新概念第二冊(cè)第39課課件

Lesson39AmIAllRight?1warmingupTellmeaboutyourself.1.Haveyoueverfeltsickandbeentohospital?2.Whenwasthelasttimeyouwenttohospital?3.Whatwasyourfeelingthefirsttimeyouseethedoctor?4.Doyouhaveyourfavouritedoctor?23Nowadays,weconnotlivewithouthospital.Itisthedoctorsthatsavethepatients'life.Butsometimeswemayhavediffcultiesincommunicatingwiththem.Theyhavetheirsocalledsecrets.Nowlistentothestoryandanswerthefollowingquestion:WhydidMr.GilberttelephoneDr.Millington?4Letusdiscuss~

Dodoctorshavegoodreasonsnotalwaystoinformtheirpatientsabouttheirconditions?Oneappropriateanswer:doctorsdonotwanttheirpatientstoworrytoomuchHeaskedtoomanyquestionsandwasapaininaneck(惹麻煩的人)Lookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.5

Touchthepartsofyourbody.GAMETIME6headhandarmfingerkneefootneckshoulderstomachwrist手腕waist腰toe腳趾elbow肘legback7What’sthematter?(withyou)?(withyourbody?)What’swrongwithyou?Areyouallright?Doyoufeelwell?Areyoufeelingwell?Isthereanythingwrong?Howdoyoufeel?somethingOKwith…?What’sthetrouble?89What’sthematter?acold.afever.asoreback.asorethroat.Ihave10What’sthematter?headachestomachachetoothache11haveacoldhaveafeverhavea

headache

toothache

stomachachehavea

sore

backhaveasoreneckhavea

sore

throat--What’sthematterwithyou?--Ihaveacold.12dialogueB:Ihaveasorethroat.A:What’sthematter?D:Ihaveatoothache.C:Ihaveaheadache.F:Ihavearunningnose.E:Ihaveastomachache.

A:Youshoulddrinkhotteawithhoney..A:YoushouldgotobedandhavearestA:Youshouldgotoseeadentist.A:Youshouldliedownandrest.A:Youshoulddrinklotsofwaterandhavesomemedicine.cold.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.13HeishavinganX-rayexam.What’stheboydoing?Why?When?Howoften?HetakesanX-raywhenheisill.Whenhedoesn’tfeelwell.Heisbadlyill.Hehaspainsinhischest.Whatapity!141516operationn.1.[外科]手術(shù)2.操作，作業(yè)3.經(jīng)營(yíng)，管理；營(yíng)業(yè)；企業(yè)phrases:inoperation生效；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著normaloperation正常運(yùn)行，常規(guī)操作operationprinciple經(jīng)營(yíng)理念safeoperation安全操作1718successfuln.成功的，一帆風(fēng)順的Phrases:successfulin在…成功的others:successn.成功succeedv.成功successionn.連續(xù)；繼位；繼承權(quán)successorn.繼承者Nordoeshehaveanobvioussuccessorasleader.目前也沒(méi)有明顯的繼任者可以接替他的職務(wù)。19followingadj.下面的；其次的，接著的n.下列事物；一批追隨者v.跟隨；沿行（follow的ing形式）prep.在…之后，接著phrases:inthefollowing在下面；在下文中immediatelyfollowing緊跟著followingsystem跟蹤系統(tǒng)followinginorder循序20patientadj.1.忍耐的；容忍的2.堅(jiān)忍的；耐心的3.沉著的；不急躁的4.耐心等待的；顯出有耐心的5.勤快的；孜孜不倦的n.1.病人；患者2.受動(dòng)著；承受者Whatisbestgiftadoctorcangivetohispatient?一個(gè)醫(yī)生能給他病人的最好禮物是什么？21phrases:patientof能忍受patientwith對(duì)……有耐心patientcare病患照顧patientsafety病人安全mentalpatient精神病人Asanurse,yououghttobeverypatientwithyourpatients.作為一名護(hù)士，你應(yīng)該對(duì)病人十分耐心。22aloneadj.1.孤零的，孤單的2.單獨(dú)的；孤獨(dú)的adv.1.孤零地，孤單地，孤獨(dú)地2.單獨(dú)地3.獨(dú)自地；孤立無(wú)援地4.只，只有；僅僅Phrases:letalone更不必說(shuō)；聽(tīng)任；不打擾standalone孤立；獨(dú)一無(wú)二alonewith與…一起Leavemealone.我煩著呢,別理我23exchange1.把…換成；用…交換；兌換(for)

I'dliketoexchangethisdressforoneinasmallersize2.換回，換來(lái)，換取3.交換，互換，輪換(with)：24phrases:inquireinto調(diào)查，探究inquireabout詢(xún)問(wèn)，查問(wèn)；打聽(tīng)inquireof詢(xún)問(wèn)；打聽(tīng)inquirefor求見(jiàn)；要找inquireafter問(wèn)候；詢(xún)問(wèn)起inquire①vt.&vi.打聽(tīng)，詢(xún)問(wèn)inquiresth.ofsb.從某人那打聽(tīng)insquireaboutsth.打聽(tīng)某事②vi.調(diào)查，查問(wèn)Hedidn’ttellthetruthwhenthepoliceinquiredintotheaccident.③vi.求見(jiàn)（某人），要找（某人）Sheinquiredforthemanager.25I'dliketoinquireaboutthejobforsalesmanager.我想詢(xún)問(wèn)一下銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理這個(gè)職位的情況。It'sthesecretary'sjobtoinquireabouttheflightsforthemanager.為經(jīng)理查詢(xún)有關(guān)航班的情況是秘書(shū)的職責(zé)。26certainadj.1.確鑿的，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的2.確定的；固定的3.必定的，必然的4.可靠的，可信賴(lài)的pron.某些；某幾個(gè)Phrases:acertainextent一定程度上acertaindegree到某種程度f(wàn)orcertain肯定地；確鑿地certainlevel某一水平27certain某一個(gè)acertain+n.（單數(shù)）

acertainpatient=somepatient某個(gè)病人某兩個(gè)twocertain+n.(復(fù)數(shù))two

certainpatientssome+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)表示某個(gè)forsomereason由于某個(gè)理由forcertain肯定地；確鑿地28291.Some（connectedwithouta/an)eg：

Somepersoncalledonyouwhenyouwereout.(你出去時(shí)有個(gè)人來(lái)拜訪(fǎng)你)。2.Certain（connectedwitha/an)eg：Acertainpersontelephonedyouwhileyouwereout.(你出去時(shí)有個(gè)人給你打過(guò)電話(huà))。3單數(shù)普通名詞some=acertain專(zhuān)有名詞前通常用acertain,不用some.someandcertain301.他這么做一定有某種理由Theremustbesome/acertainreasonforwhathe’sdone.2.由于某些原因我不能參加此次會(huì)議Forcertainsome/acertainI’llbeunabletoattendthemeeting.3.他過(guò)去在廣州某個(gè)地方工作Heusedtoworkatsome/acertainplaceinGuangzhou.4.some與or/orother連用，表示未知的對(duì)象她在某個(gè)報(bào)紙上獲過(guò)獎(jiǎng)Shewonacompetitioninsomenewspaperorother.5.有個(gè)叫史密斯的人正在門(mén)口正等著你AcertainSmithiswaitingatthegate.exerciserelativeadj.1.相互有關(guān)的；休戚與共的2.與…有關(guān)的；相關(guān)的3.比較而言的4.相對(duì)的Evenitssuccessesareonlyrelative.即使成功也只是相對(duì)的。Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.這是我送給家鄉(xiāng)一位親戚的禮物。31relativen.親戚Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.adj.與…有關(guān)的；相關(guān)的Happylifeisn'tralativetomoney.32WhileJohnGilbertwasinhospital,heaskedhisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctorrefusedtodoso.Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Whenhewasalone,hetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredthephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.HeaskedifMr.John’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.ThenDr.Millingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthepatient.‘No,’thepatientanswered,‘IamMr.JohnGilbert.’3334353637383940

Havemyoperationbeen

__________________?

successful

成功Heaskedthedoctortotellhimsuccesssuccessfully

succeed

whether

hisoperationhadbeen

successful

beinhospitalopetatepatientJohnGilbert41Thedoctorrefusetodoso.

Iamsorry.Ican’ttellyouaboutthat.1.refusetodosth.2.refuse反義詞accept42Heaskedforabedsidetelephone.abedsidetelephoneaskforThefollowingdaybealonelonely獨(dú)自的孤獨(dú)的；偏僻的alonelyislandHehasnofriends,sohefeellonely.43442023/11/2845telephonecallsbcallsbupasksbtodosth.MayIspeaktodoctorMillington?askforThehospitalexchangeasksbtonotdosth.46I’minquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.John.inquire詢(xún)問(wèn)；打聽(tīng)Whatdidhesay?he

_______inquiringaboutacertainpatient.Hesaidwas‘HasMrGilbet’soperationbeensuccessful?’Whatdidheask?Heasked_________Mr.Gilbet’soperation______successful.if/whetherhadbeen47Whatdidthedoctortellhim？‘Yes,Ithasbeensucceessful’ithadbeensuccessful.Hetoldhim___________________Whenwillheallowedtogohome?Whatdidheask?Heasked_____whenhe_____beallowedtogohomewould48Hewillhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.Thedoctortoldhim______he_____________stayinhospitalforanothertwodays.Whatdidthedoctortellhim?Areyouarelativeofthepatient?WhatdidtheDr.Millingtonask?Heasked___he____arelativeofthepatient.thatwouldhavetowasifNo.IamMr.JohnGilbert.Whatdidthepatientsayatlast?49Fillintheblanks

JohnGilbertwasinhospital.Hehadjusthadano________andhewantedthedoctortotellhimwhethertheoperationhadbeensuccessful.Thedoctor,however,r______totellhimanything.Thef______day,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Oneday,whenhewasa______,hecalledthehospitale________andaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredhisphone,johnsaidthathewasi__________aboutacertainpatientnamedJohnGilbert.perationefusedollowinglonexchange

nquiring50HeaskedthedoctorifMr.Gilbert’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctoransweredyes.HercontinuedtoaskifMr.Gilbertwouldbea_______togohomeandthedoctorsaidthathewouldhavetos_______inhospitalfora_______twoweeks.Thenjohntoldthedoctorthati________ofbeingar_______ofhis,hewasMr.Gilberthimself.llowedtaynothernsteadelative51直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)525354555657585960611、人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)變

1）直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱(chēng)一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱(chēng)如：Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話(huà)是針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱(chēng)如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.623）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話(huà)是針對(duì)第三人稱(chēng)說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱(chēng)。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.4）人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”63——>HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.總之，人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對(duì)待，要符合邏輯。

2、時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句（即間接引語(yǔ)部分）的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化，變成過(guò)去時(shí)范疇的各種時(shí)態(tài)（實(shí)際也是賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要求），變化如下：

64

直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

653、直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)須改變的情況1）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.2）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)部分帶有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)66如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein1994.

4）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有以when,while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí)，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.5）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，67如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

6）當(dāng)引語(yǔ)是諺語(yǔ)、格言時(shí)，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時(shí)

68如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此處用hadto代替must更好8）此外轉(zhuǎn)述中的變化要因?qū)嶋H情況而定，不能機(jī)械照搬，如果當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必改為there,動(dòng)詞come不必改為go，如果當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述yesterday,tomorrow,thisafternoon等均不必改變。4、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)及某些對(duì)比性的指示代詞和動(dòng)詞變化

691）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)（間接引語(yǔ)）

now（then）；

today(thatday）；

tomorrow（thenext/followingday）

nextweek（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代詞：these變成those

703）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：here變成there

Shesaid,“Iwon'tcomehereanymore.”——>Shesaidthatshewouldn’tgothereanymore.

4）動(dòng)詞：come變成go，bring變成take5、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語(yǔ)中常省略。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可直用接引語(yǔ)中的said,也可用told來(lái)代替，注意，可以說(shuō)saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說(shuō)toldthat,

71如：Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”——>HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”——>HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.（不可說(shuō)toldthat）2）直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句，（也稱(chēng)是否疑問(wèn)句，）間接引語(yǔ)用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said要改為asked（me/him/us等），語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序，這一點(diǎn)非常重要。72如：

Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”——>Heasked（me）whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.

3）直接引語(yǔ)為選擇疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用whether…or…表達(dá)，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.734）直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句，改成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞作為間接引語(yǔ)的連詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用ask（sb.）來(lái)表達(dá)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.

5）直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句時(shí)，改為間接引語(yǔ)，用帶to的不定式表達(dá)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo，（由肯定祈使句變成）asksb.nottodo（由否定祈使句轉(zhuǎn)變），并且在不定式短語(yǔ)中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)74狀語(yǔ)、人稱(chēng)及時(shí)態(tài)都作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”——>Heaskedustobeseated.6）有些含有“建議”——>、“勸告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)述，如：Hesaid,“Let'shavearest.”——>Hesuggestedourhavingarest7）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)形式上是疑問(wèn)句，有表示請(qǐng)求，建議意義時(shí)，可用asksb.todosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式轉(zhuǎn)述。75如：“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.——>Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.

8）直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)，變間接引語(yǔ)可用what或how引導(dǎo)，也可用that引導(dǎo)，如：Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”——>Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.

或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.76Keystructures:hewasverytired.Hesaid_______________________Sheasked______________________1.‘Iamverytired,’hesaid.

2.‘Areyouhungry?’Sheaskedwhyshehadn’twrittentohim.if3.‘WillJackarrivetomorrow?’Tomasked.werehungryyouHarryaskedthegirl_______________________5.‘Whydidn’tyouwritetome?’Harryaskedthegirl.ifshehadeverbeenabroad.Kobeasked____________________________4.‘Haveyoueverbeenabroad?’KobeaskedMaryif/whetherJackwouldarrivetomorrow.Tomasked______________________77EXCERSICE1、Sheaskedme_____mymotherlikedtheblueone.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where2、Hesaidthathe______agoodjourney.A.hasB.