考研《英語一》2023年湖北省襄樊市老河口市臨考沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語一》2023年湖北省襄樊市老河口市臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)RecentlyImetaguynamedLeonardGilbertonatrip.Leonardisthekindofpeopleyoucouldpassonthestreetandnever1butheis,inmyview,averyspecialpersonwho2recognition.Leolivesina3ruralarea,sowhenhiswifehadcancerseveralyearsago,Leowasfacedwithafour-and-a-half-hourdrivetowhereshecouldbetreated.That4lotsofexpenseformeals,fuel,hotelsandsoon.Butintheendthecancertookhiswife5.EvidentlyLeowasvery6byhiswife’spassing,buthewasalsoveryangry,forherealizedotherpeoplewerefacingthesamesortsof7.Ratherthangivingmoneytocharities,whathedidwasstarttothrow8.EveryotherSaturdayevening,thereisapartyinLeo’sgarage.Neighbours,friendsandrelativescomeandbringsnacksanddrinks;manybring9,thereismusicanddancing,andatsomepointduringtheeveningLeo10afamilyhehasfoundwhoarehavingdifficulties11thecostofsupportingacancerpatientundergoing12farfromhome.Thenahoney-jarispassedaroundandthemoney13,everycentofit,goes14tothatfamily.Thepeopleatthepartyhaveagoodtime.Thefamily15thatsomeone,probablysomeonetheyhavenevermetknowswhattheyaregoingthroughand16enoughtohelp.Leo’s17tohelpthefamiliesofothercancerpatientswasbornoutofhisgriefbut,fromtheperspectiveofthosewhohavereceivedthemoney,itisanactoflove.Hispersonal18hasresultedinanactofkindnessthathonoursthe19ofthewifehehaslost.Wouldn’titbeniceifwehadmorepeopleintheworldlikeLeonardGilbert?I’mgladImetLeo.Hemakestheworlda20place.1、A．know B．notice C．forget D．love2、A．requires B．needs C．deserves D．a(chǎn)voids3、A．convenient B．peaceful C．remote D．nearby4、A．meant B．spent C．showed D．reduced5、A．otherwise B．instead C．somehow D．a(chǎn)nyway6、A．stricken B．shocked C．pleased D．mourned7、A．happiness B．hardships C．cancers D．expenses8、A．coins B．honey C．medicine D．parties9、A．jars B．cards C．instruments D．flowers10、A．tellsabout B．a(chǎn)rguesabout C．commentson D．chatsabout11、A．cutting B．meeting C．increasing D．calculating12、A．charities B．depression C．treatment D．support13、A．saved B．paid C．owed D．collected14、A．partly B．exactly C．properly D．directly15、A．understands B．pretends C．ignores D．confirms16、A．earns B．cares C．struggles D．plans17、A．demand B．motivation C．expectation D．consideration18、A．donation B．opinion C．loss D．belief19、A．cancer B．memory C．wish D．recovery20、A．better B．worse C．morepeaceful D．moreterribleSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Saying''I'msorrywhenyou'vehurtsomeonecanbeahardthingtodo.We’restubborncreatures,afterall,anddon’tlovedealingwithitwhenwe’rewrong.Butapologizing,andmeaningit,isanimportantpartoftheforgivenessprocess.MichaelMcCulloughmadearesearchandfoundthatthemostsincere,forgiveness-inducingapolog.esincludesaying“I’msorry”,offeringtomakeupforthewrongdoinginsomeway,andtakingresponsibility.Andthereasonwhytheyworksowellislargelybasedonprinciplesofevolution,theapologiesmakethetransgressor(犯錯(cuò)的人}seemmorevaluableasarelationshippartner,andalsohelpthevictimfedlessatriskofgettinghurtagain.Onebasicscientificimplicationoftheresultsisthatthehumanpsychologyofconflictresolutionisunusuallysimilartothatofanimalswhichliveingroups.“Manygroup-livinganimals,particularlymammals,seemtousepeacemakinggestures'assignalsoftheirdesiretoendconflictandrestorecooperativerelationshipswithotherindividualsafteraggressiveconflicthasoccurred,”McCulloughsaid.“Weseemtoreachacommonviewonthispoint.”“Iwouldsaythatempathy(情感共鳴）isapartofgoodmentalhealth,andthatcouldbeapartofthenaturalselectionprocess,too,''BethanyMarshallsays.“Humanswithempathytendtobehealthierandmakebetterchoicesinlife,whilethosewhoareaggressivedon’ttendtodoaswell.”,Andhavingempathywhenyou'vehurtsomeone,shesays,isthebestwaytoapologize.”Themostimportantthingisthatyoufeeltheotherperson'spain,''sheexplains.“Soinsteadofusinglogictoexplainordefend,lookinwardtoidentifywhyyoudidthebadthing.Thenconveythattothemandsaythatyouwouldliketomakeitbetter.Thatcounts.”Youcanmakeitevenbetterbymakingsuretoactdifferentlythenexttimearound——whatthestudyauthorsreferredtoas“compensation”（補(bǔ)償).Butwhattendstohappenoften,saysMarshall,isthatpeoplegetdefensiveaboutwhatthey'vedone,orevenmadatthepersonthey'vewronged.Sowatchyourresponse,becausetheworstapology,sheadds,“isonewherethevictimisblamed.''1、Intheexperiment,McCulloughfindthat_?A．a(chǎn)nimalsaremorecooperativewithotherindividualsB．humans'psychologyisveryclosetoanimals’whendealingwithconflictsC．a(chǎn)ggressiveconflictsaren'teasytoendamonganimalsD．signalgesturesmayhelpendconflicts2、AccordingtoMarshall,peoplewithempathytendto_?A．defendthemselvesforwhattheyhavedoneB．trytoexplainwhytheydosomethinglogicallyC．findfaultwiththemselvesseriouslyD．showaggressivebehaviorsinlife3、Tomakeupforthewrongdoing,youneedto?A．conveythebadthingstoothersB．experiencetheotherperson’spainC．becarefulofyourresponseD．promisetobehaveyourselfwellnexttime4、Whatistheauthor'spurposeofthepassage?A．TopresentthereasonswhyapologizingintherightwaymattersB．ToshowthewayshowyouacceptapologizingofothersC．TotelltheoccasionwhenitissuitabletoapologizeD．ToexplainthewordsthatyouuseforanapologyText2Haveyoueverspentanafternooninthebackyard，maybegrillingorenjoyingabasketballgame,whensuddenlyyounoticethateverythinggoesquiet?Thereisanoldphrase“calmbeforethestorm",oftenusedinasituation—aquietperiodjustbeforeagreatactivityor.excitement.Accordingtoourownexperience,weknowthereisactuallycalmbeforethestorm.Butwhatcausesthiscalm?Andisitalwayscalmbeforethestorm?Let'shearwhatscientistshavetosay..Aperiodofcalmhappensinaparticularkindofstorm,thesimplestkindofstorm—asingle-cellthunderstorm.Inthistypeofthunderstorm,thereisusuallyonlyonemainupdraft,whichiswarm,dampairanddrawnfromplacesneartheground.Stormsneedwarmanddampairasfuel,sotheytypicallydrawthatairinfromsurroundingenvironment.Stormscandrawintheairthatfittheirneedfromalldirections—evenfromthedirectioninwhichthestormistraveling.Asthewarm,dampairispulledintoastormsystem,itleavesalow-pressurevacuum（真空）comingafter.Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds,thusthetemperatureofthewarm,dampairdrops,andthewatervapour（水蒸汽）initchangesintotinydropsthatareapreconditionofrain.Thesedropsaccumulateandbuildonlargerparticleslikedust,untiltheygrowlargeenoughtoformraindrops.Thiswarm,dampairkeepsmovingupwards,butitbecomescooleranddrierduringitstripthroughcloud.Whenitreachesthetopofthecloud,theairgetsspitout（被擠出）atthetop.Thisairissentrollingoutoverthebigthunderclouds.Fromthere,theairgoesdown.Warmanddryairisrelativelystable,andonceitcoversaregion,thatair,inturn,causesthecalmbeforeastorm.Mostthunderstorms,though,don'tstartwithcalm.That'sbecausemostareactuallygroupsofstormswithcomplexwindpatterns.There'ssomuchairmovingupanddownstormgroupsthatthecalmbeforethestormneverhappens.Instead,beforethestorm,讓mightbereallywindy!1、Whichbestfitsthedescriptionofaparticularkindofstorm?A．Athunderstormwithasingleshape.B．Athunderstormwithoutstrongwinds.C．Astormwithairdrawnfromeverydirection.D．Astormfueledbymovingairfromtheground.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Coldanddryair. B．Warmanddryair.C．Coldanddampair. D．Warmanddampair.3、Whichdoesthewritermostlikelyagreeto?A．Presenceofthecalmreliesonstableair.B．Notallthunderstormsstartwiththecalm.C．Thedriertheairis,thebiggerthestormwillbe.D．Stormhappenswithoutairmovingupanddown.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Causesandeffectsofaheavystorm.B．Abriefdescriptionofapeacefulstorm.C．Apersonalexperienceofaheavystorm.D．Anexplanationofthecalmbeforeastorm.Text3Whenhewasyoung,LouisArmstrongwastakingwhatwascalled“Creolejazz”,whichwasalsocalleddancemusic,andcombiningitwithtrumpeter(小號手)BuddyBolden,tocreatewhatwouldeventuallybecometoday’sjazz.Armstrongaccomplishedthiswithalmostnoformaltraining.HereceivedlittletrainingbeforehewasplacedintheNewOrleansColoredWaif’sHomeattheageof12,afterarun-in(小爭執(zhí))withthepolice.Thepunishmentturnedouttobeamixedblessing,forhealsohadtheopportunitytoplayinarealband.WhileattheWaif’s,Armstrongalsogotthechancetohearsomeofthecity’sfinestmusicians.CornetistFreddieKeppardperformedinanearbyclub.SodidtrumpeterandbandleaderKingJoeOliver,whotooktheboyunderhiswingandtaughthimhowtoreadmusicandworkonhisplayingtechnique.WhenOliverleftforChicago,ArmstrongchosetostayinNewOrleansandworkwithsomeoftheothertopmusiciansoftheday.InChicago,KingOliverofferedhimaplaceinhisbandin1922.ItbecameArmstrong’sbiggestchallengeyet—thebandhadnopartswrittenfortrumpet,sohewasforcedtolistentoKingOliverandimprovise(即興創(chuàng)作).Soon,Armstrong’sundeniabletalentwasgettingnoticed.Evenclassicallytrainedmusicianswouldcometoheartheincrediblesoundsthisyoungmancreated.LilHardin,theband’spianoplayerandthefutureMrs.Armstrong,explainedthatOliverkeptArmstronginthesecondtrumpet-chairsothatOliverwouldstillbe“King”.Hardinconvincedhimtoleavetheband.ArmstrongmovedtoNewYorkCityin1924tojoinFletcherHenderson’sbandandthenflewsolo.In1925,ArmstrongputtogethertheHotFive,expandinghispopularityevenmore.Armstrongrecordedhisfirstcomposition,CornetChopSuey,oneofthemostcopiedjazzsolosofalltime.Thismonumental1928recordingblends(混合)artistry,enduranceandshowmanshipthathasrarely,ifever,beenmatchedinjazz.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertointhesecondparagraph?A．Toplaydancemusic.B．ToworkwithBuddyBolden.C．Toplayajazzinstrumentwell.D．Tocreatemodernjazzmusic.2、WhotaughtLouisArmstronghowtoplaymusicintheearlytime?A．BuddyBolden.B．LilHardin.C．KingJoeOliver.D．CornetistFreddieKeppard.3、WhydidLouisArmstrongLeaveKingOliver’sband?A．BecausehewantedtogetmarriedinNewYork.B．Becausehistalentcouldnotdevelopcompletely.C．BecausehegotabetteropportunityinNewYork.D．Becausethemanforcedhimtoleavetheband.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Itasksreaderstoknowmoreaboutmodernjazz.B．Itintroducesoneofthegreatestjazzmusicians.C．Itintroducesthedevelopmentofjazz.D．Itdescribestheimportanceoftalentinplayingjazz.Text4Eachdaytheonlinecommunityreportsoncountlesssocialjusticeissuesaroundtheworld.Fromclimatechangeandgunviolencetonaturaldisasters,readerscomeacrossastory,learnaboutanissueandoftenfeelcompelledtohelp.However,withoutanyguidanceonhowtomakeadifference,manyabandontheattemptandmoveonwiththeirday.IdealImpact,anewWeb-basedapp(應(yīng)用程序),seesthatasalostopportunity.Theappisdesignedtoconnectnewsstorieswithefficientwaystohelpmakeadifferenceintherealworld.Let’ssay,forexample,yourecentlyreadanarticle,“Theheartbreaking,worldofcaptive(被抓的)exoticbirds”andfeltmovedbythestoriesoftheoftensadlivesthosebirdsareforcedtolive.Onceinstalledonyourphoneorbrowser,IdealImpactwouldshowyouopportunitiestovolunteer,donateorgetinvolvedtohelpcaptiveexoticbirds.Founder,OlivierKamanda,explainsinthecompany’svideo,“Whatwouldhappenwhenyoucomeacrossastorythatmakesyouwanttogetinvolvedin?Thatarousesafundamentalquestion,‘HowcanIhelp?’Unfortunatelythereisnoplatformthattakesyoufromthatmomentofinspirationtoameaningfulserviceopportunity.Soeveryyear90millionpeopleareinspiredtogetinvolvedtodosomethingwiththeirtimeandtheydon’tknowhow.Andthatcomesatacostof207billiondollarsinlostvolunteertimeanddonations.”KamandasaidinaninterviewwiththeSmithsonian,“Ourappbridgesthegapbetweenpeoplewhoareinspiredtomakeadifferenceandorganizationsthatneedsupport.”O(jiān)ncetheappisinstalledasabrowserplugin(插件)onadesktopormobiledevice,youcanreadthenewsasyounormallywould.Andthen,whenyoucomeacrossastorythatinspiresyoutotakeaction,youcanclickontheIdealImpactbuttonthatappearsinthemainmenuofyourbrowser.Thatwillloadtheappandshowyouopportunitiestogetinvolvedwithnon-profitorganizationsthatareworkingtodealwiththeissueyoujustreadabout.1、WhatisIdealImpact?A．Itssoftware.B．It’sacharitygroup.C．It’sacomputercompany.D．It’sanon-profitorganization.2、HowdoestheauthorexplainthefunctionofIdealImpact?A．Bymakingcomparisons.B．Bygivingfigures.C．Bygivingquotations.D．Bygivinganexample.3、WhatcanIdealImpactdo?A．Itcanhelppeoplemakeacontribution.B．Itcanhelppeoplesearchforexoticbirds.C．Itcanhelppeoplereadnewsstoriesmoreeasily.D．Itcanhelppeoplemakeadifferencetotheircareer.4、WhatwillhappenafteryouclickontheIdealImpactbutton?A．Youwillhavefunnewstoread.B．Youwillfindasolutiontoaproblem.C．Youmaygetaccesstoarelatedcharity.D．Themainmenuofyourbrowserwillappear.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankWhenJenniferLawrencetrippedonherwaytoacceptherbestactressOscaroneyear,herpinkprincess-likeDiordress1．(capture)inallitsgloryTheunscriptedmomentbecamehottopicthroughoutsocialmediaThatbonusair-timeforasingledressatoneoftheworldsglobaleventsispricelessforthelikesofDior,oneofthe2．(influential)fashionhousesintheluxurymarketplaceSuccessontheredcarpetcanearnexposureandprofitsforluxurybrandsforyears3．(come)Theredcarpet,whichwillbetelevisedlivebeforeAcademyAwardceremony,presentsagreatopportunityforadesignertoreachanaudiencethatexpands4．thefashionsettingTheLawrencedressreceivedabout40millionmentionsonvarioussocialmediaOnewayofestimatingthemonetarybenefitsofhavingastandoutdressontheredcarpetistocomparehowmuchabrandwouldotherwisespendoncommercialadvertisingduringthesametime5．Lawrencehadonly75secondsofsolocameratimeforherOscaracceptancespeech,Diorhadtopaymorethan$4millionforacommercialspotofthesamedurationonsimilaroccasionsAndthisdidn'tincludethetime6．(devote)toLawrenceandherdressonthepre-showtelevisedredcarpetLawrence,23,hadanadvertisingcontractwithDior7．thegroup’sdealwithLawrenceaffecteditssaleswasclearlystatedinitsannualfinancialreportThatyear,thegroupclothingsection’sprofits8．(total)165millioneuros,up26percentfromthepreviousyearHeston,thefounderofapublicityfirm,9．successstoriesincludeintroducingJimmyChooshoesanddesignerSaabtoHollywood,believesthattheOscarredcarpetistodaydominatedbyestablishedluxurybrandsFindingitmuchmoredifficulttocompetewithbigbrandnamestodresssuperstarsonbigevents,manyyoungdesignersturnto10．(bet)onpromisingrisingstars,expectinganovernightsuccessiftheyoungstarsrisetosuddenfameWuzhenWaterTownisatypicalancienttowninsouthernChina1．(lie)inthenorthernpartofTongxiangCity,ZhejiangProvince,itcanbeeasilyaccessed2．a(chǎn)numberofexpresswaysOnarecentbusinesstriptoShanghai,alocalfriend3．(invite)metoWuzhenItwas9:00amwhenwearrivedthereWithitshousesmadeofblackbricksandgraytiles(瓦)againstthewhitewalls,thesmalltownislikea4．(tradition)ChineseinkwashdrawingWanderingalongtheriverside,youwillbe5．(deep)impressedbythegreatsceneryandslowlifestyleDuringlunchtime,I6．(treat)tothesteamedwhitefish,awell-knowndishservedatmost7．(restaurant)inWuzhenIttastedsogoodButIthinkitisthecombinationofcultureandfoodthatmakesitsooutstandingAfterlunch,wecontinuedourwalk,enjoyingthesightsandlearningaboutitshistory,ahistory8．isfullofgoodstoriesanduniquetraits(特色)It’sreallyfortunateforanybody9．(explore)suchabeautifulplaceWehopetherewillbe10．secondchancetovisitthiswonderfultown!SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Thekitchenisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthehouse.Youmaythinkthat,sinceit’sonlyusedforcooking,there’snoneedtopaymuchattentiontoitscolor.1、Colorinfluencespeople’smoodandcreatesanatmosphere,andsurelyyouwanttobeinagoodmoodwhenyou’recooking.Todecorateakitchen,firstlookforathemewhichwilltheninfluencethecolorscheme(方案).Themostcommoncolorsinkitchensarewhite,yellowandotherlightcolors.Kitchensareusuallypaintedinonecolortocreateacleanandneatlook.2、Also,sincekitchenstendtohavesmallerwindows,thelightcolorshelpmakeitbrighter.Neutralcolorssuchasgrayandcreamcanalsobeusedtocreatesomecontrast.3、Startwithyourfavoritecolor,ortwolightcolorsthatbalanceeachother.Makesurethatyoutestthemthoroughlyfirstsothatyoucanbesurethey’llactuallywork.Formoreadventurouskitchenowners,threecolorsnexttoeachothercanalsowork.Buttheseneedtobecarefullychosen,becauseonewrongcolorcanruinthewholelookofthekitchen.Whenthekitchencolorschemehasbeenchosen,otherelementsmustbeconsidered.Someimportantthings,suchascupboards,inthekitchencanaffectitslook.Tiles(瓷磚)andthefloormustbechosentofitthelook.4、Lastbutnotleast,nomatterwhatcolorschemeyouuse,makesurethatitreallyistheoneyouwant.5、A．Manypeoplewanttodecoratetheirkitchenswithbrightcolors.B．Differentcolorshavedifferenteffectsonpeople’smood.C．Otherwise,getadvicefromothermembersofthefamily.D．Thelightcolorsmaketheroomseembiggerthanitis.E.Therearedifferentwaystocreateacolorscheme.F.Inaword,kitchendecorationmustgotogetherwiththecolorscheme.G.Butinfact,thecolorschemesofkitchensareasimportantasthoseofanyotherrooms.Manypeoplemightfeellostduringamajortransition(轉(zhuǎn)折)inlife.Lifecoaching,however,isthebestchoiceforanyonewhoislookingforwaystogett