2022-2023學(xué)年海南省高一年級(jí)學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷(一)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）（一）

高級(jí)中學(xué)精品試卷PAGEPAGE1海南省2022-2023學(xué)年高一年級(jí)學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷(一)英語(yǔ)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whoisstudyingabroad?A.Theman.B.Thewomanspeaker.C.Thewomanspeaker’smom.2.Whatmakessomefarmersstruggle?A.Higherproductioncosts.B.Lackofwell-paidjobs.C.Dropofthericeprice.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theharmofsmoking.B.Stepstoquitsmoking.C.Thepopulationofsmokers.4.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Takeawalkwiththewoman.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Tourthebeach.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inaplane.C.Inacar.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcitylife?A.Quiet.B.Tiring.C.Easy7.Whatmightthemandonext?A.Lookforanapartment.B.Walkaroundhishouse.C.Moveoutsidethecity.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Plantingaflower.B.Makingclothing.C.Runningafterabutterfly.9.Whatdoesthewomanhavetodo?A.Waitpatiently.B.Spendmuchtimeonthework.C.Workhardwithteammatestowin.10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.FriendsB.Strangers.C.Husbandandwife.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whichpethasthreecolors?A.Monk.B.Cuddy.C.Kneesaa.12.Howmanypetsdoesthemanhave?A.Two.B.None.C.Three.13.Whatisthewomanlikeaccordingtotheconversation?A.Loving.B.Hard-working.C.Outgoing聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.WhatcoloristheChristmasRabbitmostly?A.Red.B.Black.C.White15.Howdokidsgetthecandyandchocolate?A.Theybuythemfromtheshops.B.Theygetthemfromneighbors.C.Theythemselveslookforthem.16.WhatoncepuzzledthewomanabouttheChristmasRabbit?A.ItsageB.Itssize.C.Itslooks.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhydidNahiddropoutofschool?A.Therewasnoschoolbus.B.Shehadtoomuchhouseworktodo.C.Herfamilywastoopoor.18.WhatdoweknowaboutBihar?A.ItisanIndianstate.B.Itisthepooreststateintheworld.C.Itsgovernmentsellsbikestogirls.19.WhatdidLusenodolastyear?A.Sheleftschool.B.Shechangedschool.C.Shewenttoschoolbybike.20.Whatmainlypreventsgirlsfromattendingschool?A.Theirfamily.B.Alongwaytogotoschool.C.Badschoolconditions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourRecommendedBooksonNewScienceCatsvsDogs￥111.00Theanimalworldisastrangeandwonderfulplace,andscientistsarealwaysdiscoveringfascinatingandsurprisingtruthsintothelivesofeverythingfromthetiniestinsecttothebiggestanimal.Broughttogetherforthefirsttime,CatsvsDogsdescribestheverybestanimal-relatedquestionsandanswersfromNewScientistreaders.CatsvsDogsshowstheanimalkingdomyou’veneverseenbefore.ThisBookCouldFixYourLife￥94.00Weallwanttobehappier,moresuccessfulandlessstressed,butwhatreallyworks?Frombuildingconfidencetoformingbetterrelationshipsandgettingsmarter(andhealthier),ThisBookCouldFixYourLifeexplorestherealsciencebehindself-helpbasedonthelatestresearchinNewScientist.Fullofscientificadviceandpackedwithexperimentsyoucantryonyourself,thisbookreallycouldhelpyoufixyourlife.Chance￥68.00Lookingintowhatwecallchance,andwhatitreallymeans,Chanceispartofabest-sellingNewScientistseriesbringingtogethersomeofNewScientist’ssharpestminds,thistimetoprovidefascinatingunderstandingofthestrangeworldofwhatwecallchance.Exploreeverythingfromthesecretsofcoincidencetothescienceofaccidentalnumbergeneration.Learnmoreaboutwhatchancereallymeansinthisbest-sellingNewScientistseries.Anti-Zoo￥85.00Whichanimalhasthebiggestmouth?Cancrocodilesusetools?Aresheepreallyasstupidaseveryonethinks?Findouttheanswerstoallthesequestions,andmanymore,inNewScientist’sAnti-Zoo.Preparetomeet50ofthestrangest,mostfrighteningandunexpectedanimalsknowntoscience.Fromtheworld’snicestbird(whichhasareally,reallydarkside)totheflythathitsitswaythroughsolidrock,theseareuniquecreaturesoftheanimalkingdom.1.WhatcanreadersgetfromThisBookCouldFixYourLife?A.Goodwaystoraisepets. B.Keystounderstandingthelatestresearch.C.Opportunitiesforsuccess. D.Adviceonimprovingtheirlife.2.WhichwordcanbestdescribethecreaturesinAnti-Zoo?A.Nice. B.Smart C.Unusual. D.Dangerous.3.Whichbookmightinterestapersonwhowouldliketotryhisluck?A.Chance. B.Anti-Zoo. C.CatsvsDogs. D.ThisBookCouldFixYourLife.〖答案〗1.D2.C3.A〖解析〗〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本書的情況?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThisBookCouldFixYourLife部分中“Fullofscientificadviceandpackedwithexperimentsyoucantryonyourself,thisbookreallycouldhelpyoufixyourlife.(這本書充滿了科學(xué)建議和你可以自己嘗試的實(shí)驗(yàn)，真的可以幫助你改善你的生活)”可知，讀者能從ThisBookCouldFixYourLife這本書中學(xué)到關(guān)于改善他們生活的建議。故選D?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Anti-Zoo部分中“Whichanimalhasthebiggestmouth?Cancrocodilesusetools?Aresheepreallyasstupidaseveryonethinks?Findouttheanswerstoallthesequestions,andmanymore,inNewScientist’sAnti-Zoo.Preparetomeet50ofthestrangest,mostfrighteningandunexpectedanimalsknowntoscience.Fromtheworld’snicestbird(whichhasareally,reallydarkside)totheflythathitsitswaythroughsolidrock,theseareuniquecreaturesoftheanimalkingdom.(哪種動(dòng)物的嘴最大？鱷魚會(huì)使用工具嗎？綿羊真的像大家想的那樣愚蠢嗎？在《新科學(xué)家》的《反動(dòng)物園》中找到所有這些問題的〖答案〗，還有更多。準(zhǔn)備好迎接科學(xué)界已知的50種最奇怪、最可怕、最意想不到的動(dòng)物吧。從世界上最好的鳥(它有非常非常黑暗的一面)到能穿過(guò)堅(jiān)硬巖石的蒼蠅，這些都是動(dòng)物王國(guó)里獨(dú)特的生物)”可知，Anti-Zoo中的動(dòng)物是不尋常的。故選C。〖3題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Chance部分中“Exploreeverythingfromthesecretsofcoincidencetothescienceofaccidentalnumbergeneration.Learnmoreaboutwhatchancereallymeansinthisbest-sellingNewScientistseries.(探索一切，從巧合的秘密到意外數(shù)字生成的科學(xué)。在這個(gè)暢銷的《新科學(xué)家》系列中了解更多關(guān)于巧合的真正含義)”可知，Chance會(huì)讓想碰碰運(yùn)氣的人感興趣。故選A。BAtaskcalled“OperationNoah’sArk”wascarriedouttocage(裝籠子)andshiphundredsofbirdsoffPineIslandinFloridaafteritwashithardbyHurricane(颶風(fēng))lan.ThegovernmentcalledonpeopleofPineIslandtogiveuptheirhomesbecauseofdamagedroads,includingabrokenbridgethatpreventeddeliveriesoffood,gasandotherlife-supportingsupplies.ButWillPeratinoandLaurenSteppdidnotwanttoleaveandgiveuptheir275parrotsattheMalamaManuSanctuary.“Wewouldnotgivethemup.Iwouldneverleavethem.Never,”StepptoldTheAssociatedPress.“Iftheycannotbefedorwatered,theywilldie.AndIcan’tlivewiththat.”ThebirdshadbeenrelyingonfooddonatedbywildlifeofficialssinceHurricanelanhit,butthesupplyoffruit,peanutsandotherfoodswouldsoonbehardtocomebybecauseofthebrokenbridgeandthelackofgasontheisland.BryanStern,thefounderandleaderofProjectDynamo,saidhisteamhadsavedatleastsixdogsandthreecatsbeforeTuesday’smassiverescue(救援).“Oursavedanimalnumbersaresmallcomparedwiththenumberofthe100cagesofparrotsthatweareabouttosave,”Sternsaid,beforecarryingouttherescuetask.“WillandLaurenownthepreserve,andtheirheartsandsoulsareinthebirds.Sothey’regoingthroughtheirownsufferingfromthehurricaneandhavingtorebuildtheirlives.Theylostallkindsofthings.”Thevolunteerswerenotabouttoletthathappen.Forseveralhours,thevolunteersusednetsandtheirhandstoputthebirdsintocages.“Tohaveeverybirdsafeisahugetask,”Peratinosaid.“Imean,it’salmostimpossibletodo.Sothehelpwe’vegottenhasbeenpriceless.”4.Whydidtheofficialsaskpeopletoleavetheisland?A.Thedestroyedhomesneededrebuilding. B.Theparrotsnolongerneededtheirhelp.C.Therewerenoroadstodelivergoods. D.Amorepowerfulhurricanewouldcome.5.WhydidPeratinoandStepprefusetoleavetheisland?A.Torepairtheirhouse. B.Tocarryouttheirexperiment.C.Tohelpwiththerescue. D.Totakecareoftheirparrots.6.WhatcanbelearnedfromStern’swords?A.AnewhomewillbebuiltforPeratinoandStepp.B.Manymoreanimalsneedtobesaved.C.Parrotsaremoreimportantthanotheranimals.D.Allanimalswillbetakenawayincages.7.WhatdidPeratinothinkofthevolunteers’effort?A.Itwasmeaningful. B.Itwasnotworththerisk.C.Itencouragedmorepeopletotakepart. D.Itturnedouttobefruitless.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.A〖解析〗〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)名為“諾亞方舟行動(dòng)”的任務(wù)被執(zhí)行，在佛羅里達(dá)州的松樹島遭受颶風(fēng)重創(chuàng)后，馬拉馬馬努保護(hù)區(qū)數(shù)百只鸚鵡被志愿者裝入籠子并運(yùn)送出去的事件?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ataskcalled“OperationNoah’sArk”wascarriedouttocage(裝籠子)andshiphundredsofbirdsoffPineIslandinFloridaafteritwashithardbyHurricane(颶風(fēng))lan.(一項(xiàng)名為“諾亞方舟行動(dòng)”的任務(wù)在佛羅里達(dá)州的松島受到颶風(fēng)“蘭”的嚴(yán)重襲擊后進(jìn)行，將數(shù)百只鳥關(guān)在籠子里并運(yùn)送出去)”可知，松島遭遇了颶風(fēng)襲擊；第二段“ThegovernmentcalledonpeopleofPineIslandtogiveuptheirhomesbecauseofdamagedroads,includingabrokenbridgethatpreventeddeliveriesoffood,gasandotherlife-supportingsupplies.(政府呼吁松樹島的人們放棄他們的家園，因?yàn)榈缆肥軗p，包括一座斷橋，阻礙了食品、天然氣和其他生活必需品的運(yùn)送)”可知，因?yàn)轱Z風(fēng)導(dǎo)致道路、橋梁受損，松島上的人將無(wú)法得到食物、天然氣和其他生活用品，所以官員們要求島上的人們離開這個(gè)島。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ButWillPeratinoandLaurenSteppdidnotwanttoleaveandgiveuptheir275parrotsattheMalamaManuSanctuary.(但威爾·佩拉蒂諾和勞倫·斯特普不想離開，他們不想放棄在馬拉馬馬努保護(hù)區(qū)的275只鸚鵡)”以及最后一句“Iftheycannotbefedorwatered,theywilldie.AndIcan’tlivewiththat.(如果它們得不到食物和水，它們就會(huì)死。我無(wú)法忍受)”可知，Peratino和Stepp拒絕離開這個(gè)島，他們要留下來(lái)照顧保護(hù)區(qū)里的275只鸚鵡。故選D項(xiàng)。〖6題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Oursavedanimalnumbersaresmallcomparedwiththenumberofthe100cagesofparrotsthatweareabouttosave,”Sternsaid,beforecarryingouttherescuetask.“WillandLaurenownthepreserve,andtheirheartsandsoulsareinthebirds.Sothey’regoingthroughtheirownsufferingfromthehurricaneandhavingtorebuildtheirlives.Theylostallkindsofthings.”(“與我們即將拯救的100籠鸚鵡相比，我們拯救的動(dòng)物數(shù)量很少，”斯特恩在執(zhí)行救援任務(wù)前說(shuō)?！巴柡蛣趥悡碛斜Ｗo(hù)區(qū)，他們的心和靈魂都在鳥類身上，所以他們正在經(jīng)歷颶風(fēng)帶來(lái)的痛苦，不得不重建他們的生活。他們失去了所有的東西。”)”可知，從斯特恩的話中可知，他們這次的行動(dòng)能拯救100籠鸚鵡；根據(jù)第三段第一句“ButWillPeratinoandLaurenSteppdidnotwanttoleaveandgiveuptheir275parrotsattheMalamaManuSanctuary.(但威爾·佩拉蒂諾和勞倫·斯特普不想離開，他們不想放棄在馬拉馬馬努保護(hù)區(qū)的275只鸚鵡)”可推斷，保護(hù)區(qū)里還有更多的動(dòng)物需要被拯救。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forseveralhours,thevolunteersusednetsandtheirhandstoputthebirdsintocages.“Tohaveeverybirdsafeisahugetask,”Peratinosaid.“Imean,it’salmostimpossibletodo.Sothehelpwe’vegottenhasbeenpriceless.”(志愿者們用了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間用網(wǎng)和手把這些鳥放進(jìn)籠子里?！按_保每只鳥的安全是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，”佩拉蒂諾說(shuō)?！拔业囊馑际牵@幾乎是不可能的。所以我們得到的幫助是無(wú)價(jià)的?！?”可推知，Peratino認(rèn)為志愿者的努力是有意義的。故選A項(xiàng)。CRecently,14-year-oldHariniLoganwontheScrippsNationalSpellingBeeintheUnitedStates.Shecorrectlyspelled22wordsduring90seconds.MostAmericans,however,wouldfinditdifficulttospellanyofthesewords!Fromanearlyage,nativeEnglishspeakersknowtherearecleardifferencesbetweenhowwordsarepronouncedandhowtheyarespelled.ButtheydonotknowthatthedifferencesareuniquetoEnglishamongmajorlanguages.LanguageslikeItalianorFinnishcanbespelledmoreeasilybecauseeachlettermatchesonesound.Studentsstudyingtheselanguagescanhave90percentreadingaccuracy(正確率)afterthefirstyear.InEnglish,manylettershavetwoormoresounds.Thisiswhyevenafteryearsoflearning,studentsofEnglisharestillfarbelowItalianorFinnishstudentsinreadingaccuracy.EnglishstartedasaGermaniclanguage.ItismostcloselyconnectedtoGermanandDutch,especiallyingrammarandbasicvocabulary.DuringtheNormanattackinthe12thcentury,OldEnglishwasspokenbutFrenchwasusedingovernmentandformalpapers.Asaresult,moreFrenchandLatinwordsenteredtheEnglishlanguage.Theprintingmachinewasinventedinthelate1400s.ThishelpedtoestablishEnglishspellingandstrengthentheconnectionbetweenhowEnglishisspokenandhowitiswritten.TheEnglishoftodayishowthelanguagewaswrittenatthetime.However,thespokenlanguagestartedtochangeinthe1500swiththepronunciationofalllongvowels(元音),especiallyinsouthernEngland.Forexample,theword“bite”waspronouncedcloserto“beet”inthe1400s,beforechangingthroughtheyearstoitspresentsound.TheeffectwasthattheEnglishlanguagehadoldspellings,butnewsounds.Englishhas26letters,butover44differentsoundsdependonthedifferenceofspokenEnglish.Thereareseveralsoundsfromonlyoneletter.Forexample,theletter“C”cansoundlikean“S”asin“city”,anditalsosoundslikea“K”asin“cat”.8.WhyisItalianeasiertospellthanEnglish?A.There’refewerItalianletters. B.Itisusedmorewidely.C.Eachletterofithasacertainsound. D.Thewordsofitaremadeupoffewerletters.9.Whatroledidtheinventionoftheprintingmachineplay?A.IthelpedconnectwrittenandspokenEnglish.B.ItmadewrittenEnglishmuchsimpler.C.Itchangedthespokenlanguage.D.Itseparatedspellingfrompronunciation.10.Whatinfluencedidthespokenlanguagechangehaveinthe1500s?A.Spellingsmatchedsounds. B.Englishwaseasiertolearn.C.Oldspellingswerechanged. D.Newpronunciationappeared.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatIstheBestWaytoMasterEnglish?B.WhyIsSpellinginEnglishSoDifficult?C.HowHasEnglishDevelopedintoaModernLanguage?D.WhenDidLettersStarttoHaveMorethanOneSound?〖答案〗8.C9.A10.D11.B〖解析〗〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)14歲的哈里尼·洛根贏得了美國(guó)斯克里普斯全國(guó)拼寫比賽的故事，引出本文要談?wù)摰脑掝}——導(dǎo)致英語(yǔ)詞匯書寫困難的因素。〖8題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“LanguageslikeItalianorFinnishcanbespelledmoreeasilybecauseeachlettermatchesonesound.(像意大利語(yǔ)或芬蘭語(yǔ)這樣的語(yǔ)言更容易拼寫，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)字母都匹配一個(gè)聲音。)”可知，意大利語(yǔ)比英語(yǔ)更容易拼寫，因?yàn)樗拿總€(gè)字母都有一個(gè)特定的發(fā)音。故選C。〖9題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theprintingmachinewasinventedinthelate1400s.ThishelpedtoestablishEnglishspellingandstrengthentheconnectionbetweenhowEnglishisspokenandhowitiswritten.(印刷機(jī)發(fā)明于15世紀(jì)晚期。這有助于建立英語(yǔ)拼寫，并加強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)和寫作之間的聯(lián)系。)”可知，印刷機(jī)的發(fā)明有助于連接書面英語(yǔ)和口語(yǔ)。故選A?！?0題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“TheeffectwasthattheEnglishlanguagehadoldspellingsbutnewsounds.(結(jié)果是英語(yǔ)有了舊的拼寫，但有了新的發(fā)音。)”可知，16世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)變化帶來(lái)的影響是，英語(yǔ)保留了舊的拼寫，但產(chǎn)生了新的發(fā)音。故選D。〖11題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Recently,14-year-oldHariniLoganwontheScrippsNationalSpellingBeeintheUnitedStates.Shecorrectlyspelled22wordsduring90seconds.MostAmericans,however,wouldfinditdifficulttospellanyofthesewords!(最近，14歲的哈里尼·洛根贏得了美國(guó)斯克里普斯全國(guó)拼字比賽。她在90秒內(nèi)正確拼寫了22個(gè)單詞。然而，大多數(shù)美國(guó)人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些單詞都很難拼寫!)”及全文可知，通過(guò)14歲的哈里尼·洛根贏得了美國(guó)斯克里普斯全國(guó)拼寫比賽的故事，引出本文要談?wù)摰脑掝}——為什么英語(yǔ)詞匯書寫困難。所以“WhyIsSpellinginEnglishSoDifficult?(為什么英語(yǔ)拼寫這么難?)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。DLatinAmerica’sfirstrenewablefuel-powered,trash-trappingwheeliscleaningoneofPanama’sdirtiestrivers.Alocalenvironmentalgroupledtheeffort.Thewheelispoweredbywaterandsunenergy.ItpullswasteoutoftheJuanDiazRiver.MostofthewastecomesfromthecapitalareaofPanamaCity,whereabout2millionpeoplelive.Thousandsofkilogramsofrubbishflowdowntheriverintotheoceaneachyear.RobertGetmanistheleaderoftheproject.“Cleaningbeachesisgood,”hesaid,“butitismoreeffectiveandcheapertotraprubbishinriversbecausewhenitreachestheocean,theenvironmentalandeconomiccostbecomestoohigh.”TheenvironmentalgroupMareaVerdecreatedthewheel,whichisnamedWandaDiaz,inlateSeptember.BythemiddleofOctober,Wandahadgathered28.6cubicmetersofplasticbottlesfromthewater.TheJuanDiazRiverisoneofthemostpollutedinPanama.Wastesystemsintheareaarepoor,andlanddevelopmentisnotwellsupervised.TheriveralsopassesthroughPanamaCity,oneofCentralAmerica’slargestcities.Overfiveyears,MareaVerdeprojectshaveslowedthespreadofrubbishalongPanama’sriversandcoastline.Earlier,thegroupintroducedits“BarrierorTrash”technology,afloatingdevice.Itcaughtmorethan100metrictonsofwasteintheMatiasHernandezRiverbetween2019and2020.“Wewanttoraiseawarenessthatwecanpreventthedeathofthisveryimportantriver,”saidMareaVerdememberSandyWatemberg.Sheexpressedherhopethatthewheelwillhelp.Butshealsopointedtotheneedforthosewhousesingle-useplasticstorethinktheirbehavior.“Themostimportantthingistoachieveachangeinhabits,”shesaid.12.Whatmakesthewheelthefirstofitskind?A.Itssize. B.Itspower. C.Itsshape. D.Itscolor.13.WhichstatementmatchesRobertGetman’sopinion?A.We’dbetterremoverubbishbeforeitentersthesea.B.Weshouldcleanbeachessoasnottopollutethesea.C.It’scheapforhumanstocleanuptheocean.D.It’sbettertoleavewasteintheseathanintheriver.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supervised”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Supposed. B.Protected. C.Accepted. D.Controlled.15.WhatdidSandyWatembergcallonpeopletodo?A.Supporttheproject. B.Usesingle-useplasticsmore.C.Changetheirhabits. D.Realizethedangertheriverisin.〖答案〗12.B13.A14.B15.C〖解析〗〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了拉丁美洲首個(gè)以可再生燃料為動(dòng)力的垃圾收集輪正在清理巴拿馬一條最臟的河流。當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)環(huán)保組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)工作?！?2題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“LatinAmerica’sfirstrenewablefuel-powered,trash-trappingwheeliscleaningoneofPanama’sdirtiestrivers.(拉丁美洲首個(gè)以可再生燃料為動(dòng)力的垃圾收集輪正在清理巴拿馬一條最臟的河流)”可知，供能系統(tǒng)讓這個(gè)輪子成為同類中的第一個(gè)。故選B。〖13題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“RobertGetmanistheleaderoftheproject.“Cleaningbeachesisgood,”hesaid,“butitismoreeffectiveandcheapertotraprubbishinriversbecausewhenitreachestheocean,theenvironmentalandeconomiccostbecomestoohigh.”(RobertGetman是該項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人?！扒謇砗┖芎?，”他說(shuō)，“但把垃圾困在河里更有效、更便宜，因?yàn)楫?dāng)垃圾流入海洋時(shí)，環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)成本太高了?！?”可知，RobertGetman認(rèn)為我們最好在垃圾進(jìn)入海洋之前把它清除掉。故選A?！?4題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“TheJuanDiazRiverisoneofthemostpollutedinPanama.Wastesystemsintheareaarepoor,andlanddevelopmentisnotwell”可知，胡安迪亞茲河是巴拿馬污染最嚴(yán)重的河流之一。該地區(qū)的廢物處理系統(tǒng)很差，由此可知，其土地開發(fā)也沒有得到很好的保護(hù)。故畫線詞意思是“保護(hù)”。故選B?！?5題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butshealsopointedtotheneedforthosewhousesingle-useplasticstorethinktheirbehavior.“Themostimportantthingistoachieveachangeinhabits,”shesaid.(“但她也指出，那些使用一次性塑料的人需要重新思考他們的行為?！白钪匾氖且淖兞?xí)慣，”她說(shuō)。)”可知，SandyWatemberg號(hào)召人們改變他們的習(xí)慣。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。SavingSeedsforNextYear’sFlowerGardenJustlikevegetableseeds(種子),youcansaveflowerseedsfromyourgardenthisyeartoplantinthefollowingyear.Ifyouwantthesamekindofflowerorplantfornextyear’sgarden,collectonlytheseedsfromplantsmarkedas“heritage”.____16____Crossseedswithamixtureoftwodifferentparentswillproducenewplants,buttheywillonlylooklikeoneoftheparents.Therefore,youaretakingariskwithplantingcrossseeds.Evenifyouexpectplantstobethesameastheirparents,itisnotcertain.Windorinsectscouldbringpollenfromoneplanttoanotherandaccidentallycreateamixture.____17____Butifyoulikesurprises,startexperimenting!Youcouldcreatealovelynewplantorflower!Justlikeeverythingelseingardening,timingisimportant.Collectseedsonadry,sunnyday.____18____Whentheirpodsopen,theseplantscouldsendtheirseedsupto6metersaway.Onceontheground,itisdifficulttocollectthem.Instead,tieasmallbagforseedcollectionoverthepodwhenitnearlyopens.Forplantslikesunflowers,cuttheheadofftheplantanddropitintoapaperbag.____19____Thiswillsaveyourfingers!Youcanplacetheseedsinaglassboxthatcanbesealed.Thenstoretheminacool,dryarea.Makesuretomarkyourglassboxsoyoudonotforgetwhattheyare.____20____Butyoushouldplantthenewseedsthefollowingyearforbestresults.A.Keepaneyeonsomeflowers.B.Lettheseedsgrowandfallnaturally.C.Givethebagashaketohelpseparatetheseeds.D.Whenstoredwithcare,seedsaregoodforseveralyears.E.Thesekindsofplantswillgrowjustliketheirparentplant.F.Inthiscase,addmoreseedstothesoiltomakesurethatsomewillgrow.G.Youcanavoidthisbyplantingonlytheplantfromwhichyouplantocollectseeds.〖答案〗16.E17.G18.B19.C20.D〖解析〗〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了為明年的花園保存種子的方法。〖16題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Ifyouwantthesamekindofflowerorplantfornextyear’sgarden,collectonlytheseedsfromplantsmarkedas“heritage”.(如果你明年的花園想要同樣的花或植物，只收集標(biāo)記為“遺產(chǎn)”的植物的種子)”以及后文“Crossseedswithamixtureoftwodifferentparentswillproducenewplants,buttheywillonlylooklikeoneoftheparents.Therefore,youaretakingariskwithplantingcrossseeds.(兩種不同親本的雜交種子會(huì)產(chǎn)生新的植株，但它們看起來(lái)只像其中一種親本。因此，種植雜交種子是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的)”可知，上文提到了收集標(biāo)記為“遺產(chǎn)”的植物的種子，本句承接上文說(shuō)明其結(jié)果：這些植物會(huì)像它們的母體植物一樣生長(zhǎng)。故E選項(xiàng)“這些植物會(huì)像它們的母體植物一樣生長(zhǎng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Evenifyouexpectplantstobethesameastheirparents,itisnotcertain.Windorinsectscouldbringpollenfromoneplanttoanotherandaccidentallycreateamixture.(即使你期望植物和它們的父母一樣，這也是不確定的。風(fēng)或昆蟲可以將花粉從一種植物帶到另一種植物，并意外地形成混合物)”可知，本句承接上文說(shuō)明如何避免意外情況：通過(guò)只種植你打算收集種子的植物來(lái)避免這種情況。故G選項(xiàng)“你可以通過(guò)只種植你打算收集種子的植物來(lái)避免這種情況”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Justlikeeverythingelseingardening,timingisimportant.Collectseedsonadry,sunnyday.(就像園藝中的其他事情一樣，時(shí)機(jī)很重要。在干燥晴朗的日子收集種子)”以及后文“Whentheirpodsopen,theseplantscouldsendtheirseedsupto6metersaway.Onceontheground,itisdifficulttocollectthem.Instead,tieasmallbagforseedcollectionoverthepodwhenitnearlyopens.(當(dāng)它們的豆莢打開時(shí)，這些植物可以把種子送到6米外的地方。一旦落到地面，就很難把它們收集起來(lái)。相反，當(dāng)豆莢快打開時(shí)，在豆莢上系一個(gè)用于收集種子的小袋子)”可知，文章主要說(shuō)明了收集種子時(shí)，時(shí)機(jī)的重要性，故B選項(xiàng)“讓種子自然生長(zhǎng)和落下”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?9題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Forplantslikesunflowers,cuttheheadofftheplantanddropitintoapaperbag.(對(duì)于像向日葵這樣的植物，剪下植株的頭，把它扔進(jìn)一個(gè)紙袋里)”以及后文“Thiswillsaveyourfingers!(這將拯救你的手指！)”可知，本句是在說(shuō)明何種行為可以拯救手指：搖一搖袋子，幫助分離種子。故C選項(xiàng)“搖一搖袋子，幫助分離種子”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Youcanplacetheseedsinaglassboxthatcanbesealed.Thenstoretheminacool,dryarea.Makesuretomarkyourglassboxsoyoudonotforgetwhattheyare.(你可以把種子放在一個(gè)可以密封的玻璃盒里。然后將它們儲(chǔ)存在陰涼干燥的地方。一定要在你的玻璃盒子上做上標(biāo)記，這樣你就不會(huì)忘記它們是什么)”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于種子的儲(chǔ)存的，故D選項(xiàng)“如果小心儲(chǔ)存，種子可以保存好幾年”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IknewIwasn’tadopted(領(lǐng)養(yǎng))whenIwasgrowingup.Myolderbrother,EddieandIlookedtoomuchthesamebecauseour____21____weretheperfectcombination(結(jié)合)ofourMom’sandDad’s.____22____,Ididfeeldifferent.Myoldestbrother,Tonywas____23____andoutgoing.Hecouldtellyoua____24____thatkeptyousmilingandlaughingallthewaythrough.Hestillcan,infact.Eddiewasalsoconfidentandhadsomanyfriends.Hecouldalsomakeaclearandloudvoicethathas____25____himwellasateacherandcoach.I,ontheotherhand,was____26____,shy,andnotsooutgoingasmybrothers.Ispentmoretime____27____.Iwantedtolearneverything.Beingseveralyearsyoungerthanthemandusually____28____bythem,Ialsospentmoretimeplayingalone.Iwasn’tas____29____asyouwouldthink,though.MyimaginationwasagreatfriendinmylonelinessandinsomewayI______30______thequietofitall.Lookingbackonthelongandwindingroadofmylifenow,IcanseethatIwas______31______,butitmademejustthepersonIneededtobetolivethelifeIhavelived.Myreadingsomuchledmetostartwritingaswell.Mywishtolearneverythinghelpedmeto______32______thebiggestproblemsaboutlove,kindness,joy,andlife,andto______33______whatIlearnedwithothers.Mypleasureinaquietlifemadeit______34______formetoworkfromhomeandcareformyfamily.Weeachhaveauniquegoalinthislife.Itisourjobto______35______it,toliveit,andtoloveit.21.A.opinions B.voices C.faces D.behaviors22.A.Even B.However C.Besides D.Instead23.A.honest B.confident C.shy D.energetic24.A.result B.plan C.skill D.story25.A.served B.protected C.attracted D.encouraged26.A.rude B.kind C.wise D.quiet27.A.reading B.riding C.exercising D.swimming28.A.lookedafter B.broughtup C.dependedon D.leftbehind29.A.active B.lonely C.friendly D.patient30.A.enjoyed B.noticed C.refused D.feared31.A.frightened B.anxious C.popular D.different32.A.passdown B.careabout C.dealwith D.setaside33.A.use B.compare C.correct D.share34.A.formal B.easy C.boring D.strange35.A.find B.balance C.prove D.change〖答案〗21.C22.B23.B24.D25.A26.D27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.D34.B35.A〖解析〗〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章作者通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷講述每個(gè)人都各有不同，都應(yīng)該有自己的人生目標(biāo)并為之奮斗?！?1題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的哥哥埃迪和我長(zhǎng)得太像了，因?yàn)槲覀兊哪樖前职謰寢尩耐昝澜Y(jié)合。A.opinions觀點(diǎn)；B.voices聲音；C.faces臉；D.behaviors行為。根據(jù)“weretheperfectcombination(結(jié)合)ofourMom’sandDad’s.”可知，作者和哥哥的臉是爸爸媽媽的臉的完美結(jié)合。故選C?！?2題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我確實(shí)感覺不一樣。A.Even甚至；B.However然而；C.Besides此外；D.Instead而不是。根據(jù)“Ididfeeldifferent.”可知，然而作者確實(shí)感覺不一樣，前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B。〖23題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的大哥托尼自信而外向。A.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的；B.confident自信的；C.shy害羞的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)“Eddiewasalsoconfidentandhadsomanyfriends.”可知，托尼自信和外向。故選B?！?4題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他會(huì)給你講一個(gè)故事，讓你從頭笑到尾。A.result結(jié)果；B.plan計(jì)劃；C.skill技巧；D.story故事。根據(jù)“thatkeptyousmilingandlaughingallthewaythrough.”可知，托尼講的故事能讓你笑個(gè)不停。故選D?！?5題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他還能發(fā)出清晰響亮的聲音，這讓他很好地成為了一名老師和教練。A.served對(duì)…有用；能滿足……的需要；B.protected保護(hù)；C.attracted吸引；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。此處serve的意思是“對(duì)……有用，起作用”。根據(jù)“himwellasateacherandcoach.”可知，埃迪還能發(fā)出清晰響亮的聲音，這對(duì)他做老師和教練都很有幫助。故選A?！?6題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，我很安靜，害羞，不像我的兄長(zhǎng)們那么外向。A.rude粗魯?shù)?；B.kind善良的；C.wise明智的；D.quiet安靜的。根據(jù)“andnotsooutgoingasmybrothers.”可知，作者比較安靜和害羞。故選D。〖27題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我花了更多的時(shí)間讀書。A.reading閱讀；B.riding騎；C.exercising鍛煉；D.swimming游泳。根據(jù)“Iwantedtolearneverything.”和下文“Myreadingsomuchledmetostartwritingaswell.”可知，作者花了更多的時(shí)間讀書。故選A。〖28題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我比他們小幾歲，經(jīng)常被他們拋在后面，我也花了更多的時(shí)間獨(dú)自玩耍。A.lookedafter照顧；B.broughtup教育；C.dependedon依靠；D.leftbehind留下。根據(jù)“Beingseveralyearsyoungerthanthem”可知，作者比哥哥小幾歲，所以經(jīng)常被他們留下。故選D?！?9題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，我并不像你想的那么孤獨(dú)。A.active積極的；B.lonely孤獨(dú)的；C.friendly友好的；D.patient耐心的。根據(jù)“Beingseveralyearsyoungerthanthemandusually_______bythem,Ialsospentmoretimeplayingalone.”可知，雖然作者獨(dú)自玩耍的時(shí)間多，但作者并不像你想的那么孤獨(dú)。故選B?！?0題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的想象力是我孤獨(dú)時(shí)的好朋友，在某種程度上，我很享受這一切的寧?kù)o。A.enjoyed喜歡；享受；B.noticed注意到；C.refused拒絕；D.feared害怕。根據(jù)“Myimaginationwasagreatfriendinmylonelinessandinsomeway”可知，作者喜歡這一切的寧?kù)o。故選A?！?1題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在回想起我漫長(zhǎng)而曲折的人生之路，我可以看到我是不同的，但它使我成為了我所需要的人，過(guò)著我所過(guò)的生活。A.frightened害怕的；B.anxious焦急的；C.popular流行的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)“______,Ididfeeldifferent.”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己是不同的。故選D?！?2題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)習(xí)一切的愿望幫助我處理了關(guān)于愛、善良、快樂和生活的最大問題，并與他人分享我所學(xué)到的東西。A.passdown傳遞；B.