賽跑網(wǎng)abap培訓教程

1SAPABAP/4培訓賽跑網(wǎng)2012年2012年09月2ABAP開發(fā)培訓內(nèi)容大綱一.ABAP開發(fā)的全局概念和開發(fā)環(huán)境二.ABAP數(shù)據(jù)字典和基本語法三.ABAP開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)操作四.開發(fā)程序的輸出五.開發(fā)技巧六.開發(fā)流程和代碼規(guī)范3ABAP開發(fā)培訓內(nèi)容大綱一.ABAP開發(fā)的全局概念和開發(fā)環(huán)境二.ABAP數(shù)據(jù)字典和基本語法三.ABAP開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)操作四.開發(fā)程序的輸出五.開發(fā)技巧六.開發(fā)流程和代碼規(guī)范4Advanceddvanced

BusinessusinessProgrammingrogrammingApplicationpplicationABAP的含義和概念A(yù)BAP/4是一個面向?qū)ο蟮姆蟂QL標準的第四代專業(yè)開發(fā)語言。SAPR3的絕大部分是用ABAP/4開發(fā)的。SAP最初開發(fā)ABAP/4（高級商業(yè)應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計）語言僅為內(nèi)部使用，為應(yīng)用程序員提供優(yōu)化的工作環(huán)境。經(jīng)過不斷的改進和修改以滿足商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的需要。現(xiàn)在，ABAP/4已成為SAP開發(fā)所有自己的應(yīng)用程序的專用工具。SAP客戶用ABAP/4進行其自身開發(fā)。這樣的開發(fā)通常稱為SAP系統(tǒng)的二次開發(fā)。ABAP/4開發(fā)工作平臺包含所有用于創(chuàng)建和維護ABAP/4程序的工具。5ABAP開發(fā)的運行環(huán)境ApplicationPresentationDatabaseSAPSAPGUIGUISAPSAPGUIGUISAPSAPGUIGUISAPSAPGUIGUI

ABAPABAPABAPABAPRDBMSRDBMSClient/ServerArchitecture6Client-independentcustomizingABAPRepositorycustomizingBASISDBOStestingtrainingABAP資源庫與系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)FunctionModules

ProgramsTablesFIHRMMSDWMMMDevelopmentClassesMMRepositoryObjects7ABAP開發(fā)傳輸路徑RChangeRequestDevelopmentsystemProductionsystemTransportingRepositoryObjects開發(fā)/測試系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)注意：開發(fā)的對象與集團無關(guān)8ABAP開發(fā)培訓內(nèi)容大綱一.ABAP開發(fā)的全局概念和開發(fā)環(huán)境二.ABAP數(shù)據(jù)字典和基本語法三.ABAP開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)操作四.開發(fā)程序的輸出五.開發(fā)技巧六.開發(fā)流程和代碼規(guī)范9ABAP開發(fā)培訓內(nèi)容大綱一.ABAP開發(fā)的全局概念和開發(fā)環(huán)境二.ABAP數(shù)據(jù)字典和基本語法三.ABAP開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)操作四.開發(fā)程序的輸出五.開發(fā)技巧六.開發(fā)流程和代碼規(guī)范10 數(shù)據(jù)字典對象表或結(jié)構(gòu)的類型表類型確定對應(yīng)定義在ABAP/4詞典中的邏輯表格說明的物理表是否存在。在數(shù)據(jù)庫中同時定義這種表的結(jié)構(gòu)。SAP系統(tǒng)包含下列表類型：透明表（TransparentTable）每個透明表在數(shù)據(jù)庫中有一個相應(yīng)的物理表。物理表的名稱和數(shù)據(jù)字典中的邏輯表定義的名稱一致。所有事務(wù)和應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)存貯在透明表中。結(jié)構(gòu)（Structure）結(jié)構(gòu)在數(shù)據(jù)庫不存在數(shù)據(jù)記錄。結(jié)構(gòu)用于在程序之間或程序與屏幕之間的接口定義。視圖（View）若干個透明表通過某些條件連接在一起的一個相應(yīng)的邏輯表。SAP系統(tǒng)的其他數(shù)據(jù)字典對象：數(shù)據(jù)元素（DataElement）

通常用于描述一個數(shù)據(jù)定義域的屬性、信息以及搜索幫助。域（Domain）

定義一個字段的技術(shù)信息，例如數(shù)據(jù)類型，數(shù)據(jù)范圍。11TableAdomainusesusesdataelementAtablefieldA數(shù)據(jù)字典對象關(guān)系TableBtablefieldBdataelementB表，字段，數(shù)據(jù)元素，域12字段數(shù)據(jù)元素13viewviewDBDBABAPDictionarytables數(shù)據(jù)字典：視圖ABAPDictionary

transparenttableAfield1field2field3field4ABAPDictionary

transparenttableBfield1field2field3field414數(shù)據(jù)瀏覽器(1)ABAP/4WorkbenchToolsOverviewDataBrowser(SE16)Tablename15數(shù)據(jù)瀏覽器(2)可以輸入查詢字段的內(nèi)容和輸出清單的寬度以及最大的命中量16基本語法：鏈式語句WRITE'XYZ'.WRITENAME.WRITECOUNTER.WRITE:'XYZ',NAME,COUNTER.ADD1TOCOUNTER1.ADD1TOCOUNTER2.ADD1TOCOUNTER3.ADD1TO:COUNTER1,COUNTER2,COUNTER3.17基本語法：數(shù)據(jù)類型和數(shù)據(jù)對象(2)DatatypesDataobjectsDATAD1TYPET1.DATAD5TYPEC.DATAD6TYPEC.DATAD2TYPET1.DATAD4TYPET1VALUE'ABC'.DATAD3TYPET1VALUE'123'.TYPEST1(3)TYPEC.TYPECUserdefinedUserdefinedPre-definedPre-defined18基本語法：數(shù)據(jù)類型Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryStructuretypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatype19基本語法：預(yù)定義數(shù)據(jù)類型Datatype Meaning Initialvalue Standard Allowed length lengthPackednumber 0 8 1-16Integer 0 *4 *10Floatingpointno. 0.0000…E+00 *8 *16Numerictext 00...00 1 1-max.Text(character) Blank 1 1-max.Date(YYYYMMDD) 00000000 8Time(HHMMSS) 000000 6Hexadecimal X'00' 2 1-max.*Machine-specific max.:approx.64,000Byte壓縮型整型浮點型數(shù)值型文本型日期型時間型十六進制型IPre-defined:20基本語法：用戶定義數(shù)據(jù)類型RPre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES<type2>[(<length>)]TYPE<type1>[OCCURS0].TYPES<type>LIKE<dataobject>[OCCURS0].TYPES:BEGINOF<typ>,...,ENDOF<typ>.Anamemaynotconsistonlyofnumbersmendation:Alwaysusealetterasthefirstcharacter.Ifyouarecombiningwordsinthename,separatethemwithanunderscore

RulesforassigningtypenamesThemaximumlengthforanameis30characters(Letters,numbersandunderscore)Userdefined:TYPES<type>[(<length>)]TYPE<pre-defined>.21Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES:NAME_TYPE(25)TYPEC,SUM_FIELD_TYPETYPEPDECIMALS2,DATE_TYPELIKESFLIGHT-FLDATE.TYPES<type2>[(<length>)]TYPE<type1>[DECIMALS<n>].基本語法：基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)元素定義Elementarytypes:22基本語法：用戶定義結(jié)構(gòu)類型Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES:BEGINOFFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLAGTYPEC,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,NAMETYPENAME_TYPE,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,ENDOFFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLIGHTREC2_TYPETYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE.TYPES:BEGINOF<type>,...,ENDOF<type>.TYPES<type>TYPE<rectype>.Fieldstringtypes:23基本語法：用戶定義表類型Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES<itabtype>TYPE<linetype>OCCURS0.TYPESFLIGHTINFOLIST1_TYPELIKESPFLIOCCURS0.TYPESFLIGHTINFOLIST2_TYPELIKESPFLI-CARRIDOCCURS0.Tabletypes:24TYPE-POOLZ400.TYPES:Z400_NAME_TYPE(25)TYPEC,Z400_FLIGHTTAB_TYPELIKESPFLIOCCURS0,....REPORT....TYPE-POOLSZ400.DATA:NAMETYPEZ400_NAME_TYPE,FLIGHTTABTYPEZ400_FLIGHTTAB_TYPE.....ABAP基本語法：數(shù)據(jù)字典的類型池TypesgroupsintheABAPdictionary:25基本語法：數(shù)據(jù)對象VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject可變的數(shù)據(jù)對象：我們通常翻譯成變量固定的數(shù)據(jù)對象：我們通常翻譯成常量26VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobjectDATA<dataobject>TYPE<type>[VALUE<literal>].DATA<dataobject2>LIKE<dataobject1>[VALUE<literal>].DATA:BEGINOF<dataobject>,...,ENDOF<dataobject>.DATA<dataobject>TYPE<type>OCCURS<n>.RulesfornamingdataobjectsThemaximumlengthforanameis30characters(letters,digits,specialcharacters)Thefollowingspecialcharactersarenotallowed:()+.,:SPACEisapre-definedfield基本語法：變量Variabledataobjects:27DATA:COUNTERTYPEI,NAME1(25)TYPEC,START_DATETYPED,FIRST_LINETYPEIVALUE1,SUM1(5)TYPEPDECIMALS2,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,NAME2LIKESCUSTOM-NAME,NAME3LIKENAME1.DATA<dataobject>TYPE<type>[VALUE<fixeddataobject>].VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject基本語法：基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)元素變量Elementarydataobjects:28Fieldstringsdataobjects:基本語法：結(jié)構(gòu)變量DATA:FLIGHTREC1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE.DATA:BEGINOFFLIGHTREC2,FLAGTYPEC,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,NAMETYPENAME_TYPE,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,ENDOFFLIGHTREC2.DATA:BEGINOF<fieldstring>,...,ENDOF<fieldstring>.<fieldstring>-<field>MOVE'X'TOFLIGHTREC2-FLAG.WRITEFLIGHTREC2-SUM_FIELD.VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject29Internaltables:基本語法：內(nèi)部表的定義DATA:FLIGHTLIST1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPEOCCURS0.DATA:BEGINOFFLIGHLIST2OCCURS0,FLAGTYPEC,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,NAMETYPENAME_TYPE,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,ENDOFFLIGHTTAB2.DATA<itabobject>TYPE<linetype>OCCURS<n>.DATA<itabobject>TYPE<itabtype>.DATA:BEGINOF<itabobject>OCCURS<n>,...,ENDOF<itabobject>.manipulatetablesdynamically!!!VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject30基本語法：常量'abc','2.17','1.213E15','0FFF','A''B'Sequenceofcharactersenclosedininvertedcommas.Max.255charsTextliterals715,-431Wholenumber(withprecedingminussignifnegative)NumberliteralsCONSTANTS<constants>TYPE<type>VALUE<literal>.CONSTANTS:PITYPEPDECIMALS4VALUE'3.1415',BOSS(4)TYPECVALUE'Hugo'.ninedigitsorfewertenormoredigitsIPCtypeconversionifnecessaryLiteraltypeLiteraltypeVariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobjectLiteralsandconstants:31基本語法：初始化數(shù)據(jù)對象REPORT....DATA:NAME1(25)TYPEC,FIRST_LINE(4)TYPEIVALUE'4',FLIGHTRECTYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE.CLEAR:NAME1,FIRST_LINE,FLIGHTREC.CLEAR<dataobject>.InitializingaDataObject:Setsafieldtotheinitialvalueappropriateforitsdatatype32RDATA:NAME1(25)TYPEC,FIRST_LINE(4)TYPEN,SORT_NAMELIKENAME1,FLIGHTREC1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLIGHTREC2TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLIGHTLIST1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPEOCCURS0,FLIGHTLIST2TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPEOCCURS0.MOVE'SAP'TONAME1.MOVE5TOFIRST_LINE.SORT_NAME=NAME1.FLIGHTREC2=FLIGHTREC1.FLIGHTLIST2=FLIGHTLIST1.MOVE<dataobject1>TO<dataobject2>.<dataobject2>=<dataobject1>.REPORT....基本語法：賦值A(chǔ)ssigningValues33RDATA:COUNTERTYPEI,AMOUNTTYPEPVALUE1000,SUMTYPEP,RESULTTYPEP,NUMBER(2)TYPECVALUE'99',ROOTTYPEF.COUNTER=COUNTER+2.RESULT=AMOUNT*COUNTER.SUM=RESULT+NUMBER-COUNTER.RESULT=COUNTER*(AMOUNT+NUMBER).ROOT=SQRT(NUMBER+COUNTER).[COMPUTE]<field>=<arithmeticexpression>.+-/*DIVMODSQRTEXPLOGSINCOSSTRLENTAN...OperatorsFunctions基本語法：運算符34TypeLengthValueTypeLengthValue1A4A____4ABCD2AB7-47110_447110-312345-7_12345-SourcefieldSourcefieldTargetfieldTargetfieldCCCPCCPCConversionrulesexistforallallcombinationsofelementarytypes(exceptforTtoDandviceversa)基本語法：類型轉(zhuǎn)換(2)ConversionRule:ElementaryTypes35基本語法：Write語句(1)REPORT ZXX02line-size165line-count66.WRITE: '******************************'.SKIP2.WRITE: 'Date', SY-DATUM.WRITE: 'Time', SY-UZEIT.SKIP2.WRITE: '******************************'.01.01.20066TestReport 1******************************Date01.01.2006Time17:18:38******************************36REPORT ZXX02.WRITE: 5'******************************'.SKIP.WRITE: 5'Date', 20SY-DATUM,

/5'Time',20SY-UZEIT.ULINE /5(30).SKIP2.ULINE.Column20Column501.03.2006AnotherTestReport 1******************************Date01.03.2006Time12:22:06

基本語法：Write語句(2)37基本語法：Write語句(3)REPORT ZXX02.DATA: POSTYPEIVALUE5, LENTYPEIVALUE25.WRITEAT/POS(LEN)'******************************'.SKIP.WRITEAT:POS'Date',20SY-DATUM,/POS'Time',20SY-UZEIT.ULINEAT/POS(LEN).01.01.2006YetAnotherTestReport 1*************************Date01.01.2006

Time17:18:38

38REPORTZ170D035.WRITE: /'Date',SY-DATUM, /'Time',SY-UZEIT....NEW.WRITE: /'User',SY-UNAME,

/'System',SY-SYSID.

1Date 01.01.2006

Time 08:16:24

2User EverymanSystem S50SystemListPrint12基本語法：Write語句(4)39REPORTZXX01NOSTANDARDPAGEHEADING.WRITE:/'Date',SY-DATUM, /'Time',SY-UZEIT.NEW.WRITE:/'Thisispage2'.

...TOP-OF.WRITE:/20'ReportXYZ',40'PageNo:',SY-PAGNO.

ReportXYZ PageNo:1Date 01.01.2006

Time 08:16:24 ReportXYZ PageNo:2Thisispage2基本語法：Write語句(5)40REPORTZ170D037.WRITE:TEXT-001,10SY-Datum....

TEXT-002,10SY-UZEIT...TextsymbolsTextelementsProgramnameZDEMO001Lang.EText-TextSymbol+1+2+3+ABAP/4TextElements:ChangeTextSymbols001Date002TimeDate 01.01.2006Time 21:07:54 基本語法：Write語句(6)41REPORTZXX02NOSTANDARDPAGEHEADING.WRITE:/(10)'Date'Centered,(12)SY-DATUM, /(10)'Time'color2left-justified,(12)SY-UZEIT.NEW.WRITE:/'Thisispage2'color1.

...TOP-OF.

WRITE:/20'ReportXYZ',40'Page:',SY-PAGNO.

1orCOL_HEADING Headers(grayishblue)2orCOL_NORMAL Listbody(brightgray)3orCOL_TOTAL Totals(yellow)4orCOL_KEY Keycolumns(bluishgreen)5orCOL_POSITIVE Positivethresholdvalue(green)6orCOL_NEGATIVE Negativethresholdvalue(red)7orCOL_GROUP Controllevels

(violet)基本語法：Write語句(7)42基本語法：Write語句(8)uline(96).write:/(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,40'系統(tǒng)查詢報表',96(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP.uline(96).write:/(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(18)'產(chǎn)品名稱'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(8)'產(chǎn)品類型',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(8)'訂單',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(15)'數(shù)量'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(4)'單位',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(4)'總價',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(10)'創(chuàng)建日期'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(12)'備注'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP.uline(96).43基本語法：子字段RREPORT....DATA:BEGINOFDATEREC,YEAR(4)TYPEC,MONTH(2)TYPEC,DAY(2)TYPEC,ENDOFDATEREC.DATA:YEAR(4)TYPEC,MONTH(2)TYPEC,DAY(2)TYPEC.MOVESY-DATUMTODATEREC.WRITE:/DATEREC-YEAR,DATEREC-MONTH,DATEREC-DAY.MOVE:SY-DATUM(4)TOYEAR,SY-DATUM+4(2)TOMONTH,SY-DATUM+6(2)TODAY.WRITE:/YEAR,MONTH,DAY.

2006122520061225Sub-fields44RIFENDIFCASEENDCASEDOENDDOWHILEENDWHILECONTINUECHECKEXITCasedistinctionLoopsOthercontrolstatements基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(1)ControlCommands:Overview45基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(2)LogicalExpressionsRDATA:STARTTYPED,

SUM1TYPEP,SUM2TYPEP....IFSUM2GE1000.IFSTARTISINITIAL.IFSUM1GTSUM2ANDSUM1BETWEEN0AND100.IFSUM1=1000AND(SUM2LE2000ORSTARTISINITIAL).EQ=NE<>GT>GE>=LT<LE<=ISINITIALBETWEENf1andf2EqualUnequalGreaterthanLessthanLessthanorequalInitialvalueIntervalOperatorOperatorMeaningMeaning...<logicalexpression>AND<logicalexpression>...<logicalexpression>OR<logicalexpression>...NOT<logicalexpression>......<field><literal>......<field1><field2>...<operator><operator>

<operator><operator>Greaterthanorequal46基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(3)IF<logicalexpression>.ENDIF.IF<logicalexpression>.ELSE.ENDIF.IF<logicalexpression>.ELSEIF<logicalexpression>.ELSEIF<logicalexpression>.ELSE.ENDIF.StatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsForexample:DATA:STARTTYPED,SUM1(3)TYPEI,SUM2LIKESUM1....IFSTARTISINITIAL....SUM1=SUM2.ENDIF.IFSUM1GTSUM2....SUM1=SUM1–SUM2.ELSEif…….

SUM1=SUM2–SUM1.Elseif…….ENDIF.IFSUM1BETWEEN0AND100....SUM2=100–SUM1.ENDIF.47CASE<dataobject1>.WHEN<dataobject2>.WHEN<dataobject3>.WHEN<dataobject4>OR<dataobject5>.WHENOTHERS.ENDCASE.StatementsStatementsStatementsStatements基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(4)Forexample:DATA:COUNTRY(3)TYPEC,WINNER(10)TYPEC....CASECOUNTRY.

WHEN‘USA’.

WINNER=‘USA’.

WHEN‘CHN’.WINNER=‘CHINA’.

WHEN‘JPN’.WINNER=‘JAPAN’.ENDCASE.48基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(5)DO <n> TIMES.ENDDO.SY-INDEXLoopindexstatementsForexample:DATA:STARTTYPED,SUM1(3)TYPEI,SUM2(6)TYPEI....DO100TIMES.SUM2=SUM2+SUM1.ENDDO.DoLoop:SUM2=SUM2+100*SUM1.49基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(6)WHILE<logicalexpression>.ENDWHILE.DATA:SEARCH_METYPEI,

TRIES

TYPEI,

NUMBER(3)

TYPEIVALUE2.

SEARCH_ME=64.

WHILENUMBER<>SEARCH_ME.

ADD1TOTRIES.

NUMBER=NUMBER*2.

ENDWHILE.

statementsWHILELoop:50CHECK<logicalexpression>.CHECK<condition>.statementsstatementsCHECKwithinaloopstructure.有條件終止當次循環(huán)CHECKoutsideloopstructures.WHILECOUNTERGT0. CHECKFLAGNESPACE.ENDWHILE.statementsstatements12基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(7)51DO... IFCOUNTERGE100.

EXIT. ENDIF.ENDDO.statementsstatementsEXITwithinaloopstructure.無條件終止所有循環(huán)EXIToutsideloopstructure.EXIT.IF....

EXIT.ENDIF.statementsstatements12基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(8)52DO100TIMES.IFSY-INDEXGE10ANDSY-INDEXLE20.

CONTINUE.ENDIF.ENDDO.statementsstatementsCONTINUE.無條件終止當次循環(huán)基本語法：內(nèi)部控制語句(9)53課后練習I

報表邏輯：XXX是個人的用戶名；“除數(shù)”一欄中是從1開始步長為1的序列；“余數(shù)”一欄中是”除數(shù)”除以3之后的余數(shù)；當”除數(shù)”是5的奇數(shù)倍的時候，這一列不進行輸出；是5的偶數(shù)倍的時候，進行換頁；當”余數(shù)”為0的時候，進行紅色的輸出附加補充55基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(1)Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeManipulatingtablesdynamically!!!CARRIDCONNIDInternaltable<itab>AA0017LH0400LH0402LH0403UA0027SQ0005DATA<itabobject>TYPE<linetype>OCCURS<n>.DATA<itabobject>TYPE<itabtype>.DATA:BEGINOF<itabobject>OCCURS<n>,...,ENDOF<itabobject>.56基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(2)REPORTZXX06.TABLES:TABNA.TYPES:BEGINOFSALES,NAME(30)TYPEC,SALES(4)TYPEPDECIMALS2,ENDOFSALES.DATA:AMOUNT(5)TYPEN,

BEGINOFADDRESS_LISTOCCURS5,FLAGTYPEC,IDLIKETABNA-ID,..AMOUNT1LIKEAMOUNT,,

ENDOFADDRESS_LIST,SALES_TABTYPESALESOCCURS10WITHHEADERLINE.

ExamplesADDRESS_LISTHeaderlineSALES_TABHeaderline10rows/lines57基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(3)CARRIDCONNIDAA0017internaltable<itab>Workarea<wa>LH0400SORT<itab>BY<field1>...<fieldn>.CLEAR<itab>.REFRESH<itab>.LOOPAT<itab>...ENDLOOP.READTABLE<itab>....APPEND...<itab>.COLLECT...<itab>.INSERT...<itab>.MODIFY<itab>....DELETE<itab>....WorkingwithInternalTables:Movecorresponding<dbtb>to<wa>.AA0017LH0400CARRIDCONNIDCARRIDCONNID58CARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Workarea<wa>LH0400CARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Headerline<itab>LH0400APPEND<wa>TO<itab>.MODIFY<itab>INDEX<n>FROM<wa>.LOOPAT<itab>INTO<wa>.WRITE<wa>-<field>.ENDLOOP.READTABLE<itab>INDEX<n>INTO<wa>.WRITE<wa>-<field>.APPEND<itab>.MODIFY<itab>INDEX<n>.LOOPAT<itab>.WRITE<itab>-<field>.ENDLOOP.READTABLE<itab>INDEX<n>.WRITE<itab>-<field>.基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(4)InternalTablesWithorWithoutHeaderLine:59REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHT.

APPENDSFLIGHTTOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.APPEND[<wa>TO]<itab>.CARRIDCONNID...AA0017...InternaltableFLIGHTINFO_LISTTableworkareaSFLIGHTSFLIGHTSELECTAPPENDAA00260026AA基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(5)FillingInternalTables:60基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(6)RSELECT*FROM<table>INTOTABLE<itab>.CARRIDCONNID...AA0017...InternaltableFLIGHTINFO_LISTDatabasetableSFLIGHTAAAAAAAA0017002600260064............REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTWHERECARRID='AA'.APPENDSFLIGHTTOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERECARRID='AA'.ArrayFetch:61基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(7)CARRIDPRICE(TYPP)456789LH100000HeaderlineAA20909381DL9333382LH176666931866669COLLECT[<wa>INTO]<itab>.REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.TYPES:BEGINOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE,CARRIDLIKESFLIGHT-CARRID,PRICELIKESFLIGHT-PRICE,ENDOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTTYPEFLIGHTINFO_TYPEOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHT.MOVE-CORRESPONDINGSFLIGHTTOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.COLLECTFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.FillingInternalTableswithCumulativeValues:SFLIGHTCARRID NAME PRICE00000001 WILLY 1200 00000001 1200FLIGHTINFO_LISTFLAG CARRID TIME PRICE62基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(8)SORT<itab>BY<field1><field2>....REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....

SORTFLIGHTINFO_LIST...SORTFLIGHTINFO_LISTBYPRICEFLDATE...SORTFLIGHTINFO_LISTBYPRICEASCENDING

FLDATEDESCENDINGCARRIDASCENDINGASTEXT.SortinganInternalTable:63基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(9)LOOPAT<itab>[INTO<wa>]....ENDLOOP.REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....LOOPATFLIGHTINFO_LIST.WRITE:/FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CARRID,FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CONNID...ENDLOOP....LOOPATFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERECARRID='LH'.

WRITE:/FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CARRID,FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CONNID...ENDLOOP.IFSY-SUBRCNE0...ENDIF.UsingLoopswithanInternalTable:64基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(10)READTABLE<itab>[INTO<wa>]WITHKEY...REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE,TAB_INDEXTYPEI.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....READTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWITHKEYCARRID='LH'CONNID='0400'.IFSY-SUBRCNE0ENDIF.TAB_INDEX=SY-TABIX+1.READTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEXTAB_INDEX.IFSY-SUBRCNE0ENDIF.ReadinganEntryfromanInternalTable:65基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(11)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....READTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWITHKEYCARRID='LH'CONNID='0400'.MOVE'345.89'TOFLIGHTINFO_LIST-PRICE.MODIFYFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEXSY-TABIX.IFSY-SUBRCNE0....ENDIF...INSERTFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEX5....DELETEFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEX5.IFSY-SUBRCNE0....ENDIF.INSERT[<wa>INTO]<itab>INDEX<i>.MODIFY<itab>INDEX<i>[FROM<wa>].DELETE<itab>INDEX<i>.ChanginganInternalTableI:66基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(12)LOOPAT<itab>[INTO<wa>].INSERT[<wa>INTO]<itab>.MODIFY<itab>[FROM<wa>].DELETE<itab>.ENDLOOP.ChanginganInternalTableII:REPORT.......LOOPATFLIGHTINFO_LIST.INSERTFLIGHTINFO_LIST....MODIFYFLIGHTINFO_LIST....DELETEFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDLOOP.DELETEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE<Condition>.67基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(13)RCARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Workarea<wa>LH0400CARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Headerline<itab>LH0400CLEAR<wa>.REFRESH<itab>.CLEAR<itab>.withheaderlinewithoutheaderline

REFRESH<itab>.DeletinganInternalTable:68基本語法：內(nèi)部表工作原理(14)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKEBCAXXOCCURS10.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LIST.DESCRIBETABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTLINESLINE_COUNT.DESCRIBETABLE<itab>....CARRIDCONNID...AA0017...InternaltableFLIGHTINFO_LISTAAAAAA001700260026.........LINE_COUNT4InformationaboutanInternalTable:69基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(1)Whichcolumns?Whichcolumns?Whichtables?Whichtables?Whereto?Whereto?Whichentries?Whichentries?Howaretheygrouped?Howaretheygrouped?Howaretheyarranged?Howaretheyarranged?SELECT<result>FROM<table>INTO<target>WHERE<condition>GROUPBY<fields>ORDERBY<fields>.Particularcolumn}Severallines}SinglelineSelectoverview:70基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(2)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.SELECT*FROMSPFLIWHERECARRID='LH'.SELECTSINGLE*FROMSPFLIWHERECARRID='LH'.SELECT<result>FROM<table>....ENDSELECT.SELECTSINGLE<result>FROM<table>.SingleorMultipleEntryProcessing:NoENDSELECTrequiredENDSELECT.71基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(3)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.DATA:MAXFIELDLIKESFLIGHT-DISTANCE,COUNTERTYPEI.SELECTCITYFROMCITYTOINTO(SPFLI-CITYFROM,SPFLI-CITYTO)FROMSPFLI.WRITE:/SPFLI-CITYFROM,SPFLI-CITYTO.ENDSELECT.SELECTMAX(DISTANCE)COUNT(*)

FROMSPFLIINTO(MAXFIELD,COUNTER).SELECT*.......ENDSELECT.SELECT<field1>...<fieldn>....[...ENDSELECT].WRITE:'Longestflightconnection',MAXFIELD,/'Numberofflightconnections',COUNTER.SELECTClause:72基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(4)REPORTB170D068.TABLES:TABNA.DATA:W_COUNTRYLIKETABNA-COUNTRY.SELECTDISTINCTCOUNTRYINTO(W_COUNTRY)FROMTABNA.ENDSELECT.statementsREPORTB170D069.TABLES:TABNA.DATA:W_IDLIKETABNA-ID,W_COUNTRYLIKETABNA-COUNTRYSELECTDISTINCTIDCOUNTRYINTO(W_ID,W_COUNTRY)FROMTABNA.ENDSELECT.statementsTABNACountryIDAU 12345678AU 22009520USA 10034766USA 22009520USA 999857631stpass2ndpassTABNACountryIDAU 12345678AU 22009520USA 10034766USA 22009520USA 999857632ndpass1stpassSELECTdistinct:73RSELECT<result>FROM<table>INTO<wa>....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>INTO(<field1>,...,<fieldn>)....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>INTOTABLE<itab>.REPORT....TYPES:BEGINOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,CONNIDLIKESPFLI-CONNID,ENDOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE.DATA:WATYPEFLIGHTINFO_TYPE,FLIGHTINFO_LISTTYPEFLIGHTINFO_TYPEOCCURS0.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDFROMSPFLIINTOWA.APPENDWATOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDFROMSPFLIINTO(SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID).

WRITE:SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID.ENDSELECT.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDFROMSPFLIINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LIST.基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(5)IntoClause:74基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(6)SELECT<result>FROM<table>......WHERE<tablefield><operator><value>....WHERE<tablefield>BETWEEN<value1>AND<value2>....WHERE<tablefield>LIKE<pattern>....WHERE<tablefield>IN(<value1,value2,...)....WHERE<tablefield>IN<seltab>.ENDSELECT.WhereClauseoverview:EQ,= LE,<=NE,<> GT,>LT,< GE,>=Equalto LessthanorequalNotequalto GreaterthanLessthan GreaterthanorequalAllowablecomparisonoperatorsforWHEREconditions:75基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(7)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.SELECT*FROMSPFLIWHERECITYFROMLIKE'_R%'.WRITE:/SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID,SPFLI-CITYFROM,....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>WHERE<tablefield>LIKE<pattern>.WhereClause:like76基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(8)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTWHEREPRICEIN(123,1000).WRITE:/SFLIGHT-CARRID,SFLIGHT-CONNID,SFLIGHT-PRICE,....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>WHERE<tablefield>IN(<value1>,<value2>,...).WhereClause:in77基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(9)RSELECT<result>...FROM<table>GROUPBY<field1>...<fieldn>.REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:CARRIDLIKESFLIGHT-CARRID,MINIMUMTYPEPDECIMALS2,MAXIMUMTYPEPDECIMALS2.SELECTCARRIDMIN(PRICE)MAX(PRICE)INTO(CARRID,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM)FROMSFLIGHTGROUPBYCARRID.WRITE:/CARRID,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM.ENDSELECT.IFSY-SUBRCNE0.WRITE:/TEXT-001.ENDIF.Groupbyclause:78基本語法：ABAPOPENSQL(10)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDCITYFROMFROMSPFLIINTO(SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID,SPFLI-CITYFROM)ORDERBYCITYFROM.

WRITE:/SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID,

SPFLI-CITYFROM.ENDSELECT.IFSY-SUBRCNE0.WRITE:/TEXT-001.ENDIF.SELECT<result>FROM<table>ORDERBY<field1><field2>...PRIMARYKEY.Orderbyclause:79基本語法：功能函數(shù)(1)PROGRAM...TABLES...CALLFUNCTION'FM_02'EXPORTING...IMPORTING...UsingfunctionmodulesMaintainingfunctionmodulesFM_02InterfaceImportExportTablesExceptionsProgramDocumentationAdministrationFMgroup:FIBUFM_01...FM_02...FM_03...FM_04...FMgroup:ZIBUFunctionLibraryFunctionLibrary80基本語法：功能函數(shù)(2)81基本語法：功能函數(shù)(3)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:losslikesflight-paymentsum,revenuelike...CALLFU