北京郵電大學(xué)人文學(xué)院243英語(yǔ)二外歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2010年北京郵電大學(xué)243英語(yǔ)二外考研真題及詳解

2011年北京郵電大學(xué)243英語(yǔ)二外考研真題及詳解

2012年北京郵電大學(xué)243英語(yǔ)二外考研真題及詳解

2013年北京郵電大學(xué)243英語(yǔ)二外考研真題及詳解

2010年北京郵電大學(xué)243英語(yǔ)二外

考研真題及詳解

PartⅠWordform（10points,1*10）

Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththeproper

formofthewordderivedfromtheonegiveninbrackets.Writeyouranswer

onyourAnswerSheetwiththequestionnumber1to10.

1.Hervisittomuseums_____herlifeinFrance.（rich）

【答案】toenrich

【解析】句意：她參觀博物館以豐富她在法國(guó)的生活。enrich意

為“使豐富”。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

2.Hisheavyworkloadgraduallymadehima_____latesleeper.

（habit）

【答案】habitual

【解析】句意：他沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)使他成為一個(gè)習(xí)慣性晚睡的人。

habitual意為“習(xí)慣的”。形容詞作定語(yǔ)。

3.Mr.AndMrs.Simpsonbecameregular_____aftertheymovedtothe

newneighborhood.（church,go）

【答案】churchgoers

【解析】句意：辛普森夫婦在搬到新社區(qū)后成為了常去做禮拜的

人。churchgoer意為“常做禮拜的人”。

4.Underallthefun,there’re_____dangersintheamusementpark,

especiallyforchildren.（hide）

【答案】hidden

【解析】句意：在所有簡(jiǎn)單無(wú)害的娛樂(lè)項(xiàng)目背后都隱藏著危險(xiǎn)，特

別是對(duì)兒童而言。hidden意為“隱藏的”。

5.MyroommateandIcanneverbecomeintimatefriendsbecauseofher

_____jealousy.（rational）

【答案】irrational

【解析】句意：我和室友永遠(yuǎn)不能變成密友，因?yàn)樗偸菬o(wú)理由的

嫉妒。irrational意為“無(wú)理由的”。

6.Our_____Chinesefriendscametohisrescue,butfailed.

（intention）

【答案】well-intentioned

【解析】句意：我們的中國(guó)朋友出于好意來(lái)救他，結(jié)果失敗了。

well-intentioned意為“出于好意的”。

7.Moreandmorebusinessmenrealizedtheimportanceto_____their

productsininternationaltrade.（standard）

【答案】standardize

【解析】句意：越來(lái)越多的商人意識(shí)到國(guó)際貿(mào)易中使商品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

化的重要性。standardize為動(dòng)詞形式，意為“使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”。

8.Theearthquakeareareceived_____helpfromitsneighboring

provinces.（brother）

【答案】brotherly

【解析】句意：遭到地震的區(qū)域受到了來(lái)自鄰省兄弟般的救援。

brotherly意為“兄弟般的”。

9.Specialguidanceandhelpneedtobeprovidedforthe_____members

ofthestaff.（qualified）

【答案】unqualified

【解析】句意：特殊的輔導(dǎo)和幫助將給予不合格的員工。unqualified

意為“不合格的”。

10.Hewastryingallpossiblemeanstopersuadeallthecommittee

membersto_____hisplan.（back）

【答案】backup

【解析】句意：他千方百計(jì)讓委員會(huì)成員支持他的計(jì)劃。backup意

為“支持”。

PartⅡVocabularyandstructure（15points,0.5*30）

Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreach

sentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONE

answerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenwriteyouransweronthe

AnswerSheet.

11.ThetwoAsiancountrieswitnesseda_____growthinpopularity

theseyears.

A.fixed

B.stable

C.steady

D.regular

【答案】C

【解析】句意：這兩個(gè)亞洲國(guó)家目睹了近年來(lái)的聲望的穩(wěn)定提高。

fixed固定的。stable穩(wěn)定不變的。steady穩(wěn)定變化的。regular有規(guī)則的。

growth代表“增長(zhǎng)”，也就是說(shuō)并非保持原來(lái)水平一成不變，所以應(yīng)該用

表示穩(wěn)定變化的steady。因此答案選C。

12.Thecauseoftheaircrashisstill_____investigation;noevidence

hasbeenfound.

A.under

B.at

C.with

D.through

【答案】A

【解析】句意：空難發(fā)生的原因還在調(diào)查中，目前沒(méi)有找到任何證

據(jù)。underinvestigation意為“在調(diào)查中”，為固定搭配。因此答案選A。

13.Hefaceda_____ofsevencharges,allaccusinghimoflyingabout

hisfinancialstate.

A.total

B.complete

C.whole

D.entire

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他一共面臨七項(xiàng)指控，每項(xiàng)指控都指責(zé)他謊報(bào)財(cái)務(wù)

狀況。total總計(jì)的；全部的。complete完整的；完成的。whole全部的，

所有的。entire全部的，整個(gè)的。total與其余三個(gè)詞的不同在于，它強(qiáng)調(diào)

計(jì)算總量。題中提到了“七項(xiàng)指控”，有明確的計(jì)算數(shù)字。因此答案選

A。

14.Thenewairporthasover100_____flightsadayto15U.S.

destinations.

A.home

B.domestic

C.inward

D.abroad

【答案】B

【解析】句意：這個(gè)新的飛機(jī)場(chǎng)每天有超過(guò)100次國(guó)內(nèi)航班飛往美國(guó)

的15個(gè)目的地。home家庭的。domestic國(guó)內(nèi)的。inward向內(nèi)的。abroad

往國(guó)外的。在“航班”的相關(guān)表達(dá)中，domesticflight國(guó)內(nèi)航班；overseas

flight國(guó)外航班；internationalflight國(guó)際航班。因此答案選B。

15.Theclubfollowedthesamerulesalltheseyears.Itis_____toany

formofchange.

A.resolved

B.resistant

C.restricted

D.reserved

【答案】B

【解析】句意：這家俱樂(lè)部這些年來(lái)始終墨守成規(guī)，拒絕任何形式

的改變。resolved斷然的；下定決心的。resistant抵抗的；頑固的。

restricted受限制的；保密的。reserved預(yù)訂的；儲(chǔ)藏著的。因此答案選

B。

16.Thereisevery_____ofaneconomicrecoverynextyear.

A.perspective

B.respective

C.prospect

D.suspect

【答案】C

【解析】句意：明年經(jīng)濟(jì)有望復(fù)蘇。perspective觀點(diǎn)；景色。

respective各自的；分別的。prospect前景；期望。suspect懷疑。因此答

案選C。

17.Energyconservationasaphilosophywas_____outofthe1973oil

crisis.

A.carried

B.born

C.put

D.brought

【答案】B

【解析】句意：能源節(jié)約的理念產(chǎn)生于1973年的石油危機(jī)。carryout

進(jìn)行；執(zhí)行。bebornout從……中產(chǎn)生。putout撲滅；伸出。bringout出

版；取出。因此答案選B。

18.Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingthey_____again.

A.werenevertomeet

B.willnevermeet

C.wouldnevertomeet

D.willhavenevermet

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他們互相說(shuō)再見(jiàn)，并不知他們以后不會(huì)再見(jiàn)。后半

句表示的是將來(lái)時(shí)，但整個(gè)句子是過(guò)去時(shí)，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。betodo結(jié)

構(gòu)用于表示將來(lái)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，因此weretomeet形式正確。would為情

態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用原形，C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此答案選A。

19._____,youshouldspendsometimecompanyingyourparents.

A.Youaresobusy

B.Howbusyyouare

C.Howbusyareyou

D.Howeverbusyyouare

【答案】D

【解析】句意：無(wú)論你有多忙，你都應(yīng)該抽出時(shí)間陪伴父母。

however=nomatterhow，意為“無(wú)論”，符合題意。因此答案選D。

20.All_____wasneededwasonefinalpushtoclosethebusinessdeal.

A.which

B.what

C.there

D.that

【答案】D

【解析】句意：一切所需要來(lái)達(dá)成協(xié)議的只剩最后一步。分析句子

結(jié)構(gòu)，主句為“Allwasonefinalpushtoclosethebusinessdeal”，其中

的“wasneeded”為修飾“All”的定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)先行詞為all，alot，（a）

little，few，much等詞時(shí)，連接詞只能用that。因此答案選D。

2l.I’veattachedmycontactinformationintherecommendationletter

_____youhavefurtherquestions.

A.because

B.inorder

C.forfear

D.incase

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我在推薦信中附上我的聯(lián)系方式，以免你有更多問(wèn)

題。because因?yàn)?。inorder整齊，秩序井然。forfear和incase都有“以

免”的意思，區(qū)別在于，incase代表“為避免后面的情況出現(xiàn)，要做前面

的動(dòng)作”；forfear代表“要做后面的動(dòng)作，以防止前面的情況出現(xiàn)”。根

據(jù)句意可知，“我附上聯(lián)系方式”是為了避免“更多問(wèn)題”。因此答案選

D。

22.Rumorswerealreadybeginningtocirculatethattheproject_____

havetobeabandoned.

A.might

B.should

C.ought

D.could

【答案】A

【解析】句意：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)流產(chǎn)的傳言已經(jīng)開(kāi)始傳播開(kāi)來(lái)。

might可能。should應(yīng)該。oughtto應(yīng)該。could可以。因此答案選A。

23.I’dratheryou_____meaboutthenews.Itmademefeelworse.

A.didn’ttell

B.hadn’ttold

C.wouldn’ttell

D.nottell

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我寧愿你沒(méi)有告訴我這個(gè)消息，這令我感覺(jué)很不

好。wouldrather意為“寧可”，為虛擬語(yǔ)氣，時(shí)態(tài)回移，“告訴”為過(guò)去

時(shí)，回移應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。因此答案選B。

24.Nosoonerhadthegamestarted_____itbegantorain.

A.than

B.when

C.that

D.as

【答案】A

【解析】句意：游戲一開(kāi)始就下雨了。nosooner...than...引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀

語(yǔ)從句，意為“一……就……”，為固定句式。因此答案選A。

25.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms_____backbeforethe

deadline.

A.mustbesent

B.wouldbesent

C.besent

D.wereseat

【答案】C

【解析】句意：申請(qǐng)書在截至日期前送回來(lái)，這是最基本的要求。

此題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法：在句型“It’s＋adj＋that…”中，如果形容詞是

essential，necessary，natural等詞，從句中用sbshoulddo的結(jié)構(gòu)，should

可以省略。因此答案選C。

26.Theengineinthefactory_____smokeandsteamwhichbecomesa

majorsourceofpollutionintheneighborhood.

A.givesup

B.givesin

C.givesaway

D.givesoff

【答案】D

【解析】句意：工廠中發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放的煙和蒸汽是周圍污染的主要來(lái)

源。giveup放棄。givein屈服。giveaway贈(zèng)送。giveoff散發(fā)出。因此答

案選D。

27.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswas

goingon.

A.tobeinformed

B.oninforming

C.informed

D.informing

【答案】C

【解析】句意：經(jīng)理答應(yīng)我通知生意的進(jìn)展情況。由于我是被通

知，inform和me之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)informed。因此

答案選C。

28.Asa_____president,hisviewsaretreatedwithrespectwhenheis

interviewed.

A.prior

B.previous

C.late

D.former

【答案】D

【解析】句意：作為前任總統(tǒng)，當(dāng)他接受采訪時(shí)，他的觀點(diǎn)受到尊

重。prior優(yōu)先的。late遲的。previous和former都有“之前的”的意思，但

previous強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間順序，且在表示人的時(shí)候不用previous。因此答案選

D。

29.ThesupplyofelectricpowertoMadridandneighboringdistrictshas

hadtobe_____.

A.weakened

B.omitted

C.restricted

D.lowered

【答案】C

【解析】句意：送往馬德里及周邊的電量供應(yīng)不得不受到限制。

weaken減弱。omit省略。restrict限制。lower降低。與“供應(yīng)”搭配的只

有“限制”。因此答案選C。

30.Maryisinbedwithafeverandshecan’thopeto_____thecoldina

fewdays.

A.getover

B.getaway

C.getoff

D.getout

【答案】A

【解析】句意：瑪麗臥病在床，不可能在幾天內(nèi)戰(zhàn)勝感冒。getover

克服。getaway離開(kāi)。getoff脫離。getout出去。因此答案選A。

31.Thesocksweretoosmallanditwasonlyby_____themthathe

managedtoputthemon.

A.spreading

B.extending

C.lengthening

D.stretching

【答案】D

【解析】句意：襪子太小了，只有拉長(zhǎng)了他才能勉強(qiáng)穿上。

spread（疾病、謠言等）傳播。extend擴(kuò)展。lengthen使延長(zhǎng)。stretch拉

長(zhǎng)；伸展。因此答案選D。

32.Ihopemyteacherwilltakemyrecentillnessinto_____when

judgingmyexamination.

A.regard

B.account

C.counting

D.observation

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我希望老師在評(píng)價(jià)我的考試時(shí)能考慮到我最近生病

的情況。takesth.intoaccount意為“考慮到”，為固定搭配。因此答案選

B。

33.Americanwomenwere_____therighttovoteuntil1920aftermany

yearsofhardstruggle.

A.ignored

B.refused

C.neglected

D.denied

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在經(jīng)過(guò)多年的艱苦奮斗之后，美國(guó)婦女終于在1920

年獲得了選舉權(quán)。ignore忽視。refuse拒絕。neglect忽視。deny否認(rèn)；拒

絕給予。denysb.therighttodosth.意為“剝奪了做某事的權(quán)利”，為固定

搭配。因此答案選D。

34.Mostparentsencouragetheirchildrentotakeanactivepartinsocial

events,_____thoseeventsdonotinterferewiththeirstudies.

A.lest

B.unless

C.though

D.provided

【答案】D

【解析】句意：大多數(shù)父母允許孩子參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)，只要這些活動(dòng)

不影響學(xué)習(xí)。concerning關(guān)于。until直到。unless除非。provided只要。

因此答案選D。

35.Someinsectscanbuildcomplexsocieties_____differenttypesof

individualsperformingdifferenttasks.

A.takenfrom

B.composedof

C.madeof

D.developedfrom

【答案】B

【解析】句意：一些昆蟲能夠建立由不同的個(gè)體組成的、各自承擔(dān)

不同任務(wù)的復(fù)雜社會(huì)。composeof作后置定語(yǔ)，意為“由……組成”。take

from減少。bemadeof由……構(gòu)成（原材料顯而易見(jiàn)）。developfrom產(chǎn)

生出。因此答案選B。

36.Youaregettingtoooldforfootball.You’dbetter_____tennis

instead.

A.takein

B.takefor

C.takeup

D.takeover

【答案】C

【解析】句意：踢足球的話你年紀(jì)太大了，你最好還是打網(wǎng)球吧！

takein吸收；理解；欺騙。takefor把……認(rèn)為是。takeup從事；占據(jù)；

繼續(xù)。takeover接管。因此答案選C。

37.Intheadvancedcoursestudentsmusttakeperformancetestsat

monthly_____.

A.gaps

B.length

C.intervals

D.distance

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在進(jìn)階課程上，學(xué)生們每月都要進(jìn)行技能測(cè)試。gap

缺口；間隙。length長(zhǎng)度。interval時(shí)間間隔。distance距離。此題中“每

月”是指時(shí)間的間隔。因此答案選C。

38.Ourcompanydecidedto_____thecontractbecauseanumberofthe

conditionsinithadnotbeenmet.

A.destroy

B.resist

C.erase

D.cancel

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我們公司決定取消合同，因?yàn)楹贤锩娴暮芏鄺l件

都不符合。destroy破壞；摧毀。resist抵抗。erase抹去；清除。cancel取

消。因此答案選D。

39.Youcan’taffordtoletthesituationgetworse.Youmusttake_____

toputitfight.

A.decisions

B.directions

C.sides

D.steps

【答案】D

【解析】句意：你不能讓情況變得更糟，你必須采取行動(dòng)積極應(yīng)

對(duì)。takestepstodosth.=takeactionstodosth.意為“采取行動(dòng)做某事”，為

固定搭配。因此答案選D。

40.Frankfurt,Germany,isinoneofthemost_____populatedregions

ofWesternEurope.

A.densely

B.vastly

C.enormously

D.largely

【答案】A

【解析】句意：德國(guó)法蘭克福是西歐人口最稠密的地區(qū)之一。

densely稠密地。vastly地域?qū)拸V地。enormously數(shù)量龐大地。largely大體

上地。因此答案選A。

PartⅢReadingComprehensionPassages（40points,2*20）

Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageis

followedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andthenwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Ifyouwanttostayyoung,sitdownandhaveagoodthink.Thisisthe

researchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctors,whosaythatmostofour

brainsarenotgettingenoughexerciseandasaresult,weareageing

unnecessarilysoon.

ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthy

farmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkand

reasonatarelativelyearlyage,andhowtheprocessofageingcouldbe

sloweddown.

WithateamofcolleaguesatGokyoNationalUniversity,hesetabout

measuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvarying

occupations.

Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecise,

measurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain,which

relatetointellectandemotion,anddeterminethehumancharacter.（The

rearsectionofthebrain,whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing,

doesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualor

emotionalfaculties.）

Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedin

somesubjectsintheirthirties,butitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyand

seventy-year-olds.

Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothe

contractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingthehead.

Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbegins

soonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.Thoseleastatrisk,says

Matsuzawa,arelawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.

Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesare,however,

aslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworker,busdriverandshop

assistant.

Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfrom

shrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefresh

oxygenthebraincellsneed.“Thebestwaytomaintaingoodblood

circulationisthroughusingthebrain?”Hesays,“Thinkhardandengagein

conversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators.”

41.Theteamofdoctorswantedtofindout_____.

A.whycertainpeopleagesoonerthanothers

B.howtostophumanbrainfromageing

C.thesizeofcertainpeople’sbrains

D.whichpeoplearemostintelligent

42.Onwhataretheirresearchfindingsbased?

A.AsurveyoffarmersinnorthernJapan.

B.Testsperformedonathousandoldpeople.

C.Thestudyofbrainvolumesofdifferentpeople.

D.Thelatestdevelopmentofcomputertechnology.

43.Thedoctor’stestsshowthat_____.

A.ourbrainsshrinkaswegrowolder

B.thefrontsectionofthebraindoesnotshrink

C.sixty-year-oldshavebetterbrainsthanthirty-year-olds

D.somepeople’sbrainshavecontractedmorethanotherpeople’s

44.Theword“subjects”（Line1,Para.5）means_____.

A.peoplewithcertaindisease

B.somethingtobeconsidered

C.branchesofknowledgestudied

D.personschosentobestudiedinanexperiment

45.Accordingtothepassage,whichpeopleseemtoageslowerthan

others?

A.Lawyers.

B.Farmers.

C.Clerks.

D.Shopassistants.

【答案與解析】

41.B根據(jù)第二段最后半句“…h(huán)owtheprocessofageingcouldbe

sloweddown”可知，專家正在尋找使人腦衰老減緩的方法。因此答案選

B。

42.C根據(jù)第三段“WithateamofcolleaguesatGokyoNational

University,hesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleof

differentagesandvaryingoccupations.”可知，專家們的研究基于這次對(duì)不

同年齡和不同職業(yè)的千人的腦容量的測(cè)試。因此答案選C。

43.D根據(jù)第七段第一句“Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthat

contractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthe

towns.”可知，鄉(xiāng)村里的人比城市里的人大腦萎縮得快。因此答案選D。

44.D根據(jù)第五段后半句“…itwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyand

seventy-year-olds.”可知，subject在這里是被抽中做實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的主體。因

此答案選D。

45.A根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Thoseleastatrisk,saysMatsuzawa,are

lawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.”可知，律師的大腦

比其他職業(yè)的人萎縮得慢。因此答案選A。

PassageTwo

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

TheEnglishhavethereputationofbeingverydifferentfromallother

nationalities.Itisclaimedthatlivingonanislandseparatedfromtherestof

Europehasmuchtodowithit.Whateverthereasons,itmaybefairlystated

thattheEnglishmanhasdevelopedsomeattitudesandhabitsdistinguishing

himfromothernationalities.

Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedperson

amongpeopleheknowswell.Beforestrangersheoftenseemsinhibited,even

embarrassed.Youhaveonlytowitnessarailwaycompartmentanymorning

oreveningtoseethemath.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensit

readingtheirnewspapersordozing（打盹）inacomer;noonespeaks.An

Englishwitoncesuggestedtooverseasvisitors,“Onenteringarailway

compartmentshakehandswithallthepassengers.”Needlesstosay,hewas

notbeingserious.Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeof

behavior,which,ifbroken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectof

suspicion.

ItiswellknownthattheEnglishseldomshowopenlyextremesof

enthusiasm,emotionetc.Ofcourse,anEnglishmanfeelsnolessthanany

othernationality.Imagineamancommentingonthegreatbeautyofayoung

girl.Amanofmoreemotionaltemperamentmightdescribeheras“a

marvelousjewel”,whiletheEnglishmanwillflatlystate“Urn,she’sall

right”.AnEnglishmanmayrecommendahighlysuccessfulandenjoyable

filmtofriendsbycommenting,“It’snotbad.”Theoverseasvisitorsmustnot

bedisappointedbythisapparentlackofinterest;hemustrealizethat“all

right”,“notbad”areveryoftenusedwiththesenseof“firstclass”,

“excellent”.ThisspecialuseoflanguageisparticularlycommoninEnglish.

46.OneexplanationforthedifferentcharacterofEnglishpeopleisthat

_____.

A.theyaregeographicallyisolatedfromtheEuropeancontinent

B.theyhavenothingtodowiththeotherEuropeans

C.theyliketokeepquietamongtheiracquaintances

D.theytendtobereservedbynature

47.Theword“inhibited”（Line2,Para.2）inthispassageprobably

means_____.

A.unabletohavegoodmanners

B.unabletoexpressandrelaxfreely

C.unabletothinkproperly

D.unabletomovearoundfreely

48.Accordingtothepassage,onenteringarailwaycompartment,an

overseasvisitorisexpectedto_____.

A.inquireaboutthecodeofbehaviorinthetrain

B.shakehandswithallthepassengers

C.shakehandswiththepersonheknows

D.behavelikeanEnglishman

49.TheEnglishwayofcommentingonsomethingorsomebody

suggeststhat_____.

A.theEnglisharemodestinmostcircumstances

B.theEnglishfeelnolessthananyothernationality

C.theEnglishtendtodisplaylessemotionthantheyfeel

D.theEnglishdon’ttakeastronginteresthamakingcomment

50.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.ThedifferencesbetweentheEnglishandtheotherEuropeans.

B.ThedifferentcharacteroftheEnglishmananditsreason.

C.ThereasonforEnglishpeople’sshyness.

D.ThecodeofbehaviorofthenationalitiesinEurope.

【答案與解析】

46.A根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itisclaimedthatlivingonanisland

separatedfromtherestofEuropehasmuchtodowithit.”可知，英國(guó)人性

格成因的一種說(shuō)法是他們居住在與歐洲大陸分隔的孤立的島上。因此答

案選A。

47.B根據(jù)第二段第一句“Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,

shy,reservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell.”可知，英國(guó)人的性格總

體上說(shuō)是安靜害羞的，面對(duì)陌生人緊張而無(wú)法放松和表達(dá)自我。因此答

案選B。

48.D根據(jù)第二段第五句“Onenteringarailwaycompartmentshake

handswithallthepassengers.Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious.

Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehavior,which,if

broken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectofsuspicion.”可知，外國(guó)

人是不能違背英國(guó)人的行為準(zhǔn)則的。因此答案選D。

49.C根據(jù)第三段前兩句“ItiswellknownthattheEnglishseldom

showopenlyextremesofenthusiasm,emotionetc.Ofcourse,anEnglishman

feelsnolessthananyothernationality.”可知，英國(guó)人的感情和其他國(guó)家的

人一樣也很豐富，但卻寡言少語(yǔ)不善表達(dá)。因此答案選C。

50.B全文主旨題。本文主要描述的是英國(guó)人沉默寡言的性格及其

成因。因此答案選B。

PassageThree

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ThanksgivingiscelebratedeveryyearonthefourthThursdayof

November.ThemonthofNovemberisinautumn,themainseasonfor

harvestingcrops.

ThewriterO.HenrycalledThanksgivingtheoneholidaythatispurely

American.Itisnotareligiousholiday.Butithasspiritualmeaning.

ThanksgivingbeganwiththefirstEuropeansettlersinAmerica.They

gatheredtheircrops,celebratedandgavethanksforthefood.

TraditionsaysPilgrimsettlersfromEnglandcelebratedthefirst

Thanksgivingin1621.Thereisevidencethatsettlersinotherpartsof

AmericaheldearlierThanksgivingcelebrations.ButthePilgrims’

Thanksgivingstoryisthemostpopular.

ThePilgrimswerereligiousdissidentswhofledoppressioninEngland.

TheywentfirsttotheNetherlands.Thentheyleftthatcountrytoestablisha

colonyinNorthAmerica,ThePilgrimslandedin1620inwhatlaterbecame

knownasPlymouth,Massachusetts.

TheirvoyageacrosstheAtlanticOceanwasdifficult.Theirfirstmonths

inAmericaweredifficult,too.AboutonehundredPilgrimslandedjustas

autumnwasturningtowinter.Duringthecoldmonthsthatfollowed,about

halfofthemdied.

Whenspringcame,thePilgrimsbegantoplantcrops.AnAmerican

IndiannamedSquantohelpedthem.Whensummerended,thePilgrimshada

goodharvestofcornandbarley.Therewasenoughfoodtolastthroughthe

winter.

ThePilgrimsdecidedtoholdacelebrationtogivethanksfortheir

harvest.WritingsfromthattimesayPilgrimleaderWilliamBradfordseta

dalelateintheyear.HeinvitedmembersofanearbyIndiantribetotakepart.

Thereweremanykindsoffoodtoeat.Themealincludedwildbirds’suchas

ducks,geeseandturkeys.Thatthanksgivingcelebrationlastedthreedays.

AstheAmericancoloniesgrew,manytownsandsettlementsheld

thanksgivingorharvestcelebrations.

51.ThanksgivingDayisoriginallycelebratedbypeoplefor_____.

A.freedom

B.health

C.safety

D.harvest

52.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthepassage?

A.ThanksgivingDayisaholidaycelebratedbypeoplealloverthe

world.

B.ThanksgivingDayisaholidaywithahistoryofmorethan300years.

C.ThanksgivingDayisaholidaywithspecialreligioussignificance

only.

D.ThanksgivingDayisaholidaycomingfromEurope.

53.Basedonthepassage,wecanlearnthat_____.

A.AmericanIndianswereverybrutal

B.thePilgrimscametoAmericatomakefriendswithIndians

C.inEngland,thePilgrimssufferedcreelreligiousoppression

D.thePilgrimscametoAmericatolookfornewfood

54.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedtothePilgrimsduringtheir

firstwinterinAmerica?

A.Theybegantoraiseducks,geeseandturkeys.

B.AmericanIndianshelpedthemplantcrops.

C.Duetothecoldandhunger,about50ofthemdied.

D.TheyinvitednearbyIndianstohavedinnertogether.

55.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.

A.TheOriginofThanksgivingDay

B.HowtoCelebrateThanksgivingDay

C.TheSignificanceofThanksgivingDay

D.TheTraditionofThanksgivingDay

【答案與解析】

51.D根據(jù)第一段最后一句“…themainseasonforharvesting

crops.”及第三段第二句“Theygatheredtheircrops,celebratedandgave

thanksforthefood.”可知，感恩節(jié)起初是感謝上帝賜予他們豐收。因此

答案選D。

52.B根據(jù)第四段第一句“TraditionsaysPilgrimsettlersfromEngland

celebratedthefirstThanksgivingin1621.Thereisevidencethatsettlersin

otherpartsofAmericaheldearlierThanksgivingcelebrations.”可知，感恩

節(jié)最晚起源于17世紀(jì)，距今已經(jīng)超過(guò)了300年，選項(xiàng)B正確。第二段第一

句“ThewriterO.HenrycalledThanksgivingtheoneholidaythatispurely

American.”說(shuō)明感恩節(jié)是美國(guó)人的節(jié)日而非全世界的節(jié)日，選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)

誤。第二段第二句“Itisnotareligiousholiday.”說(shuō)明感恩節(jié)并非宗教節(jié)

日，選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤。第五段最后一句“ThePilgrimslandedin1620inwhat

laterbecameknownasPlymouth,Massachusetts.”說(shuō)明感恩節(jié)是到達(dá)美國(guó)

的英國(guó)人開(kāi)創(chuàng)的，起源地還是在美國(guó)，選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。因此答案選B。

53.C根據(jù)第五段第一句“ThePilgrimswerereligiousdissidentswho

fledoppressioninEngland.”可知，英國(guó)的清教徒遭到了嚴(yán)重迫害。因此

答案選C。

54.C根據(jù)第六段后兩句“AboutonehundredPilgrimslandedjustas

autumnwasturningtowinter.Duringthecoldmonthsthatfollowed,about

halfofthemdied.”可知，第一個(gè)冬天，到達(dá)美國(guó)的100名英國(guó)清教徒死掉

了一半。因此答案選C。

55.A全文主旨題。本文主要描述的由于感恩節(jié)的起源和最初發(fā)展

的情況。因此答案選A。

PassageFour

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Tasteissuchasubjectivematterthatwedon’tusuallyconduct

preferencetestsforfood.Themostyoucansayaboutanyone’spreferenceis

thatit’soneperson’sopinion.Butbecausethetwobigcolacompanies—

Coca-ColaandPepsiColaaremarketedsoaggressively,we’vewondered

howbigaroletastepreferenceactuallyplaysinbrandloyalty.Wesetupa

tastetestthatchallengedpeoplewhoidentifiedthemselvesaseitherCoca-

ColaorPepsifans:Findyourbrandinablindtasting.

WeinvitedstaffvolunteerswhohadastronglikingforeitherCoca-Cola

ClassicorPepsi,Diet（低糖的）Coke,orDietPepsi.Thesewerepeople

whothoughtthey’dhavenotroubletellingtheirbrandfromtheotherbrand.

Weeventuallylocated19regularcoladrinkersand27dietcoladrinkers.

Thenwefedthemfourunidentifiedsamplesofcolaoneatatime,regular

colasfortheonegroup,dietversionsfortheother.Weaskedthemtotellus

whethereachsamplewasCokeorPepsi;thenweanalyzedtherecords

statisticallytocomparetheparticipants’choiceswithwhatmereguess-work

couldhaveaccomplished.

Gettingallfoursamplesrightwasatoughtest,butnottootough,we

thought,forpeoplewhobelievedtheycouldrecognizetheirbrand.Intheend,

only7outof19regularcoladrinkerscorrectlyidentifiedtheirbrandof

choiceinallfourtrials.Thediet-coladrinkersdidalittleworse—only7of27

identifiedallfoursamplescorrectly.

Whilebothgroupsdidbetterthanchancewouldpredict,nearlyhalfthe

participantsineachgroupmadethewrongchoicetwoormoretimes,two

peoplegoallfoursampleswrong.Overall,halftheparticipantsdidaboutas

wellonthelastroundoftastingasonthefirst,sofatigue,ortasteburnout,

wasnotafactor.OurpreferencetestresultssuggestthatonlyafewPepsi—

participantsandCokefansmayreallybeabletotelltheirfavoritebrandby

taste.

56.Accordingtothepassagethepreferencetestwasconductedinorder

to_____.

A.findouttheroletastepreferenceplaysinaperson’sdrinking

B.revealwhichcolaismoretothelikingofthedrinkers

C.showthataperson’sopinionabouttasteismereguess-work

D.comparetheabilityoftheparticipantsinchoosingtheirdrinks

57.Thestatisticsrecordedinthepreferencetestsshow_____.

A.Coca-ColaandPepsiarepeople’stwomostfavoritedrinks

B.it’snoteasytotellthedifferencebetweenthetwocolas

C.fewpeoplehadtroubletellingCoca-ColafromPepsi

D.people’stastesdifferfromoneanother

58.Itisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthat_____.

A.thepurposeoftastetestsistopromotethesaleofcolas

B.theimprovementofqualityisthechiefconcernofthetwocola

companies

C.thecompetitionbetweenthetwocolasisverystrong

D.blindtastingisnecessaryforidentifyingfans

59.Theword“burnout”（Line5,Para.5）herereferstothestateof

_____.

A.beingseriouslywoundedintheskin

B.beingunabletouseforlackoffuel

C.beingbadlydamagedbyfire

D.beingunfunctionalafterexcessiveuse

60.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageisto_____.

A.showthattastepreferenceishighlysubjective

B.arguethattastetestingisanimportantmarketingstrategy

C.emphasizethattasteandpricearecloselyrelatedtoeachother

D.recommendthatblindtastingbe