初中狀語從句講解及習題附答案

僅供個人參考僅供個人參考不得用于商業(yè)用途不得用于商業(yè)用途僅供個人參考不得用于商業(yè)用途（一）狀語從句概述定義狀語從句用作狀語，是起副詞作用的句子。位置狀語從句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，時間、條件、原因和讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用逗號和主句隔開。分類根據(jù)其作用可以分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、讓步、方式和比較等狀語從句。作用它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語和整個句子。（二）狀語從句詳解1.時間狀語從句引導詞用法示例when意為“當…的時候”。When引導從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是瞬間動詞。并且when有時表示“就在那時”Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhespeaksthetruth.說謊者講真話時也沒有人相信。Whenhearrives,I’llcallyou.Whenyoulaughandsmile,yourbodyrelaxes.while意為“在…的時候，在…的同時”。While引導從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時間較長，并強調主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生（或者相對應）。While有時還可以表示對比。WhileIwasstandingatthewindow,Isawseveralboysrunningalongthestreet.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.as意為“一邊…一邊…”。As引導的動作是延續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時間較短，一般用于主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生；as也可以強調一前一后。ThewriterwasangryashewastravellingonatraintoLondonbecausesomeonehadinvadedhis“space”.Hesmiledashestoodup.after意為“在…之后”。表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句與從句的動作時間關系與before引導的從句相反。Withmanyhungryvisitorswaiting,don’tstaytoolongatyourtableafteryouhavefinished.Ifanearlyexitisnecessary,youcanleaveafterasceneisover.before意為“在…之前”。引導的從句不用否定形式的謂語，并且當before引導的從句位于主句之后，有時譯成“就，才”。當主句用將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時；如果before引導的從句謂語用的是過去時，則主句動詞多用過去完成時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作的先后。Youcan’twatchTVbeforeyoufinishyourhomework.Beforeitended,thetheatrewasalmostempty.MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived.till意為“直到”。一般情況下可以和until互換。如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。Shedidn’tevenknowthatitwasanearthquaketillshesawashaking(movingfromsidetoside)light.Thefiremanworkedveryhardtillthefirewasout.until意為“直到”。在強調句型中多用until。如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。I’mwaitingformysister.Iwon’tgotoseemyuncleuntilshecomes.WaituntilIfinishwhatIamdoing.since意為“自從，從…以來”。引導從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，也可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在Itis+時間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。IhavebeenstudyinghardsinceIenteredthehighschool.ItisfouryearssincemysisterlivedinBeijing.ItisfiveyearsmonthssinceourbosswasnotinBeijing.assoonas意為“一…就…”。引導時間狀語從句時，如果主句用了將來時，從句一般使用現(xiàn)在時。Tomwillcallmeassoonashegetshome.IwillcallyouassoonasIarrive.2.地點狀語從句引導詞用法示例where意為“哪里”。“where引導的地點狀語從句，（there+）主句”“哪里…哪里就…”。主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theyweregoodpersons.Wheretheywent,theretheywerewarmlywelcomed.Youshouldhaveputthebookwhereyoufoundit.wherever意為“無論何地”。anywhere/wherever引導地點狀語從句+主句。anywhere本身是個副詞，但是?？梢砸龑木?，相當于連詞，意思相當于wherever,anywhere引導的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。Wherevertheseais,youwillfindseaman.I’llgoanywhereyougo.3.條件狀語從句引導詞用法示例if連詞，意為“假如，如果”。當主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Don’ttalkloudlyatthemeeting.Ifyoudo,youwillhavetoleave.We’llgoforapicnicifitdoesn’trainthisweekend.unless連詞，意為“除非（=ifnot）。當主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyouareaskedtodoso.Iwon’tgothereunlessyoucomewithme.4.原因狀語從句引導詞用法示例as意為“因為”。引導原因狀語從句時表示附帶。說明“雙方已知的原因”，語氣比since弱，較為正式，位置較為靈活（常放于主句之前）。Astheweatheriscold,Istayathome.Asitisraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.Asyouaretired,you’dbetterrest.since意為“因為”。引導的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、顯然的理由（通常被翻譯成“既然”），較為正式，語氣比because弱。Sincetheearthlookslikeaball,thesuncanshineononlyhalfofitatatime.SincetheraceisinApril,Ihadtorunthroughoutthewinter,andinBoston,wintersarecold.Sinceeverybodyishere.Let'sbeginourmeeting.because意為“因為”。引導的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，語氣較強，最適合why引導的疑問句。Because引導的原因狀語從句有時可以與becauseof短語互換。Thewomanpreferswinterbecauseshecanskate.I’dliketocollectstampsbecausetheyareinteresting.I’mverytiredthesedaysbecauseofstudyingphysics.Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.=Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.for意為“因為”。引導的原因狀語從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些輔助性的補充說明，for引導的原因狀語從句只能放于主句之后，并且必須用逗號將其與主句隔開。Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.Hecouldnothaveseenme,forIwasnotthere.5.目的狀語從句引導詞用法示例sothat意為“以至，以便”。目的狀語的謂語常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情態(tài)動詞。Trytospeakloudenoughsothatpeoplecanhearyouclearly.Mr.Greenspeaksveryloudlysothatallthepeoplecanhearhimclearly.inorderthat意為“為了”，相當于sothat.inorderto后面可以跟動詞原形構成目的狀語，不是目的狀語從句。Weshallletyouknowthedetailssooninorderthatyoucan/maymakeaarrangements.6.結果狀語從句引導詞用法示例so…that意為“如此…以至于…”。so+adj./adv.原級+that,so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞和副詞。so還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many,few,much,little(這四個形容詞表示多或少時)連用,形成固定搭配。so+many或few+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that;so+much或little+不可數(shù)名詞+that.ThisyearithasrainedsoheavilyinSouthChinathatlotsofproblemsarecaused.Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldn’tskateonit.Toooften,wespendsomuchtimethinkingaboutthefuturethatwefailtoenjoythepresent.TherearesofewnotebooksthatIcan’tgiveyouany.such..that意為“如此…以至于…”。有三種結構：such+a(an)+adj.+單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞+that;such(+adj.)+不可數(shù)名詞+that;such(+adj.)+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that,such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組。有時可與so…that句型轉換。It’ssuchawonderfulsongthatwealllikeit.Simonissuchdishonestpersonthatnoonebelieveshim.Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschool.7.讓步狀語從句引導詞用法示例though意為“雖然”。不能和but連用。但是可以同yet(still)連用，構成though…yet(still).though較普遍，常用于非正式的口語和書面語中。even能和though組合表示強調，在這里eventhough=evenif(nomatterif;though即使…也…)。though可以獨立用作副詞，常放在句末，意為allthesame(還是；仍然)或however(可是；然而)。Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisn'tstrongatall.Thoughtheyaretwinbrothers,theydon’tlooklikeeachother.Evenif/Eventhoughwecouldaffordit,wewouldaffordit,wewouldn’tgoabroadforourvacation.although意為“雖然”。不能和but連用。但是可以同yet(still)連用，構成although…yet(still).although較為正式，語氣比though重，常用以強調讓步概念。even不能和although組合。Althoughhediedseveralyearsago,Icanstillrememberthedayswespenttogetherandwhathehastaughtmeaboutlove.Althoughwehadlittlefoodwithus,wedecidedtospendthenightinthecar.8.比較狀語從句引導詞用法示例as…as...意為“和…一樣”。表示同級的比較。使用時要注意第一個as為副詞，第二個as為連詞。其基本結構為：as+adj./adv.原級+as。若有修飾成分，如twice,threetimes,half,aquarter等，則須置于第一個as之前。Sheisverygoodatpainting.Shecanpaintaswellashereteacher.Iranoutasquicklyaspossible.notas/so…as意為“和…不一樣，不如”。也表示同級比較。Sheisnotso(as)outgoingashersister.Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.9.方式狀語從句引導詞用法示例as/(just)as...so…意為“猶如，就像”。引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as...so…結構中位于句首，這時as從句帶有比喻的含義，意為“正如…，就像”，多用于正式文體。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Aswateristofish,soairistoman.asif/asthough意為“就像，好像”。兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反，有時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或實現(xiàn)的可能性較大。常譯作“仿佛…似的，好像…似的”。Ifwouldneverforgetheresmile,orthewayhereyesshoneasifwewerethesameage.Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.練習一一.單項填空1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helping4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got二.根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1.不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.2.布魯斯太太對學生非常親切，以至于學生把她當做母親。MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.3.只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.4.你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.5.這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅持練習兩年了。Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.6.雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學英語。___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.7.他長大后相當一名記者。Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.8.無論刮風下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.9.如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻，世界將會變得更美好。______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.10.李明昨天沒來上學，因為他病了。LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.練習二1.Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if2.Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until3.Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when4.He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;toC.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to5.He___backuntilthework___done.A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is6.Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if7.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto8.I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves9.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came10.Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought"'11.Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft12.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see13.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang14.Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread15.I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;goneC.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone16.Tom___Chinafor3years.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat17.Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose18.-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway19.I___himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow20.ZhaoLan___already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying21.Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if22MayIsitnearer___Icanseemoreclearly?A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so23.___youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For24.___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After25.I'dliketogoswimming_____thewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether26.Thereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as27.-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras28.Suzhouisnot____beautiful____Hangzhou.A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than29.Ironismoreuseful___anyothermetal.A.asB.thanC.thenD.so30.Iwanttoknow___sheisgoingtoseeafilm.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which31.Youaresuretopasstheexam___youstudyhard.A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.since32.I'llgotoseethefilmwithyou___Ihavetimethisevening.A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when33.___youstudyharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except34.Althoughitwasraining,stillworkedinthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.andyetthey35.___therewereonlyfivesoldiersleftatthefront,___theywentonfighting.A.Because;soB.If;andC.Though;butD.Though;/36.___sheisveryold,___shecanstillworkeighthoursaday.A.Because;soB.Though;butC.As;yetD.Though;yet37.Pleaseanswerthequestioninaloudenoughvoice___alltheclassmayhear.A.so,thatB.orC.inorderthatD.and38.Liftitup___Imayseeit.A.thoughB.sothatC.asD.than39.Ihurried___Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.soB.sothat