山西省長(zhǎng)治市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省長(zhǎng)治市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分15分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatisthevolunteerexpectedtobe?A.Afootballer.B.Atranslator.C.Acoach.2.WhatwillMikedoafterschool?A.Takearide.B.Teachscience.C.Doanexperiment.3.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Curious.B.Happy.C.Disappointed.4.WhydoesStanorganiseafund-raising?A.Todonatebooks.B.Tohelpschoolrebuilding.C.Toencouragehisclassmatestoworkhard.5.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthestreet.B.Inthemuseum.C.Intheclassroom.第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Sheissleeplessness.B.Shehasgotaheadache.C.Shehasapaininhereyes.7.Howlongdoesthewomanspendonhersmartphoneinaday?A.2hours.B.12hours.C.14hours.8.Whatisthedoctor’sadvice?A.Usesomemedicine.B.Haveanoperation.C.Stopusingthesmartphone.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Howdoesthewomandealwithherbackpackbeforeshehangsout?A.Takeitwithher.B.Placeitinherroom.C.Leaveitatthefrontdesk.10.Wherewillthewomanprobablygo?A.Artgallery.B.Scienceexhibition.C.Placesofinterest.11.Howwillthewomangettotheairport?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12至15題。12.WhydopeoplechooseCityTours?A.Theycanenjoydifferentviews.B.Theycanbuyspecialsouvenirs.C.Theycandesigntheirowntours.13.Howmuchdoesa10-year-oldchildneedtopay?A.$9.B.$18.C.Free.14.Whattimedoesthebusstart?A.AT8:00AM.B.At8:30AM.C.At8:30PM.15.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablydo?A.Atravelagent.B.Abusdriver.C.Ashopmanager.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共l5小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheInternationalFederationofInventors’Associations(IFIA)holdsaround50eventseveryyear.Hereistheinformationofsomeupcomingevents.KoreaInternationalWomen’sInventionExhibition(KIWIE)KIWIEistrulyoneandonlyfestivalcelebratingwomeninventorsandinventionsintheworld,whichhasdriventhegrowthofwomeninventorsathomeandabroad.Thisyear,KIWIE2023willbeheldonlineandofflinesothatyoucanviewthesiteandtheonlineexhibitionhallatthesametime.Date:July20(Thurs)—22(Sat),2023Place:Hall4,ExhibitionCenter1,KINTEXInternationalInventionInnovationCompetitioninCanada(iCAN)iCAN2022lastyearfeaturedmorethan720inventionsfrom81countriesaroundtheworldandwasatrueglobalstageforworldwidecreativityandinnovation.Thisyearisaspecialonlineedition.Youcansendyourapplicationformandvideofilebefore10thAugust2023byemail.Date:August26(Sat),2023Website:www.tisias.orgMacao(China)InternationalInnovationandInventionExhibitionExpo(MiiEX)MiiEXisthefirstandonlycontestshowingvariousinventionsandnewproductsthatareintendedtogotothemarket.MiiEXoffersaplatformforcommunicationamonguniversitystudentsandinventors,throughwhichstudentswillgetinspirationfrominteractionamongparticipants.Date:October27(Fri)—29(Sun),2023Place:CotaiExpoHallD,TheVenetianMacao(China)—OnlineandOfflineExhibitionMalaysiaTechnologyExhibition(MTE)MTEfocusesonrecognizinginventions,programmesandideaswhichcontributetosustainability,reducingpoverty,improvingareacooperation,protectingourplanet,andbuildingpeace.Theawardsespeciallyencouragethedevelopmentoflocalsolutionstolocalchallenges.Date:October17(Tues)—21(Sun),2023VirtualEvent:www.mte.org.myPlace:KualaLumpurCityCenter.1.Whichofthefollowingeventsisonlyavailableonlinethisyear?A.KIWIE. B.iCAN. C.MiiEX. D.MTE.2.WhocanbenefitfromMiiEXaccordingtothetext?A.Macaopeople. B.Marketmanagers. C.Womeninventors. D.Universitystudents.3.WhatinventionsaremorelikelytobeawardedinMTE?A.Low-costinventions. B.High-techinventions.C.World-wideinventions. D.Local-relatedinventions.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章指出國(guó)際發(fā)明家協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)（IFIA）每年舉辦大約50場(chǎng)活動(dòng)。文章介紹了四個(gè)即將舉行的活動(dòng)的信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InternationalInventionInnovationCompetitioninCanada(iCAN)部分中“Thisyearisaspecialonlineedition.Youcansendyourapplicationformandvideofilebefore10thAugust2023byemail.(今年是特別的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版。您可以在2023年8月10日前通過(guò)電子郵件發(fā)送您的申請(qǐng)表格和視頻文件。)”可知，iCAN活動(dòng)是今年只在網(wǎng)上開(kāi)放。故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Macao(China)InternationalInnovationandInventionExhibitionExpo(MiiEX)部分中“MiiEXoffersaplatformforcommunicationamonguniversitystudentsandinventors,throughwhichstudentswillgetinspirationfrominteractionamongparticipants.(MiiEX為大學(xué)生和發(fā)明家提供了一個(gè)交流的平臺(tái)，學(xué)生可以從參與者之間的互動(dòng)中獲得靈感。)”可知，該活動(dòng)的受益者為大學(xué)生。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MalaysiaTechnologyExhibition(MTE)部分中“Theawardsespeciallyencouragethedevelopmentoflocalsolutionstolocalchallenges.(該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)特別鼓勵(lì)針對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)靥魬?zhàn)制定當(dāng)?shù)亟鉀Q方案。)”可知，與本土有關(guān)系的致力于解決當(dāng)?shù)靥魬?zhàn)的方案更有可能獲獎(jiǎng)。故選D。BNeudyRojop,29,looksacrosstherough,rockyroadinthesmallruralvillageofSanRafaelPacaya.Itleadstothehomewhereshegrewupandwhereshestilllivestoday.WhenRojopwasabout10,hercousin,Carlos,wasverysick.Withoutanylocalclinics(診所),Rojop’sfamilycouldn’tevenfigureoutwhatthediseasewas.Theycoulddonothingbutwait.Growingup,shenoticedhowfrequentlymanyofthosearoundherweregettingsick.Asateenager,shestartedtorealizehercommunityneededbetterchancetohealthcare.Soshedeterminedtogotoanursingschool.Buthervisionwasbeyondbeinganurse.Aftergraduation,sherealizedonepersonwasnotenoughtomakethecommunitybetter.“Thepeopleheremayhavecommondiseases,”shethought.“Someareknown.Buttheremaybenewdiseasesthatwedon’tknowabout.”Shewantedtodosomethingtokeepanyillnessfrombeingathreatinthefirstplace.Shewantedtotrainpeopleanddosomeresearchtomonitortheseillnessesandtrytoprovideearlyactions,ortryoutnewwaystopreventsomeofthem.Overthenextfewyears,sheandasmallteambroughthervisiontolife.Theyprovidedmeasuresthatcouldlimitthepossiblerisks.Olson,oneofhercolleagues,recalled,“Shehaszeroclinicalexperienceandzeroresearchexperienceatfirst,butnowsheisasuperstarhere.Herworkingplaceisusuallybusywithabout300patientspermonth.”NowRojopstartsherdayswithamorningmeeting,makingdecisions,solvingproblemsandsettingprioritieswithherteammates.“Inthepast,IwassoyoungthatIcoulddonothingformycommunity,”shesays.“ButnowIcanhelpbecauseIknowhow.”4.WhatinspiredRojoptogotoanursingschool?A.Afuturewell-paidjob.B.Herpoorfamilybackground.C.Theneedofcommunityhealthcare.D.Herchildhoodexperiencesofbeingsick.5.WhatwasRojop’svisionaftergraduation?A.Buildingmorelocalhospitals.B.Actingasaprofessionalnurse.C.Preventingdiseasesthroughearlyactions.D.Providingbettereducationfortheschoolkids.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromOlson’swordsinParagraph4?A.Rojophasbeenacceptedwidely.B.Rojoplacksworkingexperience.C.Rojopenjoysbeingbroughtintofocus.D.Rojophasn’tsatisfiedpublicexpectations.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthequalityofRojop?A.Frank. B.Flexible. C.Determined. D.Generous.〖答案〗4.C5.C6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了NeudyRojop的故事，因?yàn)橐庾R(shí)到所在社區(qū)醫(yī)療保健的需求，她去了護(hù)理學(xué)校上學(xué)，但她不想局限于做一名護(hù)士，畢業(yè)后她積極工作實(shí)現(xiàn)了通過(guò)早期行動(dòng)來(lái)預(yù)防疾病的想法?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asateenager,shestartedtorealizehercommunityneededbetterchancetohealthcare.Soshedeterminedtogotoanursingschool.”（十幾歲的時(shí)候，她開(kāi)始意識(shí)到她的社區(qū)需要更好的醫(yī)療保健機(jī)會(huì)。所以她決定去一所護(hù)理學(xué)校。）可知，社區(qū)醫(yī)療保健的需求促使Rojop去上護(hù)理學(xué)校。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shewantedtodosomethingtokeepanyillnessfrombeingathreatinthefirstplace.Shewantedtotrainpeopleanddosomeresearchtomonitortheseillnessesandtrytoprovideearlyactions,ortryoutnewwaystopreventsomeofthem.”（她想做點(diǎn)什么，讓疾病從一開(kāi)始就不構(gòu)成威脅。她想培訓(xùn)人們，做一些研究來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)這些疾病，并嘗試提供早期行動(dòng)，或者嘗試新的方法來(lái)預(yù)防其中一些疾病。）可知，畢業(yè)后Rojop的構(gòu)想是通過(guò)早期行動(dòng)預(yù)防疾病。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Olson的話“Shehaszeroclinicalexperienceandzeroresearchexperienceatfirst,butnowsheisasuperstarhere.Herworkingplaceisusuallybusywithabout300patientspermonth.”（她一開(kāi)始沒(méi)有臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)，也沒(méi)有研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但現(xiàn)在她是這里的超級(jí)明星。她的工作場(chǎng)所通常每個(gè)月都要接待大約300名患者。）可知，Rojop現(xiàn)在非常有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，會(huì)接待非常多的患者。由此可知，她已被廣泛接受。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，NeudyRojop小時(shí)候意識(shí)到社區(qū)醫(yī)療保健的需求，于是去了護(hù)理學(xué)校上學(xué)。但她不想局限于做一名護(hù)士，畢業(yè)后她設(shè)想通過(guò)早期行動(dòng)來(lái)預(yù)防疾病，并積極地行動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)想法。由此可知，Rojop是一個(gè)堅(jiān)定地實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的人。故選C項(xiàng)。CPeoplearealwayscuriousaboutresearchingthewell-preservedmasterpiecesinWesternhistoryfromthe“OldMasters”suchasLeonardodaVinci,Caravaggio,andSandroBotticelli.Oneincrediblefindingisthattheyalllovedusingakindofunusualpaintintheirpaintings.Tobeexact,theartistswouldmixeggsintotheirpaintstocreateathingcalled“eggtempera(蛋彩)”.ThistechniquedatesbacktoancientEgyptandcanbefoundonmanyofthepaintingsfromtheOldMasterssuchasBoticelli’s“BirthofVenus”.Scientistsstudytheelementsoftheirpaintingsandfindthatthereareaddedproteins(蛋白質(zhì))totheworksofart.ThereasonforthathadeludedusforalongtimeuntilanewstudywaspublishedTuesday,whichmighttelluswhy.Toreachtheirfindings,thestudy’sauthorsdrewonanalysisofOldMasterpaintingssuchasBoticelli’s“TheLamentationsofChrist”andDaVinci’s“MadonnaoftheCarnation”alongwithchemicaldatafromlab-madeeggtempera.Theyfoundthattheeggproteinsessentiallycreatedathinprotectivecoveraroundthepaintwiththeoilintheeggs.Thishelpedpreventitfromwrinkling,discolorationwhilestoppingitfromyellowingovertimebyslowingdownreactionsbetweentheairandoilinthepaints.Thefindingsprovidefreshinsightsintothecraftofsomeofthegreatestartistswhohaveeverlived.ItjustgoestoshowthatwhileDaVinciandhisfellowsmightbegonenow,therearestillplentyofartiststhatwecanlearnfromtheirprocessesandartwork.Asanoldsayinggoes,youhavetocrackafeweggsifyouwanttomakeanomelet(煎蛋卷)—and,apparently,sodoesamasterpieceworkofart.8.Whatdothe“OldMasters”haveincommonaccordingtothetext?A.Theyallkepttheirworkswell. B.Theysharedthesamepaintingstyle.C.Theylivedinthesamehistoryperiod. D.Theyallusedeggtemperaintheirpaintings.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“eluded”inparagraph3?A.Excited. B.Embraced. C.Confused. D.Aided.10.Whatisthepurposeofusingeggsinpaintings?A.Toreplacetheexpensivepaints. B.Topresentdifferentshadesofyellow.C.Toformacovertoprotectthepaintings. D.Tostimulatethereactionbetweenpaints.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChemicalStudyofEggs B.EnvironmentalUseofEggsC.TheEggWisdomof“OldMasters” D.ANewWaytoAppreciateWesternArt〖答案〗8.D9.C10.C11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以前的藝術(shù)家通過(guò)在顏料中添加雞蛋，來(lái)保護(hù)畫(huà)作?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Tobeexact,theartistswouldmixeggsintotheirpaintstocreateathingcalled“eggtempera(蛋彩)”.(確切地說(shuō)，藝術(shù)家們將雞蛋混合到他們的顏料中，創(chuàng)造出一種叫做“蛋彩畫(huà)”的東西)”可知，OldMasters的共同之處是都在畫(huà)中使用蛋彩畫(huà)。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“foralongtimeuntilanewstudywaspublishedTuesday,whichmighttelluswhy”可知，周二發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究可能會(huì)告訴原因，說(shuō)明在這之前這個(gè)問(wèn)題一致困擾著科學(xué)家們。故劃線詞意思是“困擾”。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theyfoundthattheeggproteinsessentiallycreatedathinprotectivecoveraroundthepaintwiththeoilintheeggs.Thishelpedpreventitfromwrinkling,discolorationwhilestoppingitfromyellowingovertimebyslowingdownreactionsbetweentheairandoilinthepaints.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，雞蛋中的蛋白質(zhì)在雞蛋的顏料周?chē)纬闪艘粚颖”〉谋Ｗo(hù)層。這有助于防止它起皺，變色，同時(shí)通過(guò)減緩顏料中空氣和油之間的反應(yīng)來(lái)防止它隨著時(shí)間的推移變黃)”可推知，在繪畫(huà)中使用雞蛋的目的是形成一個(gè)保護(hù)罩來(lái)保護(hù)畫(huà)作。故選C?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplearealwayscuriousaboutresearchingthewell-preservedmasterpiecesinWesternhistoryfromthe“OldMasters”suchasLeonardodaVinci,Caravaggio,andSandroBotticelli.Oneincrediblefindingisthattheyalllovedusingakindofunusualpaintintheirpaintings.(從達(dá)芬奇、卡拉瓦喬、桑德羅·波提切利等“老大師”開(kāi)始，人們總是好奇地想要研究西方歷史上保存完好的杰作。一個(gè)令人難以置信的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，他們都喜歡在他們的畫(huà)中使用一種不尋常的顏料)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以前的藝術(shù)家通過(guò)在顏料中添加雞蛋，來(lái)保護(hù)畫(huà)作?？芍珻選項(xiàng)““老大師”的蛋智慧”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DWhennaturaldisastershappen,animalsareveryoftenleftalonetodefendthemselvesagainsttheviolenceofnature.However,today,amanhaschangedthisbyusingdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))tolocatethem.DouglasThron,apersonfromCalifornia,hasbeenhelpingwildlifearoundtheworldinzoneswhereanaturaldisasterhasjusthappened,whetheritiscausedbyafire,atornado,ahurricaneorevenatsunami.Withthehelpofhisdrone,hecanlocateanimalsstillalivethatcouldbetrappedsomewheretheycannotgetout.Oncehefindsoneormore,wildliferescuersmoveintofreethemorbringthembacktosafetytobetreated,iftheyarewounded.Thronhasbeeninvolvedinvariousactionstohelptheenvironmentsincethe1990s.HetookaspecialinterestinsavingtheancientredwoodforestsofCaliforniabuthisjobthenwastoshootvideoswithhiscamera.In2019,aCategoryFivehurricanehittheBahamas.ThrondecidedtovolunteerwithagroupcalledSeaShepherdwiththemissionofdocumentingthedamage.Hebroughtdroneswithhim.However,ashewasflyingthem,henoticedagreatnumberoftrappeddogs.Thatiswhenhetookthedecisiontotryandsaveasmanyanimalsashecould.Torecognizeanimalsatthedistanceeasily,hedecidedtoaddinfrared(紅外線的)camerastoupdatethedrone,whichwouldrecognizetheheatofanimalsandmakeiteasiertoidentifythoseneedinghelp.Hesaysthattheabilityfordronestohelpandsaveanimallivesisjusttoogreat.Healsoinsiststhatalthoughitworksincasesofdisastersforwildanimals,itcanalsoapplytothesearchofdomesticones.12.WhatdoesThrondowiththehelpofdrones?A.Leadtheanimalstosafeplaces.B.Locatetrappedanimalsinthedisasters.C.Detectwherethereisanaturaldisaster.D.Defendhimselfagainsttheviolenceofnature.13.WhatdidThronusedtobe?A.Aforestguard.B.Ananimalrescuer.C.Avideophotographer.D.Anenvironmentalexpert.14.WhendidThrondecidetotakeupsavinganimals?A.Whenheboughtdrones.B.Whenhewentintoredwoodforests.C.WhenhebegantovolunteerinCalifornia.D.Whenhenoticedthedogsneedinghelpinahurricane.15.WhydidThronupdatehisdrone?A.Toreplacetheoldone.B.Tomeasuretheheatofanimals.C.Toidentifyanimalsmoreeasily.D.Torescuethepeopleindisasters.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.D15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了以前在自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生后，人類(lèi)忙于自救，動(dòng)物們只能聽(tīng)天由命，自我保護(hù)。而現(xiàn)在，一名來(lái)自加利福尼亞的男子道格拉斯·斯隆通過(guò)使用無(wú)人機(jī)來(lái)定位被困動(dòng)物，從而實(shí)施救助?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Withthehelpofhisdrone,hecanlocateanimalsstillalivethatcouldbetrappedsomewheretheycannotgetout.(在無(wú)人機(jī)的幫助下，他可以找到那些可能被困在某個(gè)地方無(wú)法脫身的活著的動(dòng)物)”可知，Thron使用無(wú)人機(jī)確定被困動(dòng)物的位置，從而使救援人員對(duì)其施救。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“HetookaspecialinterestinsavingtheancientredwoodforestsofCaliforniabuthisjobthenwastoshootvideoswithhiscamera.(他對(duì)保護(hù)加州古老的紅木森林特別感興趣，但當(dāng)時(shí)他的工作是用相機(jī)拍攝視頻)”可知，Thron曾做過(guò)視頻攝影師。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2019,aCategoryFivehurricanehittheBahamas.ThrondecidedtovolunteerwithagroupcalledSeaShepherdwiththemissionofdocumentingthedamage.Hebroughtdroneswithhim.However,ashewasflyingthem,henoticedagreatnumberoftrappeddogs.Thatiswhenhetookthedecisiontotryandsaveasmanyanimalsashecould.(2019年，一場(chǎng)五級(jí)颶風(fēng)襲擊了巴哈馬群島。Thron決定成為一個(gè)名為“海洋守護(hù)者”的組織的志愿者，其任務(wù)是記錄破壞情況。他帶來(lái)了無(wú)人機(jī)。然而，當(dāng)他駕駛飛機(jī)時(shí)，他注意到許多被困的狗。就在那時(shí)，他決定盡可能多地拯救動(dòng)物)”可知，他是在颶風(fēng)后發(fā)現(xiàn)許多狗被困需要營(yíng)救時(shí)，決定專門(mén)從事動(dòng)物救援工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Torecognizeanimalsatthedistanceeasily,hedecidedtoaddinfrared(紅外線的)camerastoupdatethedrone,whichwouldrecognizetheheatofanimalsandmakeiteasiertoidentifythoseneedinghelp.(為了更容易地識(shí)別遠(yuǎn)處的動(dòng)物，他決定在無(wú)人機(jī)上安裝紅外攝像頭升級(jí)他的相機(jī)，讓無(wú)人機(jī)能夠識(shí)別動(dòng)物的體溫，從而更容易識(shí)別需要幫助的動(dòng)物)”可知，他升級(jí)他的相機(jī)是為了更容易地識(shí)別被困動(dòng)物。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoSurviveaLightningStrike?AccordingtotheNationalWeatherService,almosttwo-thirdsoflightningaccidentsoccuraspeopleenjoyleisureactivitiesoutdoors.____16____.Here’showtostaysafewhenyou’reenjoyingsummeroutdoors.Keepaneyeonthesky____17____.Thunderstormsusuallyoccurintheafternoonorevening.Startyourhikeinthemorning,andfinishupbynooniftheforecastindicatesbadweatherahead.Iftheforecastcallsforperiodicstormsthroughouttheday,makeasmartchoiceandconsidergivingupthetrip.____18____.Beforeyouheadoutforhiking,checkmapstolocatevisitorcenters,campgroundbuildings,orrestareasalongyourroute.Onceyouhearthunder,seelightning,orsensethatastormisapproaching,don’thesistatetouseyourplan.Hikersarestronglyadvisedtowatchcontinuallyforthenearestshelter.____19____.Knowthestorm’sdistanceCountthesecondsbetweentheflashandthefollowingsoundofthunder.Dividethenumberofsecondsbyfivetocalculatethenumberofmilesbetweenyouandthestorm.Forexample,ifthenumberofsecondsis30,thenthedistanceinbetweenequalssixmiles,andfindshelterimmediately.____20____,justrememberthatyoucanhearthunderatadistanceof10miles.A.MakeasafetyplanB.ChecktheweatherforecastaheadC.IfthissimplemathisstillconfusingD.IfyougetindoorsassoonaspossibleE.Peoplearestruckwhilecamping,hikingorboatingF.StayingcalmwillhelpyouavoidmeetingfurtherdangersG.Carcamperscanstayinthevehicleswhennoothershelterisavailable〖答案〗16.E17.B18.F19.G20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹在戶外遭遇雷暴天氣如何保持安全?！?6題詳析】上文“AccordingtotheNationalWeatherService,almosttwo-thirdsoflightningaccidentsoccuraspeopleenjoyleisureactivitiesoutdoors.(根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家氣象局的數(shù)據(jù)，近三分之二的雷擊事故發(fā)生在人們?cè)趹敉庑蓍e活動(dòng)時(shí))”提到，近三分之二的雷擊事故發(fā)生在人們?cè)趹敉庑蓍e活動(dòng)時(shí)，E項(xiàng)“人們?cè)诼稜I(yíng)、遠(yuǎn)足或劃船時(shí)被擊中”與上文語(yǔ)義一致，E項(xiàng)中的“camping,hikingorboating”呼應(yīng)上文的“l(fā)eisureactivitiesoutdoors”，故選E?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Startyourhikeinthemorning,andfinishupbynooniftheforecastindicatesbadweatherahead.Iftheforecast…(早上開(kāi)始你的徒步旅行，如果預(yù)報(bào)顯示天氣不好，在中午結(jié)束。如果天氣預(yù)報(bào)……)”可知，此處是說(shuō)要提前查看天氣預(yù)報(bào)，B項(xiàng)“請(qǐng)?zhí)崆安榭刺鞖忸A(yù)報(bào)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Iftheforecastcallsforperiodicstormsthroughouttheday,makeasmartchoiceandconsidergivingupthetrip.(如果天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)全天都會(huì)有周期性的暴風(fēng)雨，做出明智的選擇，考慮放棄這次旅行)”可知，如果天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)天氣不好，要作出明智的選擇，考慮放棄這次旅行，這樣就可以避免危險(xiǎn)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“保持冷靜可以幫助你避免進(jìn)一步的危險(xiǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【19題詳析】上文“Hikersarestronglyadvisedtowatchcontinuallyforthenearestshelter.(強(qiáng)烈建議徒步旅行者不斷觀察最近的庇護(hù)所)”提到要不斷觀察最近的庇護(hù)所，G項(xiàng)“在沒(méi)有其他庇護(hù)所的情況下，汽車(chē)露營(yíng)者可以待在車(chē)上”也是關(guān)于庇護(hù)所，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?0題詳析】上文“Forexample,ifthenumberofsecondsis30,thenthedistanceinbetweenequalssixmiles,andfindshelterimmediately.(例如，如果秒數(shù)是30，那么兩者之間的距離等于6英里，并立即找到庇護(hù)所)”舉例說(shuō)明如何計(jì)算離風(fēng)暴有多遠(yuǎn)，結(jié)合下文“justrememberthatyoucanhearthunderatadistanceof10miles(只要記住你可以在10英里外聽(tīng)到雷聲)”可知，此處是說(shuō)如果你還是不會(huì)算，就記住你可以在10英里外聽(tīng)到雷聲，C項(xiàng)“如果這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)學(xué)仍然令人困惑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItiswellknownthatweSherpa(夏爾巴人)areregardedasthebackboneforclimbingabove8000meters.But____21____,therewerenoSherpaonthelistof8000-meterWinterFirstAscents(攀登),whichmademeasaSherpafeel____22____.IattemptedtoclimbK2,thesecondhighestmountainintheworldlastwinter,but____23____.YetIstillwantedtoseeourflagputonits____24____,whichhadlongbeenmydream.Thisyear,ImadeallthearrangementsandteamedwiththreeotherSherpa.Itrustedthembecausetheywerestrong,____25____andmostimportantlytheywerethinkinglikeme—national____26____first.WhenwestartedonNov.21,we____27____thatwecouldsucceedinreachingthetopwithinthreeweeksiftheweatherremained____28____.Butlater,whenwewereclosertoCampFour,myleftfootwasgettingfrozen,soIwasworriedIcouldputmyteammatesindanger____29____Icontinued.Theycomfortedmeandadvisedmeto____30____itbykickingtheice,which____31____workedbeforewesetoutagain.Oneofmyteammates,Tenzi,was____32____thewayandfixinglinesalltheway.Wewereclimbingbehindhimcarryingropesandotherstuff.Weallknewitwas____33____thatcouldmakeallofusholdonstraighttotheend.December17finally!At4:43pm,wejoinedshouldertoshouldertothesummitbutnotarriving____34____.Itdidn’t____35____whichoneofusgotthefirst,butwediditforthesignificantmeaning.Whenweunite,nothingisimpossible.21.A.surprisingly B.traditionally C.naturally D.fortunately22.A.hopeless B.ashamed C.satisfied D.relieved23.A.remained B.complained C.failed D.suffered24.A.territory B.ground C.border D.summit25.A.reliable B.realistic C.attractive D.addicted26.A.pride B.security C.property D.strategy27.A.doubted B.confirmed C.permitted D.expected28.A.hot B.typical C.normal D.freezing29.A.though B.if C.since D.so30.A.warm B.free C.wrap D.affect31.A.frequently B.actually C.hardly D.differently32.A.losing B.asking C.limiting D.leading33.A.guideline B.teamwork C.luck D.technique34.A.immediately B.safely C.individually D.entirely35.A.claim B.demonstrate C.matter D.occur〖答案〗21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.B32.D33.B34.C35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了夏爾巴人被視為攀登8000米以上的中堅(jiān)力量，但是8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒(méi)有夏爾巴人。作者作為夏爾巴人決定改變這個(gè)事實(shí)。他和他的隊(duì)友經(jīng)歷重重的困難，最終登峰。他覺(jué)得當(dāng)人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)時(shí)，沒(méi)有什么是不可能的?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但令人驚訝的是，8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒(méi)有夏爾巴人，這讓我作為夏爾巴人感到羞愧。A.surprisingly出乎意料地，令人驚訝地；B.traditionally傳統(tǒng)上地；C.naturally自然地；D.fortunately幸運(yùn)地。根據(jù)上文“ItiswellknownthatweSherpaareregardedasthebackboneforclimbingabove8000meters”以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，夏爾巴人被視為攀登8000米以上的中堅(jiān)力量，但令人驚訝的是，8000米冬季第一次攀登的名單上沒(méi)有夏爾巴人。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但令人驚訝的是，8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒(méi)有夏爾巴人，這讓我作為夏爾巴人感到羞愧。A.hopeless無(wú)望的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.satisfied滿足的；D.relieved釋然的。根據(jù)上文“therewerenoSherpaonthelistof8000-meterWinterFirstAscents(攀登)”可知，8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒(méi)有夏爾巴人，這件事讓作為夏爾巴人的作者感到很羞愧。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年冬天，我試圖攀登世界第二高峰K2，但沒(méi)有成功。A.remained保留；B.complained抱怨；C.failed失?。籇.suffered遭受。根據(jù)空前“IattemptedtoclimbK2,thesecondhighestmountainintheworldlastwinter”以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，作者試圖攀登世界第二高峰，但是失敗了。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我仍然希望看到我們的國(guó)旗登上頂峰，這是我長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的夢(mèng)想。A.territory地區(qū)；B.ground地面；C.border邊界；D.summit頂峰。根據(jù)下文“December17finally!At4:43pm,wejoinedshouldertoshouldertothesummit”可知，作者希望把國(guó)旗插上山頂。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我信任他們，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)強(qiáng)、可靠，最重要的是，他們和我一樣思考——民族自豪感第一。A.reliable可靠的；B.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.addicted上癮的。根據(jù)空前“Itrustedthem”可知，作者相信他的隊(duì)員，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)強(qiáng)、可靠。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我信任他們，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)強(qiáng)、可靠，最重要的是，他們和我一樣思考——民族自豪感第一。A.pride驕傲；B.security安全；C.property性質(zhì)；D.strategy策略。根據(jù)上文空前“mostimportantlytheywerethinkinglikeme”可知，他們和作者想的一樣，都想把國(guó)旗放到世界第二高峰的山頂上，由此可知，他們考慮的首先是名族自豪感。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們從11月21日開(kāi)始時(shí)，我們預(yù)計(jì)如果天氣保持正常，我們可以在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。A.doubted懷疑；B.confirmed確認(rèn)；C.permitted允許；D.expected預(yù)期。根據(jù)空后“thatwecouldsucceedinreachingthetopwithinthreeweeksiftheweatherremained________”可知，作者他們預(yù)計(jì)如果天氣正常，會(huì)在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。故選D。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們從11月21日開(kāi)始時(shí)，我們預(yù)計(jì)如果天氣保持正常，我們可以在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。A.hot熱的；B.typical典型的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing極冷的。根據(jù)上文“wecouldsucceedinreachingthetopwithinthreeweeks”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，天氣正常的話，作者他們會(huì)在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。故選C。【29題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但后來(lái)，當(dāng)我們接近四號(hào)營(yíng)地時(shí)，我的左腳凍僵了，所以我擔(dān)心如果我繼續(xù)下去，我可能會(huì)把我的隊(duì)友置于危險(xiǎn)之中。A.though盡管；B.if如果；C.since自從；D.so因此。根據(jù)上文“soIwasworriedIcouldputmyteammatesindanger”可知，作者擔(dān)心如果他繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，會(huì)把隊(duì)友置于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們安慰我，建議我踢冰讓腿暖和過(guò)來(lái)，在我們?cè)俅纬霭l(fā)之前，這實(shí)際上起了作用。A.warm取暖；B.free使解脫出來(lái)；C.wrap包裹；D.affect影響。根據(jù)空后“bykickingtheice”以及上文提到作者的左腳凍僵可知，隊(duì)友建議作者把冰踢掉讓腿暖和過(guò)來(lái)，這樣可以繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們安慰我，建議我踢冰讓腿暖和過(guò)來(lái)，在我們?cè)俅纬霭l(fā)之前，這實(shí)際上起了作用。A.frequently經(jīng)常地；B.actually實(shí)際上；C.hardly幾乎沒(méi)有；D.differently不同地。根據(jù)空后“workedbeforewesetoutagain”并結(jié)合下文提到作者繼續(xù)攀登可知，隊(duì)友的建議實(shí)際上起了作用。故選B。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的一個(gè)隊(duì)友Tenzi，一直在帶路和固定線路。A.losing失去；B.asking問(wèn)；C.limiting限制；D.leading帶領(lǐng)。根據(jù)下文“Wewereclimbingbehindhimcarryingropesandotherstuff.”可知，Tenzi在前面帶路。故選D。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都知道，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作可以讓我們所有人堅(jiān)持到底。A.guideline準(zhǔn)則；B.teamwork團(tuán)隊(duì)合作；C.luck幸運(yùn)；D.technique技巧。根據(jù)下文“Whenweunite,nothingisimpossible.”以及全文語(yǔ)境可知，是團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作讓作者他們成功的登頂。故選B。【34題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：下午4點(diǎn)43分，我們肩并肩登上頂峰，但不是個(gè)人先抵達(dá)。A.immediately立即；B.safely安全地；C.individually單獨(dú)地，個(gè)人地；D.entirely完全地。根據(jù)下文“butwediditforthesignificantmeaning.”可知，作者他們是肩并肩登上的頂峰，而不是個(gè)人。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們誰(shuí)先到達(dá)不重要，但我們這樣做的意義重大。A.claim要求；B.demonstrate證明；C.matter重要；D.occur發(fā)生。根據(jù)下文“butwediditforthesignificantmeaning”作者認(rèn)為誰(shuí)先到達(dá)并不重要。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！即鸢浮綄?xiě)在題號(hào)后的橫線上。Recently,Beijingsubwayline“DaxingAirportExpress”hastakentechnologyfurther.It____36____(introduce)palm(手掌)recognitiontoitspaymentsysteminAprilthisyear.Withthe____37____(assist)ofthistechnology,passengerscanenter____38____exit“empty-handed”byscanningtheirpalmstwice.Passengerscanshowtheirpalmstopassticketgatesatstopsalongthelineafter____39____(put)inthepalminformationatthestationticketmachines.Feesaretakenaway____40____(accurate)fromthepassengers’accountaftertheirexit.____41____(compare)withtheexistingQRcodescanning,thistechnologydoesn’trequiretheuser’ssmartphone.Peopleonlyneedtoshowonehand____42____theairwithouttouchinganything.Thatisthereason____43____thistechnologyiswelcomedbytheyoungpeople.“Thatismuch____44____(convenient)thanIexpected.”saidapassengerhappilyrightafterhisfirstattempttousehispalmtotakethesubway.“Moreimportantly,myprivateinformationcan____45____(protect)byusingthistechnologyeffectively.”〖答案〗36.introduced37.assistance38.the39.putting40.accurately41.Compared42.in43.why44.moreconvenient45.beprotected【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了北京大興國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)使用掌紋識(shí)別技術(shù)給乘客們帶來(lái)了便利?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：今年4月，它在支付系統(tǒng)中引入了掌紋識(shí)別。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，句子表述過(guò)去事實(shí)，故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填introduced。【37題詳析】考查名詞。句意：在這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的幫助下，乘客可以通過(guò)掃描兩次手掌來(lái)“空手”進(jìn)入出口。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用assist的名詞assistance作賓語(yǔ)，意為“幫助”。故填assistance?！?8題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：同上。句中exit為名詞，意為“出口”，此處表示特指。故填the?！?9題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：乘客在車(chē)站售票機(jī)輸入掌紋信息后，可以在沿途各站的檢票口出示掌紋。分析句子，設(shè)空處置于介詞after之后，故使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填putting。【40題詳析】考查副詞。句意：乘客出境后，費(fèi)用會(huì)準(zhǔn)確地從他們的賬戶中扣除。設(shè)空處使用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填accurately?！?1題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：與現(xiàn)有的二維碼掃描相比，該技術(shù)不需要用戶的智能手機(jī)。句中doesn’trequire為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。thistechnology與compare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。同時(shí)該空置于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Compared?！?2題詳析】考查介詞。句意：人們只需要在不接觸任何東西的情況下向空中伸出一只手。句中使用介詞與空后的theair構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。intheair表示“在空中”。故填in?！?3題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這就是為什么這項(xiàng)技術(shù)受到年輕人歡迎的原因。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞thereason，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填why?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：那比我預(yù)料的要方便得多。根據(jù)句中的much和than可知，設(shè)空處使用形容詞的比較級(jí)作表語(yǔ)。故填moreconvenient?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：更重要的是，通過(guò)有效地使