廣東省中考英語閱讀題型技巧-最全資料課件

得閱讀與寫作者得天下中考比例62.5%短文填空15閱讀理解30完形填空10讀寫綜合20閱讀步驟：1）掃讀全文。尤其是首尾兩段和每一段的首句（主題句），了解大意,理解文章的體裁（記敘文、議論文還是說明文）。2）瀏覽題干，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞3）細(xì)讀全文，找出與題干和選項(xiàng)有關(guān)的句子和段落，并加以仔細(xì)研讀。不可逐字逐句分析。這樣會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響閱讀速度及對(duì)整篇文章的把握。不要常回視已讀部分。這是缺乏信心、患得患失的心理所致，回視會(huì)降低閱讀速度和效率。切不可一遇生詞就查詞典。4）檢驗(yàn)答案答案做完后，回歸原文，檢查答題有無疏漏，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)照各題目推測(cè)判斷，確保無誤。閱讀題型1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題WhichofthefollowingisTRUE(NOTtrue)?notmentioned?Fromparagraph…,weknowthat______.)Accordingtothispassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient____.A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.ChinaNobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.2推理判斷題

1）.Whatcanyouconcludefromthis

passage?

你能從文中總結(jié)出什么？

2）.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards...？

作者對(duì)……的態(tài)度是什么？

3）.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat＿．我們可以從文中推出__________。4）Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea_________.5）Thewriterwritesthispassageto____.3.主旨大意題。1）.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?本文的主旨是什么？2）.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?文章主要講述什么？3）.Whatdoesthewritewanttotellus?作者想要告訴我們什么？4）.標(biāo)題問題：Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle?

文章的最佳標(biāo)題是哪個(gè)？4.詞義猜測(cè)題閱讀中的猜詞技巧閱讀理解中不可避免地會(huì)遇到一些生詞(有些是熟詞生義)，疑難語句。遇到這些問題，我們可用下面幾種方法解決：技巧1：根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、情景、語境來判斷Tomislazybuthisbrotherisindustrious.

)What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword”survive”inthepassage?A.繁殖B.產(chǎn)卵C.覓食D.生存Insectswithcolorsdifferentfromplantscaneasilybefoundandeatenbyothers.Soinordertosurvive,theyhavetohidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight.刻苦的、勤奮的情景語境What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinewords“fashiondesigners”inthepassage?A.珠寶設(shè)計(jì)師 B.發(fā)型設(shè)計(jì)師 C.舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)師 D.服裝設(shè)計(jì)師

FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.

.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“UVrays”mean?A.沙塵 B.閃電 C.紫外線D.超聲波

Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightformUVrays.

技巧2：根據(jù)定義和釋義來推測(cè)Sheisstudyingglaucoma，akindofdiseaseontheeyes.我們可能猜不出glaucoma的確切詞義，但通過后面的解釋可知道glaucoma(青光眼)是一種眼睛疾病。)Theunderlinedwordroyalmightmean_____inChinese.A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中產(chǎn)的D.平民的Theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.文章的主旨大意——主題：SomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina,itisforinternationallaws.triedtochangepeople’slifeDealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Waterusuallyboilsat100centigrade.DoItYourself-DIYAcquiredimmunitydeficiencysyndrome-AIDSbreakfast+lunch-brunch早午餐技巧3：根據(jù)常識(shí)來推測(cè)“假話說多了也成真”ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.中產(chǎn)的D.)Accordingtothispassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient____.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.SomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina,itisforinternationallaws.技巧3：根據(jù)常識(shí)來推測(cè)Waterusuallyboilsat100centigrade.眾所周知，水的沸點(diǎn)是100攝氏度，由此不難判斷出centigrade的意思是“攝氏度”。技巧4：運(yùn)用構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行猜測(cè)ThecolorsofHawaiiinsummerareunforgettable.

構(gòu)詞法：合成法轉(zhuǎn)化法縮略法混成法合成方式

例詞合成動(dòng)詞oversleep睡過頭underline在下面劃線moonwalk月球行走合成代詞everybody每個(gè)人anyone任何人somebody某個(gè)人nothing沒有東西合成介詞outside在......外邊inside在......里邊throughout遍及合成法轉(zhuǎn)化法:一個(gè)單詞由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性。轉(zhuǎn)化方式

例詞n.-v.watch手表/觀看hand手/遞book書/預(yù)訂dress連衣裙/穿衣smell氣味/聞taste味道/嘗doubt疑問/懷疑n.-adj.right右邊/對(duì)的light光線/輕的final決賽/最后的v.-adj.clean打掃/干凈的close關(guān)上/近的open打開/開著的slow變慢/慢的dry弄干/干的wrong冤枉/錯(cuò)誤的narrow使變窄/狹窄的adj.-adv.enough足夠的/足夠地hard艱苦的/努力地late晚的/遲到

縮略法：把原有的詞匯縮短，使讀音和寫法呈現(xiàn)出新的形式。

剪切形式列詞剪切掉原詞的開始部分Telephone-phone電話airplane-plane飛機(jī)剪切掉原詞的末尾部分Examination-exam考試剪切掉原詞的兩端Influenza-flu流感剪切掉原詞的中間部分Year-yr年foot/ft英尺Greek-GK希臘首字母省略剪切形式例詞按首字母拼讀的縮略詞VeryImportantPerson-VIPDoItYourself-DIY像單詞一樣拼讀的首字母縮略詞Acquiredimmunitydeficiencysyndrome-AIDSNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization-NATO北大西洋公約組織星期、月份縮寫詞Sun.Mon.Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri.SatJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.Jun.Jun.Aug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.符號(hào)縮寫詞number-No.percent-%forexample-e.g.andsoon-etc混成法breakfast+lunch-brunch早午餐smoke+fog-smog煙霧motor+hotel-motel汽車旅館news+broadcast-newscast新聞廣播llikeEnglishsomuch.

“假話說多了也成真”

文章的主旨大意——主題：

1.看文章標(biāo)題(包括小標(biāo)題).

2找主題句(常出現(xiàn)在首段或尾段處，

若沒有則應(yīng)結(jié)合各段主題句進(jìn)行歸納)

Step1:主旨題.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-wasteC.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste√ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjob…示范1,2段主題句Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.news+broadcast-newscast新聞廣播Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Ithastodealwith1.Theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.)Accordingtothispassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient____.percent-%everybody每個(gè)人anyone任何人somebody某個(gè)人nothing沒有東西Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.示范3段主題句TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn’tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.示范4段主題句Step2：細(xì)節(jié)題.怎樣尋找細(xì)節(jié)?1.找出關(guān)鍵詞2.快速定位(鎖定信息來源).3.忽略無關(guān)內(nèi)容.62.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia√

Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Carefulreading示范怎樣尋找細(xì)節(jié)?1.找出關(guān)鍵詞2.快速定位(鎖定信息來源).3.忽略無關(guān)內(nèi)容.63.ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince__.A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollutionC.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste√

ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince__.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.Carefulreading示范64.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment_________.A.triedtochangepeople’slifeB.closedsomecomputercompliesC.makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers√Thisyear,theChinesegovernment___.TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn’tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.Carefulreading示范怎樣猜詞?1.找出關(guān)鍵詞2.快速定位(鎖定信息來源).3.結(jié)合前一句或后一句猜測(cè)詞義65.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans______inthepassage.A.焚燒B.障礙C.回收D.掩埋√Step3:猜詞題.62.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans____inthepassage.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.Carefulreading示范Whichofthefollowingistrue？

A.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itcanbeburiedintheearthsimply.B.SomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina,itisforinternationallaws.C.InGuiYu,plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintoriversD.TheearthandtheriversinGuiyuarefine.Step4:細(xì)節(jié)推理題.√Step4:細(xì)節(jié)推理題.如何完成細(xì)節(jié)推理?1.找出各個(gè)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞2.逐一快速定位(鎖定信息來源).3.選項(xiàng)與原文進(jìn)行一一對(duì)比A.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itcanbeburiedintheearthsimplyThingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.Carefulreading示范B.Somedevelopedcountieshaveshippedb