譯林版（2019）必修第二冊Unit 2 Be Sporty Be Healthy 知識點導學案

必修二U2Besporty,behealthy【W(wǎng)elcometotheunit】1.Asoundmindstarsfromasoundbody.Howcanaweakbodydevelopasoundmind？--CaiYuanpei有健全之身體，始有健全之精神；若身體柔弱，則思想精神何由發(fā)達？—蔡元培【知識點一】sound(1)adj.健康的2.Whatanimalisbestathittingbaseballs?Abat!什么動物最擅長打棒球？蝙蝠！【知識點一】bat/b?t/(1)n.蝙蝠;球棒,球板(2)vt.&vi.用球棒（板）擊球【Reading】1.Whatmightpreventpeoplefromstartingexercise?什么可能會阻止人們開始鍛煉?【知識點一】prevent…from(1)阻止…,阻礙…(2)阻止...做...:prevent+賓語+（from）doingstop+賓語+（from）doingkeep+賓語+fromdoingban+賓語+fromdoing禁止…做注意：在以上結構中，被動語態(tài)里from均不可以省去，在主動語態(tài)中prevent與stop后面的from可省略，但在keep…fromdoing結構中的from不能省略。另外，keepsb.doing的意思是“讓某人一直做”。[練習]（1）Weshouldmakeeveryefforttopreventschoolviolencefrom____________（happen）.（2）Wemustdowhatwecan_________（prevent）theriversfrombeingpollutedbyfactories.（3）Byslowlycuttingdeeperanddeepercurves（[k??v]曲線）,youpreventtheglass_________breakingasitchangesshape.2.Congratulations!Youhavejusttakenyourfirststeptowardsanewandimprovedyou!恭喜!你已經(jīng)向一個全新的、更好的自我邁出了第一步!【知識點一】congratulation/k?n?ɡr?t?u?le??n/(1)n.祝賀,恭喜;賀詞;恭賀常見搭配：congratulationstosb.onsth.祝賀某人某事Congratulations!祝賀你!（口語）offer/sendcongratulationstosb.（onsth.）向某人祝賀（某事）(2)congratulatev.祝賀,向…道賀;感到自豪常見搭配：congratulatesb.on/uponsth./doingsth.就（做）某事向某人祝賀注意：congratulation用作祝賀語時，通常用復數(shù)形式；表示“祝賀”這一抽象意義時，通常用單數(shù)形式。[練習]（1）--IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.--__________________（congratulate）!That'sgoodnews.（2）Icongratulate_________（I）onhavingchosenagoodwomantobemywife.（3）你應該為你出色的工作感到自豪。Youcan____________________________________havingdoneanexcellentjob.3.Understandingthebenefitsofexercise了解鍛煉的好處【知識點一】benefit(1)n.優(yōu)勢;益處;成效常見搭配：forone’sbenefit＝forthebenefitofsb.為了幫助某人;為了某人的利益(2)v.得益于;得利于;使受益常見搭配：benefitsb./sth.對某人/物有益benefitfrom/by從…中受益(3)beneficialadj.有利的,有益的常見搭配：beofbenefitto＝bebeneficialto對…有益[練習]（1）Whenitcomesto_________benefitofvolunteering,alotofpeoplethinkit'sallaboutthewarmfeelingafterhelpingsomeone.（2）Itis_________greatbenefittoshareyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.（3）Pleasegotothecountry.Ithinkthefreshairthereis_________（benefit）toyou.4.Mostpeopleassumethatregularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind-butwhatexactlyareitshealthbenefits?大多數(shù)人認為定期鍛煉對身心有奇效,但它對健康究竟有什么好處呢?【知識點一】assume/??sju?m/(1)vt.假定,假設,認為;承擔(責任),擔任,就(職)；呈現(xiàn),顯露常見搭配：assumesb./sth.tobe…認為某人/事…assuming（that）…假設…（引導條件狀語從句）Itisassumedthat…據(jù)認為…(2)assumptionn.假定,假設;常見搭配：ontheassumptionthat…假定…maketheassumption/assumptionsthat…作關于…的推測/假設[練習]（1）Somecyclistsmaketheassumption_________trafficlawsdonotapplytothem,butthisisnottrue.（2）_________wasassumedthatallhumankindcoulddowastoadapttotherapidlychangingconditions.（3）Weareworking_________theassumptionthattheconference（[?k?nf?r?ns]會議）willtakeplaceasplanned.（4）____________________________________（人們認為）thosepeoplewouldbemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.5.Ithasalsobeenproventhatactivepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.事實也證明,定期運動的人往往會有更好的免疫系統(tǒng),患病的風險較低?！局R點一】Ithasalsobeenproventhat...事實證明......常用于該結構的過去分詞還有reported,said,known,believed,thought,announced,expected,stated等注意：上述結構可改為Sb./Sth.besaid/thought/believed/hoped…todo/tobedoing/tohavedone。[練習]（1）Itis_________（report）thattheenemyweretenmilesaway.（2）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1）Itissupposedthatheisworkinginthatbigcompany.→He____________________________________workinginthatbigcompany.2）ItissaidthatTomhaswrittenanewbookaboutworkers.→Tom_____________________________________________newbookaboutworkers.3）Itisthoughtthatshehelpsthepeopleinneed.→She__________________thepeopleinneed.【知識點二】tend(1)v.往往會;趨向;趨于;照顧;護理常見搭配：tendtodosth.常常會做某事;傾向于做某事tendto/towards…趨向…;傾向…tend（to）sb./sth.（＝lookaftersb./sth.）照顧某人/事;護理某人/事(2)vt.&vi.照看;護理常見搭配：tend（to）sb照顧某人(3)tendencyn.傾向;偏好常見搭配：haveatendencytodosth.傾向于做某事[練習]（1）ThesortofmusicIlistentovaries（[?ve?ri]不同）,butItend_________ourfolkmusic.（2）Peoplehavea_________（tend）toplacetoomuchemphasis（[?emf?s?s]強調(diào)）onwhatexpertssay.（3）Ambulance（[??mbj?l?ns]救護車）crews（[kru?]全體工作人員）were_________（tend）totheinjured（[??nd??d]傷員）.（4）這些植物大多生長在偏遠的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)。Theseplants___________________________togrowinrural（[?r??r?l]農(nóng)村的）areas.【知識點三】immune/??mju?n/(1)adj.有免疫力;不受影響的;免除的5.Whenyouplananexerciseroutine,thefirstthingtoconsideriswhatyouexpecttoimprove.當你制定鍛煉計劃時，首先要考慮的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善?！局R點一】routine/ru??ti?n/(1)n.常規(guī),慣例常見搭配：followtheroutine遵守常規(guī)(2)adj.常規(guī)的,例行的;乏味的6.Flexibilitytraining,includinggymnasticsandtaichi,helpsstretchyourmusclesandimproveyourbody'srangeofmovement.體操和太極拳等柔韌性訓練有助于伸展肌肉,加大身體活動范圍?！局R點一】gymnastics/d??m?n?st?ks/n.體操,體操訓練gymnasium/d??m?ne?zi?m/n.體育館，健身房（縮寫：gym）【知識點二】stretch/stret?/(1)vt.&vi.伸展,舒展;拉長;伸出;（使）延伸【知識點三】muscle/?m?sl/(1)n.肌肉,肌【知識點四】range/re?nd?/(1)n.一系列;范圍,界限;射程;視覺（或聽覺）范圍常見搭配：arangeof一系列,各種in/withinrange（ofsth.）在（某物的）范圍內(nèi)outof/beyondrange（ofsth.）超出（某物的）范圍(2)vi.變化,變動;包括（各種不同的人或物）vt.（按一定位置或順序）排列,排序常見搭配：rangefrom…to…從…到…;在…到…范圍之間變化rangebetween…and…在…到…之間rangeinage/size/pricefrom…to…年齡/尺寸/價格在…到…間變動注意：range作名詞時還可以表示"山脈",amountainrange意為"一條山脈"。[練習]（1）Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_________（range）frombutterfliestoelephants.（2）Brookssurveysawiderange_________disciplines（[?d?s?pl?nz]學科）tofindthereasonwhysomestudentsarehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren’t.（3）Thepricerangesbetween＄25_________＄400.（4）Itis_________rangeofmyability,soI'msorryIcan’thelpyou.（5）在這本小冊子里,你可以看到各種名牌運動鞋的最新款式,價格從60美元到200美元不等。Inthesmallbrochure（[?br????(r)]）,youcanseethelatestmodelsofsneakers（[?sni?k?(r)]）ofdifferentfamousbrands,____________________________________＄60to＄200.【知識點五】movement/?mu?vm?nt/(1)n.活動,轉(zhuǎn)動;移動;運動7.Aboveall,chooseactivitiesyouenjoybecause,inthisway,you’remorelikelytostickwiththem.最重要的是,選擇你喜歡的活動,因為這樣你更有可能堅持下去?！局R點一】stickwith(1)堅持,持續(xù)（及物動詞短語,后面要帶賓語）(2)與stick相關短語：stickat堅持不懈地做stickout伸出;突出,顯眼stickto堅持（真理等）,堅持干（某事）,忠于（to為介詞）stickup豎起;向上突起stickupfor為…辯護,支持,擁護get/bestuckin（＝get/becaughtin）被陷在…,被卡在…stickbysb（當某人做錯事或遇到困難時）繼續(xù)支持;忠于某人[練習]（1）Stick_________meuntilwegetoutofthecrowd.（2）Ifyoustick_________thetruth,youwillhavenothingtofear.（3）Perhapsheshouldhavestuck_________writing.（4）陷在雪里的汽車發(fā)動不起來。Thecar____________________________________snowcouldn’tstart.8.Foodslikenoodles,rice,fruitandvegetablesgiveyourbodyplentyofcarbohydratestokeepupyourenergyduringalongworkout.像面條、大米、水果和蔬菜這樣的食物給你的身體提供大量的碳水化合物,它們可以在長時間的鍛煉中維持你的能量供給?！局R點一】carbohydrate/?kɑ?b???ha?dre?t/(1)n.碳水化合物,糖類【知識點二】energy/?en?d?i/(1)n.[U]能,能量;能源;活力[pl.]精力常見搭配：fullofenergy精力充沛;充滿活力nuclear（[?nju?kli?(r)]）/solar（[?s??l?(r)]）/renewableenergy核能/太陽能/可再生能源(2)energeticadj.精力充沛的;充滿活力的(3)辨析：易混詞含義例句energy指人的"精力",也指"能量;活力",多用作不可數(shù)名詞It’sawasteoftimeandenergy.strength著重指人的"體力",也指"實力;優(yōu)勢"Hepushedagainsttherockwithallhisstrength.force指外力或武力,也指物理意義上的"力"Theriotersweretakenawaybyforce.power泛指一切力量、能力、權力等,側重本領或職權Thepartycametopoweratthelastelection.[練習]（1）Youare____________（energy）.Canyoutellmethesecret?（2）許多國家正在增加對天然氣、風能和其他形式能源的使用。Manycountriesareincreasingtheiruseofnaturalgas,_______________________________________________________________.（3）用energy,strength,force或power的適當形式填空1）Intheolddays,manykingscameto_________by_________.2）Everyonehashisown_________andweaknesses.3）Withtimeand_________saved,childrencanpursue（[p??sju?]追求）theirowninterests.9.Whentoeatisalsoofgreatimportance.什么時候吃也很重要?！局R點一】isofgreatimportance很重要be+of+n.結構在句中可以做表語或后置定語。該結構根據(jù)是否有對應的形容詞可以分為兩類:①可以轉(zhuǎn)化為同根形容詞的:此時,"of+名詞"結構用來說明句子的主語所具有的作用、重要性或意義等。這類名詞有value,importance,use,help,benefit,significance（[s?ɡ?n?f?k?ns]重要性）等,名詞前可用great,little,some,no,much等來修飾,用來說明程度。E.g.Themeetingisofgreatimportance.＝Themeetingisveryimportant.②不可以轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的:此時,"of+名詞"結構用來說明句子的主語在重量、大小、顏色、類別等方面的特征。這類名詞有colour,age,size,height,length（[le?kθ]）,weight,shape,type,quality等,名詞前可用different,thesame,a(n)等來修飾。E.g.Coinsmaybeofdifferentsizes,weights,shapesandmetals.③"beof+抽象名詞"結構的否定形式一般采用否定名詞的做法,即"beofno+名詞"。E.g.AsfarasthestudyofEnglishwasconcerned,whathesaidwasofnouse.[練習]（1）Mothers’labour（[?le?b?(r)]勞動）is_________highervaluethanitisrealized.（2）Whathesaidatthemeetingwas___________________________（很有價值）.（3）Thediscoveryofthenewdrugis___________________________（非常重要）topeoplewhosufferfromhearttrouble.（4）Pleasegivethesethingstocharities.Theyare___________________________（沒有用）tome.（5）MysisterandIare___________________________（一樣高）.9.Ingeneral,youshouldhaveyourmealanaverageof1.5to2.5hoursbeforeexercising.一般來說,你應該在進食后平均等上1.5到2.5個小時再運動。【知識點一】averagen.平均數(shù);一般水準;平均水平常見搭配：anaverageof…平均有…theaverageof……的平均數(shù)uptotheaverage達到平均水平on（an/the）average平均來看above/below（the）average在平均水平以上/以下adj.平均的;正常的,普通的;典型的(3)linkingv.平均為注意：“anaverageof+復數(shù)名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；“theaverageof+復數(shù)名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。[練習]（1）_________average,wereceivefiveletterseachday.（2）Thepricesarealittle_________average,butthey’reofthehighestquality.（3）寫出average在句子中的詞性和詞義1）Scientistsbelievetheworld’saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1990._______________2）Theboatsremainatseaforanaverageoftendaysatatime._______________3）Therewasnothingspecialaboutthemeal;itwasaverage._______________10.Remembertodrinkthroughoutexercisetomakeupforwaterlosttosweat.記住運動時全程都要喝水,以彌補流汗所造成的水分流失?！局R點一】throughout/θru??a?t/(1)prep.&adv.自始至終;各處,遍及(2)常見搭配：throughoutthenight一整夜throughoutone’slife某人畢生;某人的一生中throughoutthecountry遍及全國(3)辨析：through與throughoutthrough意為"穿過;貫穿";throughout意為"在…各處;遍及",比through更強調(diào)"完全"。throughout與allthrough或者allover同義。throughouttheworld/allovertheworld/allthroughtheworld全世界【知識點二】makeupfor(1)補償,彌補(2)與make相關的短語：makeup構成,組成;編造;創(chuàng)作;布置;化妝;和好,和解bemadeupof由…構成,組成makeout理解;辨清bemadeof/from由…制成(3)辨析：makeup與makeupformakeup和makeupfor都有"彌補"的意思。區(qū)別在于:makeup表示彌補耽誤了的事或補上、湊齊某事物。側重于用謊言或不實的東西掩蓋。makeupfor表示用其他方式來進行彌補,使其平衡（彌補因過去某些原因而耽誤的時間或?qū)δ橙说奶澢罚┎粌H僅是說"用某物去彌補某物"。[練習]（1）Ithinkit'sveryunkindofyoutomake_________storiesabouthim.（2）Herbeautycan’tmakeup_________herstupidity（[stju??p?d?ti]愚蠢）.（3）Iheardthevoices,butcouldn’tmake_________whattheyweresaying.（4）醫(yī)療隊由十二名醫(yī)生組成。Themedicalteam____________________________________twelvedoctors.（5）好天氣彌補了組織上的不足。Thegoodweather___________________________thebadorganization.【知識點三】sweat/swet/n.汗水vi.&vi.出汗,流汗sweatyadj.被汗水濕透的10.Avoidinginjury避免受傷【知識點一】injury/??nd??ri/(1)n.傷害,損傷常見搭配：dosb.aninjury傷害某人beaninjurytosb.傷害…;危害…;對…有害(2)injurev.損害;傷害(3)injuredadj.受傷的常見搭配：theinjured傷員getinjured受傷(4)辨析：易混詞含義例句injury多指對身體、機能等的傷害,尤指意外事故中的"傷害"Heescapedfromthetrainwreckwithoutinjury.wound多指戰(zhàn)斗、攻擊中所造成的"傷;傷口"Thesoldierreceivedawoundintheleg.hurt普通用語,多指精神上的"創(chuàng)傷"Therewashurtandangerinhervoice.harm多指給人的身體或精神帶來的"傷害"Hewouldneverfrightenanyoneorcausethemanyharm.[練習]（1）--Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyour_________（injure）?--ShesaidIshouldavoiddoingtoomuchexercise.（2）車禍中小汽車司機的胳膊和腿受到嚴重的傷害。Thedriverofthecarreceived__________________tothearmsandlegsinthetrafficaccident.11.Topreventsofttissueinjury,makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising.為了防止軟組織受傷,在運動時一定要穿合適的衣服并配備適當?shù)难b備?！局R點一】prevent/pr??vent/(1)vt.阻止,阻礙常見搭配：preventsbfromdoing…阻止某人做某事(2)preventionn.阻止【知識點二】tissue/?t??u?/(1)n.（人、動植物細胞的）組織;（尤指用作手帕的）紙巾,手巾紙【知識點三】equipment/??kw?pm?nt/(1)n.設備[U];配備,裝備常見搭配：apieceofequipment一件設備firefightingequipment消防設備officeequipment辦公設備(2)equipv.裝備;配備;使有知識和技能;使能夠勝任常見搭配：equip…with…用…裝備…;為…配備…beequippedwith…裝備…;具備…equiponeselfwithsth.使自己準備好某物equipsb.for（doing）sth.使某人為（做）某事而準備equipsth.for…為…而裝備某物beequippedtodo配有裝備以做…well/poorlyequipped裝備精良的/較差的[練習]（1）Isitapieceof_________（equip）forthekitchen?（2）Itisrequiredthatallthevehicle（[?vi??kl]車輛）companiesshouldequiptheircars_________safetybelts.（3）你的培訓將使你能夠為將來的工作做好準備。Yourtrainingwill_________you_________yourfuturejob.為了考試,請給自己準備一支鋒利的鉛筆和一塊橡皮。Please___________________________asharppencilandarubberfortheexam.【知識點三】whenexercisingthat賓語從句中省略形式的時間狀語從句,補充完整為whenyouareexercising狀語從句的省略句式：一般來說,省略現(xiàn)象常出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語從句中:由when,while,as,till,until,once等引導的時間狀語從句;由if,unless等引導的條件狀語從句;由though,although,evenif,whatever等引導的讓步狀語從句;由as,than等引導的比較狀語從句;由as,asif,asthough等引導的方式狀語從句。上述狀語從句在省略時,要遵循以下原則:①當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致且從句中含有be動詞的某種形式時,可以省略狀語從句的主語和be動詞,這時從句中可以出現(xiàn)如下結構:連詞+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞連詞+過去分詞連詞+不定式E.g.Workhardwhen（youare）young,oryou’llregret.②當從句的主語與主句的主語不一致,但從句的主語是it,從句中又含有be動詞的某種形式時,可以把it和be動詞一起省略。E.g.If（itis）necessary,Iwillcometoseeyouofftomorrow.③掌握下列短語:ifany如果有的話;ifso如果是這樣的話;ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話;ifnot如果不這樣的話。E.g.Whataction,ifany,doyoutake?注意：對狀語從句的省略的考查主要是讓考生判斷連詞后面用哪種非謂語形式，解這類題的關鍵是要弄清楚從句中的動詞與其邏輯主語(即主句的主語)之間的關系，如果是主謂關系通常要用現(xiàn)在分詞，如果是動賓關系通常要用過去分詞。[練習]（1）Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_________（carry）outregularly,canimproveourhealth.（2）--Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?--Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorderas_________（tell）.（3）Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecar’sengine.If_________,we’dbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.（4）Unless_________（invite）,hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.（5）Once_________（publish）,hisworkbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.（6）Youshouldbecarefulwhile_________（cross）theroad.Shegavemeacomfortingsmile,nodded___________________________（當耐心地聽的時候）,andthenprintedouttheticketimmediately.__________________（如果有必要）,youshouldturntoyourparentsforhelp.12.Othersworkoutforhoursattheweekendtomakeupfortheirlackofexerciseduringtheweekdays.另一些人在工作日缺乏鍛煉，作為彌補，他們在周末鍛煉幾個小時?！局R點一】lack/l?k/(1)n.缺乏；短缺；匱乏常見搭配：（a）lackof...缺乏......forlackof因缺乏…(2)vt.&vi.沒有,缺乏,不足,短缺常見搭配：lack（for）nothing沒有欠缺lackingadj.缺少的；不足的；不在場；得不到常見搭配：belackingin缺少（后加表示抽象概念的名詞,如patience,confidence）注意：lack可作及物動詞，后直接跟賓語，但通常不用于被動語態(tài)[練習]（1）Thetripwascancelledthroughlack_________interest.（2）_________（lack）inexperience,helostthejob.（3）因為沒錢,這個人小時候沒有上學。1）Themandidn’tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehe___________________________（lackv.）2）Themandidn’tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoung____________________________________（lackn.）【Grammarandusage】1.WearehappytoannouncethattheCommunitySportsCentrewillsoonbeopentothepubliconceagain!我們很高興地宣布,社區(qū)體育中心不久將再次向公眾開放!【知識點一】announce/??na?ns/(1)vt.宣布;宣告（決定,計劃等）;通知;聲稱常見搭配：announcesth.（tosb.）（向某人）宣布/宣告某事Itisannouncedthat...據(jù)宣布......(2)announcementn.（一項）公告；布告；通告；宣布常見搭配：makeanannouncement發(fā)布公告(3)announcern.播音員注意：announce后不能跟雙賓語，即沒有announcesb.sth.結構，應用announcesth.tosb.。(4)辨析：易混詞區(qū)別例句announce多指提前宣布或公開宣告大家關心的事或某事預示著……的到來Wearepleasedtoannouncethatallfivecandidatesweresuccessful.declare[d??kle?(r)]一般指在正式場合宣布官方的立場或態(tài)度，后面可跟復合賓語。還有“斷言，宣稱”之意Theresultoftheelectionwillbedeclaredsoon.[練習]（1）An__________________（announce）willbemadesoononthebulletin（[?b?l?t?n]布告）board.（2）Beforethehostess___________________________（宣布獲勝者）,sheaskedtheaudiencetocalmdown.（3）____________________________________（據(jù)宣布）onlywhenthefirewasundercontrolwouldtheresidents（[?rez?d?nt]居民）bepermitted（[p??m?t]允許）toreturntotheirhomes.（4）用announce或declare的適當形式填空1）Footsteps（腳步聲）_________hisreturn.Shallwegoandmeethim?2）Thebrightflowersandwarmwinds_________thatspringishere.3）Jane_________thatshewouldratherresignthanchangeherdecision.4）Thenewswas_________byCCTV.5）Thegovernmenthas_________warondrugdealers（[?dr?ɡdi?l?(r)]毒品走私犯）.2.Thefinishingtouchesarenowbeingputtoanewswimmingpoolandourworkoutroomshavebeenupdatedwithmodernequipment.新的游泳池進行最后的裝修,我們的健身房也已經(jīng)更新了現(xiàn)代化的設備?！局R點一】putfinishingtouchesto(1)對…進行最后的潤色或修飾【知識點二】update/??pde?t/(1)vt.更新；是現(xiàn)代化；為......提供最新的情況/信息常見搭配：updatesth.更新某物updatesb.on...為某人提供最新......(2)n.最新消息,快訊(3)與date相關的短語：outofdate過時的uptodate最新的,時髦的make/haveadatewithsb.與某人約會set/fixadate確定日期datebackto＝datefrom追溯于;始于[練習]（1）Theminister’s（[?m?n?st?(r)]大臣）advisersupdatedher_________thesituation.（2）Iknowyouwillhaveadate_________Marytonight.（3）Theseworksmustdate_________themiddleofthe7thcentury.（4）我們一有消息我就會告訴他們。Iwouldjust___________________________anynewswemighthave.（5）那本書中的許多信息現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)過時了。Muchoftheinformationinthatbookisnow___________________________.3.Inresponsetopublicinterest,ouraerobicsclasshasbeenreplacedwithseveralfunoptions,includingmoderndance.為了滿足公眾的喜好,我們的有氧運動課程已經(jīng)停開,取而代之的是一些有趣的課程,包括現(xiàn)代舞?！局R點一】response(1)n.回答;反應常見搭配：inresponseto對…作出反應;滿足…的需要(2)respondvi.回答,回應;響應,作出反應常見搭配：respondto對…作出回應[練習]（1）Itwassometimebeforethedooropened_________responsetohisringingthedoorbell.（2）Likeanyotherpublicservants,thepolicemustrespond_________publicdemands.（3）這樣的小組規(guī)模適中,可以使老師們照顧到每一個學生的需求。Thismodestgroupsizeallowstheteachersto__________________theneedsofeachstudent.【知識點二】aerobic/e??r??b?k/(1)adj.有氧的;需氧的【知識點三】replace(1)vt.代替,取代;用…替換;接替;更換,更新常見搭配：replaceAwith/byB用B替換A(2)placementn.替換;更換(3)replaceableadj.可代替的;可替換的(4)與place相關的短語：taketheplaceofsb/takeone’splace代替某人;取代某人（=replace）inplaceofsb/inone’splace代替某人;取代某人[練習]（1）Johnisillandhasbeenreplacedinourteam_________Tom.（2）Butthisisn’tanexcusetouseimages_________placeoftext.（3）Who’sgoingtotake_________（he）placeafterheleaves?4.Betterstill,wewillupdateourfitnesscourseseveryfewmonthssothatmorepopularcoursescanbeincluded.更棒的是,我們將每隔幾個月更新我們的健身課程，以便能涵蓋更多受歡迎的課程?！局R點一】sothatsothat引導目的狀語從句，"以便,為了",從句中常含有情態(tài)動詞。E.g.Westartedoffearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirstbus.sothat引導結果狀語從句,"因此,結果",從句中往往沒有情態(tài)動詞,而且主從句之間常用逗號隔開。E.g.Hewasveryhumorous,sothatwelikedhimverymuch.(3)inorderthat也可以引導目的狀語從句,常與sothat互換,sothat一般不用于句首,而inorderthat可用于句首。(4)當sothat/inorderthat引導的從句中的主語和主句中的主語一致時,可將從句簡化為soasto/inorderto結構。注意:soasto不能放在句首,而inorderto可以放在句首。[練習]（1）Heleftearlysothathecouldavoidthetrafficjam.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1）Heleftearly___________________________hecouldavoidthetrafficjam.2）Heleftearly___________________________avoidthetrafficjam.3）___________________________avoidthetrafficjam,heleftearly.4.Welookforwardtoseeingyouhere!我們期待在這里見到你！【知識點一】lookforwardto期望，期待詞短語中的to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞、動詞-ing類似的動詞短語:get/beusedto習慣于objectto反對stickto堅持devote…to獻身于，致力于getdownto開始認真考慮；著手處理payattentionto注意contributeto促成，導致leadto導致；通向[練習]（1）Hewaslookingforwardto_________（work）withtheman.（2）我現(xiàn)在期望盡早回到工作崗位。Inowlookforwardto__________________toworkassoonaspossible.（3）時間所剩不多了,讓我們開始修理這臺機器吧。There’snotmuchtimeleft.Let'sgetdownto___________________________.（4）我從來沒有習慣于這么晚上床睡覺。Inevergotusedto___________________________solate.【語法】現(xiàn)在進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)1、被動語態(tài)的使用場合：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒必要，動作承受者須強調(diào)。2、現(xiàn)在進行時及其被動語態(tài)：①現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話時正在進行或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。②現(xiàn)在進行時中主動語態(tài)的謂語為am/is/aredoing被動語態(tài)的謂語為am/is/arebeingdone。③beunder/in…+n."可用來表示現(xiàn)在進行時的被動含義,如isunderconstruction表示isbeingconstructed;isinpreparation表示isbeingprepared。3、現(xiàn)在完成時及其被動語態(tài)：①現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果,常與一些表示不確定的時間的狀語連用,如:just,already,yet,ever,recently,lately,sofar,upto/tillnow,inthelast/pastfewdays/years等。②現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（也許還會繼續(xù)進行下去）的動作或狀態(tài),常與"since+時間點"或"for+時間段"等表示一段時間的狀語連用。注意：謂語動詞需用延續(xù)性動詞③表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一種經(jīng)歷,常與twice,ever,never,threetimes,before等時間狀語連用。④現(xiàn)在完成時的常用句型Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since從句（從句用一般過去時）It/This/Thatisthefirst/second/…timethatsbhave/hasdone…This/That/Itis+形容詞最高級+名詞+定語從句（從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時）⑤現(xiàn)在完成時中主動語態(tài)的謂語為have/has+過去分詞被動語態(tài)的謂語為have/hasbeen+過去分詞4、不能用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況①所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組不能用于被動語態(tài)之中。②表示狀態(tài)的動詞,如last,hold,contain,fit,cost等。③表示歸屬的動詞,如have,own等。④表示"希望、意圖、喜好"的動詞,如wish,want,hope,like,love,hate等。⑤賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時謂語動詞用主動語態(tài),不能用被動語態(tài)。⑥賓語是同源賓語、不定式、動名詞等,謂語動詞不用被動語態(tài)。5、主動形式表被動意義①當feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容詞時;②當cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash等作為不及物動詞表示主語內(nèi)在"品質(zhì)"或"性能"時;當動詞表示"開始、結束、關、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動"等意義時。③當happen,occur,breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等動詞（短語）表示"發(fā)生、關閉、制定"等意思時。④want,require,need后面的動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義。⑤beworthdoing用主動形式表示被動含義。[練習]1.Mywashingmachine__________________（repair）now,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.2.Anewcinema__________________（build）here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.3.Uptonow,thenovel__________________（translate）intomanylanguagesandisknownallovertheworld.4.Itisreportedthatmanynewhouses__________________（build）inthisarea.5.ThisisthefirsttimethatI__________________（invite）toLondon.6.Suchathinghasnever__________________（hear）ofbefore.7.Theprofessorisdelighted（[d??la?t]高興）tofindthattwothirdsoftheproject__________________（finish）bythestudentsindependently.8.Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentiontowhat__________________（mark）.9.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse__________________（rebuild）.10.Inrecentyears,stress__________________（regard）asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.【Integratedskills，Extendedreading，Project，Assessment，F(xiàn)urtherstudy】1.Cannotconcentrateatschool在校時注意力無法集中【知識點一】concentrate(1)v.集中;聚精會神;集合常見搭配：concentrateon/upon（doing）sth.專心于（做）某事concentrateone’smind/attention/energy/effortson集中某人的注意力于;集中某人的精力于(2)concentrationn.集中;專心;關注(3)其他表“專心于，集中于”的短語：focus/fixone'sattentiononputone'smindtoputone'sheartintobeabsorbedinbelostinapplyoneself/one'smindto[練習]（1）Hewasexpectedtoconcentrate_________hisstudiesandmakesomethingofhimself.（2）Ifyouapplyyourself_________thejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.（3）Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheart_________it.（4）Sheisabsorbed_________music.（5）Westudentsmustconcentrateoureffortson_________（improve）ourgrades.（6）你必須專注于提高你的英語水平。Youmustconcentrateyourattentionon___________________________.2.I'vebeenfeelingabitundertheweatherrecently.我最近感覺有點不舒服?！局R點一】undertheweather(1)略有不適,不舒服2.PlusItakepartinalotofafter-schoolactivities.而且我參加了很多課外活動?！局R點一】plus/pl?s/(1)conj.而且，此外(2)prep.加；和【知識點二】takepartin(1)參加；參與(2)常見搭配：takepartin(doing)sth.參加/參與（做）某事takeanactivepartin積極地參加......takealeadingpartin在......中起帶頭作用(3)辨析：易混詞(組)區(qū)別participatein“參加，參與”,正式用語。強調(diào)參加某一共同的活動，暗示以一種積極的態(tài)度參加attend正式用語，一般指參加/出席會議、典禮或招待會等，也可指上學、上課、聽演講或講座等join及物動詞。通常指參加某組織或團體并成為其中的一員，也可指加入到別人正在進行的動作或活動中去takepartin指參加群眾性的活動，側重于主語參加該活動并在其中發(fā)揮一定作用。part前若有修飾語，則要加不定冠詞，如takeanactivepartinjoinin指參加某一活動，其賓語一般是小規(guī)模的競賽、娛樂、談話、討論、聚會、游戲等名詞[練習]（1）Atthattime,theproblemofwhetherweshouldtakepart_________theOlympicGamesornotarose（[??r??z]出現(xiàn)）.（2）Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipate_________thesediscussions.（3）Hiswifeandchildrencametojoin_________theparty.（4）Sheactivelyparticipatedinlocalpolitics.（用part改寫句子）She____________________________________inlocalpolitics.（5）他們都參加了這次比賽。Theyall___________________________thecompetition.（6）因為生病他昨天沒上學。Hedidn’t_________schoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.3.I’malsoconcernedaboutmoney.我還擔心錢?！局R點一】concern(1)v.（使）擔憂;涉及;關系到(2)n.擔心;關心(3)concernedadj.擔心的;憂慮的;感興趣的;關注的,關切的常見搭配：asfaras…beconcerned就…而言beconcernedabout/for（＝concernoneselfabout/for）對…擔心/關心beconcernedwithsb./sth.（＝concernoneselfwithsb./sth.）與某人/某事有關(4)concerningprep.關于;涉及[練習]（1）Presentatthemeetingwereheadmastersoftheschools_________（concern）.（2）Thebookismainlyconcerned_________thesituationinthatcountry.（3）ThePresidentexpressedgreatconcern_________thetrafficaccident.（4）父母關心他們孩子們的安全。Parents___________________________theirchildren’ssafety.5.Imaginejoggingalongthesamepatheverymorning,repeatingthesamemovementdayafterdayandhavingnoonetotalkto!想象一下,每天早上沿著同一條小路慢跑,日復一日地重復同樣的動作,卻沒有人可以交談!【知識點一】jogging/?d??ɡ??/(1)n.慢跑鍛煉【知識點二】havingnoonetotalkto(1)"have+賓語+todo"結構，todo是不定式做定語,have意為"有",不定式動作由主語發(fā)出,用主動形式表示被動意義。(2)havesth.done中過去分詞做賓語補足語,表示被動的含義,有時也可用getsth.done來替換,該結構的意思是"使某事被做",有時翻譯成"請人做某事"或"主語遭遇到某事"。(3)havesb.dosth.讓某人/某物做某事,表示經(jīng)常性的動作或某次具體的動作,不定式必須省略to。賓語是動作的執(zhí)行者。(4)havesb./sth.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事/讓某物一直處于某種狀態(tài)注意：havesth./sb.todo中，如果不定式所接動詞是不及物動詞，則其后一定要帶上介詞。[練習]（1）Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain_________（catch）.（2）DuringtheQinDynasty,tokeeptheenemyoutofhisempire,EmperorQinShihuanghadallthewalls_________（join）up.（3）Thetwomenhadthelights_________（burn）allnightlong.（4）I’llhavethegardener_________（plant）sometrees.（5）讓機器一直不停地運轉(zhuǎn)不是一個好主意。Itisnotagoodideato____________________________________allthetime.（6）她提醒我那天晚上我有一個會議要參加。SheremindsmethatI_____________________________________________thatevening.6.Whatwouldyoudoinmyposition?你要是碰到我這種情況會怎么做?【知識點一】position/p??z??n/(1)n.處境;位置;姿勢;觀點;地位;適當?shù)奈恢?2)常見搭配：in/outofposition在/不在適當?shù)奈恢胕na（n）...position在…...的位置/處境5.WhenmyfriendfirstsuggestedthatwejointhenewTaiChiClubatschool,Ihesitated.當我的朋友第一次建議我們加入學校新成立的太極拳俱樂部時,我猶豫了?！局R點一】suggestthat(1)suggest作"建議"講時,后面的從句要用虛擬語氣,即（should+）do;作"暗示,表明"講時,其后的從句用陳述語氣。(2)常見搭配：suggest（doing）sth.建議（做）某事suggeststh.tosb.向某人建議某事Itissuggestedthatsb.（should）dosth.人們建議某人做某事。(3)suggestionn.建議注意：advise/advice,propose/proposal,order,command,demand,require,request,insist,recommend后接的that從句謂語通常用“(should+)動詞原形”。[練習]（1）It’ssuggestedthathe_________（ask）histeacherforhelp.（2）Hesuggested_________（go）outforawalk.（3）Herexpressionsuggestedthatshe_________（be）angry.（4）Isuggesthe_________（go）totherailwaystationearlierincasehemissesthetrain.（5）他的建議是我們首先說服她待在這兒。Hissuggestionisthatwe__________________hertostayherefirst.（6）命令士兵立即出發(fā)。Itisorderedthatsoldiers___________________________atonce.【知識點二】taichi(1)n.太極拳,太極【知識點三】hesitate/?hez?te?t/(1)v.猶豫,遲疑不決;顧慮,疑慮常見搭配：hesitatetodosth.遲疑做某事;不愿做某事hesitateabout/in/at/ov