2021年河南省中原名校高考英語模擬試卷（一）（附答案詳解）

2021年河南省中原名校高考英語模擬試卷(一)

一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題，共30.0分)

(2021?河南省?模擬題)

A

HereYethemostpopulareventsinNYC!

BakingFrenchMacaronswith2xChoppedChampion

$50,00Phonenumber(913)846-6322

MastertheantofFrenchMacaronswith2xChoppedChampion,ChefMel!BakealongsideMel

andyourNortheastCommunityManagersaswemaketwixmacarons.ChefMelisgenerously

offeringYelpersa10%discount!

YelpShopsLocal：ACuisineTourofPariswithChefTova

$46.00Phonenumber(012)874-7032

Weknowhowmuchyoumissexploringtheworld,seeingnewsitesandofcourse,eatingnew

foodsfromallover.WecanhelpyouexperienceanightabroadwithourCuisineTourofParis

withChefTova!ThiseventwilltakeplaceonZoomandYelpersfromalloverarewelcome!It

willbetheperfectwaytotrysometraditionalFrenchsnacks,sweetsandspreadrightinyour

ownhome.Nopassportneeded!

YelpNorthJerseyPresents：TastetheHolidaysatHome

$49.00Phonenumber(914)865-7026

Theholidayseasonisuponus,andwe'vegotallthingscookingandbakingonthebrain!Joinus

foraseriesofvirtualeventswherewelllearnhowtocreatedeliciousandcomfortingsweetand

tastyseasonalcreations.We'rebringingtheexpertsintoyourveryownkitchen.We'llbe

cookingwithsomelocalcookingexperts,andtheyareexcitedtosharetheirtipsandtrickswith

you.Beforetheeventyou'llbeprovidedwithalistofingredientstosecureinadvance.

DecemberCannaGather

$48,00Phonenumber(012)229-5600

CannaGatherhoststhelargestmonthlyeducationalandnetworkingeventsforthecannabis(大

麻)industryinNYC.Thismonth'seventforthecannabisindustrywillbefeaturingState

SenatorDianeSavinoandCongressmanJerryNadler.

1.Forwhicheventcanonepayleasttojoin?

A.DecemberCannaGather.

B.BakingFrenchMacaronswith2xChoppedChampion.

C.YelpNorthJerseyPresents：TastetheHolidaysalHome.

D.YelpShopsLocal：ACuisineTourofPariswithChefTova.

2.Whichwillyoucallforfurtherinformationifyoupreferavirtualactivity?

A.(913)846-6322.B.(012)874-7032.

C.(914)865-7026.D.(012)229-5600.

3.Whichsectionisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.VirtualMusic.B.Food&Drink.

C.PerformingArts.D.Lectures&Books.

(2021?河南省?模擬題)

B

BeforeherfirstsummitonJuly10,BrittneyWoodrumhadneverclimbedoneofColorado,s

fourteeners-the58mountainpeaksinColoradowithanaltitudeof14,000feetof

higher.Bul,lessthan80dayslater,theUniversityofDenvergraduatestudentwouldreachthe

topofall58peaksaspartofher"FourteenersProject1'toraise,moneyforShelterBox,aglobal

aidorganization."Ihadneverdoneafourteenerbeforethisproject,butIfeltconfidentIcould

doit,"Woodrumsaid.

Woodrumisworkingtowardadegreeinhumanitarian(人道主義的)assistanceatUniversity

ofDenverafterstudyingnonproftadministrationandSpanishattheUniversityof

Kentucky.UponmovingtoDenver,sheimmediatelysetouttofindawaytogivebackand

wantedtocombineitwithherloveoftheoutdoors.

ShelterBoxwasthefirsttoreachouttoWoodrum.Notedforisbig,greenbox,whichitsendsout

tothoseacrosstheglobeincrisis,isambassadors(大使)haveareputationfbrgoingongreat

adventureswiththeboxtoraiseawarenessforismission.Woodrumdecidedtocopewiththe

fourteenersallwhilecarryingoneoftheseboxes,hopingtoraise$1,400permountain,oralittle

morethan$80,000.

CapitolPeak,locatednotfarfromtheSnowmassSkiArea,isarguablyoneofthestate's

deadliestfburteener.ThatreputationhadWoodrumabitconcemed.Nottomention,thedayshe

beganherhiketowardCapitolhappenedtobethesamedaytheGrizzlyCreekFirebrokeout

第2頁，共23頁

nearGlenwoodSprings,makingforoneofthemostuniquenightsofherproject.UIwasreally

scaredtodoit,"shesaid.

Afterreachingthetopofherfinalpeak-CrestoneNeedleintheSangredeCristoRange-on

Sept.26,Woodrumsaidshehadraisedabout$85,000forShelterBox^COVID-19emergency

relieffund.

4.HowdidWoodrumfeelabouthernewadventurebeforetheproject?

A.Astonished.B.Confident.C.Grateful.D.Doubtful.

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutShelerBox?

A.Itisabletodealwiththeglobalcrisis.

B.Itoftensetsatightscheduleforisambassadors.

C.Itisaninternationaldisasterrelieforganizaion.

D.Itrequiresitsambassadorstodonategreenboxes.

6.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?

A.Tointroduceanewsitetoreaders.

B.Toaddthebackgroundknowledge.

C.ToemphasizeWoodrum'sachievements.

D.Topresentthepleasureoftheproject.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.BrittneyWoodrum,ClimbingforaCause

B.ClimbingIsInspiringforEveryMountaineer

C.DenverGraduateStudentBecameanAmbassadress

D.ShelterBoxUSA,RaiseMoneyforFamiliesinNeed

（2021?河南省?模擬題）

c

Today'syoungpeoplefrequentlydealwithmultiplestreamsofinformationandentertainment

mediawhiledoingschoolwork,atrendthatresearchers.calldistractedlearning.Whilenumerous

researchersfoundthatsimultaneous（同時的）useofelectronicdeviceshasaharmfulimpact

onlearningaresearcher,professorShellyJ.SchmidtoftheUniversityofIllinoisat

Urbana-Champaign,saidmanystudentsdismisswarningsaboutthenegativeconsequences

becausetheyconsiderthemselvessuchgoodmultitaskers.

Whilethefaculty（全體教員）restrictorbanstudents'unapproveduseofcellphonesandother

devicesintheclassroom,thesepoliciescanbedifficultforinstructorstoenforceandcast

technologyas"theenemy"."Banningtechnologyuseintheclassroomsuggeststoourstudents

thattheyarechildrenwhocan'tlearntoappropriatelyhandleit,ratherthanyoungadultsweare

helpingtogrowintoprofessionals/Schmidtsaid.

Whileit'svirtuallyimpossibletomakestudentslimitalldistractionsinclassorout,Schmidt

saidteachersandparentscanencourageyouthstodevelopaninternallocusofcontrol（內控

點）.

Researchersfoundthatmediamultitaskingduringschoolworkdisturbsstudents'attentionand

workingmemory.Studentsmayunderstandlessandhavedifficultyrecallingwhattheyhave

learnedandapplyingitinnewcontexts.Theirreadingcomprehension,note-takingabilitytest

performanceandgradepointaveragesalldecrease,accordingtothestudiesSchmidtreviewed.

Someresearcherssuggestthatmobiledevicescanworsenaformofsocialanxietycalledthe

"fearofmissingout"thatforcespeopletointerrupttheirstudiesandworkprojectsconstantlyto

readandrespondtosocialmediapostsandmessages,negativelyactingtheir

performance.Whenworkingontheprojectsthatrequirelastingconcentration,Schmidtsaid

intentionallyremovingirrelevantdevicesfromtheirworkspacescanhelppeoplelimit

distractionsandresisttheurgetorespondtoeverybuzzorpingsentbytheirphone.

8.WhatdoesSchmidtfindintherecentresearch?

A.Studentsaregoodatmultitaskingwhilestudying.

B.Studentsarenotaffectedbytheuseofelectronicmedia.

C.Studentsattachgreatimportancetousingelectronicmedia.

D.Studentsdon'tcareabouttheexpertopinionondistractedlearning.

9.WhatdoesSchmidtthinkoftherestrictionsonelectricsinclass?

A.Theybringinbetterlearningconditions.

B.Theyproduceinequalityamongstudents.

C.Theymaymakestudentsdoubttheirself-control.

D.Theydisturbthefriendlylearningatmosphereintheschool.

10.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Thenegativeeffectsofdistractedlearning.

B.Howcanstudentsfightwithdistractedlearning?

C.Whysomestudentsperformbadlyinlearning.

D.Therolethebrainplaysinlearning.

第4頁，共23頁

11.Whatcanbeinferredabout"fearofmissingout"inthelastparagraph?

A.Itiscausedbysocialmediause.

B.Itrequireslongtermfocusonmedia.

C.Itmakesmanypeoplesufferingstress.

D.Itcanbeovercomebypoweringoffphones.

（2021?河南省?模擬題）

D

Everyyear,companieslikeGoPromanagetopackmoreandmorefunctionsintosmallerand

smalleractioncamerasthatarelessnoticeabletowear.Butateamofresearchersfromthe

UniversityofWashingtonhavemanagedtobuildalive-streamingwirelesscamerathat'sso

smallthatevenaninsectcanwearit.Ifsnotquitesmallandlightenoughtobeheldtoafly,but

ataround250milligrams,thecamerawassuccessfullycarriedbyabeetle.

Althoughthecamerainsideamodernsmartphoneiscertainlytiny,it*stoolargeandheavyfor

aninsecttocarryoncethebatteriesareadded.Capturingmillionofpixels（像素）withevery

shotrequiresalotofimageprocessing,whichinturnrequiresalotofpower.Takinganalternate

route,theresearcherscopiednature'sapproachtohowfliesseetheworld.Theirlargecompound

eyescannotonlydetectmotionacrossawidefieldofview（it'swhythey'resodifficulttohit）

butalsofeatureasmall,high-resolution（分辨率）regionthatcanfocusontheirtargetswhich

helpsreducetheloadontheirtinybrains.

Givenitssizeandlow-powerapproach,thecamera'sstreamingabilitiesaresimilarly

limited,withaBluetoothconnectionthatmaxesoutatadistanceofroughly120

meters,requiringaremoteoperatortobefairlyclosetothecameraatalltimes.However,battery

lifeissurprisinglydecent.Thecameracanrunforuptotwohours,buttoextendthat,the

researchersincludedanaccelerometersothatit'sonlycapturingandbroadcastingimages

wheneverthebeetleismoving.Thatcanincreasethecamera'sbatterylifetooversixhours.

Theresearchersacknowledgethattheirdesigncertainlyraisessomeprivacyconcerns,given

howeasyitisforinsectstofindtheirwayintoyourhome.Butthecameracouldprovide

entomologists（昆蟲學者）withnewinsightsintohowinsectscrosstheirenvironment,respond

tothreatsinthewild,andevenprovideacloserlookattheirsocialstructures.

12.Whatisthefeatureofthenewcamera?

A.Ifssmall-sizeandlow-weight.

B.Ittakesmuchclearerpictures.

C.Itcanperformtasksintheopenair.

D.Itprotectsbeetlesfromtheirenemies.

13.Whatdotheresearcherslearnfromfliesforthenewcamera?

A.Howtoenlargeitsvision.

B.Howtocapturethetarget.

C.Howtosavepowerofitsbattery.

D.Howtomakesharpturnsduringflying.

14.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword''decent'*inParagraph3?

A.casualB.adequate

C.beneficialD.unsatisfactory

15.What'stheauthor'sattitudetothedesignofthenewcamera?

A.Critical.B.Doubtful.C.Favorable.D.Objective.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

(2021?河南省?模擬題)ExercisingWhenSick：AGoodMove?Youhavebeensogreatabout

yournewexerciseroutine,rarelymissingadaysinceyoustartedupagain.(1).What

shouldyoudo?Shouldyouskiptherunningmachineorforsakethatyogaclassforalate

afternoonmap?Willitbehardtogetstartedagainifyouskipadayortwo?(2)

.Let'sfollowwhatexpertstellWebMD.

"Feveristhelimitingfactor,"saysLewisG.Maharam,MD,aNewYorkCity-basedsports

medicineexpert."(3),becausethatcanmakeyouevensicker,'1hesays."Dowhat

youcando,andifyoucan'tdoit,thendon't."Mostpeoplewhoarefitlendtofeelworseifthey

stoptheirexercise,butifyouhavegotabadcaseofthefluandcan'tliftyourheadofthepillow,

(4).

PersonaltrainerandexercisephysiotherapistGeralynCoopersmithsaid/'Thegeneralruleis

thatifitisjustalittlesniffleandyoutakesomemedicationsanddon'tfeelsosick,ifsOKto

workout.Butifyouhaveanychesttightness,ifsnotadvisabletoworkout.*'

(5)."Ifyouarefeelingkindofbad,youmaywanttoconsiderawalkinsteadofa

run.Taketheintensitydownordoaregenerativeactivitylikeyogabecauseifyoudon'tfeel

great,itmaynotbethebestdaytodoyourraces,"saysCoopersmith,theauthorofFitand

Female.

第6頁，共23頁

A.Youreallyneedtoknowyourlimits

B.Thenallofasuddenyoucatchacoldorflu

C.ManyexpertsusetheHabovetheneck"rule

D.Theanswerdependsonwhatmakesyousick

E.aspeedyrecoveryisalwaysthegoalwhenyouaresick

F.chancesarethatyouwon'twanttogorunaroundtheblock

G.Thedangeristhatexercisingcanraiseyourbodytemperature

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）

(2021?河南省?模擬題)ItwasjustlikeanyothermorningIwasatthebusstop,onmywaytothe

labwhereIwasapostdoctoralfellow.ButasI(1)thepeoplearoundme-headphones

swingingfromtheirears,(2)castdown,unsmilingfaces-somethingbegantostir

(攬動)insideme.Theylooked(3).And,IrealizedthatIwasoneofthem.Suddenly,1

couldnolongercontinuewithmyworklife.I(4)aone-waytickettoflyhomethenext

morning.Ididn'tknowwhatwouldcomenext.AHIknewwasthat,(5)Ilovedscience

andresearch,whatIhadbeendoingwasn'tworking.

Overtheyears,asIdealwiththe(6)offinishingmyPh.D.,Ihadgrownmore

competitive.!pushedmyselftobethefirsttogeneratesensational(變動的)resultsandto(7)

inhigh-impactjournals.Thosewhocouldhavebeen(8)becameopponentsI

hated.Whenrunningintoscientificproblems,!thoughtIhadto(9)themmyself

insteadofaskingforhelp.Ibegantofeelaloneand(10).1becamelessandless

productive.Butthecultureofacademia-(11)competitionandindividualsuccess

aboveallelse-seemedtoreinforce(力口強)my(12).1wassurethatthiswasnotthe

righttimetoshowanyinsecurities,so1(13).Thatdayatthebusstop,I(14)

mybreakingpoint.The(15)hadtoend.

ThreemonthsafterIleftsosuddenly,!waspreparedtogobacktowork.Thefirstdayswere(16)

.ButIfocusedon(17)tomynewviewandbeingpatientasIreadjusted.(18)

,cooperationhasreplaced(19).Workingrelationshipsarenowgenuine

humanones.Inolongerfeellikeoneofthelonely,unhappypeopleatthe(20).

21.A.visitedB.reportedC.watchedD.troubled

22.A.eyesB.armsC.noseD.legs

23.A.readyB.unhealthyC.greedyD.unhappy

24.A.designedB.bookedC.circledD.returned

25.A.asthoughB.unlessC.eventhoughD.since

26.A.emergenciesB.prejudiceC.revolutionD.pressure

27.A.recordB.publishC.reserveD.predict

28.A.partnersB.championsC.colleaguesD.applicants

29.A.findB.overlookC.rejectD.solve

30.A.guiltyB.lostC.easyD.alive

31.A.questioningB.controllingC.prizingD.sharing

32.A.reputationB.declineC.successD.approach

33.A.hungonB.blewupC.burstinD.kickedoff

34.A.hitB.cutC.drewD.tried

35.A.linkB.raceC.helpD.play

36.A.blankB.equalC.toughD.calm

37.A.stickingB.agreeingC.referringD.adding

38.A.OnthecontraryB.Asaresult

C.BythewayD.Ingeneral

39.A.contributionB.devotionC.expectationD.competition

40.A.labB.homeC.stopD.field

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.(2021?河南省?模擬題)ThethemeoftheEarthDaycelebrationthisyearis

parties-specificallyhowtodecrease(1)(they)unwantedimpactsonour

environment.Whatwasperhapsetinplaceinthemid-20thcentury(2)plastic

第8頁，共23頁

wasmanufacturedonalargescalehascomebacktotroubleus.

Plasticrefuseiseverywhere.It*s(3)(big)thanTexasinthePacificgarbage

patch(帶)，andisassmallasthemicroplasticsgettingeatenbyfishandturnedouton

ourdinerplates.

Someenvironmentalgroupsareleadinggrassrootsmovementstocutbackontheuseof

commonplasticslikestraws；theU.Kevenrecentlyadvised(4)(pass)alaw

tobanthem.It'soneaccumulativewaytocutbackonthegreat91percentofplasticthatis

notrecycled.

JonathanBilliechiefscientistoftheNationalGeographicSociety,saysthataddressingthis

issue(5)(require)fundamentalchanges."First,weshouldplacegreatervalue

onthenaturalworld,"hesays.

Then,wearesupposed(6)(commit)ourselvestoprotectingregionslikethe

AmazonandCongothathousecriticalenvironments.Lastly,henotes,weneedtoinnovate

more(7)(rapid).Producingproteinforconsumptionmoreefficientlyand

fosteringrenewableenergyresourceswillhelpreduce(8)impactsofwhathe

seesastheEarth'sgreatestthreats."Fundamentally,ifwecare(9)thenatural

world,wewillvalueandprotectitandmake(10)(decision)thatensurethe

futureofspeciesandecosystems."

五、短文改錯(本大題共I小題，共10.0分)

42.(2021?河南省?模擬題)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同

桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及

一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號S),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：I.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞：

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

ThissummervacationwhenIalongwithmyfriendstravelledtoDunhuangtoexplorethe

SilkRoad.WearrivedatDunhuangonasunday.Gettingoffthetraininhighspirit,we

couldn'twaitvisittheMogaoCaves.Weweredeeplyimpressedbyitsscenery,theguide

vividintroductionorwonderfulartworksofancientcraftsmen.Thenextday,wedevoted

ustotheexplorationoftheSilkRoad,sitonthecamelsandhikinginthevastdesert.Before

leaving,wetookaphototogethertomemorizeatripinfrontofthecaves.Weallwill

treasureeverymomentwespendthere.

六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.（2021?河南省?模擬題）你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請你以"TheSchoolLibrary”為題,

寫一篇短文參賽，內容包括：

1.地理方位；

2.簡介功能區(qū)。

注意：

1.詞數100左右;

2.短文題目已為你寫好。

TheSchoolLibrary

第10頁，共23頁

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】B

【知識點】時文廣告

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一個活動中”$50.00Phonenumber（913）846-6322"

和"ChefMelisgenerouslyofferingYelpersa10%discount!（梅爾主廚慷慨地給點評網網

友提供10%的折扣）”可知，BakingFrenchMacaronswith2xChoppedChampion這個活

動最低可以45元。故選B項。

（2）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三個活動"Joinusforaseriesofvirtualeventswherewe'lllearn

howtocreatedeliciousandcomfortingsweetandtastyseasonalcreations.（力口入我們的一系

列虛擬活動，我們將學習如何創(chuàng)造既可口又舒適的糖果和美味的季節(jié)性創(chuàng)意作品）”可

知，如果你更喜歡虛擬活動，要向機構詢問更多的信息要撥打（914）865-7026。故選C

項。

（3）B.文章出處題。根據文中幾個活動名稱"BakingFrenchMacaronswith2xChopped

Champion"和"YelpShopsLocal：ACuisineTourofPariswithChefTova"中的單詞"Baking

FrenchMacarons（烤法國馬卡龍）"和"ACuisineTourofPariswithChefTova（Tova主廚

的巴黎美食之旅）”可推知，這篇文章取自食物和飲料區(qū)。故選B項。

這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一些在紐約比較受歡迎的活動，并介紹了這些活動的具體

內容、聯(lián)系方式和價格等相關信息。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原

文信息進行轉換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章

取義。

4.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】A

【知識點】日常生活

【解析】（1）B.推理判斷題。根據第一段中

Ihadneverdoneafburteenerbeforethisproject,butIfeltconfidentIcoulddoit,"Woodrum

said.（Woodrum說：”在這個項目之前，我從來沒有做過十四人計劃，但我覺得自己有

信心做到。）可推知，Woodrum對她的新冒險感到有信心。A.Astonished吃驚的；

B.Confident有信心的；C.Grateful感激的；D.Doubtful懷疑的。故選B.

（2）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中raisemoneyforShelterBox,aglobalaidorganization（為

全球援助組織"ShelterBox”籌集資金。）以及第三段中

"Notedforitsbig,greenbox,whichitsendsouttothoseacrosstheglobeincrisis（ShelterBox

以其綠色的大箱子而聞名，它將箱子寄給全球各地處于危機中的人們。）可知，ShelterBox

是一個國際災難救援組織。故選C.

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據第四段

CapitolPeakjocatednotfarfromtheSnowmassSkiArea,isarguablyoneofthestate'sdeadli

est

fourteener.ThatreputationhadWoodrumabitconcerned.Nottomention,thedayshebeganh

erhiketowardCapitol

happenedtobethesamedaytheGrizzlyCreekFirebrokeoutnearGlenwoodSprings,makin

gforoneofthemostuniquenightsofherproject."Iwasreallyscaredtodoit,"shesaid.（離

斯諾馬斯滑雪場不遠的國會山峰，可以說是該州最致命的十四人計劃之一。這種名聲讓

Woodrum有點擔心。更不用說，就在她開始徒步前往國會大廈的那天，格倫伍德泉附

近發(fā)生了灰熊溪大火，這使她的計劃成為最獨特的夜晚之一?！蔽艺娴暮芎ε逻@么做，”

她說。）可推知，作者在第四段想要強調Woodrum的成就。故選C.

（4）A.標題歸納題。根據第一段BeforeherfirstsummitonJuly10,

BrittneyWoodrumhadneverclimbedoneofColorado*s

fourteeners--the58mountainpeaksinColoradowithanaltitudeof14,

000feetofhigher.ButJessthan80dayslater,theUniversityofDenvergraduatestudentwould

reachthetopofall58peaksaspartofher"FourteenersProject1'toraisemoneyforShelterBo

x,aglobalaidorganization.（在7月10日第一次登頂之前，BrittneyWoodrum從未攀登過

科羅拉多州的14座山峰之一科羅拉多州海拔14000英尺以上的58座山峰。但是，不到

第12頁，共23頁

80天后，這位丹佛大學的研究生將到達所有58座山峰的頂部，作為她的“十四人計戈『

的一部分，為全球援助組織ShelterBox籌集資金。）結合文章主要說明了丹佛大學研究

生BrittneyWoodrum挑戰(zhàn)攀登山峰，為全球援助組織ShelterBox籌集資金。文章介紹了

一些她的個人信息以及攀登的經過?？芍珹選項BrittneyWoodrum—?為一項事業(yè)而攀

登的人”最符合文章標題。故選A.

本文主要說明了丹佛大學研究生BrittneyWoodrum挑戰(zhàn)攀登山峰，為全球援助組織

ShelterBox等集資金。文章介紹了一些她的個人信息以及攀登的經過。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。因為閱讀理解題

一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料。

其次，細讀題材，各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清

每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息。

要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性。對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真

分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。

8.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】C

【知識點】科技信息與發(fā)明創(chuàng)新

【解析】（1）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段

manystudentsdismisswarningsaboutthenegativeconsequencesbecausetheyconsiderthem

selvessuchgoodmullitaskers.（許多學生不理會那些負面警告，因為他們認為自己能很好

地處理多個任務。）可知，Schmidt在最近的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)：學生們不關心專家對分散式

學習的見解。故選D項。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據第二段

Banningtechnologyuseintheclassroomsuggeststoourstudentsthattheyarechildrenwhoc

an'tlearntoappropriatelyhandleit（在教室禁止使用科技讓學生們認為自己是不能合理駕

馭科技的小孩子。）可知，Schmidt認為在課堂上對電子產品的限制或許會使學生們懷

疑自己的自控能力。故選C項。

（3）A.段落大意題。根據第三段

Researchersfoundthatmediamultitaskingduringschoolworkdisturbsstudents'attentionand

workingmemory.Studentsmayunderstandlessandhave

difficultyrecallingwhattheyhavelearnedandapplyingitinnew

contexts.Theirreadingcomprehension,note-takingability,testperformanceandgradepointav

eragesalldecrease,accordingtothestudiesSchmidtreviewed.（研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)：在做功課時處

理媒體上的許多任務會干擾學生們的注意力和工作的記憶力。學生或?許理解得更少、

很難回憶起他們所學的內容和在新知識上的應用。根據Schmidt的研究回顧：他們的閱

讀理解能力、記筆記的能力、考試的情況和平均成點都在下降。）可知，第四段主要講

分散式學習的消極影響。故選A項。

（4）C.推理判斷題。根據最后一段

Someresearcherssuggestthatmobiledevicescanworsenaformofsocialanxietycalledthe"

fearof

missingout"thatforcespeopletointerrupttheirstudiesandworkprojectsconstantlytoread

andrespondtosocialmediapostsandmessages,negativelyaffectingtheirperformance.（一些

研究者表明：移動設備能使一種叫做"害怕錯過”的社交焦更加嚴重。這迫使人們立刻打

斷自己的學習和工作項目，去讀和回復社交媒體上的推文和消息。這對他們的表現(xiàn)有消

極影響。）可知，fearofmissingout會使許多人在I作和學習中因害怕錯過消息而遭受

消息的壓力。故選C項。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述年輕人總是在課堂上、學習中被手機打擾，分散注意力

的情況，以及分散式學習的負面影響。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。因為閱讀理解題

一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料。

其次，細讀題材，各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清

每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息。

要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性。對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真

分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。

12.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】A【小題3】A【小題4】B

【知識點】科技信息與發(fā)明創(chuàng)新

【解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段

"ButateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofWashingtonhavemanagedtobuildalive-st

第14頁，共23頁

reamingwirelesscamerathat'ssosmallthatevenaninsectcanwearit."（但華盛頓大學的一

組研究人員已經成功制造出了一種無線實時攝像裝置，它非常小，連昆蟲都可以戴上

它。）可知，這種新攝像頭既小又輕。故選A項。

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段最后一句

"Theirlargecompoundeyescannotonlydetectmotionacrossawidefieldofview（it'swh

ythey'resodifculttohit）butalsofeatureasmall,high-resolution（分辨

率）regionthatcanfocusontheirtargets,whichhelpsreducetheloadontheirtinybrains."（它

們的大復眼不僅可以在廣闊的視野中檢測運動（這就是為什么它們很難被擊中），而且

還具有一個小的、高分辨率的區(qū)域，可以聚焦在它們的目標上，這有助于減少它們微小

的大腦的負荷。）可知，研究人員為攝像機從蒼蠅身上學習到的是如何擴大攝像機的視

野。故選A項。

（3）A.詞句猜測題。根據第三段最后一句

"Thecameracanrunforuptotwohours,buttoextendthat,theresearchersindludedan

accelerometersothatit'sonlycapturingandbroadcastingimageswheneverthebeetleismovi

ngThatcanincreasethecamera'sbatterylifetooversixhours."（這種相機可以運行兩個小

時，但為了延長時間，研究人員還安裝了一個加速計，這樣它就只在甲蟲移動的時候捕

捉和播放圖像，這樣相機的電池壽命就可以延長到六個小時以上.）可知，這種電池

只是暫時的，研究人員還在改進中，而A項casual臨時的，非正式的，符合題意。A.casual

隨意的：B.adequate充足的；C.beneficial有益的；D.unsatisfactory不滿意的。故選A項。

（4）B.觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段第一句

"Theresearchersacknowledgethattheirdesigncertainlyraisessomeprivacyconcerns,givenh

oweasyitisforinsectstofindtheirwayintoyou