新目標八年級下冊+Units+1-2

Units

1-2n.

胃痛；腹痛n.牙痛n.頭痛3.n.

腳；足知識清單（一）單詞1.

sore_e

adj.

疼痛的；酸痛的foot2.

stomachache→

toothache

→

feet

復數4.

fever

n.

發(fā)燒→

headache

→5.

lie

v.

躺；平躺lay

過去式→

lain

過去分詞→

lying

現在分詞

rest

v.&n.

放松；休息

cough

v.&

n.咳嗽

hurt

v.

(使)疼痛；受傷→

hurt

過去式/過去分詞off

adv.&

prep.

離開(某處)； 不工作；從……去掉10.

on

prep.向；朝

hit

v.

(用手或器具)擊；打→

hit

過去式/過去分詞

herself

pron.

(she的反身代詞)她自→_o_u_r_s_e_l_v_e_s

pron.(we的反身代詞)我們自己

press

v.

壓；擠；按

sick

adj.

生病的；有病的→

i_i_l_l_l_l

近義詞15.n.

呼吸adj.曬傷的19.過去式/過去分詞breathe

v.

呼吸→

breath16.

sunburnedknife

n.

刀→

knives

復數20.

m_m_e_e_a_a_n_n

v.

意思是；打算；意欲

climber

n.

登山者；攀登者→

climb

v.攀登

ris_s_k_k

v.&n.

危險；風險；冒險→

meant→

important

adj.

重要的decision

n.決定；抉擇→

decide

v.決定

d_d_e_e_a_a_t_t_h_h

n.死；死亡→

dead

adj.

死的

v_v_o_o_l_l_u_u_n_n_t_t_e_e_e_e_r_r

v.

義務做；自愿做n.志愿者21.impor_t_t_a_a_n_n_c_c_e_e

n.

重要性；重要25.adj.

孤獨的；寂寞的n.

滿足；滿意adj.感到滿意的28.

satisfaction→

satisfy

v.使?jié)M意；滿足→

satisfiedlonely→

lone

adj.孤單的；單獨的→

alone

adv.獨自；單獨several

pron.

幾個；數個；一些

strong

adj.

強烈的；強壯的→

過去分詞29.

owner

n.物主；主人→

own

adj.自己的

raise

v.

募集；征集

repair

v.

修理；修補

fix

v.

修理；安裝b_b_r_r_o_o_k_k_e_e_n_n

adj.

破損的；殘缺的→

break

v.

打碎→

broke

過去式broken的瞎的；失明的n.想象；想象力n.

困難；難題→

adj.

困難的disable→

blind

v.使無能力;使殘廢，35.

deaf

adj.34.disabled

adj.喪失能力的；有殘疾

i_i_m_m_a_a_g_g_i_i_n_n_e

adj.

聾的

imaginationv.

想象；設想→difficulty38.

difficult39.v.

開；打開激動的；興奮的open→

close

v.

關(反義詞)

carry

v.

拿；提；扛

train

v.訓練；培訓→

training

n.訓練；培訓42.

excited

adj.→

excite

v.使興奮；使激動→

exciting

adj.令人興奮的；使人激動的→_e_x_c_i_t_e_m_e_n_t_

n.激動；興奮43.

kindness

n.

仁慈；善良→

kind

adj.

善良的；仁慈的

clever

adj.

聰明的；聰穎的

understand

v.理解；領會→_u_n_d_e_r_s_t_o_o_d_

過去式/過去分詞

change

v.&

n.

變化；改變

interest

n.

興趣；關注v.使感興趣；使關注→_i_n_t_e_r_e_s_t_e_d_

adj.

感興趣的→

interestingadj.有趣的（二）短語all

weekend

整個周末at

once/right

away

立刻；馬上be

in

control

of

掌管；管理be

used

to

習慣于；適應于by

oneself

獨自；單獨call

up

打電話給(某人)；征召care

for

照顧；非常喜歡cheer

up

(使)變得更高興；振奮起來clean

up

打掃(或清除)干凈想出；提出(主意、切除修理；裝飾拍X光片陷入；參與下車離開；從……出來曬傷贈送；捐贈10.

c_c_o_o_m_m_e_e

up

with計劃、回答等)11.

c_c_u_u_t_t

off12.

f_f_i_i_x_x

up13.

g_g_e_e_t_t

an

X-ray14.

g_g_e_e_t_t

into15.

g_g_e_e_t_t

off16.

g_g_e_e_t_t

out

of17.

g_g_e_e_t_t

sunburned18.

g_g_i_i_v_v_e_e

away分發(fā)；散發(fā)放棄分發(fā)感冒發(fā)燒19.give

out20.give

up21.hand

out22.have

a

cold23.have

a

feverhave

a

heart

p_p_r_o_b_lem

心臟有問題have

a

nosebleed

流鼻血have

a

stomachache

/_/toothache/sore

throat

胃痛/牙疼/嗓子疼have

problems

breathing

呼吸困難in

time

及時l_l_ie

down

躺下m_m_a_a_k_k_e

a

decision

做決定m_a_ake_e

a

difference

影響；有作用p_put

off

推遲_r_raise

money

籌錢_r_r_u_u_n

out(of)

用盡；耗盡_s_s_e_e_t_t

up

建起；設立s_so

that

以便_tak_k_e_e

a

break/breaks

休息take

after

(外貌或行為)像takea

risk

/_/risks冒險take

one’s_s

量體溫temperature

多虧；由于thanks

to

再三考慮；仔細考慮think

twice

使某人驚訝的；出乎某t某to人on的e’意s料surprise

參加……選拔；試用try

out

曾經……；過去……

used

toWhat’s

thematter

with...?/What’swrong

with...?

……怎么了？Do

/

Does

...

havea

toothache?……牙疼嗎？What

should

...

do?……該怎么辦？Should

I...?我應該……嗎？...

so

...

that

...……如此……以至于……（三）句型...

be

ready

to

do

sth.……準備好/愿意做某事。It

sounds

like...聽起來像……I’d

like

to...我愿意……You/He/She/They

could

do...

你(們)他/她/他們可以做……...

make

it

possible

to

do

sth.……使做某事成為可能。(四)交際用語一、就醫(yī)(Seeing

the

doctor)A.

What’s

thematter/

What’s

wrong

/What’s

the

trouble

(with

you)?

Have

you

got

/

Do

you

haveacough

/headache

/

cold

...?How

long

have

you

been

like

this?It’s

nothing

serious.

/

There’snothing

wrong

withyou.You’vegot

a

bad

cold.Take

this

medicinethree

times

a

day.Drink

plenty

ofwaterand

have

a

good

restYou’ll

be

all

right

/

well

soon.B.

There’s

something

wrong

with

myhead

/

stomach

...I’ve

got

/

I

have

a

cough

/

headache

/cold

...I’m

not

feeling

well.

/

I

don’t

feel

weI

feel

terrible

/

bad

/

awful.I’ve

gota

pain

here.I

don’t

feel

like

eating

anything.I

can’t

sleep

well.二、提供幫助(Offering

help)A.

Can

/

Could

/

May

I

help

you?

/

Whatcan

I

do

for

you?

/

Is

there

anything

Ican

do

for

you?Let

me

help

you

carry

the

box.Would

you

like

some

help?

/

Would

youlike

me

to

help

you?

/

Do

you

want

me

tohelp

you?B.

①

Yes,

thanks.

/

Yes,

please.Thanks

/

Thank

you

for

your

help.That

would

be

nice

/

fine.That’s

/

It’s

very

kind

of

you.②

No,

thanks

/

thank

you.I

can

manage

it

myself.

Thank

you

allthe

same.That’s

/

It’s

very

kind

of

you,

butcan

manage

it

myself.躺；平躺核心要點（一）單詞1.

lie

v.歸納lie

down

躺下拓展lie

vi.

位于；說謊

n.

謊話,

謊言lay

vt.放置；擺放餐具；產(卵)；提出vi.下蛋，產卵原形中文意思詞性過去式過去分詞現在分詞lie躺；位于vi.laylainlyinglie說謊vi.liedliedlyinglay放置；產（卵）vt.laidlaidlaying讀下列句子，根據語境推斷劃線部分單詞的不同含義。1.

Freezing

weather

in

spring

affected

thThe

village

lies

in

a

small

wooded

valleYou

could

see

from

his

face

that

he

waslying.hens’ability

to

l下ay蛋.位于說謊4.The

doctor

says

that

Mary

must

lie

downand

rest

an

hour

every

afternoo躺n.下2.rest

n.&

v.

放松；休息歸納have

a

rest=takearest=rest

休息3.break

n.

間歇；休息v.

打破；打碎歸納take

breaks(takea

break)

休息have

a

break

(課間)休息一下break

the

rule

違反規(guī)則break

the

record

打破記錄break

offbreak

down突然中止；中斷停止運轉；出故障4.

troublen.

問題；苦惱(不可數名詞)歸納getinto

trouble

惹麻煩；陷入困境be

in

trouble

有煩事、有困難have

trouble

in

doing

sth.做某事有困難5.sick

adj.

生病的；有病的sick

ill相同點ill與sick都可以表示“生病的”，都可作表語。e.g.

Alice

was

ill

/

sick

yesterda不同點表示“生病”時，sick可作定語，但ill通常不作定語。e.g.

Could

you

help

the

sick

girl?根據句意，用ill或sick填空。The

driver

sent

the

sick

baby

tothe

hospital.My

brother

isill

/

sick.

I

have

to

lookafter

him

at

home.6.breathe

v.

呼吸拓展breath

n.

呼吸歸納take

a

deep

breathhold

one’s

breath做深呼吸屏住呼吸7.risk

n.&

v.

危險；風險；冒險歸納take

a

risk

/

take

risks

冒險at

risk

有危險，冒風險at

the

risk

of...

冒著……的風險8.

mean

v.意思是；打算；意欲歸納mean

doing

sth.

意味著做某事打算去做某事mean

to

do拓展meaning

n.意思，意義meaningful

adj.

有意義的，意味深長的meaningless

adj.

沒有意義的決定；抉擇9.decision

n.歸納make

a

decision

做決定拓展decide

v.

決定decide

to

do

sth.決定做某事10.

control

n.&

v.限制；約束；管理歸納be

in

control

of掌管；管理be

in

the

control

of

在……掌管/管理下11.death

n.

死；死亡(不可數名詞)拓展die

v.

死；死亡(短暫性動詞)指生命的結束，強調“死”的動作。過去式/過去分詞died現在分詞

dyingdead

adj.

死亡的12.

notice

n.通知；通告；注意v.

注意到；意識到歸納notice

sb.doing

sth.

注意到某人正在做某事notice

sb.do

sth.注意到某人做某事強調動作經常發(fā)生；或注意到某事發(fā)生的全過程。13.

lonely

adj.孤獨的；寂寞的lonely既可以作表語也可以作定語，表示“孤單的；寂寞的”，強調心理狀態(tài)和主觀感受，突出內心感到孤獨和寂寞。alone用作形容詞時，不能用于名詞之前，表示“單獨的；獨自的”，強調孤身一人的客觀狀態(tài)。還可以作副詞，意為“單獨；獨自；孤單地”。.3.

這個故事是關于一位孤獨的老人和他的狗。Thestoryis

about

a(n)

old

manand

his

dog.根據漢語意思完成英語句子。露西一個人的時候，通常會看電視。

Lucy

usually

watches

TV

when

she

isasalone我獨自住在這個房子里，但是從不覺得孤獨。I

live

in

the

housaelone

,

but

I

never

feelonelylonelyA.

crazyC.

hungryB.

lonelyD.

sleepyThe

old

man

often

feels

B

becausehis

children

live

far

away.(2015聊城)14.

several

pron.幾個；數個；一些adj.

幾個的；數個的(接可數名詞的復數形式)歸納several

of

幾個后面接可數名詞復數形式或人稱代詞賓格。e.g.

Several

of

apples

are

bad.Several

of

us

went

to

the

movies

lasnight.15.repair

v.

修理；修補repair

mendrepair需要一定的技術，修理的東西比較復雜。賓語通常是汽車、房子、機器等。His

house

is

repaired

once

a

year.mend不用復雜的技術和工具，比如修補破洞、裂痕等。賓語通常是衣服、桌椅、玩具等。困難；難題16.difficulty

n.歸納have

difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難17.

excited

adj.激動的；興奮的excited

excitingexcited作表語時，主語通常是人；作定語時，常用來修飾人。The

excited

people

danced

whenthey

heard

the

news.exciting作表語時，主語通常是物；作定語時，常用來修飾物。The

movie

isn’t

exciting.18.interest

n.

興趣；關注v.

使感興趣；使關注歸納be

interested

in...

對……感興趣（二）短語1.have

a

cold

=catch

a

cold

感冒拓展have

a

cough

咳嗽have

a

fever

發(fā)燒have

a

headache

頭疼have

a

sore

throat

嗓子疼have

a

stomachache

胃疼have

a

toothache

牙疼have

a

backache

背疼2.get

off

下車拓展get

on

上車get

into

陷入；參與get

up

起床；起來get

back

回來get

out

出去get

ready

做好準備get

together

相聚get

on/along

well

with

sb.與某人和睦相3.be

use

to

習慣于……；適應于……拓展be/get

usedtodoing

習慣于做某事be

used

to

do

sth.被用來做某事(被動語態(tài)use

to

do

sth.過去常常做某事(現在不做了Li

Ming

use

D_D

on

the

right

in

China,buhe

soon

gotused

on

the

left

inEngland.

(2015孝感)to

drive;

to

drivedriving;

drivingto

driving;

to

driveto

drive;

to

driving4.run

out(of)

用盡；耗盡run

out

(of) run

outrun

out(of)及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語為人。We

ran

out

of

coal

and

had

toburn

wood.run

out用完不及物動詞短語，指(人)把東西用完(或花完)，其主語通常是時間、金錢、食物等無生命的名詞。Our

supply

of

food

has

run

out.5.

cut

off切除；剪下拓展cut

downcut

upcut

in砍倒；削減切碎插嘴；干預cut

in

line

插隊cut

out

刪掉；切除6.keep

on

doing

sth.

堅持做某事一直/不斷地做某事拓展keep

sb.

doing

sth.

使某人一直做某事keep

sb.

from

doing

sth.

阻止某人做某事give

outgive

awaygive

backgive

ingive

off分發(fā)；散發(fā)捐贈；贈給歸還讓步，屈服散發(fā)（液體、氣體等）7.give

up

放棄拓展give

up

doing

sth.

放棄做某事In

the

song

I

Bet

My

Life,

the

US

rock

banA.

give

upC.

give

inB.

giveoutD.

give

offImagine

Dragon

tells

people

neverAto

catching

their

dreams.(2015連云港)look

upeat

upset

upput

up查閱；查找吃光建立；創(chuàng)立張貼；建起；搭起cheer

up

(使)變得更高興；振奮起來8.clean

up

打掃(或清除)干凈拓展wake

up

叫醒；醒來put

up

withend

up

with了解（最新的發(fā)展等）忍受，容忍以……結束等9.

come

up

with想出；提出(主意、計劃、回答等)拓展catch

up

with（落后）趕上keep

up

with

跟上，不落在……后面，come常見搭配come

back

回來come

income

truecome

outcome

upcome

on進來實現開花；出版；發(fā)行破土而出；發(fā)生快點；加油拓展put

down

放下；記下put

out

熄滅put

away

收起來put

on

穿上；戴上10.put

off

推遲We

have

to the

bike

ride

because

ofthe

bad

weather.

(2015濟寧)A.

put

offC.

take

offB.

turnoffD.

get

offA拓展hand

in

hand

手拉手hand

inout

of

hand交上去難以控制；無法控制11.hand

out

分發(fā)拓展call

on

sb.

拜訪某人call

for

要求，需要call

off

取消12.call

up

打電話給(某人)；征召拓展care

about在乎；在意；關心13.care

for

=look

after/take

care

of

照=like/love

非常喜歡拓展

try

fortry

on試圖獲得，力爭，贏得試穿（衣物）try

one’s

best

盡力14.

try

out參加……選拔；試用15.take

after

(外貌或行為)像take

after look

liketakeafter尤其是像自己的長輩。Mary

really

takes

after

her

mother.looklike用于各種場合，既可指人也可指物，一般只指外表看上去像。The

man

looks

like

our

headmaster.拓展set

aboutset

downset

offset

out開始（做某事）放下；記下動身，出發(fā)；動身，出發(fā)16.set

up

建起；設立17.make

a

difference

影響；有作用拓展make

no

difference沒有作用，沒有影響make

all

the/some

difference很有/有一些影響（三）句式1.

What’s

the

matter?本句用于詢問病情，翻譯為“怎么了？”。詢問“(某人)怎么了？”What’s

the

matter

(with

sb.)?”What’s

wrong

(with

sb.)?What’s

the

trouble

(with

sb.)?What’s

one’s

trouble?2.

…the

driver

saw

an

old

man

lying

on

theside

of

the

road.see

sb.doing

sth.

看到某人正在做某事強調動作正在進行see

sb.do

sth.

看到某人做某事強調動作經常發(fā)生或看到某事發(fā)生的全過程3.

His

love

for

mountain

climbing

is

so

grethat

he

kept

on

climbing

mountains

evenafter

this

experience.so…that…如此……以至于……so…that…+否定句=too…toe.g.

He

is

so

young

that

he

can’t

go

toschool.=

He

is

too

young

to

go

to

school.4.

You

helped

to

make

it

possible

for

me

tohave

Lucky.make

it

possible

todo

sth.使做某事成為可能語法情態(tài)動詞should的用法(Unit

1)should表示“應該；應當”，后跟動詞原形，沒有人稱和數的變化。should常用于提出意見或建議。e.g.

You

shouldhave

a

good

rest

first.反身代詞(Unit

1)反身代詞由“人稱代詞的賓格或形容詞性物主代詞+-self/-selves”構成,有人稱和數的變化，可譯為“本人；本身”，為加強語氣也常譯為“親自；自己”。反身代詞通常用在一些表達中：dress

oneselfenjoyoneself給自己穿衣服玩得開心help

oneself

to

sth.learn

by

oneself隨便吃點……自學teach

oneselfcut

oneself自學割/切著自己take

care

of

oneself

照顧自己hurt

oneself

傷著自己keep

...

to

oneself

保密動詞不定式(Unit

2)動詞不定式是由“to+動詞原形”構成的，有時to可以省略，它是非謂語動詞的一種。動詞不定式在句子中不能單獨作謂語，也

沒有人稱和數的變化，其否定結構是“notto+動詞原形”。動詞不定式在句中的作用作主語。動詞不定式作主語時，可用形式主語it代替，而把真正的主語——動詞不定式后置。如：To

drive

sofast

is

dangerous.=It

is

dangerous

to

drive

sofast.作表語。如：His

dream

is

to

be

a

doctor.3.不定式作賓語常見的后面可以接不定式作賓語的動詞有agree,choose,decide,expect,fail,holearn,prepare,offer,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish等。4.不定式作賓語補足語常見的后面可以接不定式作賓語補足語的

動詞有allow,ask,encourage,expect,inteach,tell,want,warn,wish等。e.g.The

teachertold

ustodo

Exercise

O使役動詞let,make,have和感動動詞see,hear,watch,notice,feel等詞后接不帶to不定式作賓語補足語。e.g.

We

often

hear

him

sing

on

theplayground.

作定語。動詞不定式作定語時，要放在所修飾詞的后面。如：The

best

way

to

learn

English

is

readingaloud.

作狀語。動詞不定式作狀語時，可表示目的、結果等。如：To

get

a

good

seat

she

arrived

at

the

halearly.(表示目的)The

boy

is

old

enough

to

take

care

ofhimself.(表示結果)注意：1.what,which,who,where,when,how等特殊疑問詞的不定式連用，在句中起名詞的作用，可以作賓語。e.g.

He

doesn’t

know

what

to

do

next.2.had

better,would

rather,have

nothingdo

but...,Why

not...?,Will/Would/

Could

you

please...?后面接不帶to的動詞不定式。e.g.

You

had

better

do

some

exerciseevery

day.A.

myselfC.

yourselfB.

ourselvesD.

yourselves中考鏈接1.

—I’m

afraid

I

won’t

pass

the

exam.—Come

on,

Bill.

You

should

believe

in

C

.That’s

the

secret

of

succe(2015江蘇連云港)Whenever

Mary

reads

an

interestingstory,shecan’tkeep

itDto

anwants

to

share

it

with

her

friends.

(20河南)A.

she

B.

her

C.

hers D.

herselfLast

month,

I

went

to

the

computermuseum

with

my

parents.

We

enjoyed

B

and

learned

a

lot.

(2015吉林)A.

us

B.

ourselves

C.

ourA.

saveC.

savingB.

to

saveD.

savedA.

not

leaveC.

leaveB.

not

to

leaveD.

to

leave4.When

you

leave,please

turn

off

thelights

B

energy.(2015山東泰安)5.We

advise

parents

B_B

theirchildren

at

home

alone

in

order

to

keepthem

away

from

danger.(2015廣東)6.

—So

beautiful

flowers!

I

can’t

decifor

my

mom.—For

Mother’s

Day,it

can’t

bebetter

to

take

somecarnations(康乃馨(2015福建福州)when

to

choosewhich

to

choosehow

to

chooseBIt’s

necessary

forAus

to

ourparents

when

we

have

problems.(2015湖南長沙)to

talktalkingtalk鞏固練習Ⅰ.根據句意及所給首字母提示，補全句中所缺單詞。We

often

see

thseisgn

of

“No

Smokingin

public

places.If

you

have

atotothache

,

please

go

to

sa

dentist.You

need

to

take

abrbeak

.

You’veplayed

computer

games

for

an

hour.Ⅱ.根據句意及括號內所給單詞的提示填空。When

my

brother

climbed

the

mountain,he

hurt

oneof

hisfeet

(foot).Please

help

me

buy

twoknives

(knife).need

them.Sue

always

has

problems

u_u_n_n_d_d_e_e_r_r_s_s_t_t_a_a_n_n_d_d_i_i_n_n_g_g (understand)

what

her

math

teachersaid

in

class.Look!

Leo

ist_r_a_i_n_i_n_g_(train)

his

pet

doI

wanted

to

thank

them

for

all

their_k_i_n_d_n_e_s_s(kind).Who

knows

what

caused

the

old

man’s

death

(dead)

last

night?When

Jenny

won

first

prize

in

thecompetition,

she

had

thfeeling

(feel)joy

and

pride.I

played

with

Frank’s

toy

car.

I

made

ittoo

fast

and

it

wabsroken

(break).III.寫出下列各題的劃線部分在句中所作的成分。Lisa’s

sister

found

a

good

way

to

lear

math.

定語_語

It’s

cold

today.

Bob

doesn’t

want

toplayouts賓id語e.

Mrs.

Steen’s

job

is

to

clean

all

the

of表fi語ces.

We

had

to

get

up

early

to

catch

the

earl

bus.

狀語

Sandy’s

mother

asked

her

to

buy

some

milk

in

the

shop.賓語補足語It’s

interesting

to

collect

old

photo

主語

IV.根據句意，用恰當的反身代詞填空。The

five-year-old

boy

can

look

after

h_h_i_i_m_m_s_s_e_e_l_l_f_f

verywell.The

world

itself

is

a

wonderfulplace.I

enjoyed

mys_s_e_e_l_l_f_f

chatting

with

myfriend

online.Be

careful

nottohuyroturselves

,

Lisaand

Kelly..We

don’t

need

any

help.

We