2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第三冊Unit3EnvironmentalProtection課件

UNIT3

ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION一、閱讀詞匯——在詞塊中明義1．theemissionofgases

氣體的排放2．carbonfootprint

碳足跡3．thedisposalofwaste 廢物處理4．a(chǎn)professorinecology

一位生態(tài)學(xué)教授5．reducefuelconsumption 降低燃料消耗6．a(chǎn)ttractworldwideattention 引起世界各地的關(guān)注7．economicpolicy

經(jīng)濟(jì)政策8．underheavysmog

處于重度煙霧中9．thevolumeofsales 銷售量10．inagarbagebag 在一個垃圾袋里二、表達(dá)詞匯——在語境中活用(一)在括號內(nèi)寫出藍(lán)體詞匯在語境中的漢語意思1．Heisreleasinganalbumofsongs. (vt._____)2．Thereisagrowingtrendtowardsearlierretirement. (n._____)3．Troopshaveseizedtheairportandrailwayterminals. (vt.____)4．Therewasimpatienceovertheslownessofreform. (n._____)發(fā)布趨勢控制改革5．Thestormsandtorrentialraincausedtrafficchaosacrossthecountry.(n._____)6．Thearmyhasrecentlybeenbroughtintorestoreorder. (vt._____)7．Thefactorywasfinedfordischargingchemicalsintotheriver.

(vt._______________)8．Duringhiselectioncampaignhepromisedtoputtheeconomybackonitsfeet. (n._____)混亂恢復(fù)對……處以罰款運(yùn)動(二)寫出藍(lán)體詞匯的語境之義及拓展形式1．Inthe1930s,millionsofUkrainiansstarvedtodeathorweredeported.(vt.____)拓展：_________

n．饑餓；挨餓；餓死2．Shemanagedtosustaineveryone'sinterestuntiltheendofherspeech.(vt._____)拓展：_________adj.持續(xù)的；持久的→__________adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的3．Theconcertwillbebroadcastliveontelevisionandradio. (vt._____)拓展：___________

n．廣播員挨餓starvation維持sustained

sustainable

播送broadcaster4．Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday. (vt.____)拓展：_________n．限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束→__________

adj.受限制的；有限的→__________

adj.限制性的；約束的5．Inshort,agoodandharmonious

environmentathomeisnecessaryforachildtogrowhealthy. (adj.________)拓展：_________n．融洽；協(xié)調(diào)限制restriction

restrictedrestrictive和諧的harmony6．Ateachermustbesensitivetoachild'sneeds. (adj._______)拓展：_____

n．感覺；理解力→_______

adj.明智的；合理的→________

adj.無意義的；失去知覺的→__________

adv.敏感地；易受傷害地7．Engineerscarriedoutathoroughinspectionofthetrack. (n._____)拓展：_______vt.檢查；視察→________

n．檢查員；視察員8．Idon'tknowhowyoutoleratethatnoise！

(vt._____)拓展：_________

n．容忍；寬容→_________

adj.可容忍的→_______

adj.容忍的；寬容的→__________adv.容忍地敏感的sensesensiblesenselesssensitively檢查inspectinspector忍受tolerancetolerabletoleranttolerantly

三、詞塊短語——在語境中辨義用活

寫出或選出加藍(lán)部分在語境中的漢語意思1．I'vebeenchosentoattendthenationalchesscompetitiononbehalfofourschool. ____2．Keepinganimalsatzooshashadanimpactonthestatusofmostendangeredspecies. _____________3．However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources._____4．Mostofhousewivesspentmoretimeinsearchoffoodforcookingintheirdailylife. ____代表

對……有影響導(dǎo)致尋找5．Itooknotesduringthemeeting,butIhaven'thadachancetowritethemintoareportsofar. __________6．LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchickens. ____7．Evolutionoccursasaresultofadaptationtonewenvironment. ____8．Somerarebirdsintheareaareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivities. —A．減弱 B．滅絕

C．渴望

D．平息到目前為止許多由于B四、經(jīng)典句式——在佳句背誦中品悟規(guī)則用法1.教材原句ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.(Thereislittledoubtthat...“毫無疑問……”)毫無疑問，地球正變得越來越溫暖。寫作亮句(2021·全國乙卷書面表達(dá))ThereisnodoubtthatwebenefitalotfromtherapidpaceoftheInternetdevelopment.毫無疑問，我們從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展中受益良多。文化典句Thereisnodoubtthatsuccessliesinhardwork,whilelazinesscanleadtofailure.毫無疑問，成功在于努力，而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。2.教材原句Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語)我們有責(zé)任抓住每一個機(jī)會，讓每個人了解全球變暖，包括其成因和影響，因為這是影響這個星球上我們所有人的最嚴(yán)重的問題。寫作亮句Thepeoplewaitingforthebusaretalkingwitheachother.正在等公共汽車的人們相互交談著。文化典句Peopleremainingoptimisticstrivefortheirowndreamspersistentlythroughthickandthin.保持樂觀的人們總是為自己的夢想不屈不撓、堅持不懈地奮斗。五、“續(xù)寫”片段——在背誦中品悟如何寫靚寫美常用修辭手法之暗喻Wegotoutofthecarandeachtookachild'shand,andIfollowedCarolyndownthepath.Then,weturnedacornerofthepath,andIlookedup.Beforemelaythemostglorioussightasthoughsomeonehadtakenagreatvatofcoloursandpoureditdownoverthemountain.Theflowerswereplantedinsplendidpatterns—ribbonsofdeeporange,white,lemon,yellow,andbutteryellow.Eachdifferent--colouredvarietywasplantedasagroupsothatitswirledandflowedasariverwithitsownuniquecolour.Therewereahugeseaofflowers.我們下了車，每人牽著一個孩子的手，我跟著卡羅琳沿著小路走。然后，我們拐了一個彎，我抬起頭來。在我面前是最壯麗的景象，仿佛有人拿了一大桶顏色倒在山上。這些花被種植成華麗的圖案——深橙色、白色、檸檬色、黃色和奶油黃色的絲帶。每一種不同顏色的品種都是作為一個群體種植的，這樣它就可以像河流一樣旋轉(zhuǎn)和流動，有自己獨(dú)特的顏色。那里有一大片花海。[點(diǎn)評]

本段話中用“agreatvatofcolours,pouritdownoverthemountain”來比喻山上的美景就像是有人用了一大桶顏色傾倒而成，

用“river”比喻不同群組的花，用“sea”比喻花之多。人們都知道河流的曲折流淌，大海的寬廣無垠，這樣的暗喻使語言生動活潑。1．starve

vi.餓死；挨餓；餓得要死；渴望；極需要

vt.使餓死；使挨餓 [題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空)①Withouttheirhabitat,theanimalswerelefttostarve__death.②Iaminexperiencedinthisfield,soIstarve___yourhelpinsuchcondition.③Inthisareathecropsaredryingoutinthefieldsandpeoplearedyingof__________(starve)．④Istarved_____(get)thisjobtosupportmyfamilyandchildren,evenifthesalarywaslow.toforstarvationto

get

[系統(tǒng)歸納]

(1)starvetodeath

餓死starvetodosth. 渴望做某事starveforsth. 渴望得到某物starveo... 斷絕食物(或資金)

來源以迫使某人……(2)starvationn.饑餓；挨餓；餓死2．restrict

vt.限制；限定；束縛 [題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/句式升級)①Tolimittheemissionofcarbondioxidewillhavea__________(restrict)effectonallcountriesintheworld.②Youmaynotknowthatinsomehigh-coststoressmokingisonlyallowedin_________(restrict)areas.③Thescientificstationiscosybuthassome__________(restrict)onpersonallifestyle.④Thereisnolimittothenumberofvolunteerswhocanapply.→______________________

thenumberofvolunteerswhocanapply.(restriction)restrictiverestricted

restrictionsThere

is

no

restriction

on [系統(tǒng)歸納](1)restrictsth.tosth.

限制某物在某范圍restrictsb.todoingsth. 限制某人做某事(2)restrictiveadj. 限制性的；約束的restrictedadj. 受限制的；有限的restrictionn. 限制規(guī)定(法規(guī))；約束3．harmonious

adj.和諧的 [題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)①Their___________(harmony)relationshipresultedinpartfromtheirsimilargoals.②Onlyinthiswaycanweprotectourenvironmentandbe__harmonywithnature.③Withfriendship,lifeishappyandharmonious;withoutfriendship,lifeisoutofharmony_____surroundings.harmoniousinwith④Tobuildaharmoniousworld,thedevelopedcountriesshouldbeinharmonywithothers.→Tobuildaharmoniousworld,thedevelopedcountriesshouldn't____________________others.be

out

of

harmony

with[系統(tǒng)歸納]

harmonyn．

融洽；協(xié)調(diào)inharmonywith 與……融洽相處；

與……協(xié)調(diào)一致outofharmonywith 與……不協(xié)調(diào)/不一致4．sensitive

adj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的 [題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/句式升級)①Thesecretofthedogishis________(sense)nose,justasawolf'ssenseofhearingiskeen.②Tobetteracceptguestssensitive___thecold,theparkhasanareathatprovideswarmwaterforactivities.③Peoplenowadaysaresensitive_____thiskindoffund-raising.④Marycaresalotaboutwhatpeoplethinkofher,soyou'dbetternotsaymuchbeforeher.→_________________________________________soyou'dbetternotsaymuchbeforeher.sensitivetoaboutMary

is

sensitive

about

what

people

think

of

her,

[系統(tǒng)歸納]besensitiveto

對……敏感besensitiveabout

介意/在乎……5．haveanimpacton

對……有影響[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Howwillthewarhave___impactonthelifestyleofordinarypeople?②Totellthetruth,smokinghasabadimpact___one'shealth.an

on③Yourfocusshouldbeelsewhere,likeimprovingyourself,reachingyourgoalsand_____________theworld.你的關(guān)注點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在其他地方，比如提高自己、實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)和影響世界。 [系統(tǒng)歸納]

impacton

影響；對……沖擊；碰撞impacting

on6．dieout

滅絕；逐漸消亡 [題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/完成句子)①YoumentionedthatyouwouldliketoteachEnglishinreturn,whichisexactlywhatIamdying____.②Sheisdying________(know)whereyou'vebeen,whichisenoughtoshowherconcernforyou.③Lawsshouldbepassedtoprotectpandas.Otherwise,theyarecertainto_______.應(yīng)該通過法律保護(hù)熊貓。否則，他們一定會滅絕的。④Althoughthewindhas___________therainremainssteady,soyoustillneedaraincoat.雖然風(fēng)減弱了，雨卻下個不停，所以你仍然需要一件雨衣。forto

knowdie

outdied

down,

[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)dieaway

(聲音、光線等)逐漸消失dieof/from 死于……diedown 減弱；逐漸平息dieoff 相繼死去(2)bedyingfor 渴望bedyingtodosth.

極想做某事1．seize

vt.抓?。粖Z?。豢刂? [題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/詞匯升級)①Thechilddartedoutoftheroadandthepolicemanseizedhim___thearmjustintime.②Theyseized__theresultsasproofthatglobalwarmingwasn'treallyhappening.③Heseizedthepaper_____herandwasshockedbytheheadlines.④Weareanxioustogetabettereducationsothatwecantakethechancetohaveabrighterfuture._________________________byonfromseize

the

chance/opportunity [進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納seizesb.bythearm/collar抓住某人的胳膊/衣領(lǐng)seizethechance/opportunity抓住機(jī)會seizeon/upon抓?。粚Α鬄殛P(guān)注

seizesth.fromsb.從某人那里奪過某物易錯提醒在“seizesb.bythe＋身體部位”結(jié)構(gòu)中，the不能省略。

[練重難點(diǎn)](完成句子)⑤Beforethethiefcouldrunaway,apoliceman____________________.在小偷逃跑之前，一名警察抓住了他的胳膊。seized

him

by

the

arm2．tolerate

vt.忍受；包容；容許

[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空)①Theboycouldn'ttolerateotherpeople's________(make)noiseintheroom,sohewentout.②TheonethingIlearnedis________(tolerate)andappreciationofallpeople.③Luckily,myparentswere________(tolerate)ofmychoiceofbooks.makingtolerancetolerant

[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)tolerate(doing)sth.容忍(做)某事can'ttolerate(doing)sth.無法忍受(做)某事(2)tolerancen.容忍；寬容tolerantadj.容忍的；寬容的聯(lián)想拓展stand（sb.）doingsth.,bear（sb.）doing/todosth.均意為“忍受/容忍（某人）做某事”；putupwith意為“忍受,容忍”

[練重難點(diǎn)](一句多譯)我不能容忍在公共場合被嘲笑。④Ican't______________________inpublic.(tolerate)⑤Ican't____________________inpublic.(stand)⑥Ican't___________________inpublic.(bear)⑦Ican't__________________________inpublic.(putupwith)tolerate

being

laughed

at

stand

being

laughed

atbear

being

laughed

atput

up

with

being

laughed

at3．onbehalfof

代表(代替)某人

[題點(diǎn)全練](完成句子)①__________________________

I'dliketoextendmysinceregratitudeforyourhelp.我謹(jǐn)代表我全家對你們的幫助表示真誠的感謝。②Shemadeanemotionalpublicappeal_________________.她代表她兒子作了感動人心的公開呼吁。On

behalf

of

my

whole

family,on

her

son's

behalf [進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納onbehalfofsb.＝onone'sbehalf以某人的名義；為了某人；代表某人辨析比較(1)onbehalfof為介詞短語，只能用作狀語，表示“代表/代替某人”。(2)standfor往往用來表示“(字母、數(shù)字、符號等)代表或象征”，

不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。(3)represent為動詞，表示“代表(某人、團(tuán)體、政府等)”。[練重難點(diǎn)]選詞填空(onbehalfof/standfor/represent)③Now,___________myschoolmates,Iwishyouasafereturn.④Tomorrowmorningthesecretarywill__________thepresidentatthemeetingtodeliveraspeech.⑤WhatdothefiveringsontheOlympicflag_________?on

behalf

ofrepresent

stand

for1．Thereislittledoubtthat...“毫無疑問……”[用法規(guī)則]

(1)doubt用作名詞時，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引導(dǎo)同位語

從句；在否定句中用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。(2)動詞doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；在否定/疑問句中后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。[應(yīng)用體驗]用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞補(bǔ)全語境/完成句子①Idon'tdoubt____myfatherwillcometowatchmyperformance,butIdoubt__________hecancomeontime.②Thereissomedoubt________hewillbeelectedpresident.Butwehavenodoubt_____hewillsucceedintheelection.thatwhether/if

whetherthat③________________hewillcontinuetoworkhere.我懷疑他是否會繼續(xù)在這里工作。④________________

hewillwinthecompetition.我確信他會贏得這場比賽。⑤____________________

educationisaproblemweshouldpaymoreattentionto.毫無疑問，教育是一個我們應(yīng)該更加關(guān)注的問題。I

doubt

whether/ifI

don't

doubt

thatThere

is

no

doubt

that2．現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語[用法規(guī)則](1)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，可表示主動和動作正在進(jìn)行，其被動形式(beingdone)通常表示被動的、正在進(jìn)行的動作。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句。[應(yīng)用體驗](完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)①Thereisalwaysagroupofpeople_______________________________foreachofthecountry'shugeprojects.總會有一群人為國家的每一個大型項目提供強(qiáng)有力的技術(shù)支持。②Whenwegotacall_______________________wethoughtitwasajoke.當(dāng)我們接到電話說她入圍時，我們以為是個玩笑。providing

strong

technical

supportsaying

she

was

short-listed,

③Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife, ________________________________.國家公園有許多野生動物，從蝴蝶到大象不等。④Therewerealotofboysinthefieldplayingfootball.→Therewerealotofboysinthefield________________________.⑤Thegirlwhostandsunderthetreeisreallycharming.→Thegirl_____________________isreallycharming.ranging

from

butterflies

to

elephantswho

were

playing

footballstanding

under

the

tree社會發(fā)展需要優(yōu)質(zhì)的環(huán)境，但社會發(fā)展的特定階段也會造成環(huán)境破壞。如何在推動社會發(fā)展的同時更加有效地保護(hù)環(huán)境是一個全球性問題。隨著人們環(huán)保意識的提高，綠色出行、植樹治沙等環(huán)保行動日益深入人心。有關(guān)環(huán)保和可持續(xù)性發(fā)展的文章也成為高考寫作常涉及的主題。如：2016年全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá)，邀請朋友提供主題為環(huán)境保護(hù)的作品參加國際中學(xué)生攝影展。(節(jié)選自北師大版教材選擇性必修第一冊UNIT3)Weknowthatcarsarebadforus.Butweallmakeexcuses：“Thebusesareterrible”；“Thetrainsarealwayslate”；“Ihaven'tgottimetowalk”．(用連續(xù)的直接引語，列舉了人們常找的借口)I'mtalkingaboutmyself,too.Tobefrank,I'maddictedtomycar.WhenIaskedafriendworkingforagreen-livingorganisationforadviceabouthowtogiveup,shetoldmefivethings：(引入五條建議，同時也使得段落過渡自然)●Useyourlegs.In2014,over55%ofcarjourneyswereundereightkilometres.Insteadoftakingshortcarjourneys,wecouldeasilywalkorcycle.Legpowercansaveyourmoney,keepyoufitandhelpyoulivelonger.Regularexercisealsocutstheriskofheartdiseaseby50%！(列舉了走路的好處，數(shù)據(jù)的運(yùn)用有效增強(qiáng)了說服力)●Usepublictransport.●Thinkbeforeyougo.●Sharecars.●Takeaction!Weoftenthinkthereisnothingwecandoaboutthenoise,pollutionanddangeroftraffic.Thereis.Ifyourstreetisfullofheavytraffic,talktoyourneighboursaboutit.Writetothepapers.Gotothecitygovernment.Askforaspeedlimit.?Dowhicheverofthesethingsthatsuityou.Don'tjustsitaroundandcomplain！(列舉了個人可以做的事情，有現(xiàn)實指導(dǎo)意義)?Allquitesimple,isn'tit？Fiveeasywaystoimproveourenvironment.?Well,I'msorryIhavetofinishthisarticle,butI'vegottopickupmydaughterfromschoolat4pm.ThenI'vegottodrivetothesupermarkettodotheshopping.Afterthat,Ihavetotakemysontoaparty.?Thetrafficisgoingtobehorrible,butwhatcanIdo？(作者描述了自己的自相矛盾的做法，實則映襯很多人口是心非的可笑行為，引人深思)由教材學(xué)寫法1．學(xué)亮點(diǎn)詞匯第一段中的makeexcuses形象地描寫了那些抱怨汽車的危害卻又找各種借口開車的人的行為；addicted一詞精準(zhǔn)地刻畫了作者對汽車的過度依賴。第二段中的cut強(qiáng)有力地說明了經(jīng)常鍛煉能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險。2．學(xué)高級句式句?是一個復(fù)合句，主句為祈使句，代詞whichever在句中起到了強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句進(jìn)一步解釋說明了其具體內(nèi)容。句?是一個并列句，but連接兩個并列分句，第一分句I'msorry后省略了連詞that。該句式常用于委婉地提出一個使對方不快的事實，在本文中它用來表示遺憾。3．學(xué)修辭手法句?是一個表達(dá)口語化的反意疑問句，陳述部分省略了be動詞。反意疑問句的運(yùn)用，使得表達(dá)的語氣強(qiáng)烈、肯定，能給讀者以深刻印象。句?but后的分句為反問句，結(jié)合前一分句的內(nèi)容，在表達(dá)的效果上既展現(xiàn)了幽默諷刺，又能發(fā)人深省。4．學(xué)寫作手法本文選自一篇關(guān)于如何放棄駕車來保護(hù)環(huán)境的說明文。文章講述了綠色和平組織的詹妮·特洛維就如何放棄駕車以改善環(huán)境給出的五條建議。作者在行文過程中運(yùn)用了感嘆句、疑問句、祈使句等多樣化的句式，句子總體簡短有力，語言表達(dá)靈活多變，生活氣息濃郁。作者最后以自嘲的語氣描述了自己矛盾的做法，并以反問句結(jié)束文章，引人發(fā)笑又能激發(fā)讀者思考。Ⅰ.多積詞塊——豐富表達(dá)方式1．inthemeantime

在此期間；與此同時2．humanactivities

人類活動3．gogreen 生產(chǎn)或使用綠色產(chǎn)品4．a(chǎn)ccountfor 占……比例5．jointefforts 共同努力6．beresponsiblefor 對……負(fù)責(zé)7．leadlow-carbontravel 引領(lǐng)低碳出行8．solongas 只要9．beinvolvedin 參與10．a(chǎn)privatecar 私家車11．pickuprubbish 撿拾垃圾12．makesense 有意義；講得通13．a(chǎn)bigsuccess 一個巨大的成功14．haveaneffecton 對……有影響/產(chǎn)生效果15．changeone'slife 改變某人的生活Ⅱ.多積佳句——彰顯表達(dá)功底1．Wecycledfromtheverybeginningtotheendofthecamp,sayingnotoanynon-environmentallyfriendlytransportation.夏令營期間我們自始至終騎車出行，拒絕任何不環(huán)保的交通方式。2．Itisthroughtheactivitythatwelearnbettertheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.通過該活動，我們更好地意識到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。3．StartinginMay,theactivitiesareaimedatreducingairpollutioninourcityandraisingpeople'senvironmentalawareness.從五月份開始的活動旨在減少我們市的空氣污染并提高人們的環(huán)境意識。4．Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthepresentenvironmenthasmuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人意識到，目前的環(huán)境與我們對地球的所作所為有很大關(guān)系。5．Ithinkitisagoodideatosetupaclublikethat!Youcanfirstgivespeechesaboutprotectingtheenvironmentatschool.我認(rèn)為建立這樣一個俱樂部是個好主意！你可以先在學(xué)校做關(guān)于保護(hù)環(huán)境的演講。一、作文提升練習(xí)下面是一篇學(xué)生習(xí)作，主題是倡議“綠色生活”。請根據(jù)上面所學(xué)，對習(xí)作進(jìn)行潤色、