常用基礎(chǔ)庫(kù)objectivec介紹

ObjectiveC基礎(chǔ)庫(kù)介紹NSString創(chuàng)建字符串常見(jiàn)方法3NSString*astring=@"ThisisaString!";NSString*astring=[[NSStringalloc]initWithString:@"ThisisaString!"];

NSString

*astring

=

[NSString

stringWithFormat:@"我的名字：%@

我的年齡：%d

我的郵箱：%s",@“XiaoMing",

25,“"];

NSString

*astring

=

[NSString

stringWithUTF8String:"字符串轉(zhuǎn)換"];

4合并兩個(gè)字符串int

i

=

100;

char*c

=

“chinasofti";

NSString

*temp

=

@"我是臨時(shí)字符串";

NSString

*str1

=

[temp

stringByAppendingFormat:@"整型：

%d

字符型

：%s",i,c];

NSString

*str2

=

[temp

stringByAppendingString:temp];

得到字符串長(zhǎng)度5NSString*astring=@”HelloWorld”;NSIntegernum=[astringlength]NSLog(@”%d”,num);num=[astringlengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUnicodeStringEncoding];NSLog(@”%d”,num);字符串比較6NSString*str1=@"ThisisaString!";NSString*str2=@"ThisisaString!";BOOLret=[str1isEqualToString:str2];if(ret){ NSLog(@”str1和str2字符串內(nèi)容相同”);}else{ NSLog(@”str1和str2字符串內(nèi)容不相同”);}注意，判斷兩個(gè)字符串內(nèi)容是否相同，一定不可以這樣判斷：str1==str27NSString*str1=@"ThisisaString!";NSString*str2=@"Thisisastring!";NSComparisonResultret=[str1compare:str2]if(NSOrderedAscending==ret){ NSLog(@”str1小于str2”);}elseif(NSOrderedSame==ret){ NSLog(@”str1等于str2”);}elseif(NSOrderedDescending==ret){ NSLog(@”str1大于str2”);}8NSString*str0=@“icon_background.jpg“;

//字符串以開(kāi)頭比較

if([str0hasPrefix:@“icon"]){NSLog(@"str0字符串以icon開(kāi)頭");}

//字符串以結(jié)尾比較

if([str1hasSuffix:@“jpg]){NSLog(@"str0字符串以jpg結(jié)尾");}搜索字符串與替換字符串9NSString*str0=@"mynameisXiaoMing";NSString*temp=@"is";NSRangerang=[str0rangeOfString:temp];if(rang.location!=NSNotFound){ NSLog(@“{%d,%d}",rang.location,rang.length);}else{ NSLog(@”沒(méi)有找到%@”,temp);}

NSString*str=[str0stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:rangwithString:@"啦啦啦……"];NSLog(@"替換后字符串為%@",str);

字符串的截取與大小寫改變10NSString*str0=@"mynameisXiaoMing";

//截取字符串起始點(diǎn)到index為4之間的內(nèi)容

NSString*to=[str0substringToIndex:4];

NSLog(@"to=%@",to);

//截取字符index為2到結(jié)尾之間的內(nèi)容

NSString*from=[str0substringFromIndex:2];

NSLog(@"from=%@",from);

//設(shè)置截取字符串的范圍，從第二位到第十位

NSRangerang=NSMakeRange(2,10);NSString*strRang=[str0substringWithRange:rang];NSLog(@"rang=%@",strRang);

//設(shè)置字符串首字母大寫

NSLog(@"str0首字母大寫:%@",[str0capitalizedString]);//設(shè)置字符串全部?jī)?nèi)容為大寫

NSLog(@"str0大寫:%@",[str0uppercaseString]);//設(shè)置字符全部?jī)?nèi)容為小寫

NSLog(@"str0小寫:%@",[str0lowercaseString]);數(shù)值轉(zhuǎn)換doubleValuefloatValueintValueintegerValuelongLongValueboolValue11NSMutableString添加字符串13NSMutableString*str=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:@"Hello"];[strappendString:@"World!"];NSLog(@"str:%@",str);[strappendFormat:@"1+1=%d",1+1];NSLog(@"str:%@",str);[strrelease];NSMutableString是NSString的子類，它和NSString的主要區(qū)別在于可修改刪除、插入、替換14NSMutableString*str=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];[strdeleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0,5)];NSLog(@"str:%@",str);[strrelease];NSMutableString*str=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];[strinsertString:@"Hi!"atIndex:0];NSLog(@"str:%@",str);[strrelease];NSMutableString*str=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];[strreplaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0,4)withString:@"That"];NSLog(@"str:%@",str);[strrelease];NSArray和NSMutableArrayNSArray數(shù)組只可以管理OC對(duì)象，不可以管理非OC對(duì)象1617[arraycount]:數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度。

[arrayobjectAtIndex0]:傳入數(shù)組腳標(biāo)的id得到數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象。

[arrayWithObjects;...]:向數(shù)組對(duì)象初始化賦值。這里可以寫任意對(duì)象的指針,結(jié)尾必須使用nil。#import<Foundation/Foundation.h>intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSArray*array=[NSArrayarrayWithObjects:@"a",@”b”,@"c",nil];NSLog(@"arrayCount:%lu",[arraycount]);//遍歷數(shù)組

for(NSObject*objectinarray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}}return0;}NSArray基本用法切割和合并18NSString*string=[[NSStringalloc]initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"];NSLog(@"string:%@",string);NSArray*array=[stringcomponentsSeparatedByString:@","];NSLog(@"array:%@",array);[stringrelease];NSArray*array=[[NSArrayalloc]initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];NSString*string=[arraycomponentsJoinedByString:@","];NSLog(@"string:%@",string);NSMutableArray基本用法[NSMutableArrayarrayWithCapacity:0]:初始化可變數(shù)組對(duì)象的長(zhǎng)度，如果后面代碼繼續(xù)添加數(shù)組超過(guò)長(zhǎng)度0以后NSMutableArray的長(zhǎng)度會(huì)自動(dòng)擴(kuò)充，6是自己可以設(shè)置的顆粒度。

[arrayaddObject:...]:向可變數(shù)組尾部添加數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象。1920#import<Foundation/Foundation.h>intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{

NSMutableArray*muArray=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithCapacity:6];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象1"];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象2"];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象3"];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象4"];[muArrayinsertObject:@"攪局的"atIndex:2];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}}return0;}刪除對(duì)象[arrayremoveObject:(id)]:刪除數(shù)組中指定元素，根據(jù)對(duì)象isEqual消息判斷。[arrayremoveObjectIdenticalTo:(id)]:刪除數(shù)組中指定元素,根據(jù)對(duì)象的地址判斷[arrayremoveObjectIdenticalTo:(id)inRange:(NSRange)]:在指定范圍內(nèi)刪除指定的元素。[arrayremoveObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)]:刪除數(shù)組中指定腳標(biāo)索引的數(shù)據(jù)。[arrayremoveObjectsInArray:(NSArray*)]:刪除一個(gè)數(shù)組的元素。2122intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSString*str1=[[NSStringalloc]init];NSString*str2=[[NSStringalloc]init];NSString*str3=[str1stringByAppendingFormat:@"字符串"];NSString*str4=[str2stringByAppendingFormat:@"字符串"];NSMutableArray*muArray=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithCapacity:6];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象"];[muArrayaddObject:str3];[muArrayaddObject:str4];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}if([str3isEqual:str4]){NSLog(@"str1isEqualstr2");}if(str3==str4){NSLog(@"str1==str2");}[muArrayremoveObject:str3];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}[str1release];[str2release];}return0;}23intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSString*str1=[[NSStringalloc]init];NSString*str2=[[NSStringalloc]init];NSString*str3=[str1stringByAppendingFormat:@"字符串"];NSString*str4=[str2stringByAppendingFormat:@"字符串"];NSMutableArray*muArray=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithCapacity:6];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象"];[muArrayaddObject:str3];[muArrayaddObject:str4];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}if([str3isEqual:str4]){NSLog(@"str1isEqualstr2");}if(str3==str4){NSLog(@"str1==str2");}[muArrayremoveObjectIdenticalTo:str3];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}[str1release];[str2release];}return0;}替換24intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSMutableArray*muArray=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithCapacity:6];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象1"];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象2"];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象3"];[muArrayaddObject:@"對(duì)象4"];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}[muArrayreplaceObjectAtIndex:2withObject:@"字符串替換回來(lái)"];for(NSObject*objectinmuArray){NSLog(@"數(shù)組對(duì)象:%@",object);}}return0;}NSDictionary和NSMutableDictionaryNSDictionary基本用法NSDictionary把數(shù)據(jù)以鍵值對(duì)的形式儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)，取值的時(shí)候通過(guò)key就可以直接拿到對(duì)應(yīng)的值，方便快捷。和NSArray一樣，一個(gè)詞典對(duì)象也能保存不同類型的值，詞典也分別有不可變?cè)~典和可變的詞典（NSDictionary與NSMutableDictionary），前者是線程安全的，后者不是。26[NSDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:..]:使用鍵值對(duì)直接創(chuàng)建詞典對(duì)象，結(jié)尾必需使用nil標(biāo)志結(jié)束。[dictionarycount]:得到詞典的鍵值對(duì)數(shù)量。[dictionarykeyEnumerator]:將詞典的所有key儲(chǔ)存在NSEnumerator中，類似于Java語(yǔ)言中的迭代器[dictionaryobjectEnumerator]:將詞典的所有value儲(chǔ)存在NSEnumerator中[dictionaryobjectForKey:key]:通過(guò)傳入key對(duì)象可以拿到當(dāng)前key對(duì)應(yīng)儲(chǔ)存的值。2728intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSDictionary*dictionary=[NSDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"25",@"age",@"張三",@"name",@"男",@"性別",nil];NSLog(@"%lu",[dictionarycount]);NSEnumerator*enumeratorKey=[dictionarykeyEnumerator];for(NSObject*objectinenumeratorKey){NSLog(@"key:%@",object);}

NSEnumerator*enumeratorObject=[dictionaryobjectEnumerator];for(NSObject*objectinenumeratorObject){NSLog(@"value:%@",object);}NSLog(@"keyname的值是:%@",[dictionaryobjectForKey:@"name"]);

}return0;}NSMutableDictionary基本用法[dictionarysetObject:forKey:]:向可變的詞典動(dòng)態(tài)的添加數(shù)據(jù)

[dictionaryremoveAllObjects..]:刪除掉詞典中的所有數(shù)據(jù)。

[dictionaryremoveObjectForKey..]:刪除掉詞典中指定key的數(shù)據(jù)2930intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSMutableDictionary*dictionary=[NSMutableDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"25",@"age",@"張三",@"name",@"男",@"性別",nil];[dictionarysetObject:@"30名"forKey:@"名次"];

NSLog(@"%lu",[dictionarycount]);NSEnumerator*enumeratorKey=[dictionarykeyEnumerator];for(NSObject*objectinenumeratorKey){NSLog(@"key:%@",object);}

NSEnumerator*enumeratorObject=[dictionaryobjectEnumerator];for(NSObject*objectinenumeratorObject){NSLog(@"value:%@",object);}NSLog(@"key名次的值是:%@",[dictionaryobjectForKey:@"名次"]);[dictionaryremoveObjectForKey:@"名次"];NSLog(@"%lu",[dictionarycount]);}return0;}NSSet和NSMutableSetNSSet基本用法NSSet和NSMutableSet是無(wú)序的,但是它保證數(shù)據(jù)的唯一性。當(dāng)插入相同的數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，不會(huì)有任何效果。從內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)來(lái)說(shuō)是hash表，所以可以常數(shù)時(shí)間內(nèi)查找一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)。32[NSSetsetWithSet:(NSSet*)set];用另外一個(gè)set對(duì)象構(gòu)造[NSSetsetWithArray:(NSArray*)array];用數(shù)組構(gòu)造[NSSetsetWithObjects:...]:創(chuàng)建集合對(duì)象，并且初始化集合中的數(shù)值，結(jié)尾必需使用nil標(biāo)志。[setcount];得到這個(gè)結(jié)合對(duì)象的長(zhǎng)度。[setcontainsObject:...]:判斷這個(gè)集合中是否存在傳入的對(duì)象，返回BOOL值。[setobjectEnumerator]:將集合放入迭代器。[setisEqualToSet:objset]:判斷兩個(gè)集合是否完全相等,返回BOOL值。[setisSubsetOfSet:objset]:判斷集合中的所有數(shù)據(jù)是否都相等與objeset集合中,返回BOOL值。3334intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSSet*set=[NSSetsetWithObjects:@"25",@"age",@"張三",@"name",@"男",nil];NSSet*set1=[NSSetsetWithObjects:@"25",@"age",@"張三",@"name",@"男",@"性別",nil];

NSLog(@"setcount:%lu",[setcount]);if([setcontainsObject:@"age"]){NSLog(@"set包含age");}if([setisEqualToSet:set1]){NSLog(@"set等于set1");}if([setisSubsetOfSet:set1]){NSLog(@"setisSubsetOfSetset1");}NSArray*array=[setallObjects];NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

NSEnumerator*enumerator=[setobjectEnumerator];for(NSObject*objectinenumerator){NSLog(@"set1里的對(duì)象:%@",object);}}return0;}NSMutableSet的基本使用[NSMutableSetsetWithCapacity:6]:創(chuàng)建可變集合對(duì)象，并且初始化長(zhǎng)度為6。[setaddObject:obj]:向集合中動(dòng)態(tài)的添加對(duì)象。[setremoveObject:obj]:刪除集合中的一個(gè)對(duì)象。[setremoveAllObjects]:刪除集合中的所有對(duì)象。[setunionSet:obj]:向集合中添加一個(gè)obj集合的所有數(shù)據(jù)。[setminusSet:obj]:向集合中刪除一個(gè)obj集合的所有數(shù)據(jù)。[setintersectSet:obj]:向集合中刪除一個(gè)不包含obj集合的所有數(shù)據(jù)。35intmain(intargc,constchar*argv[]){@autoreleasepool{NSMutableSet*muSet=[NSMutableSetsetWithCapacity:6];[muSetaddObject:@"對(duì)象1"];NSSet*set=[NSSetsetWithObjects:@"對(duì)象2",@"對(duì)象3",@"被企鵝咬了一口",nil];//添加set數(shù)據(jù)

[muSetunionSet:set];for(NSObject*objectinmuSet){NSLog(@"allnuSet:%@",object);}NSSet*set1=[NSSetsetWit