高考試題英語(yǔ)江蘇卷解析版

絕密★啟用前本試題卷共16頁(yè)，81題。全卷滿分150分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每題1分,滿分5分)聽(tīng)下邊5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)地點(diǎn)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間往返答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.910.B.950.C.1000.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’’’scold.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Attendameeting.B.Givealecture.C.Leavehisoffice.4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?A.Toohard.B.Worthtaking.C.Veryeasy.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Speaklouder.B.Apologizetoher.C.Turnofftheradio.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每題1分,滿分15分)聽(tīng)下邊5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)地點(diǎn)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段資料,回答第6、7題。6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?A.Fivedays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?A.Russia.B.Norway.C.India.聽(tīng)第7段資料,回答第8、9題。8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?A.Chicken.B.Fish.C.Eggs.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Goshopping.C.Orderdishes.聽(tīng)第8段資料,回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.11.Whenisthereportdue?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?A.Improveit.B.Handitinlater.C.Leaveitwithhim.聽(tīng)第9段資料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Homeownerandcleaner.C.Husbandandwife.14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?A.Onewithtwobedrooms.B.Onewithoutfurniture.C.Onenearamarket.15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?A.＄350.B.＄400.C.＄415.16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?A.OnLakeStreet.B.OnMarketStreet.C.OnSouthStreet.聽(tīng)第10段資料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?A.Almost15%.B.About30%.C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.Teawithmilkishealthy.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teatasters.B.Teaexporters.C.Teacompanies.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.【答案】1-5ACABC6-10BABCB11-15ABCAB16-20CBAAC第二部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每題1分,滿分15分)請(qǐng)閱讀下邊各題,從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最正確選項(xiàng),并在答題卡大將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.答案是B。21.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.【答案】D考點(diǎn)：定語(yǔ)從句22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatestpotential.【答案】D【分析】試題剖析：句意：學(xué)校應(yīng)當(dāng)是鼓舞個(gè)體最大限度地發(fā)展?jié)撃艿牡胤健項(xiàng)“加快，加快”；B項(xiàng)“改良，提升”；C項(xiàng)“表現(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)“發(fā)展”。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析23.—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?—________?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.【答案】A【分析】試題剖析：句意：—Jim，周末你能加班嗎？—為何是我？我連續(xù)工作兩周了。A項(xiàng)“為何是我？”；B項(xiàng)“為何不呢?”；C項(xiàng)“假如……會(huì)如何?”；D項(xiàng)“那又怎么樣?”。只有A項(xiàng)切合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：社交用語(yǔ)24.Muchtime_____sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.【答案】C考點(diǎn)：獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造25._____LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.【答案】C【分析】試題剖析：句意：李白是中國(guó)一位偉大的詩(shī)人，他的出生地是盡人皆知的，但有些人不肯接受這一事實(shí)。剖析句子構(gòu)造可知，agreatChinesepoet做LiBai的同位語(yǔ)，is前面是主語(yǔ)從句。比較選項(xiàng)只有where切合句意，where在從句中做地址狀語(yǔ)。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：名詞性從句26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.【答案】B【分析】試題剖析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完好裹起來(lái)。A項(xiàng)“假如”；B項(xiàng)“除非”；C項(xiàng)“一旦”；D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。“unlessfullycovered”為“連詞+省略構(gòu)造”，增補(bǔ)完好為“unlessyouare”。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。考點(diǎn)：連詞辨析27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramsto_____thecountry’sSilkRoadEconomicBelt.【答案】B考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析28.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.【答案】D【分析】試題剖析：句意：假如我早知道日程安排，可能會(huì)省去我一些麻煩。依據(jù)題干中mighthavesaved可知主句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛構(gòu)，從句應(yīng)用ifIhadknown與主句保持一致。if虛構(gòu)條件句中含有had時(shí)，可將if省去，同時(shí)將had提早組成倒裝構(gòu)造。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。考點(diǎn)：虛構(gòu)語(yǔ)氣29.Thewholeteam_____CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.【答案】C【分析】試題剖析：句意：全隊(duì)都盼望克里斯蒂亞諾·羅納爾多，他從未讓他們絕望。A項(xiàng)“侍奉，等候”；B項(xiàng)“集中（注意力）于”；C項(xiàng)“盼望”；D項(xiàng)“號(hào)召，拜見(jiàn)”。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析30.Therealreasonwhyprices____,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.【答案】A【分析】試題剖析：句意：過(guò)去和此刻價(jià)錢向來(lái)居高不下的真切原由很復(fù)雜，簡(jiǎn)潔的談?wù)摻庹f(shuō)這一問(wèn)題沒(méi)法讓人滿意。依據(jù)題干中“andstillare”的提示可知過(guò)去價(jià)錢也居高不下，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.【答案】A【分析】試題剖析：句意：警官?zèng)Q定對(duì)這起案件進(jìn)行一次完全全面的審察。A項(xiàng)“綜合的，全面的，有理解力的”；B項(xiàng)“復(fù)雜的”；C項(xiàng)“存心識(shí)的”；D項(xiàng)“至關(guān)重要的”。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。考點(diǎn)：形容詞詞義辨析32.Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.【答案】B【分析】試題剖析：句意：為了與國(guó)家的足球改革相適應(yīng)，一些學(xué)校一定做出調(diào)整。A項(xiàng)“判斷，抉擇”；B項(xiàng)“調(diào)整”；C項(xiàng)“談?wù)?，談?wù)摗?；D項(xiàng)“成就”。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：名詞詞義辨析33.—Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?—Well,youknowhe’s_______.【答案】B考點(diǎn)：英語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.【答案】D考點(diǎn)：介詞短語(yǔ)辨析35.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______.【答案】C【分析】試題剖析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的媽媽致歉。—我想這樣做，可是我擔(dān)憂她對(duì)我的致歉不滿意。A項(xiàng)“懇求”；B項(xiàng)“借口”；C項(xiàng)“致歉”；D項(xiàng)“遺憾，懊悔”。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：名詞詞義辨析第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每題1分,滿分20分)請(qǐng)閱讀下邊短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最正確選項(xiàng),并在答題卡大將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso37tomeandhadsuchabig3839myowncancerexperience?I’manambitious40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化療),eventhoughI’mavery41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.It46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently48onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)5051onmyface.Heunfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe54topickupmypenagain.I55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.C40.B41.A42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.D48.C49.A50.C51.B52.D53.B54.D55.C46.D觀察動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。除此以外，他是一位八十歲的作家。A項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)，第一版”；B項(xiàng)“鍛煉，解決，擬訂”；C項(xiàng)“證明是適合的，令人滿意的”；D項(xiàng)“證明是，結(jié)果是”。itturnedoutthat是固定搭配，意為“結(jié)果是……，結(jié)果證明……”應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。47.D觀察副詞。句意：事實(shí)上，他是一位撰稿人，當(dāng)前在寫(xiě)一本新書(shū)。A項(xiàng)“自然地”；B項(xiàng)“只是”；C項(xiàng)“有希望地”；D項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上”。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。48.C觀察動(dòng)詞搭配。依據(jù)句意可知，他當(dāng)前在寫(xiě)一本新書(shū)。A項(xiàng)decideon“決定，確立”；B項(xiàng)investon“投資，花時(shí)間在……上”；C項(xiàng)workon“從事，忙于”；D項(xiàng)relyon“依靠，依靠”。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。49.A觀察動(dòng)詞。句意：我們老是在很多時(shí)候見(jiàn)到對(duì)方，成了朋友。A項(xiàng)“成為”；B項(xiàng)“幫助”；C項(xiàng)“錯(cuò)過(guò)”；D項(xiàng)“拜見(jiàn)”。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。50.C觀察名詞。依據(jù)句意可知，他確實(shí)是Bernie的粉絲。A項(xiàng)“病人”；B項(xiàng)“操作員，接線員”；C項(xiàng)“粉絲”；D項(xiàng)“第一版商”。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。51.B觀察名詞。依據(jù)句意可知，他的行為感染了我，使我在生活中面帶淺笑。A項(xiàng)“標(biāo)記，跡象，征兆”；B項(xiàng)“淺笑”；C項(xiàng)“標(biāo)記”；D項(xiàng)“面罩”。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。52.D觀察動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：他增補(bǔ)說(shuō)道Jason由于不肯謊話沒(méi)掙到錢。A項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)，露面”；B項(xiàng)“出發(fā)，起程”；C項(xiàng)“摔倒”；D項(xiàng)“逝世（死的委宛表達(dá)）”。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。53.B觀察連詞。句意：他昨年不幸死于癌癥，但給我留下了深刻的印象。A項(xiàng)表示時(shí)間；B項(xiàng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折；C項(xiàng)表示結(jié)果；D項(xiàng)表示原由。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。54.D觀察名詞。句意：他激勵(lì)我從頭拾起紙筆。A項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)”；B項(xiàng)“相信”；C項(xiàng)“時(shí)機(jī)”；D項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)，激勵(lì)，啟迪”。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。55.C觀察名詞。句意：我對(duì)自己說(shuō)：“假如他能做到，我也能。”A項(xiàng)“許諾”；B項(xiàng)“鄭重立誓”；C項(xiàng)thinktooneself“喃喃自語(yǔ)”；D項(xiàng)“回答”。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：記述文閱讀第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題;每題2分,滿分30分)請(qǐng)閱讀以下短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最正確選項(xiàng),并在答題卡大將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.【答案】56．A57．C考點(diǎn)：應(yīng)用文閱讀BIntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigherinSo-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包裝)itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(動(dòng)機(jī))forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(氣泡墊)thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat_________.A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetalsD.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended_________.A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersC.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theincreaseine-waste.B.Thecreationofe-waste.C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.D.Themanagementofe-waste.【答案】58．B59．B60．D考點(diǎn)：科普說(shuō)明文閱讀CSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正有關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?C.HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities【答案】61．D62．B63．C64．A考點(diǎn)：談?wù)撐拈喿xDFreedomandResponsibilityFreedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece,inAthens(雅典),alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian’sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent”,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”’sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.B.Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.D.Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho________.67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.D.Theauthorisproudofman’scapacity.70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.【答案】65．D66．C67．A68．B69．A70．D考點(diǎn)：歷史文化類說(shuō)明文閱讀第四部分:任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題;每題1分,滿分10分)請(qǐng)閱讀下邊短文,并依據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最適合的單詞。注意:請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,education,andhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ordividetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.Whatnewsstoriesdoyouread?Divisionofnewsstories●Peopleexpecttoget(71)▲fromreadingnews.●Newsstoriesareroughlydividedintotwoclasses.●Somenewswillexcitetheirreadersinstantlywhileotherswon’t.(72)▲ofthetwoclasses●Newsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual(73)▲.●Readerswillassociatethemselvescloselywithwhathappensinthenewsstor