherearemoreandmoreoldpeople.Theworldisfacingthisproblemanditspopulationages.Itwillbeimportantforyoungpeopletobeabletounderstandandcarefortheelderlyinthecomingyears.Regretfully,myowngrandparentsweren’taroundwhenIwaslittle,astheyhadalreadypassedaway.Inevergottolearnwhattheworldwaslikethroughtheireyes,orwhatkindsofproblemstheymighthavefacedwhentheyweremyage.Tome,theirliveswillalwaysbeamystery—hardtounderstandorexplain.However,IthinkIcanstilllearnfromotherpeopleofoldergenerations(輩).Imightfindsomeoftheirideasoutofdate,andtheymightbelievethatmygeneration’swayofthinkingisstrangeorincorrect.Butwecanstilllearnfromeachotheranyway.9．WhatisspecialabouttheSmith’sCareHome?A．Itisonlyachildcarecenteractually.B．Theelderlylookafterkidscarefullythere.C．Itacceptsboththeelderlyandpre-schoolkids.10．Inthewriter’sopinion(觀點(diǎn)),whatproblemistheworldfacing?A．Therearemoreandmoreoldpeople.B．Theworld’spopulationisdroppingrapidly.C．Theworldisshortofcarehomesforoldpeople.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mystery”meaninParagraph4?A．笑話 B．悲劇 C．謎團(tuán)12．Howdoesthewriterdevelophis/herideainthistext?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bylistingnumbers. C．Byraisingquestions.13．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toexplainwhytheworld’spopulationages.B．Toencouragedifferentgenerationstolearnfromeachother.C．Toshowthatoldergenerations’waysofthinkingareincorrect.【答案】9．C10．A11．C12．A13．B【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹人們常說老年人不理解年輕人，而許多人認(rèn)為孩子太小，不能充分理解老年人的智慧。但事實(shí)上，這兩個(gè)群體都有很多可以互相學(xué)習(xí)的地方。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JamesSmithrunstheSmith’sCareHomeinmycity.Itismainlyanorganization(機(jī)構(gòu))forservingtheelderly.Butnotallofitsvisitorsareoldpeople.Thehomealsoincludesachildcarecenterforpre-schoolkids.”可知，這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)服務(wù)的不止是老年人而且還有孩子，這是它的特殊之處。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Foronething,weliveinaworldwheretherearemoreandmoreoldpeople.Theworldisfacingthisproblemanditspopulationages.”可知，我們生活在一個(gè)老年人越來越多的世界，世界正面臨著這個(gè)問題和人口老齡化。故選A。11．詞句猜測(cè)題。分析“Tome,theirliveswillalwaysbeamystery—hardtounderstandorexplain.”可知，難以理解或解釋，所以是一個(gè)謎團(tuán)，故選C。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段和第四段內(nèi)容可知，作者通過舉例來發(fā)展自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選A。13．主旨大意題。本文主要想表明老年人和年輕人這兩個(gè)群體都有很多可以互相學(xué)習(xí)的地方，故選B。（2023·浙江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）RogerFederer,aworld-famoussportsstar,quit(放棄)the2020OlympicGamestodealwithhiskneeproblem.Itwasaharddecisionbecausenoonewantedtobeaquitter.Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.Nothingisfunallthetime.Stickingatsomethingdifficultteachesusimportantskillslikeperseverance(毅力).However,learningtoletgowhenthingsaren’trightisimportanttoo.Maybeyourheartisn’tinplayingthepianoanymore,oryouonlyplayfootballbecauseyourfriendsdoandyouwanttotryadifferentsportinstead.Makingthedecisiontowalkawaycanfreeuptimeandenergytospendonsomethingyoureallyenjoy.Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan’treach,ordon’treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidenceandhelpyouleadahappierandhealthierlife.Buthowcanyouknowit’stimetostopandmoveon?EricBeanisanexpertinsportspsychology(心理學(xué))whohelpsathletesandteamsunderstandtheirfeelings.Hesays,“Quittingisneveramatterofblackandwhite.”Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren’tenjoyingsomethinganymore.Isitbecauseyou’vearguedwithateammateorcan’tgetonwithanewartteacher?Talkaboutthiswithatrustedadultorfriend.Thatcanhelpyoudecidewhetheryoushouldstayandstick,orquitandmoveon.Quittingdoesn’thavetomeantotallygivingup,though.Forexample,playinganinstrumentmightbemorefunifyoutakeawaythepressureofexams.Ifyoudodecidetogiveupanactivity,Beansuggestspickingupanotherwhereyoucanstillenjoythingsliketeamwork,creativity,andexercise.14．Thewritermentions“RogerFederer”inParagraph1toshowthat________.A．weshouldnevergiveup B．weshouldgetawayfromtroubleC．it’sallrighttostopandquit D．it’sdifficulttowinOlympicmedals15．AccordingtoParagraph2,learningtoletgoisimportantbecausewecan________.A．learnaboutperseverance B．haveenoughmoneytospendC．liveabusierandfullerlife D．feelmoreconfidentinourselves16．BysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3,EricBeanmeansthat________.A．it’snotgoodtostickatthingswedon’tlikeB．weshouldthinktwicebeforequittinganactivityC．wedon’thavetotakeexamstoshowourtrueabilitiesD．it’swisertopickupanewhobbythantokeeptheoldone17．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．KnowingWhentoStop B．WorkingHardtoMoveonC．LearningHowtoGrowup D．StartingEarlytoMakeChanges【答案】14．C15．D16．B17．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了人們應(yīng)該知道何時(shí)停止。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.”以及“Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan’treach,ordon’treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidenceandhelpyouleadahappierandhealthierlife.”可知，以“RogerFederer”為例是為了說明有時(shí)放棄也是好的，故選C。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan’treach,ordon’treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidenceandhelpyouleadahappierandhealthierlife.”可知，放棄你無法達(dá)到的目標(biāo)，或者你不想要的目標(biāo)，可以建立你的信心，幫助你過上更快樂、更健康的生活。故選D。16．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren’tenjoyingsomethinganymore.”可知，他建議仔細(xì)思考為什么不再享受某件事，也就是建議人們?nèi)级?，故選B。17．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Quittingdoesn’thavetomeantotallygivingup,though.”和“Buthowcanyouknowit’stimetostopandmoveon?”可知，本文主要講述了人們應(yīng)該知道何時(shí)停止，故選A。（2022·四川綿陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Doyoucompareyourselftootherpeople?Perhapsyourbestfriendreceivessomethingyoureallywant,oryou’renotallowedtogotoaconcertbutyourbrotherorsisteris.Eventhoughcomparisonsarecommonandcansometimesbehelpful,focusing(專注)onyourownprogressisimportantforyourhappiness.“Weoftencompareourselvestootherswhoaredoingbetterornotaswellasourselves.”saysDr.Jack.“ButIsuggestcomparingyourselftoyourpastselfandyourfutureself.Thiscanmakeyoufeelproudofwhatyou’veachievedandexcitedaboutwhatyoumightdo.Focusingonyourownpurposesismoreworthwhilethanalwaystryingtocomeoutontop.”Comparingyourselftothosearoundyouisnaturalandweoftendoitwithoutrealizingit.Itcanhelpustobeclearaboutourachievementsandtoformfriendshipswithnewpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.However,it’simportanttorememberthatnobodyisperfectinreallife.It’salsoimportanttotakenoteofhowthecomparisonismakingyoufeel.“Ifyoubegintofeelquitelow,focusonyourownstrengths.”saysJack.Inotherwords,youcanaskyourselfquestionslike“WhatcanIdowellin?”,whichcanhelpyoutrustyourself.Maybehereyouarewondering“Whatifallmyfriendsarebetterthanme?”.Dr.Whitesaysthatjealousy(妒忌)isnotbadbutfocusingonbetteringyourownworkcanhelpyoufeeljustassuccessful.Healsomentionsthatlearningtocelebrateyourfriends’successcannotonlyhelptocheeryourfriendsupbutalsohelpyoufeelgood.Itwillencourageyoutobuildeachotherup.18．WhatdoesthewritertellusinParagraph1?A．Weshouldcomparewithothers. B．Weshouldsharethingswithbrothers.C．Weshouldenjoyconcertswithsisters. D．Weshouldfocusonourownprogress.19．Whyshouldyoucompareyourselftoyourpastself?A．Tocareaboutothers. B．Tochangeyourpurposes.C．Toincreaseyourexcitement. D．Tobeproudofyourachievements.20．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“yourownstrengths”probablymeaninParagraph3?A．whatyou’regoodat B．whatyou’veunderstoodC．whatyou’recrazyabout D．whatyou’veexperienced21．WhatdoesDr.Whitesuggest?A．Trustingyourfriends. B．Cheeringontinysuccess.C．Celebratingothers’success. D．Formingadeepfriendship.22．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PlanYourOwnFuture B．EnjoyYourOwnHappinessC．RunYourOwnRace D．FollowYourOwnDream【答案】18．D19．D20．A21．C22．C【導(dǎo)語】本文建議我們不要與別人比較，要專注于自己。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eventhoughcomparisonsarecommonandcansometimesbehelpful,focusingonyourownprogressisimportantforyourhappiness.”可知，盡管比較很常見，有時(shí)也有幫助，但關(guān)注自己的進(jìn)步對(duì)你的快樂很重要。故選D。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButIsuggestcomparingyourselftoyourpastselfandyourfutureself.Thiscanmakeyoufeelproudofwhatyou’veachievedandexcitedaboutwhatyoumightdo.”可知，把自己和過去的自己進(jìn)行比較，會(huì)讓你對(duì)自己所取得的成就感到自豪。故選D。20．詞句猜測(cè)題。分析“‘Ifyoubegintofeelquitelow,focusonyourownstrengths.’saysJack.Inotherwords,youcanaskyourselfquestionslike‘WhatcanIdowellin?’,whichcanhelpyoutrustyourself.”可知，如果你開始感覺很低落，關(guān)注自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，找到自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，可以幫助你信任自己。yourownstrengths指的是優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Healsomentionsthatlearningtocelebrateyourfriends’successcannotonlyhelptocheeryourfriendsupbutalsohelpyoufeelgood.Itwillencourageyoutobuildeachotherup.”可知，懷特博士建議學(xué)會(huì)慶祝朋友的成功不僅能讓你的朋友高興起來，也能讓你感覺良好，它會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你們互相幫助。故選C。22．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文建議我們不要與別人比較，要專注于自己。選項(xiàng)C“走自己的路”符合主題。故選C。（2022·山東菏澤·中考真題）Theysayonceyoulearnhowtorideabike,youneverforget.Mostofuslearntwhenwewerekids,andmanystillshootoffforaridearoundthestreets.Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenariseinpopularity,sothequestionis:whatmakesitsopopulartopeopletoridetheirbikesonceagain?First,let’slookatthegoodforhealth.Cyclingcanimproveyourhealthandburnextrabodyfat.Exercisingyourlegshelpstoincreaseyourstrength.Andcycling’sgoodisn’tjustphysical,butmental(精神的)aswell.Alongrideinthecountrysidecouldhelpyoutoclearyourmind,orloweryourworry.Butit’snotonlyaboutyourbodyandmind,therearealsosomegoodsidesforyourwallet’s(錢包)health.Cyclingcanbeagreatwaytogotoworkorgoaroundtown.Bycycling,yousavemoneyinsteadofdrivingacarortakingabus.Ifyoudrivetowork,sometimesfindingsomewheretoparkcanbeaverydifficultthing.However,findingsomewheretolockyourbikecanbemuchsimpler.Then,onthebus,therearechangesatstationsandotherpassengersspeakingloudlyontheirphonestodealwith.Cyclistsfaceneitheroftheseproblems.Andifyou’reworriedaboutsafety,therearespecialcyclewaysinmanybigcities.Wearinghigh-visibility(高能見度)clothingisanotherwaytoimproveyoursafetywhencyclingontheroads.Finally,cyclingcanalsobegoodfortheenvironment.Itcanhelpyoutoreduceyourcarbonfootprint(碳足跡).Notgivinggasesoutintotheairisbetterfortheplanetandyourownenvironment.So,whetherpeoplewanttocyclefortheirhealth,goingaroundtown,theirwallet,theenvironment,oracombination(結(jié)合)ofallofthem,thepopularityofcyclingisontherise.23．Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainareason.B．Toraiseaquestion.C．Togiveanexample.24．Whatisthemeaningof“wallet'shealth”inParagraph2?A．Cyclingsavesmoney.B．Cyclingwastesmoney.C．Cyclingkeepsyourwalletsafe.25．Whyiscyclinggoodfortheenvironment?A．Itburnsextrabodyfat.B．Itiseasytolockabicycle.C．Ithelpsreducecarbonfootprint.26．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Cyclingforphysicalhealth.B．Cyclingforsafetyontheroad.C．Thegrowingpopularityofcycling.【答案】23．B24．A25．C26．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了騎自行車再次受到歡迎的現(xiàn)象以及原因。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenariseinpopularity,sothequestionis:whatmakesitsopopulartopeopletoridetheirbikesonceagain?”可知,第一段的目的是引出話題：為什么騎自行車如此受歡迎。故選B。24．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Bycycling,yousavemoneyinsteadofdrivingacarortakingabus.”可知,騎自行車可以省錢，因此“wallet’shealth”指的是“騎自行車很省錢”。故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itcanhelpyoutoreduceyourcarbonfootprint.Notgivinggasesoutintotheairisbetterfortheplanetandyourownenvironment.”可知,騎自行車對(duì)環(huán)境有好處是因?yàn)橛兄跍p少碳足跡。故選C。26．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“whatmakesitsopopulartopeopletoridetheirbikesonceagain?”與最后一段“So,whetherpeoplewanttocyclefortheirhealth,goingaroundtown,theirwallet,theenvironment,oracombinationofallofthem,thepopularityofcyclingisontherise.”以及通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了騎自行車再次受到歡迎的現(xiàn)象以及原因。C選項(xiàng)“騎自行車越來越受歡迎?！狈现黝}。故選C。（2022·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）OnAugust30,2021,theChinesegovernmentannouncedthatkidswouldnotbeallowedtoplayonlinegamesMondaystoThursdays.Onweekendsandholidays,kidswouldbelimited(限制)toanhouradayofonlinegaming.“Recently,manyparentshavereportedthatplayinggamescrazilyamongsomeyouthsandchildrenisseriouslyharmingtheirnormalstudy,lifeandhealth.”theChinesegovernmentsaidonline.Thisnewsgotusthinking.Shouldthegovernmentberesponsibleforlimitinghowmuchtimekidsspendonline?Herearesomestudents’opinions.EsmeMcNeely,11Thegovernmentshouldnotsetscreen-timelimits.Thatdecisionshouldbeuptoparents.Somechildrenneedtousescreensforhomework.AndduringtheCOVID-19,oneoftheonlywaystotalktofriendswasonline.Governmentlimitswouldnotbefairtopeoplewhoarecarefulwiththeirscreentime.LucasBarone,11Thegovernmentshouldnotlimitscreentime.A2021studyfromtheUniversityofColoradoBouldersaysscreentimemightbelessharmfultokidsthanpeoplethink.Someparentsworrythatchildrenonlinetoomuchwon’tmakefriends.Butthestudyreportsthatscreentimecanactuallyimprovekids’friendships.Infact,screentimecanbeeducational.Iusewebsitestoreadandtolearnmath.XiuhanZhu,9Ithinkthegovernmentshouldtakeactionandlimitscreentimeforkids.Toomuchscreentimecanleadtotirednessandlesssocialtime.Peoplewhousesmartphonesaremorelikelytogetintocaraccidents.Electricalproductslikecomputerscanalsobeharmfulforkids.Ifkidsaren’tcarefulwiththewebsitestheyuse,criminalscangetimportantinformation.NingLi,10MostpeoplespendtoomuchtimeontheirphonesandTVs.Theyhurttheireyesandwastetheirtime.AndwatchingalotofTVorplayinggamescaninfluencekids’learningandsocialskills.Ifthegovernmentlimitedscreentime,peoplewouldbeencouragedtospendmoretimewiththeirfamily.Theymightjoinasportsteamintheirneighborhood.27．Whenarekidsallowedtoplayonlinegamesforanhouraday?A．OnMondays. B．OnWednesday. C．Onweekends.28．Whoisagainstscreen-timelimits?A．EsmeMcNeely. B．XiuhanZhu. C．NingLi.29．WhatdoesthestudyfromheUniversityofColoradoBouldershow?A．Screentimemightdonoharmtokids.B．Screentimecanimprovekids’friendships.C．Screentimewon’thelpkidsmakefriends.30．WhatareNingLi’sopinionsaboutscreen-timelimits?A．Toomuchscreentimecanleadtotiredness.B．Criminalscangetimportantinformationeasily.C．Peopleareencouragedtospendmoretimewiththeirfamily.31．Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A．Screentimecanbeeducational.B．Screentimecanleadtolesssocialtime.C．Whetherthegovernmentshouldsetscreen-timelimits.【答案】27．C28．A29．B30．C31．C【導(dǎo)語】本文針對(duì)政府是否應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)限制孩子們花在網(wǎng)上的時(shí)間，幾個(gè)孩子給出了自己的看法。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Onweekendsandholidays,kidswouldbelimited(限制)toanhouradayofonlinegaming.”可知，在周末和節(jié)假日，孩子們每天只能玩一個(gè)小時(shí)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲。故選C。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“EsmeMcNeely,11...Thegovernmentshouldnotsetscreen-timelimits.”可知，EsmeMcNeely反對(duì)限制，故選A。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A2021studyfromtheUniversityofColoradoBouldersaysscreentimemightbelessharmfultokidsthanpeoplethink.Someparentsworrythatchildrenonlinetoomuchwon’tmakefriends.Butthestudyreportsthatscreentimecanactuallyimprovekids’friendships.”可知，科羅拉多大學(xué)博爾德分校2021年的一項(xiàng)研究稱，屏幕時(shí)間對(duì)孩子的傷害可能比人們想象的要小，一些家長(zhǎng)擔(dān)心孩子上網(wǎng)太多會(huì)交不到朋友，但研究報(bào)告稱，屏幕時(shí)間實(shí)際上可以改善孩子們的友誼。故選B。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifthegovernmentlimitedscreentime,peoplewouldbeencouragedtospendmoretimewiththeirfamily.”可知，如果限制屏幕時(shí)間，人們就會(huì)被鼓勵(lì)花更多的時(shí)間和家人在一起。故選C。31．主旨大意題。本文針對(duì)政府是否應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)限制孩子們花在網(wǎng)上的時(shí)間，幾個(gè)孩子給出了自己的看法。選項(xiàng)C“政府是否應(yīng)該設(shè)置屏幕時(shí)間限制”符合主題，故選C。（2021·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考中考真題）It’slongbeenascientificdream:togivepeopleaspecialvaccinebeforebirthtopreventthemfromgettingterribleillnesses.Geneediting(基因編輯)isonewayinwhichwecoulddothis.Butthismethodhasalsocreatedsomediscussion.InanonlinevideopostedonNov.26,2018,HeJiankui,aresearcherattheSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnology,saidthathehadhelpedtomaketheworld’sfirstgeneticallyeditedbabies.ThebabiesaretwingirlswhowereborninNovember.TheirfatherhadHIV.Thetwins’geneswereeditedinordertopreventthemfromsufferingfromtheHIVvirus.HesaidhechosetodothisbecauseHIViswidespreadinChina.“Ifeelsuchastrongdutynotonlytobethefirsttodothis,butalsotosetanexample,”hetoldAP.Buthisactionscausedmanyquestions.Althoughgeneeditingmayhelptopreventdisease,manypeoplearewonderingifitissafeandethicaltouseitonhumans.SomebelievethatgeneeditingcouldbeusefultoHIVpatients.HIVis“alargeandgrowingpublichealthproblem”,accordingtoHarvardMedicalSchoolgeneticprofessorGeorgeChurch.UsinggeneeditingforHIVis“agoodidea”,ChurchtoldAP.However,othersthinkthatgeneeditingisstillinitsexperimentalperiodsandcouldresultinterriblechanges.“Itcouldcausegeneticproblemslaterinlife,includingthedevelopmentofcancer,”JulianSavulescufromtheUniversityofOxfordtoldBBCNews.Othersfearthatpeoplemightusegeneeditingtechnologytomake“designer(設(shè)計(jì)的)babies”.Itwouldgiveparentstheabilitytochooseeverythingfromtheirbaby’seyecolourtotheirIQ.“Youcouldfindwealthyparentsbuyingthelatest‘upgrades’fortheirchildren,leadingtoevengreaterunfairnessthanwealreadylivewith,”MarcyDarnovsky,directoroftheSanFranciscoCenterforGeneticstoldBBCNews.32．WhatdoweknowaboutHeJiankui?A．Hewasthefirstpersontoeditgenes.B．HemadethetwinssufferfromHIVwhenheeditedtheirgenes.C．Hemadetheworld’sfirstgeneticallyeditedbabies.D．Hewasthefirstpersonwhosegeneswereedited.33．WhoagreedthatgeneeditingcouldbehelpfultoHIVpatients?A．GeorgeChurch. B．JulianSavulescu.C．MarcyDarnovsky. D．Chineseresearchers.34．Theunderlinedword“ethical”inthepassageprobablymeans“________”.A．合乎常情的 B．道德的 C．有價(jià)值的 D．有效的35．Accordingtothestory,weknowthatgeneediting________.A．issupportedbythewriter B．isgoodforwealthypeopleC．causessomeheatedargument D．hasbeenusedwidelyintheUK36．Whatdoes“designerbabies”meaninthepassage?A．Parentscanchangetheirbaby’seyecolour.B．Parentsareabletochoosetheirbaby’sheight.C．Parentscangivetheirbabyeverythingthatheorshelikes.D．Parentshaveachancetopreventtheirbabyfromsufferingfromthevirus.【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．C36．B【分析】本文講述了通過基因編輯可以決定從眼睛顏色到智力的一切東西。南方科技大學(xué)的研究員賀建奎制造了世界上第一批基因編輯嬰兒，目前這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的合理性引起了強(qiáng)烈的爭(zhēng)論。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InanonlinevideopostedonNov.26,2018,HeJiankui,aresearcherattheSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnology,saidthathehadhelpedtomaketheworld’sfirstgeneticallyeditedbabies.”可知，在2018年11月26日發(fā)布的一段網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻中，南方科技大學(xué)研究員賀建奎表示，他幫助制造了世界上第一批基因編輯嬰兒。故選C。

33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“UsinggeneeditingforHIVis‘a(chǎn)goodidea’,ChurchtoldAP.”可知，GeorgeChurch同意基因編輯對(duì)艾滋病患者有幫助，故選A。34．詞義猜測(cè)題。分析“Althoughgeneeditingmayhelptopreventdisease,manypeoplearewonderingifitissafeandethicaltouseitonhumans.”可知，雖然基因編輯可能有助于預(yù)防疾病，但許多人都想知道，在人類身上使用基因編輯是否安全和道德。所以ethical的意思是“道德的”，故選B。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butthismethodhasalsocreatedsomediscussion.”以及后文人們對(duì)于基因編輯的不同看法可知，根據(jù)這篇報(bào)道，我們知道基因編輯引發(fā)了一些激烈的爭(zhēng)論。故選C。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Othersfearthatpeoplemightusegeneeditingtechnologytomake“designer(設(shè)計(jì)的)babies”.Itwouldgiveparentstheabilitytochooseeverythingfromtheirbaby’seyecolourtotheirIQ.”可知，其他人則擔(dān)心人們可能會(huì)使用基因編輯技術(shù)制造“設(shè)計(jì)嬰兒”，這將使父母有能力選擇一切，從孩子的眼睛顏色到智商。故選B。

（2021·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Justtheotherday,IwasinabookshopandfoundabooknamedHowtomakefriendswithforeigners.AsaCanadianlivinginChinaforayear,Iwascurioustoseewhatkindofadvic