化學專業(yè)英語常見單詞詞頭

SpecializedEnglishforChemistry實驗室儀器standardtaperequipmentgroundjoint標準錐度儀器磨口接頭aircondenserfractionatingcolumn空氣冷凝管精餾柱boilingflask-3-neckroundflask三頸燒瓶普通圓底燒瓶ground-inroundflaskstopper磨口圓底燒瓶塞子spotplatecentrifugaltest-tube點滴板離心試管measuringcylinderdryingtube量筒干燥管Y形管Yjoint滴瓶、細口瓶、廣口瓶reagentbottle滴液漏斗droppingfunnel藥勺spatula水浴鍋waterbath石棉網(wǎng)asbestoscentergauze燃燒匙combustionspoon砂芯漏斗glasssandfunnelfilterflask吸濾瓶funnel漏斗separatoryfunnel分液漏斗distillingtube蒸餾管adapter接收管reducingbushing減壓套管distillinghead蒸餾頭Claisendistillinghead克來森蒸餾頭long-stemfunnel長頸漏斗stemlessfunnel無頸漏斗plasticsqueezebottle塑料擠壓瓶volumetricflask容量瓶crucible坩鍋porcelainn.瓷器,瓷adj.瓷制的,精美的,脆的evaporatingdish蒸發(fā)皿Florenceflask平底燒瓶mortar研缽pestlen.乳缽,槌,杵v.用槌磨,用杵搗watchglass表面玻璃beakern.大口杯,有傾口的燒杯Erlenmeyerflask三角燒瓶wide-mouthbottle廣口瓶graduatedcylinder量筒Mohrburette堿滴定管pinchcock彈簧夾Geiserburette酸滴定管stopcockn.[機]管閂,活塞,活栓,旋塞閥Mohrmeasuringpipette莫爾吸量管ringclamp鐵架（臺）buretteclamp滴定管夾burettestand滴定管架transferpipette移液管gasmeasuringtube氣體量管medicinedropper醫(yī)用滴管wingtop魚尾燈頭burner爐子，燈頭pinchclamp彈簧夾extensionclamp鐵夾子clampholder持夾器screwclamp螺旋夾testtubeholder試管夾crucibletongs坩鍋鉗tripod三腳架rubberpipettebulb橡皮吸球碘量瓶iodineflask集氣瓶gas-jar±plusorminus－259.1℃1.minustwohundredandfiftyninepointonedegreesCentigrade.(或Celsius)2.twohundredandfiftyninepointonedegreeCentigradebelowzero.3.minustwofiveninepointonedegreesCentigrade1.23*10-4

onepointtwothreetimestentotheminusfourA<BAislessthanB=AequalsB;AisequaltoB>AisgreaterthanB-cide

除（殺，防）…….劑insecticideherbicide殺蟲劑除草劑bactericidefungicide抗菌劑防霉劑anionn.陰離子anionicadj.陰離子的,帶負電荷離子的cation

陽離子cationic陽離子的ionicadj.離子的becapableofv.能夠monoxiden.一氧化物sulfiden.美>[化]硫化物NomenclatureofOrganicCompounds

（有機化合物命名法）1.NomenclatureofHydrocarbons:（烴類命名法）1）AliphaticHydrocarbons（FattyHydrocarbons，脂肪烴）a.NumberPrefix（數(shù)字前綴）：

i).總碳數(shù)≤10時（totalCno.≤10）：

1.甲:meth-;2.乙:eth-;3.丙:prop-;4.丁:buta-;5.戊:penta-;6.己:hexa-;7.庚:hepta-;8.辛:octa-;9.壬:nona-;10.癸:deca-.11.半,1/2:hemi-,semi-;12.單,一:mono-,uni-;13.3/2:sesqui-;14.雙,兩:di-,bi-,bis-.

ii).總碳數(shù)>10時（totalCno.>10）：

普遍規(guī)律:

1.一:hen(i)-;2.二:do-;3.三:tri(a)-;4.四:tetra-;五以后同上.

常用字頭:

11:undeca,hendeca-;12:dodeca-;13:trideca-;14:tetradeca-;15:pentadeca-;16:hexadeca-;17:heptadeca-;18:octadeca-;19:nonadeca-;20:eicosa-;21:heneicosa-;22:docosa-;23:tricosa-;24:tetracosa-;25:pentacosa-;26:hexacosa-;27:heptacosa-;28:octacosa-;29:nonacosa-;30:triaconta-;31:hentriaconta-;40:tetraconta-;50:pentaconta-;60:hexaconta-;70:heptaconta-;80:octaconta-;90:enneaconta-.烷烴（alkane）命名：

數(shù)字頭+-ane.（以a結(jié)尾的數(shù)字頭直接加-ne.）

例:甲烷:methane;庚烷:heptane;癸烷:decane;十三烷:tridecane;十四烷:tetradecane;十五烷:pentadecane;二十烷:(e)icosane;二十一烷:heneicosane;二十二烷:docosane;三十烷:triacontane;四十烷:tetracontane;五十烷:pentacontane;六十烷:hexacontane;七十烷:heptacontane;八十烷:octacontane;九十烷:nonacontane;一百烷:empirecontane.bis-centi-deca-dodeca-hemi-hendeca-hepta-heptadeca-hexa-hexadeca-mono-(mon-)nona-