完形填空·兼考文體-議論文

完形填空·兼考文體——議論文A(2023·西安模擬)Haveyounoticedwhatadvertisersdowhentheywantyoutoremembertheirmessage?Theymakeyoudosomething__1__：askquestions,feelexcited,imaginepossibilities,laugh...Theyknowthatdrawinga__2__isthebestwaytoswitchyourmemoryon.__3__，lefttoourowndevices,wecan__4__intoamuchmorepassiveapproach.It'salltooeasytospendanhourreadingatextbook__5__anyofitgoingin.AndIcan'tbetheonlypersontohavesatthroughanentirepresentationonlyto__6__thatnotasinglewordhasstuck!Buthere'sthegoodnews:activelearningisaneasy__7__togetinto.Itsimplymeansdecidingthatthematerialinfrontofyouisworth__8__，thendoingsomethingtoputyour__9__towork.Solet'sgiveitatry.Here'safairlydrysetof__10__：thetencountrieswiththemostvehiclesperpersonareSanMarino,Monaco,NewZealand,USA,Iceland,Liechtenstein,Finland,Australia,Brunei,Switzerland.Youcouldjustreada__11__likethisafewtimes,hopingit__12__.Or,youcouldask__13__—likewhythesecountrieshavesomanyvehicles,orwhattheirmostcommonvehiclesmightbe.Youcouldlookforpatterns,__14__placesyou'vevisited,orsaytheminyourheadinexaggerated(夸張的)accents...Haveagoyourself.Engagein__15__，ratherthanjustlookingorlistening.Thencoverthelistandseehow__16__yourmemoryworks.Everydayyouencountermaterialthatwouldbeusefulto__17__.Dosomething—almost__18__—togetlearninggoing.Yourbrain's__19__，butitwon'tdowhatyouwantbymagic.Soinvestsomeenergywhenit__20__，tostartmakingyourmemorywork!語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章通過用廣告商如何讓你記住他們的信息引出話題，討論了用什么方法才能擁有好的記憶力。1．A.inconclusion B．indetailC．inreturn D．inpeace解析：選C根據(jù)“askquestions,feelexcited,imaginepossibilities,laugh...”可知，這些都是廣告商讓我們做出的回應(yīng)來記住他們的廣告。inconclusion“總之”；indetail“詳細(xì)地”；inreturn“作為回應(yīng)”；inpeace“和平地，安靜地”。2．A.distinction B．responseC．conclusion D．comparison解析：選B根據(jù)上文“Theymakeyoudo...laugh...”可知，引起回應(yīng)(response)是記住事情的最好方法。3．A.Unfortunately B．SimilarlyC．Hopefully D．Eventually解析：選A根據(jù)“amuchmorepassiveapproach”可知，此處說明不好的事情，和上文的“best”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。eq\a\vs4\al([謹(jǐn)防最易錯的那一個])本題考查的是與上下文線索提示的邏輯關(guān)系。如果不能理清空處與上文的“bestway”和下文“amuchmorepassiveapproach”之間的邏輯關(guān)系，本題可能會錯選。4．A.pour B．checkC．burst D．slip解析：選D根據(jù)“amuchmorepassiveapproach”可知，此處表示陷入更為被動的方式。slipinto為固定短語，意為“陷入”。5．A.despite B．throughC．without D．beyond解析：選C根據(jù)下文“thatnotasinglewordhasstuck”可知，此處表示花一個小時讀一本課本卻什么都沒讀進(jìn)去。6．A.pretend B．realizeC．promise D．indicate解析：選B根據(jù)“thatnotasinglewordhasstuck”可知，此處表示聽完演講意識到(realize)沒能記住一個詞。7．A.debate B．programC．habit D．balance解析：選C根據(jù)“Buthere'sthegoodnews”和“activelearning”可知，主動學(xué)習(xí)是很容易養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣(habit)。8．A.knowing B．creatingC．presenting D．removing解析：選A根據(jù)“thematerialinfrontofyou”可知，首先要確定你面前的材料是值得了解(knowing)的。9．A.strength B．imaginationC．passion D．memory解析：選D根據(jù)上文“Theyknowthatdrawinga______isthebestwaytoswitchyourmemoryon.”可知，此處是信息詞memory的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。10．A.criteria B．dataC．tools D．features解析：選B根據(jù)“thetencountrieswiththemostvehiclesperperson”可知，對于人均車輛最多的十個國家的記憶是枯燥的數(shù)據(jù)(data)。11．A.guide B．titleC．review D．list解析：選D根據(jù)下文“Thencoverthelist”可知，此處是信息詞list的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。12．A.sticks B．freezesC．a(chǎn)dapts D．fades解析：選A根據(jù)上文“thatnotasinglewordhasstuck”可知，此處是信息詞stick的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，表示希望它能被記住。13．A.permission B．directionsC．a(chǎn)dvice D．questions解析：選D根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikewhythesecountrieshavesomanyvehicles,orwhattheirmostcommonvehiclesmightbe”可知，此處表示問一些問題(questions)。14．A.support B．noticeC．a(chǎn)void D．switch解析：選B根據(jù)“l(fā)ookforpatterns”和“saytheminyourheadinexaggerated(夸張的)accents...”可知，這里是通過留意(notice)去過的地方來增強記憶力。15．A.approving B．recordingC．processing D．breathing解析：選C根據(jù)上文“Youcouldlookforpatterns,______placesyou'vevisited,orsaytheminyourheadinexaggerated(夸張的)accents...”可知，我們要用心來加工處理(processing)這些信息，以便記住它們。16．A.often B．lateC．long D．well解析：選D根據(jù)“Thencoverthelist”可知，通過覆蓋列表檢驗自己記憶力是否工作很好(well)。17．A.identify B．rememberC．share D．evaluate解析：選B每天都會遇到需要記住(remember)的有用的材料。18．A.anything B．nothingC．everybody D．somebody解析：選A根據(jù)“almost”可知，我們可以做幾乎任何事情(anything)來進(jìn)行記憶。19．A.amusing B．tiredC．a(chǎn)mazing D．relaxed解析：選C根據(jù)“butitwon'tdowhatyouwantbymagic”可知，大腦是神奇的(amazing)。20．A.matters B．variesC．ends D．survives解析：選A根據(jù)“Yourbrain's...magic.”可知，大腦很神奇，但是不會用魔法，因此需要我們在重要(matters)的時候投入一些精力，讓記憶力發(fā)揮作用。加練區(qū)eq\b\lc\|\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(讀寫結(jié)合促寫作))1．(文中佳句)Theyknowthatdrawingaresponseisthebestwaytoswitchyourmemoryon.(學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo))that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(句子仿寫)I_learned_that_there_are_really_some_peoplebornwithakindhearttohelpothers.我了解到，真的有一些人天生就有一顆善良的心去幫助別人。2．(文中佳句)It'salltooeasytospendanhourreadingatextbookwithoutanyofitgoingin.(學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo))too...todosth.(句子仿寫)Heseemedtobe_too_nervous_to_speakaword.他似乎太緊張以至于說不出話來。3．(文中佳句)．..itwon'tdowhatyouwantbymagic.(學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo))what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(句子仿寫)Fromthenon,Tomlearnedwhat_true_courage_was.從此，湯姆懂得了什么是真正的勇氣。B(2023·延安二模)Wintergoesandspringcomes.Thetides__1__；thetideswithdraw.AllnatureisacircleofmoodsandIama__2__ofnature.Itisoneofnature's__3__，littleunderstood,thateachdayI__4__withmoodsthathavechangedfromyesterday.Insidemeisawheel,__5__turning.Liketheflowers,today'sfullblossomwill__6__，yetIwillremembertoday'sdeadflowercarriestheseedoftomorrow'sblossom.AndhowwillImastertheseemotionssothateachdaywillbe__7__？Treesandplantsdependontheweatherto__8__，butImakemyownweather.I__9__itwithme.IfIbringenthusiasmtomycustomers,theywill__10__withenthusiasmandmyweatherwillproduceaharvestofsalesandalotofgoldforme.Iwilllearnthissecret:weakishewhopermitshisthoughtstocontrolhisactions;strongishewho__11__hisactionstocontrolhisthoughts.EachdayIwillfollowthisplanofbattlebeforeIam__12__bytheforcesofsadness,__13__andfailure.Iwillknowonlythosewithinferiorabilitycanalwaysbe__14__，andIamnotinferior.IfIfeeldepressedIwillsing.IfIfeel__15__Iwillremembermygoals.Yet,someemotionsapproachmewithasmile,whichcanalsodestroyme.IfIbecomeoverlyproud,Iwillremembermyweaknesses.IfIfeelmyskillis__16__，Iwilllookatthestars.WiththisnewknowledgeIwillmake__17__ofaperson'sangeroftoday,forhedoesn'tknowthesecretofcontrollinghismind.NolongerwillIjudgeamanonone__18__.Thissecretwillbemykeytogreatwealth.FromthismomentIam__19__tocontrolwhateverpersonalityawakesinmeeachday.Iwillcontrolmyfate,whichistobecomethegreatest__20__intheworld!語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章作者認(rèn)為冬去春來，潮起潮落。自然界萬物都在循環(huán)往復(fù)的變化中，而我們只有學(xué)會控制自己的情緒，才能讓自己的一生有所成效。1．A.advance B．disappearC．exist D．fall解析：選A根據(jù)上文“Wintergoesandspringcomes.”中的“goes”和“comes”可知，空處和下文動詞“withdraw”相反，指的是浪潮前行(advance)。2．A.native B．colleagueC．supporter D．part解析：選D根據(jù)常識推測，每個人都是天地萬物的一部分(part)。3．A.jokes B．secretsC．experiences D．a(chǎn)wards解析：選B根據(jù)上文“Wintergoes...nature.”可知，這是自然發(fā)展的秘密(secrets)之一，沒有人知道原因。4．A.breakin B．wakeupC．takeoff D．giveout解析：選B根據(jù)最后一段“Fromthismoment...meeachday.”可知，作者指的是每天早上醒來時，心情都會不一樣。breakin“破門而入”；wakeup“醒來”；takeoff“脫下，起飛”；giveout“分發(fā)”。5．A.constantly B．temporarilyC．casually D．elegantly解析：選A根據(jù)上文“Insidemeisawheel”可知，作者指的是內(nèi)心有個輪子，在不停地(constantly)轉(zhuǎn)動。6．A.appear B．blowC．fade D．spread解析：選C根據(jù)下文“Iwillremember...blossom”可知，作者認(rèn)為今日枯萎的花朵蘊藏著明天新生種子，所以空處指的是盛放終會凋謝(fade)。7．A.anxious B．naturalC．a(chǎn)dditional D．productive解析：選D根據(jù)下文“IfIbringenthusiasm...forme.”以及本段內(nèi)容可知，作者希望控制自己的情緒從而讓自己的生活富有成效(productive)。8．A.sow B．growC．separate D．shelter解析：選B根據(jù)空前“Treesandplantsdependontheweather”并結(jié)合常識可知，花草樹木是依靠天氣而生長(grow)。9．A.fold B．followC．carry D．load解析：選C根據(jù)上文“Imakemyownweather”可知，作者覺得花草樹木依靠天氣而生長，所以作者要創(chuàng)造自己的天氣。作者所謂的天氣就是讓自己的一天有成效。由此判斷，作者是要掌控自己的情緒，也就是要攜帶(carry)自己的天氣。本題考查對語境意義的理解。如果考生無法理解句子的意義，本題可能會被錯選。作者用天氣來比喻自己的心情，作者要掌控自己的情緒，就要承載自己的天氣。故用carry。本題易誤選load，load指裝載時，意為把物品裝上車、船等。eq\a\vs4\al([謹(jǐn)防最易錯的那一個])10．A.react B．reviewC．recite D．repeat解析：選A根據(jù)上文“IfIbringenthusiasmtomycustomers”可知，如果作者給顧客帶去熱情，那么也會得到熱情的回應(yīng)(react)。11．A.obtains B．regardsC．a(chǎn)llows D．observes解析：選C根據(jù)上文“weakishewho...actions”可知，空處單詞和“permit”意思相近。allow意為“允許，讓”，符合文意。12．A.chosen B．seizedC．received D．witnessed解析：選B根據(jù)上文“EachdayIwillfollowthisplanofbattle”可知，作者每天都在與消極情緒作斗爭，所以空處指的是在作者被消極情緒所掌控(seized)前。13．A.self-awareness B．self-controlC．self-esteem D．self-pity解析：選D根據(jù)空前的“sadness”以及空后的“failure”可知，空處是表示消極情緒的名詞。14．A.behindthescene B．onthebottomlineC．a(chǎn)ttheendoftherope D．outofsight解析：選C根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者不希望自己被消極情緒擊敗，渴望自己成功，由此判斷，作者認(rèn)為只有低能者才會束手無策。behindthescene“幕后”；onthebottomline“底線”；attheendoftherope“束手無策”；outofsight“看不見”。15．A.insignificant B．improperC．impolite D．unconscious解析：選A根據(jù)上文“IfIfeeldepressedIwillsing.”可知，面對挫折，作者會努力保持積極樂觀的態(tài)度。由此判斷，作者在覺得自己渺小的(insignificant)時候會記住自己的目標(biāo)。16．A.concrete B．inadequateC．a(chǎn)bstract D．unmatched解析：選D根據(jù)下文“Iwilllookatthestars.”可知，作者會仰望星空。根據(jù)上文“IfIbecomeoverlyproud,Iwillremembermyweaknesses.”可知，作者在驕傲的時候會記住自己有弱點。由此判斷，作者仰望天空是怕自己太過自滿，所以空處指的是當(dāng)作者覺得自己的技能無與倫比(unmatched)時，他會仰望星空提