【資料2】英語題型技巧-語法填空

語法填空解題技巧語法填空解題技巧猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第1頁共21頁目錄一、語法填空介紹 2（一）語法填空題型 2有提示詞 2無提示詞 2（二）題目要求的變化 3（三）各卷考點對比 4二、考點分析 5（一）動詞時態(tài) 5動詞時態(tài)回顧 6主動or被動 6單數or復數 7（二）非謂語 7非謂語基本形式 8非謂語解題要點邏輯主語 9非謂語動詞解題必備 10（三）從句 14關系一：句子—完整句子（狀語從句/并列句） 15關系二：名詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（定語從句） 17關系三：動詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（名詞性從句） 20一、語法填空介紹（一）語法填空題型有提示詞（將所給提示詞進行變換）提示詞包括：動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞。例題：動詞：(2014全國卷I)Ittookyearsofwork (reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthe名詞廣東卷)"Thatwouldbeavery (reason)thingtodoinabigbutitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours,"Nicksaid.形容詞全國卷I)Theriverwassopollutedthatit (actual)caughtfireandburned.代詞：(2015全國卷I)Afewhoursearlier,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with (it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.無提示詞（根據上下文填寫合適的詞題型示例(2015全國卷I)ItwasraininglightlywhenI (arrive)injustbeforedawn.(2015廣東卷)Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket 無詞?？歼B接詞、介詞、冠詞。

peoplefromthetownmetregularly.無詞例題連接詞：ThefirstparkingspaceIfoundwasconvenient,butI'dnoticedawomaninabluecarcirclingforawhile,becauseIwasinagoodmood,Iletherhaveit.猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第3頁共21頁介詞：Theyoungmanwenthomewithahappyheart.冠詞：Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.總結：語法填空考點（二）題目要求的變化2014（32015（1）2016（1）結論：有提示詞：填幾個詞都可能。無提示詞：填一個詞。（三）各卷考點對比（三）各卷考點對比猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第4頁共21頁全國卷&廣東卷&上海卷高頻考點共同點動詞（非謂語&謂語）形容詞句子關系固定搭配各地方卷·動詞時態(tài)對比全國卷廣東卷上海卷考過的時態(tài)一般過去時一般現在時一般過去時過去進行時一般過去時現在完成時/現在進行時各地方卷·句子關系對比各地方卷·句子關系對比猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第5頁共21頁全國卷廣東卷上海卷主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句定語從句狀語從句倒裝句三大必備技能謂語動詞正確變換；非謂語動詞的正確形式；連詞與引導詞的選擇。（一）動詞時態(tài)時態(tài)是語法填空核心考點，一般有提示詞（動詞。1.動詞時態(tài)回顧1.動詞時態(tài)回顧猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第6頁共21頁一般時進行時完成時完成進行時現在一般現在時do/does現在進行時am/is/aredoing現在完成時have/hasdone現在完成進行時have/hasbeendoing過去一般過去時did過去進行時was/weredoing過去完成時haddone過去完成進行時hadbeendoing將來一般將來時willdo將來進行時willbedoing將來完成時willhavedone將來完成進行時willhavebeendoing過去將來一般過去將來時woulddo過去將來進行時wouldbedoingwas/goingtodo過去將來完成時wouldhavedone行時wouldhavedoing主動or被動or承受者。主動or？主動被動一般時dobedone進行時bedoingbebeingdone完成時havedonehavebeendone被動常考被動?？荚齿o導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第7頁共21頁主動被動一般現在do/doesam/is/aredone一般過去didwas/weredone現在進行am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone過去進行was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone現在完成have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone過去完成haddonehadbeendone單數or復數？判斷主語的單復數。（二）非謂語1.非謂語基本形式1.非謂語基本形式猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第8頁共21頁①形式對應術語done過去分詞doing動名詞現在分詞todo不定式②動名詞與現在分詞Hanslikessleeping.動名詞，表示睡覺這件事Hansissleeping.現在分詞，表示正在睡覺③非謂語動詞分別什么意思？done被動、完成doing主動、進行todo將來、目的④非謂語你只需要記住這張表格在謂語動作前發(fā)生（同時）現在將來（完成）過去主動havingdonedoingtodo被動havingbeendonebeingdonetobedonedone⑤對比：時態(tài)的主被動⑤對比：時態(tài)的主被動猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第9頁共21頁主動被動一般時dobedone進行時bedoingbebeingdone完成時havedonehavebeendone2.非謂語解題要點邏輯主語①主語與邏輯主語：例子：?Peoplefeedpigs. people是feed的主語。Isawsomepeoplefeedingpigs. peoplefeeding的邏輯主語。②動詞與邏輯主語的關系：todo:將來（主動）doing:主謂（主動）done:動賓（被動例句："Whatareyoudoingcriedthe_running_(runquicklyforwardtohispictures.邏輯主語：painter；關系：主謂（thepainterruns）avoid(avoid)suchtroubles,weshouldcomparesimilaritemsondifferentonlinestoresandpaymoreattentiontowhatothercustomers邏輯主語：we；關系：將來（wewillavoid）Children,when_accompanied_(accompany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.邏輯主語：children；關系：動賓（accompanychildren）3.非謂語動詞解題必備3.非謂語動詞解題必備猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第10頁共21頁①動名詞作主語2015高考 (ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.2014高考 (understand)yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第PAGE猿輔導高中英語輔導組出品第11頁共21頁②非謂語動詞作賓語介詞賓語：doing2014IIOnemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout (be)lateschool.動詞賓語：todo/doing2014IIIheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothebutherefused (stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.2014遼寧Keep (hold)yourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthandflexibility.非謂語動詞作賓語只接不定式作賓語的情況：四個希望三答應（hope,wish,expect,long,agree,promise,undertake）四個想要巧安排（intend,plan,want,desire,arrange）設法學會做決定（manage,learn,decide,determine）企圖假裝要選擇（attempt,pretend,choose）提供要求別拒絕（offer,demand,refuse）威脅準備不失敗（threaten,prepare,fail）只接動名詞作賓語的情況：避免錯過少延期(avoid,miss,postpone)喜歡想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,can’thelp)逃避冒險莫原諒(escape,risk,excuse)建議完成多練習(advise,finish,practice)承認否定與嫉妒(admitenvy)(standkeepmind)大。下列動詞可用動名詞，也可用不定式作賓語forgettodo…忘記要做某事forgetdoing…忘記做了某事remembertodo…記住要做某事rememberdoing…記著做了某事meantodo…打算要做某事meandoing…意味著做某事regrettodo…對要做的事表示遺憾regretdoing…對做過的事后悔can’thelptodo…不能幫助做某事can’thelpdoing…情不自禁做某事trytodo…盡力去做某事trydoing試著做某事learntodo…學著去做某事learndoing…學會做某事stoptodo…停下來去做（另一件事）stopdoing…停止做某事goontodo…接著做（另外一件事）goondoing…繼續(xù)做某事usedtodo…過去做某事beusedtodoing…習慣做某事③特殊情況It…todoItishisjobtosleeponallkindsofbeds.It:形式主語，tosleeponallkindsofbeds真實主語。It作形式主語2014IIttookyearsofwork (reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthe形式主語：It，真實主語：toreducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater。譯：減少工業(yè)污染，凈化水資源，需要花費數年的努力。It’snecessaryfortheyoung (master)twoforeignlanguages.形式主語：It，真實主語：tomastertwoforeignlanguages。譯：對年輕人來說，掌握兩種外語是必要的。It…(forsb.)todoit形式賓語Thisproblemisdifficult.譯：這道題很難。Ifinditdifficulttosolvethisproblem.譯：我覺得去解這道題很難。Itiseasyforyoutostartsmoking,butonceyoubecomeaddictedtoit,youmayfindithardforyou (quit)it.譯：對你來說開始抽煙很容易，但一旦你上癮了，你會覺得戒煙很難。ing&ed令人感到興趣interestinginterested興奮excitingexcited驚奇surprisingsurprised驚奇astonishingastonished震驚shockingshocked驚喜amazingamazed無聊boringbored尷尬embarrassingembarrassed失望disappointingdisappointed害怕frighteningfrightened（三）從句語法填空只考三大關系（狀語從句/并列句。關系二：名詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（定語從句。關系三：動詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（名詞性從句*怎么定義完整？（狀語從句/并列句）IwasgladtomeetJennyagain,butIdidn’twanttospendalldaywith連詞：連接兩個句子IwasgladtomeetJennyagain.Ididn’twanttospendalldaywith副詞：不能連接兩個句子①并列連詞：and,but,so,orTheydidn’tcatchthebus,sotheyhadtostayinahotelforthenight.Excusemeforbreakingin,butIhavesomeimportantnewsforyou.Putonyourovercoat,oryouwillcatchcold.②邏輯關系副詞：表轉折：however,nevertheless表遞進：besides,moreover,furthermore,also表結果：thereforeRickwasverysuccessful.However,thelastfewyearsofhislifewerenothappyones.Heworkeddayandnight.Therefore,hewasabletobuythesportscar.Sheseemedtohavenodesiretogothere;Besides/moreover,herclotheswerenotgoodenough.③梳理狀語從句時間狀從連接詞：When,while,as,after,before,since,eversince,till,until,assoonas,everytime,once,eachtime,nexttime,themoment,bythetime,directly,immediately,instantly,thefirsttime,hardly…when,sosooner…than…….注意！時間狀語：when,&while區(qū)別1：when從句動詞延續(xù)/非延續(xù)性動詞，while從句動詞必須延續(xù)性。Whenshecamein,Istoppedeating.Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.區(qū)別2：while還可以表示對比/轉折Ilikeplayingtennis,whileSuzylikesswimming.Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblem,whiletheythemselvescouldn’t.地點狀從連接詞：whereWemustcampwherewecangetwater.原因狀從連接詞：Becauseassince/nowthat…inthat….Asitwasraininghard,wehadtobeindoors.目的狀從連接詞：inorderthat/sothatforfearthat/incase目的狀從與非謂語的轉換Theywrotetothebossinorderthattheycouldimprovetheirworkingconditions.Theywrotetothebosstoimprovetheirworkingconditions.結果狀從連接詞：Sothatso…that/such…that條件狀從1條件狀從 真實/非真實條件句2連接詞：unless,onconditionthatsupposing,provided/providedthat讓步狀從連接詞：Though/although/evenif/eventhoughas、while（多用于句首）(2014全國卷IWhilethereareamazingstoriesofinstanttransformationformostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedJustbepatient.比較狀從as…as你的房間和我一樣大。roomisaslargeasmine.比較級比較Themore……,themore……書讀得越多，我們知道的就越多。Themorebooksweread,themoreweknow.方式狀從連接詞：asif/thoughasWemustdoastheteachertellsustodo.Leavethethingsastheyare.Theyignoredthesefactsasiftheyneverexisted.④關于從句你必須要知道！從句前面一般有連接詞；一個句子只有一個主句，可以有很多個從句。關系二：名詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（定語從句）①定語從句之啥叫定語？girl 啥叫定語：限定。abeautiful/angelicgirl,agirlinbeauty,agirlwhoisangelic.定語從句在名詞的后面。②你眼中應該出現的定語從句題目：Asdf&*($#@&(_2354546436名詞 *&^%%$$^&*().A.where B.that C.who D.themIlikeAsdf&*($#@&(_2354546436 *&^%%$$^&*().A.where B.that C.who D.them空格前沒有名詞！ 這就不是定語從句！IlikeAsdf&*($#@&(_2354546436 *&^%%$$^&*().A.where B.that C.who D.themIwillneverforgetthedays westudiedIwillneverforgetthedays wespentclimbedtothetopofthemountain weregardasatoughclimbedtothetopofthemountain wesawthesunriseearlyinthemorning.③名詞可以是什么？who/whom/thatwhich/that。when/where/why。④定語從句的考點從句缺名詞：哪里能缺名詞？缺物：which/that缺人：who/whom/that不缺人和物：where/when/why1）N1+Vt/V表+N2.2）N1+Vi.3）N1+Vi+prep+N3.⑤附加小點：必須用that的6種情況例子:Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Allthepresentsthatyourfriendsgaveyouonyourbirthdayshouldbeputaway.thetheonly修飾時。例子:ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.ThisisthelastplanethatwillgotoChina.例子ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.當先行詞有人又有物時。例子:Jackandhisdogthatlookthesamearesinging.從句中缺表語時。例子:Itisnolongerthecitythatitwas.whichthat,避免重復。例子:Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.關系三：動詞—完整句子/缺成分的句子（名詞性從句）①名詞性從句=在句子中充當名詞的從句1.Whenwewillst