大學(xué)英語四級(jí)(2013年12月考試改革適用)-試卷189

大學(xué)英語四級(jí)（2013年12月考試改革適用）-試卷189(總分：118.00，做題時(shí)間：90分鐘)一、Writing(總題數(shù)：2，分?jǐn)?shù)：4.00)1.PartIWriting（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDoOneThingataTime,AndDoItWellbycommentingonthesaying,"Icandomanythingswellatatimeifgivenchances."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.DoOneThingataTime,AndDoItWell

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正確答案：(正確答案：DoOneThingataTime,AndDoItWellThoughmanyofusoftenboastthat"Icandomanythingswellatatimeifgivenchances",inmostcases,wewouldultimatelymessthingsupwhenwereallyhavetohandlemanythingsatthesametime.Suchfailuredrivesustofollowtheprinciplethat"doonethingatatime,anddoitwell".Atfirstglance,multitaskingseemstobeproductive,butitactuallysplitsourattention,makingourworkineffectiveandunsuccessful.ImageastudenttryingtowinanEnglishspeechcontest,playinthecollegefootballteam,takeaninternshipandwriteagraduationthesisinonesingleterm.Ratherthangettingseveralthingshalf-done,whynottrytogetonethinghandsomelydone?Oncewefullyconcentrateononethingwithoutdistraction,wecanfinishthetaskfasterandbetter.Andthepreviousgoodperformancewillgiveusmoreconfidencetomoveforward,therebycreatingahealthycircle.Successdoesn'tdependonhowmanythingswehavedone,butonhowwellwecangetthingsdone.)解析：解析：這篇諺語型作文要求考生結(jié)合“如果給予我機(jī)會(huì)，我可以同時(shí)把很多事情做好”這種說法展開討論并發(fā)表白己的見解，并以“一次做一件事，并把它做好”為題。根據(jù)題目要求，文章結(jié)構(gòu)可安排如下：第一段簡要說很多人都有一次做很多事情但最終失敗的經(jīng)歷，指出“一次做一件事，并把它做好”才是正確的原則。第二段通過舉例來論述同時(shí)做幾件事的不足和一次做好一件事的優(yōu)勢。第三段用一句話總結(jié)全文。范文用了一個(gè)對(duì)比句式來總結(jié)，是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)句式。二、ListeningComprehension(總題數(shù)：12，分?jǐn)?shù)：50.00)3.PartIIListeningComprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：4.SectionA__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分?jǐn)?shù)：4.00）

A.TheU.S.centralbankdecidesmonetarypolicy.

B.TheU.S.centralbankhasraisedaninterestrate.

√

C.TheU.S.economicgrowthisexpectedtocontinue.

D.TheU.S.economyisaddingabout200,000jobseachyear.解析：解析：題目問新聞主旨。新聞開篇便說“美國央行將一項(xiàng)重要利率提高了0．25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)”。之后解釋了加息原因。B“美國央行提高了利率”將首句加以提煉，去掉具體的數(shù)據(jù)，表明了全文主旨。

A.Itisexpectedtogrow.

B.Itissetbelow1percent.

C.Itwouldaffectinterestrates.

D.Itwouldbegoodforpricestability.

√解析：解析：題目詢問由美國央行設(shè)定的targetinfla-tionrate“目標(biāo)通脹率”的相關(guān)信息。新聞提到央行將targetinflationrate設(shè)定在2％，央行表示該通脹率有助于支持就業(yè)(helpsupportemployment)和保持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定(keeppricesstable)，D中的pricestability與后者對(duì)應(yīng)，其中的stability是stable的名詞形式。（分?jǐn)?shù)：4.00）

A.Theyhadkilledciviliansanddestroyedbasicfacilities.

√

B.TheycoveredthewholenationofSyria

C.TheyattemptedtodestroySyria'sgovernmentfacilities.

D.Theywerelaunchedbasedonhumanitarianlaw.解析：解析：題目詢問AmnestyInternational“國際特赦組織”關(guān)于俄羅斯此次空襲的說法。新聞開頭就提到，該組織認(rèn)為俄羅斯的空襲殺死了數(shù)百名平民(killedhundredsofcivilians)并毀壞了一些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(destructiontobasicfacilities)，故A正確。

A.ItpromisedtostopairstrikesinSeptember.

B.Itdidnotfeelguiltyforthecasualties.

√

C.Itwasproudofcausingthecasualties.

D.Itclaimedtotakeresponsibleforthecasualties.解析：解析：題目詢問俄羅斯對(duì)造成的平民傷亡(civiliancasualties)的反應(yīng)。新聞中提到，俄方從未承認(rèn)他們傷及平民(neveracknowledgedcausinganycivil—iancasualties)，即他們從不為平民傷亡感到抱歉，故B正確。（分?jǐn)?shù)：6.00）

A.Thegrowingnumberofmotorvehiclesdoesn'tmeanmoretrafficcrashes.

√

B.Allcountriessurveyedhavegreatprogressinpreventingtrafficdeaths.

C.Roadtrafficcrashesaredecreasinginthose180countriessurveyed.

D.Roadcrasheshavebeenpreventedthoroughlyinmostpoorcountries.解析：解析：題目問調(diào)查結(jié)果為什么是一個(gè)好消息。新聞中提到的surveyresult是指“每年因交通事故喪生的人數(shù)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定”(thenumberof…deaths…isstabilizing)，新聞之后提到，鑒于全球機(jī)動(dòng)車輛日益增長(thenumberofmotorvehiclesgrows)，這也是個(gè)好消息，A“機(jī)動(dòng)車輛的日益增長并未引發(fā)更多的交通事故”對(duì)新聞內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概況，為正確選項(xiàng)。

A.Thereisnowaytomakeroadssaferindevelopedcountries.

B.About30percentofdriving-relatedaccidentsarefromdrunkdriving.

C.Allcountriessurveyedhaveimplementedtougherroadsafetylaws.

D.Youngadultsaroundtheworldarefacingseriousdrivingrisks.

√解析：解析：題目問調(diào)查表明了什么。新聞中段提到，全球青少年面臨著最糟糕的駕駛風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(Youngadultsaroundtheworldaretheworstdrivingrisks)，D意為“青少年有嚴(yán)重的駕駛風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，大意與新聞內(nèi)容相同，故為正確選項(xiàng)。

A.Therearenodifferencesbetweenthemandrichones.

B.Theyhavethehighestdeathrateintheworld.

C.Theyhavemorethan60percentofworld'svehicles.

D.Thesafetystatisticsofthemisworsethanrichones.

√解析：解析：題目詢問貧困國家的交通事故情況。關(guān)鍵信息poorcountries出現(xiàn)在新聞結(jié)尾處。新聞提到“這些國家的交通安全狀況在報(bào)告中是最差的”(worstsafetystatistics)，D“他們的交通安全狀況比富裕國家要差”與新聞內(nèi)容相符，故為答案。5.SectionB__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分?jǐn)?shù)：8.00）

A.Consultthemanaboutinvestmentstrategy.

B.Drawalargeamountofmoney.

C.Askthemanforfinancialadvice.

D.Opensomebankaccounts.

√解析：解析：女士一開頭就說明自己是來銀行開賬戶的(I’mthinkingofhavingtwoaccounts)，故選D。

A.Dailyexpenses.

√

B.Bigexpenses.

C.Holidays.

D.Educationfee.解析：解析：女士說活期賬戶里的錢是用于日常消費(fèi)，A的Dailyexpenses是聽力中daytodayexpenditure的同義替換，故選A。

A.HerIDcardandpassport.

B.Herpersonalreferences.

√

C.Hersocialsecuritynumber.

D.Hercoverletter.解析：解析：銀行職員問女士是否帶來了推薦信，言下之意即需要女士提供該資料，故選B。

A.Asalesman.

B.Arealestateagent.

C.Abankclerk.

√

D.Aconsultant.解析：解析：女士說她的兄弟給她寫了推薦信，并提及他也在銀行工作，abankclerk與對(duì)話中worksinabank的意思相同，故選C。（分?jǐn)?shù)：8.00）

A.Ittakesupmuchroom.

√

B.Itwasdeliveredthedaybeforeyesterday.

C.Itwassoldat15%discount.

D.Itisofthesamesizeastheoldone.解析：解析：對(duì)話開頭，男士問女士覺得他的新電視機(jī)怎么樣，女士說電視太大了，幾乎占滿了房間(takesuptheentiresideoftheroom)，A“占用很多空間”，表述與此相符，為本題答案。

A.Itisofgoodquality.

B.Itworkswell.

C.Itisprettyhuge.

D.It'snotfunctioning.

√解析：解析：女士問男士他的舊電視機(jī)出了什么毛病，男士回答：“從上周五開始這臺(tái)舊電視機(jī)就不運(yùn)作了”。D中的notfunctioning是對(duì)話中stoppedworking的同義改寫，故正確。

A.Hethinksit'sagoodbargain.

√

B.Hefindsit'sjustwhatheneeds.

C.Hewilluseitmoreoftenthanbefore.

D.Heconsidersitasasymbolofwealth.解析：解析：男士表示新電視機(jī)是5折購買的，價(jià)格沒有女士想象的高，還有不少新功能，話語里透露出男士覺得這個(gè)電視機(jī)買得很劃算，故選A。

A.Rearrangeitsplace.

B.Returnittothestore.

√

C.Sellittoher.

D.Giveittohisfriend.解析：解析：女士對(duì)該電視機(jī)的看法與男士不同，因此當(dāng)男士詢問是否應(yīng)將新電視機(jī)退掉時(shí)，女士坦白回答說是，故選B。6.SectionC__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分?jǐn)?shù)：8.00）

A.Manycountriesdislikeit.

B.Allcountriesobserveit.

C.ItbeganwiththeAmericans.

D.ItbeganwiththeRomans.

√解析：解析：短文提到，在元月一日慶祝新年的慣例始于羅馬人，故D正確。

A.Toshowhowhappytheywere.

B.Todriveawaytheevilspirits.

√

C.Towarnthethievesandrobbers.

D.Toselltheirdrumsandsticks.解析：解析：短文提到，古時(shí)候人們過新年時(shí)制造喧鬧是為了把妖魔鬼怪從家里驅(qū)走，據(jù)此B正確。

A.Singanddanceinthesquaretillmidnight.

B.Throwpiecesofpotteryagainstfriends'houses.

√

C.Kisseachotherwhentheclockstrikesmidnight

D.Gofromhousetohouseandmakenoises.解析：解析：短文提到，丹麥年輕人慶祝新年時(shí)會(huì)往朋友家的墻上扔陶器，故B正確。

A.Itisthefavoritefoodofyoungpeople.

B.Itisthelastfoodofthepastyear.

C.Itbringsgoodlucktopeople.

√

D.Itisgoodforpeople'shealth.解析：解析：短文提到，午夜過后立即吃black-eyedpeas，作為新年里吃的第一種食物。據(jù)說能給人們帶來好運(yùn)，故C正確。（分?jǐn)?shù)：6.00）

A.Theyarenotallowedtodrinkcoffee.

B.Theythinkcoffeedoesnogoodtothem.

√

C.Theythinkcoffeeistooexpensive.

D.Theyshouldnotdrinkcoffeewhenworking.解析：解析：短文提到，有些人喝咖啡時(shí)會(huì)有負(fù)罪感，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為咖啡對(duì)人沒有半點(diǎn)好處，故B正確。

A.Sleepingproblems.

B.Stomachproblems.

√

C.Bademotions.

D.Highbloodpressure.解析：解析：短文提到，長期過量喝咖啡會(huì)導(dǎo)致胃部和牙齒出現(xiàn)問題。B對(duì)應(yīng)其中一個(gè)負(fù)面影響，故正確。

A.Itimprovesone'sbrainfunction.

B.Itincreasesone'sbloodflow.

C.Itcleansthewaterofthebody'scells.

√

D.Itkeepsoneawayfromdepression.解析：解析：短文提到，咖啡因?qū)θ梭w健康也有幫助，其中一個(gè)幫助在于它可以清潔細(xì)胞里的水分，故C正確。（分?jǐn)?shù)：6.00）

A.Itiscomfortable.

B.Itisbestmade.

C.Itcausesnopollution.

√

D.Itmakeslessnoise.解析：解析：短文提到，電動(dòng)汽車最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于它不會(huì)污染環(huán)境，因此可視為目前最好的替代品，故C正確。

A.Itsbatteryisnotpowerfulenough.

√

B.Itsbatteryisofenormoussize.

C.Itcoststoomuchmoney.

D.Itbreaksdowneasily.解析：解析：短文提到，電動(dòng)汽車一個(gè)大問題在于，相對(duì)于其所能供應(yīng)的電能而言，電池的重量偏高。言外之意是，電池的供電能力不夠強(qiáng)大，故A正確。

A.Improvethebatteriesofelectriccars.

√

B.Increasethenumberofelectriccars.

C.Designanewdeviceforelectriccars.

D.Lookfornewwaystoimprovesafety.解析：解析：短文結(jié)尾處說，汽車工程師們正試圖開發(fā)更強(qiáng)大的電池以提升汽車的行駛里程，從而使電動(dòng)汽車更受消費(fèi)者歡迎，故A正確。三、ReadingComprehension(總題數(shù)：8，分?jǐn)?shù)：60.00)7.PartIIIReadingComprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：8.SectionA__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：BackinthecarefreedaysoftheNoughtiesboom,Britain'syoungstersweresweptalongbythebuy-now-pay-latercultureembracedbyconsumersupanddownthecountry.Duringadecadeofnear-fullemployment,many1quicklyfromonejob—andonecreditcard—toanother,andrainydaysweresuchadistantmemorythatthey2seemedworthsavingfor.Butwiththesupplyofcheapcredit3upandagenerationofschoolanduniversityleaversaboutto4therecession-hitjobmarket,thousandsofyoungpeoplewithnomemoryoftheearly1990srecessionareshockedintothe5thattheworldof2014isverydifferent.KatieOrme,19,wholivesinBirmingham,saysshehasdecidednevertogetacreditcardafterseeingtheproblemsthatherparentsand22-year-oldsisterhavehadwithdebt—justoneofthe6lessonsthatshehashadtolearn.OrmefinishedherA-levelsayearago,andhasbeen7forajob—andlivingathomewithherparents—eversince.Shehashadtosignontosupportherselfandisnowona12-weekinternship(實(shí)習(xí)期)atthePrince'sTrusttoimproveher8.TheTrustsaysthatthenumberofcallsfrom9peoplesuchasOrmehasshotupby50%oversixmonths."It'ssohardtogetajobatthemoment,"shesays,"it'sbettertogoandgetmorequalificationssowhenmorejobsare10youwillbebettersuited."A)anxiousE)floodI)neglectedM)resumeB)availableF)hardlyJ)painfulN)searchingC)dryingG)mostlyK)realizationO)skippedD)dynamicH)mugL)remedy

（分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：O）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：F）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：C）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：E）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：K）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：J）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：N）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：M）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：A）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：B）解析：解析：此處應(yīng)為表語，可以填形容詞或分詞。從空白處前后的內(nèi)容可以推斷空白處應(yīng)意為“可得到的”，因此本題答案為available。10.SectionB__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：Schoolsoutsidecities[A]Withitssandybeaches,charmingruinsandoccasionallybluewaters,theIsleofWightisaperfectspotoffEngland'ssoutherncoast.WealthyLondonerssailtheirboatsthere.Itseemsoddthatsuchaplaceshouldcontainsomeoftheworst-performingschoolsinEngland.Butitdoes:andinthis,theIsleofWightisnotquiteasstrangeasitseems.[B]Provisionalfiguresshowthatlastyearjust49%of16-year-oldsontheislandgotatleastfiveCgrades,includinginEnglishandmaths,inGCSEexams.ThatisfewerthaninanyofLondon's32boroughs(行政區(qū)),orindeedanywhereinthesouthernhalfofEnglandapartfromnearbyPortsmouth.InthepreviousyeartheIsleofWightwassecondtobottominthewholecountry.Just23%ofpupilsentitledtofreeschoolmeals(arepresentativeofpoverty)gotfivedecentgrades,comparedwithanationalaverageof36%.InSeptembertheisland'sschoolsweredeemedsobadthatHampshireCountyCounciltookthemover.[C]Partoftheexplanationisdistinctivelylocal.Luringgoodteacherstoanout-of-the-wayspotishard.In2011theislandenduredaconfusedtransitionfromthesortofthree-tierschoolsystemcommoninAmerica,withprimary,middleandsecondaryschools,tothetwo-tieronethatisstandardinEngland.Butitsresultswerebadevenbeforethatchange.TheIsleofWight'srealproblemsarestructural.Itsuffersfromthreethingsthatmightappeartobeadvantagesbutareactuallytheopposite.Theislandlacksalargecity:ithassome,butnotmany,poorchildren:anditisalmostentirelywhite.[D]England'sworstschoolsusedtobeurban,poorandblack—orsometimesAsian.Butthesedayspupils,includingpoorones,oftenfarebetterininnercitiesthanelsewhere.InTowerHamlets,aneastLondonboroughthatisthethirdmostdeprivedplaceinEngland,childrenentitledtofreeschoolmealsdobetterinGCSEexamsthandoallchildreninthecountryasawhole.Bangladeshis,whoareconcentratedinthatborough,usedtoperformconsiderablyworsethanwhitesnationally:nowtheydobetter.[E]Poorwhitesarenowthecountry'ssignaleducationalunderachievers.Just31%ofwhiteBritishchildrenentitledtofreeschoolmealsgotfivegoodGCSEstwoyearsago,fewerthanpoorchildrenfromanyotherethnicgroup.Theyfareespeciallybadlyinsuburbs,smalltownsandonthecoast—placesliketheIsleofWight.[F]Althoughtheislandcontainspocketsofpoverty,itishardlypoverty-stricken:overallitcomes106thoutof326localauthoritiesinEnglandonthegovernment'sdeprivationindex.Abiggerproblemisapervasivelackoffaithineducationasameansofself-improvement.StephBoyd,whorunsanewfreeschoolontheisland,sayssomeparentsdoubtwhethertheeducationsystemcanhelptheirchildren—notaltogethersurprisinggiventheisland'sfailings.Afewaremoreanxiousfortheiroffspringtogooutandgetjobs.Andnearbycareeroptionsarelimited,pointsoutPatGoodhead,theheadmistressofChristtheKingCollege,theisland'sbestsecondaryschool.ThejobspagesoftheCountyPress,thelocalnewspaper,arefilledwithadvertisementsforcareworkers,barmenandcleaners.Theadvantageofdeeppoverty[G]Oddly,theIsleofWightmightdobetterifitwerepoorer.TrulypoorpartsofEnglandreceivelargeamountsofgovernmentcash.SchoolsinTowerHamletsget￡7,014ayearforeachchild,comparedwith￡4,489intheIsleofWight.Inaddition,secondaryschoolsget￡900foreachpoorchildthankstothe"pupilpremium"introducedbythecoalitiongovernment.Poverty-strickenspotsalsobenefitfromenergetic,idealisticyoungteachers.TeachFirst,aprogrammethatsendstopgraduatesintopoorschoolsforatleasttwoyears,startedinLondonin2002.ThenitexpandedtootherbigcitiessuchasManchester.Lastyearitstartedsendingteacherstosouthcoasttowns,butintinynumbers.Ofthe1,261graduateswhojoinedtheprogrammelastyear,just25wereplacedontheentiresouthcoast,comparedwith553inLondon.[H]Poorchildrendobestinschoolswheretheyareeitherscarceorverynumerous.Wheretheyarefew,teacherscangivethemplentyofattention.Wheretheyarenumerous,asintheEastEndofLondon,schoolshavenochoicebuttofocusonthem.Mostill-servedarethosewhofallinbetween,inschoolswheretheyareinsufficientlynumeroustomeritattentionbuttoomanytosucceedalone.TheIsleofWight'ssixstatesecondaryschoolsareallstuckintheunhappymiddle:between9%and17%ofthechildreninthemareentitledtofreeschoolmeals.[I]Onewoman,whomovedtotheislandfromeastLondonwithheryoungdaughter,suspectsthattheIsleofWight'slackofdiversityisitselfaproblem.Shemayberightaboutthat.IlliteracyamongwhiteBritishchildrencanbeeasiertooverlookthanilliteracyamongimmigrants.Whereschoolsareforcedtohelpthelatter,nativesoftenbenefittoo,saysMatthewCoffeyofOfsted,theschoolsinspectorate.ThatseemstohavehappenedinLincolnshire,whichhasseenasurgeinPortugueseandeastEuropeanimmigration.[J]ThegovernmentandOfstedareincreasinglyworriedaboutthegapinattainmentbetweenpoorwhiteBritonsandtherest.TheDepartmentforEducationreckonschangingthewayschools'successismeasuredcouldhelp.ThecurrentemphasisongradesofCandaboveencouragesteacherstofocusonchildrenontheedgeofattainingthatgrade,attheexpenseofthosewhodoreallybadly.Beginningin2016schoolswillhavetotrackmorecloselytheprogressofeachchild,nomatterwhatgradestheyarepredictedtoget.Thatshouldraiseattentionsofschoolsthathavebeenabletocoastalong,ignoringtheneediest,togivethemmoreattention.ButsuchreformsmaynotmakemuchdifferenceontheIsleofWight.Schoolstherehavestruggledevenagainstthecurrentbenchmark.[K]TheymightlooktoeastLondonforinspiration.ThedramaticimprovementinTowerHamletsresultedpartlyfromeffortstochangelocalculture.Schoolsranprogrammesthroughmosquestotackleabsenteeism(曠課).Parentswereencouragedtobecomegovernors.Butchangewillbeharderoutsidethecapital.TowerHamletsbenefitsfromnearbyCanaryWharf,thecapital'ssecondfinancialdistrict,whichsuppliesgoodjobsandmiddle-classadvisers.Theleversofchangearelessobviouswherepoorchildrenarescatteredthin.Andtherearefewerobviousinstitutionsthroughwhichtotryandimprovethelotofthegodlesswhitemajority.（分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）(1).Changingthewayschools'successismeasuredmayoflittlehelptoimprovetheeducationoftheIsleofWight.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：J）解析：解析：根據(jù)題目的主語Changing…ismeasured可以定位到J段。該段第2句提到教育部認(rèn)為改變衡量學(xué)校成功的方法可能幫助減少白人小孩與其余孩子間的學(xué)識(shí)差距。而該段最后一句用But一詞表轉(zhuǎn)折，表示這樣的改革對(duì)懷特島可能沒有多大作用，其中的notmakemuchdifferenceon…與題目中的oflittlehelp同義，故J段為本題出處。(2).Comparedwiththeilliteracyamongimmigrants,Britishwhiteilliteratesareeasiertobeneglected.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：I）解析：解析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞illiteracy可直接定位到I段。該段第3句指出，英國白人兒童的文盲問題容易被忽略，題目的Comparedwith對(duì)應(yīng)原文的比較級(jí)形式beeasier．．．than，而neglected則與原文的overlook同義，故確定I段為本題出處。(3).Poorchildrencanreceiveenoughattentioneitherinschoolswithlargenumberofpoorstudentsorthosewithfewpoorstudents.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：H）解析：解析：本題關(guān)于貧困生在學(xué)校的受關(guān)注情況，與此內(nèi)容相關(guān)的是G、H段。根據(jù)題目所述可定位至H段。首句提到在貧困生數(shù)量很多或很少的學(xué)校，貧困生的表現(xiàn)都是最好的，第2、3句則具體說明了原因。題目中的receiveenoughattention是對(duì)givethemplenyofattention和havenochoicebuttofocusonthem的總結(jié)，故確定本題的出處是H段。(4).Morethanhalfofthe16-year-oldstudentsontheIsleofWightfailedtogetatleastfiveCgradesinGCSEexamslastyear.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：B）解析：解析：本題講述了懷特島學(xué)生的糟糕成績，是“提出現(xiàn)象”部分，故定位應(yīng)在全文的前幾段。根據(jù)16-year-old、fiveCgrades以及GCSEexams可以定位到B段首句。該句提到有數(shù)據(jù)表明去年懷特島只有49％的16歲學(xué)生能在GCSE考試中得到至少5個(gè)C。本題是正話反說，實(shí)則表達(dá)的語義是一樣，故B段為本題出處。(5).ParentsintheIsleofWightgenerallylackconfidenceintheeducationsystem.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：F）解析：解析：根據(jù)Parents，lackconfidenceintheeducationsystem可定位到F段。該段第2句提到該島一個(gè)更大的問題是普遍缺乏“教育是一種自我提升的方式”的信念。其后通過StephBoyd的話表明家長懷疑教育制度能否幫助他們的孩子。本題綜合了上述內(nèi)容，故F段是本題出處。(6).Poorschoolsinbigcitiesembracemoreyoungenergeticteachersthanthoseschoolsinsouthcoast.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：G）解析：解析：根據(jù)youngenergetic以及southcoast，等信息可定位到G段。該段第5句提到貧困的地方能夠獲得精力充沛、有理想的年輕老師。接著介紹TeachFirst的情況，該段最后一句表示該項(xiàng)目去年加入的畢業(yè)生中，只有25名安排到整個(gè)南海岸地區(qū)，而倫敦則有553名。通過這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)可知，大城市的貧困學(xué)校能夠獲得更多有活力的年輕老師，與題目所述一致。(7).NowadayspoorwhitesaretherepresentativesofBritain'seducationalunderachievers.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：E）解析：解析：根據(jù)信息詞educationalunderachievers可定位到E段。該段描述英國貧窮白人學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)情況。首句的signal與題目中的representatives屬于同義表達(dá)，兩者意思一致，故本題出處在E段。(8).InTowerHamlets,poorchildren'sperformancesinGCSEarebetterthanthoseofanyotherchildreninthewholecountry.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：D）解析：解析：信息詞TowerHamlets在D、G、K三段都有提到，其中D段第3句比較了該地區(qū)貧困兒童與全國所有兒童的GCSE考試成績。原文中childrenentitledtofreeschoolmeals即為題目提到的poorchildren，而題中的performances．．．a(chǎn)rebetterthan．．．對(duì)應(yīng)原文的dobetterin…than．．．，故可確定本題的出處為D段。(9).ChanginglocalcultureisoneofthereasonsthatTowerHamletsobtaingreatprogressinitsschooleducation.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：K）解析：解析：根據(jù)Changinglocalculture以及TowerHamlets可定位到K段。該段第2句表示該區(qū)取得巨大進(jìn)步的部分原因是努力改變了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕⒃诮酉聛韮删渫ㄟ^舉例來說明。題目中的greatprogress對(duì)應(yīng)原文的dramaticimprovement，而oneofthereasons則對(duì)應(yīng)原文的resultedpartlyfrom，故可確定本題出處是K段。(10).Two-tierschoolsystemdidnotexertpositiveinfluenceontheIsleofWight'seducation.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：C）解析：解析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Two-tierschoolsystem可定位到C段。該段第3句表示懷特島在2011年從三級(jí)學(xué)校制度變成二級(jí)學(xué)校制度。接著又在第4句表示其結(jié)果比變化之前還要糟糕。題目的didnotexertpositiveinfluenceon對(duì)應(yīng)該句的resultswerebad，由此可知本題的出處為C段。11.SectionC__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：Byandlarge,marriedpeopleappeartohavebetterhealththantheirsinglepeers.However,ifthemarriageends,thathealthyedgetendstodisappear,withdivorcedandseparatedpeoplereportingoneofthehighestratesofillness.Now,anewstudypublishedintheMayissueoftheJournalofMarriageandFamilyshowsthatco-habitating(同居的)couplesalsoexperienceadecreaseinhealthaftersplittingup."Leavingaco-habitation,likeamarriage,tendstohaveaharmfuleffectonhealth,"saidleadauthorDr.ZhengWuoftheUniversityofVictoriainBritishColumbia,Canada.Wuandhisco-authorRandyHartobtainedtheirresultsfromnationwidesurveysonphysicalandmentalhealthandrelationshipstatus,conductedbyStatisticsCanadaat2-yearintervalsstartinginthe1990s.Therewere9,775participants,aged20to64yearswhenthesurveysbegan.Lookingatthisdata,theresearchersfoundthatbothmenandwomentendtoreportadecreaseinphysicalormentalhealthafterendingeitheraco-habitationoramarriage.Researchershaveproposedtwotheoriestoexplainwhymarriedpeoplereportbetterhealththannon-marriedpeople.Onesupposesthathealthierpeoplearemorelikelytogetmarried,whiletheother,calledthe"marriageprotectionhypothesis",suggeststhatmarriedcouplesimprovetheirhealthbyprovidingeachotherwithsocialandfinancialsupport,andbymonitoringeachother'shealthbehaviors.InaninterviewwithReutersHealth,Wusaidhetriedtounderstandifeitherofthesehypothesesmightexplainthehealthbenefitsofmarriageandco-habitationbyanalyzingtheresultsindifferentways.Theauthorsconcludethat"protectioneffects"mayexplainmuchofwhymarriedorco-habitatingcouplesexperiencehealthgains.Thefindingsalsosuggestthatlivingtogetherandbeingmarriedaresimilarintermsofhealthbenefitsgained."Althoughtherearesomedifferencesbetweenmaritalandnon-maritalunions,ourresearchsuggeststhatintermsofhealthoutcomes,thetwoarequitesimilar,"theywrite."Thefindingthatco-habitationandmarriagesharesimilarhealthconsequenceslendsacceptancetothenotionthatco-habitationhasbecomeaviable(可行的)formoffamilyliving."（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）(1).Whatdowelearnaboutthehealthconditionsofmarried,single,andco-habitatingpeople?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Singlepeopleenjoybetterhealththanmarriedpeople.

B.Co-habitatingpeoplehavebetterhealththansinglepeople.

√

C.Marriedpeopleclaimtohavebetterhealththanco-habitatingpeople.

D.Co-habitingpeopleclaimtohavebetterhealththanmarriedpeople.解析：解析：從第1段首句和第2句末句可以得知作者認(rèn)為結(jié)婚和同居都對(duì)人的健康有正面的影響，單身人士的健康狀況比已婚或同居的人都要差，可見B的比較關(guān)系成立。(2).What'stheeffectofsplittinguponpeople'shealth?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Positive.

B.Negative.

√

C.Notcertain.

D.Noeffect.解析：解析：第1段第3句中的decreaseinhealth及第4句中的harmful均表明夫婦或情侶分手對(duì)健康有負(fù)面影響，故本題答案應(yīng)為B“負(fù)面的”。(3).Whatcanweknowaboutsurveysonphysicalandmentalhealthandrelationshipstatus?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Theycollectednationaldataaboutmarriage.

B.TheyobtainedresultsfromStatisticsCanada.

C.TheyweremadebyWuandhisco-authorRandyHart.

D.Theywereconductedeverytwoyearssince1990s.

√解析：解析：該句中的conducted．．．a(chǎn)t2-yearintervalsinthe1990s與D中的everytwoyearssince1990s語義相同，均表示“該研究從20世紀(jì)90年代開始，每兩年進(jìn)行一次”，故D為本題答案。(4).Whatdoesthe"marriageprotectionhypothesis"referto?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Withmarriagecomessupportthatbenefitsone'shealth.

√

B.Aftermarriagepeoplepaymoreattentiontotheirhealth.

C.Marriedpeopleknowwhattodotokeepgoodhealth.

D.People'shealthbehaviorschangeaftertheirmarriage.解析：解析：該句后半句提到，夫妻兩人通過互相提供社交和經(jīng)濟(jì)支持以及監(jiān)督對(duì)方的健康行為來提高健康水平，對(duì)此歸納得最接近的一項(xiàng)是A“來自婚姻的支持使人更健康”。(5).WhichofthefollowingmayDr.Wumostprobablyagreewith?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Co-habitationshouldbeacceptedasawayoflife.

√

B.One'shealthdependsonthemaritalstatus.

C.Divorceshouldbeavoidedforone'shealthbenefits.

D.Remainingsingleisthebestwaytokeephealthy.解析：解析：全文的最后一句提到，研究表明同居和婚姻有相似的健康功效，且由此促使這樣一種觀念被接受：一同居住已成為一種可行的家庭生活方式，A“一同居住的生活方式應(yīng)被認(rèn)可”與文意相符，為本題答案。Millennials(千禧世代)aretakingtelecommuting(遠(yuǎn)距離工作)toawholenewlevel.Theyviewvirtualforeignworkexperienceashavingequalcareervaluetoatrueoverseasworking,anewreportreveals.Asaresult,manyarepassingupforeignassignmentsthat,inaglobaleconomy,couldhelpthemadvancemorequickly.Internationalexperienceranksdeadlastamong15factorsthatmakeajobattractive,accordingtoMillennialCompass,astudyofwork-lifeattitudesbyMSLGroup.Thiswouldseemtocomeasashocktoanentireindustrythathassprunguptofacilitateoverseasinternships(實(shí)習(xí))andworkexperience,aswellastoglobalcorporationsthatneedbootsonthegroundinmanydifferentcultures.Still,whiletheyoungergenerationofworkersmayprefertheiriPadtoasuitcase,don'tcallthemalienated.Millennialssaytheyaremissingoutonnothing.Theybelievetheyaregaininginternationalexperiencethroughsocialmedia,personalnetworksandtechnology.GrowingupinaworldwheretheInternethaserasedgeographicboundaries,manyyoungworkersareconfidentintheirabilitytorunbusinessinanewway.Asonerespondentputit:"TheplaceIgethunguponistheactual,physicaloverseaspartofit.Insuchaninterconnectedworld,Idon'tnecessarilythinkyouneedtoliterallytravelacrosstheoceantogetoverseasexperience."We'veknownforyearsthatthisgenerationvalueswork-lifebalanceandameaningfuljobexperience,teamwork,andjobmobilityaboverapidadvancement.Irespecttheseprioritiesandyoungworkerswhogetthejobdoneontheirownterms.IalsoaccepttheirabilitytoforgerealbondsandrelationshipsovertheInternet.Butforagroupthatcameofageinaglobaleconomy,itseemsoddthatyoungfolkswoulddismissphysicalmulti-culturalexperiencesoreadily.ThegoodnewsisthatyoungAmericanswillingtotearthemselvesawayfromtheirfamilyandfriendsforafewyearscanstandoutandreapsignificantcareerbenefits.Intime,themillennialgenerationwillbeinchargeandthecompaniestheyrunmaybemoreacceptingofworkerswhoseenodifferencebetweenSkypeandahandshake.Butfornow—notthatMillennialscare—thisstay-in-my-comfort-zoneattitudethreatenstoholdthemback.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）(1).Whydomanymillennialsrefusetoundertakeforeignassignments?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Theycon