完整版新概念英語第二冊筆記-第94課

Lesson94Futurechampions未來的冠軍【Text】Experimentshaveprovedthatchildrencanbeinstructedinswimmingataveryearlyage.AtaspecialswimmingpoolinLosAngeles,childrenbecomeexpertatholdingtheirbreathunderwaterevenbeforetheycanwalk.Babiesoftwomonthsolddonotappeartobereluctanttoenterthewater.Itisnotlongbeforetheyaresoaccustomedtoswimmingthattheycanpickupweightsfromthefloorofthepool.Agamethatisverypopularwiththeseyoungswimmersistheunderwatertricyclerace.Tricyclesarelineduponthefloorofthepoolsevenfeetunderwater.Thechildrencompeteagainsteachothertoreachtheotherendofthepool.Manypedaltheirtricycles,butmostofthemprefertopushordragthem.Somechildrencancoverthewholelengthofthepoolwithoutcomingupforbreathevenonce.WhethertheywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampions,onlytimewilltell.Meanwhile,theyshouldencouragethoseamonguswhocannotswimfiveyardsbeforetheyaregaspingforair.【課文翻譯】實驗證明，兒童在很小的時候就可以開始學習游泳。在洛杉磯的一個特設(shè)的游泳池里，孩子們甚至在還沒有學會走路時就已經(jīng)能熟練地在水下屏住呼吸了。兩個月的嬰兒并未顯得不愿意入水。他們很快便適應(yīng)了游泳，以致能撿起池底的物品。這些幼小的游泳運動員非常喜愛的一種游戲是水下三輪車比賽。三輪車并排放在7英尺深的游泳池底上。孩子們比賽看誰先到達游泳池的另一端。很多孩子用腳蹬車，但多數(shù)孩子更愿意推或是拉著三輪車。有些孩子能夠跑完游泳池的全長而不用露出水面換氣。他們將來是否能成為奧林匹克的冠軍，這只能由時間來作出回答。與此同時，他們對我們中的那些游不了5碼就已喘不過氣來的人應(yīng)該是種鼓舞。Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語instructv.指導，傳授LosAngeles洛杉磯reluctantadj.勉強的，不愿意的weightn.重物【生詞講解】adj.水下的tricyclen.三輪車underwatercompetev.比賽，對抗yardn.碼gaspv.喘氣【單詞講解】1.instruct1）v.指導，傳授eg：Mr.Whiteinstructsusinmath.懷特先生教我們的數(shù)學2）v.指令、訓令instructsbtodo命令，指導某人做某事eg：Theteacherinstructedthepupilstocomeintothegym.老師命令學生到健身房去。instructthat（正式）通知eg：Thecompanyinstructedhimthathewouldbeemployed.該公司通知他，他會被雇用。instructionn.講授、教育、指導、命令、指示receiveinstructioninskiing接受滑冰指導followinstructions＝givesbinstructions遵從指示instructiveadj.教育性的,有啟發(fā)的,有益的aninstructivebook有教育意義的書instructorn.教師、指導者2.LosAngeles洛杉磯美國加利福尼亞洲California西南部的大城市（簡稱L.A）在西班牙語中表示”天使們”之意3.reluctantadj.勉強的，不愿意的（unwilling）areluctantanswer勉強的答復(fù)areluctanthelper不愿意幫忙bereluctanttodo不愿做某事eg：Iamreluctanttoworkthesedays.這段日子我不愿工作。reluctantlyadv.不情愿地、厭惡的（unwillingly）4.weightn.重物、分量、重量eg：What'stheweightofthisgoldcoin？這金幣有多重？→Itis50gramsinweight.它重50克。eg：You'veputonweight,haven'tyou？你變胖了？eg：You'velostweight,haven'tyou？你瘦了,對嗎?grossweight毛重；netweight凈重throwone'sweightabout＝throwone'sweightaround大擺架子、作威作福weighv.秤……重量，有…….重eg：Themanweighedthefishbyhand.他用手秤一秤魚有多重。eg：Howmuchdoseitweigh？它有多重？5.underwateradj.水下面的anunderwatercamera水下照像機under-前綴1）……之下的underarm腋下的；underground地下的underline在……下滑線2）不足夠的underage未成年的；undernourished營養(yǎng)不足的6.tricyclen.三輪車（trike）bicycle自行車tri-表“三”triangle三角形；trilateraladj.三者之間的、有三邊的tricolor三色旗bi-表“兩個”“兩次”biannual[bai??nju?l]a.一年兩次的bicentenary[?baisen?teni?l]n.兩百周年紀念di表“二、雙、二重、二倍”（后語名詞結(jié)合）dicotyledonousadj.雙子葉的7.competev.比賽，對抗eg：Thetwoteamscompeteforthechampionship.這兩支球隊爭奪冠軍eg：Heisgoingtocompeteagainsthisoldrivalinthesecondround.＝Heisgoingtocompetewithhisoldrivalinthesecondround.在第二輪比賽中敵對是他的老對手。eg：Willyoucompeteintherace？你會參加比賽嗎？competitionn.[?k?mp??ti??n]競爭，比賽beincompetitionwith與…….的競爭eg：Theywereincompetitionwitheachotherfortheprize.他們?yōu)榱霜勂吩诨ハ喔偁?。competitive[k?m?petitiv]a.競爭的，比賽的；好競爭的；有競爭力的acompetitionspirit競爭心competitor[k?m?petit?]n.競爭者；比賽者形近詞：competence[?k?mpit?ns]n.能力，勝任，稱職one'scompetenceforthetask完成任務(wù)的能力competentadj.有能力的,足夠的,勝任的eg：Sheiscompetentforthetask.她有能完成這個任務(wù)。8.yardn.碼（約91.4cm縮寫為y/yd）eg：Turnleftabouttwohundredyardsfurtherdownthestreet.左轉(zhuǎn)沿著街道大約再走兩百碼。長度單位：inch英寸；foot英尺；yard碼；meter米yardgoods（美）論碼賣的布料9.gasp1）v.喘氣、上氣不接下氣eg：Hegaspedforbreath.他喘不過氣來gaspforair氣喘2）v.喘著氣說……（與out,forth連用）eg：Shegaspedoutthenews.＝Shegaspedforththenews.她氣喘吁地說了這個消息。eg：”Myhouseisonfire,“gaspedtheman.我的房子著火了，”那人氣喘吁地說。3）v.（因驚嚇、恐懼引起的）屏息、喘息gaspwithsurprise＝gaspinsurprise吃驚地屏住呼吸gaspatthesight那景況令人倒抽一口冷氣4）n.屏息、喘息、接不上氣inshortgasps氣喘吁吁；atone'slastgasp奄奄一息地tothelastgasp直到臨終【課文講解】1.Experimentshaveprovedthatchildrencanbeinstructedinswimmingataveryearlyage.※prove表示“證明”、“證實”，后面可以跟從句、形容詞、名詞、不定式等：eg:We'vebeentryingtosellourhouse,butit'sprovedtobeverydifficult.我們一直試圖把房子賣掉，不過事實證明這很困難。eg:Therumorprovedtrue.這謠傳證明是真的。eg:Heprovedacompetentmanager.他證明是一個能干的經(jīng)理。eg:Youshouldfirstprovethatyouboughtthesegoodshere.你應(yīng)該首先證明這些物品你是從這里買的。provesthtosb.向某人證明某事物屬實※beinstructedin被訓練※ataveryearlyage在很小的時候2.AtaspecialswimmingpoolinLosAngeles,childrenbecomeexpertatholdingtheirbreathunderwaterevenbeforetheycanwalk.※becomeexpertat＝becomeexpertin很熟練……在beexpertin＝beexpertat＝beexpertincooking＝beexpertatcooking擅長烹飪expert[?eksp?:t]n.專家，能手a.專家的，內(nèi)行的，熟練的expert表示“做/干......的專家/高手”時后面通常用atdoingsth;表示在某一領(lǐng)域是“專家”、“權(quán)威”時可用介詞in或on:eg:Johnisanexpertatdrivingacar.約翰是開車高手。eg:Sheisanexpertinflowers.她是花卉方面的專家。eg:Samisanexpertonthatproblem.薩姆是研究那個問題的權(quán)威。anexpertincooking＝anexpertatcooking烹飪高手anexpertineconomics經(jīng)濟學專家※holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸eg:Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathefor?你能屏住呼吸多久？atabreath＝inabreath一口氣地underone'sbreath＝belowone'sbreath壓著嗓子，低聲地loseone'sbreath喘不過氣來，氣喘吁吁saveone'sbreath不要浪費口舌3.Babiesoftwomonthsolddonotappeartobereluctanttoenterthewater.※雙重否定，加強語氣※appear1)vi.似乎，好象，顯得eg:Sheappearstohavemanyfriends.她好象有很多好朋友似的。eg:Sheappeared/seemedveryconfident.她顯得很有自信。Itappearsthat...Itseemsthat...eg:It'sgoingtorain.Soitappears/seems要下雨了?？礃幼酉?)出現(xiàn)，顯露eg:Graduallyasmileappearedonherface.她臉上漸漸地露出笑容。4.Itisnotlongbeforetheyaresoaccustomedtoswimmingthattheycanpickupweightsfromthefloorofthepool.※Itisnotlongbeforethat很快notlongbefore通常譯為“不久”、“很快”。longago/before很久以前※beaccustomedto適應(yīng)、習慣（to為介詞）eg：Iamaccustomedtocoldweather.我習慣寒冷的天氣了。eg：Iamaccustomedtowalkinglongdistance.我習慣于長距離散步了。accustomoneselfto使自己習慣eg：Shefounditnecessarytoaccustomherselftogettingupearly.她發(fā)現(xiàn)讓自己習慣早起是有必要的。eg：Childrenarequicktoaccustomthemselvestonewsurroundings.孩子們很快就適應(yīng)新環(huán)境?！鵳ickup1）撿起pickupacoinontheroad2）接picksbupatthestation在車站接某人3)不費力的學會pickuptheskills5.Agamethatisverypopularwiththeseyoungswimmersistheunderwatertricyclerace.※bepopularwith＝bepopularamong在……中間流行、受……的歡迎eg：Thenurseisverypopularwithlittlechildren.這個護士/保育員很受孩子們的歡迎。eg：ChinesefoodisbecomingpopularamongAmericans.中餐逐漸受美國人歡迎。popularmusicn.流行音樂,通俗音樂popularnewspaper受歡迎的報紙,流行的報紙popularity[?p?pju?l?riti]n.普及；流行；名望失人心losepopularity←→得人心winpopularity6.Tricyclesarelineduponthefloorofthepoolsevenfeetunderwater.※belinedup使……排成一列l(wèi)ineup(使)排成行，(使)排隊eg：Thechildrenlineduponthegroundaccordingtoheight.孩子們在操場按身高排成一排。eg:Whyarepeopleliningupoverthere?那邊的人為什么都排在一起？eg:Linethesechairsup,please.請把這些椅子排好。7.Thechildrencompeteagainsteachothertoreachtheotherendofthepool.competeagainst與……競爭，與……抗衡8.Manypedaltheirtricycles,butmostofthemprefertopushordragthem.pedal['pedl]蹬push推drag拖，拉，拽preferto更愿意做。。。更喜歡做9.Somechildrencancoverthewholelengthofthepoolwithoutcomingupforbreathevenonce.※cover走完、讀完、看完、飛過（不用被動結(jié)構(gòu)）eg：Howfarcanwecoveraday？我們一天可以走多遠？eg：Shecovered1,000metersinlessthan10minutes.在不到10分鐘她游了1000米?！鵦omeup上升（從鄉(xiāng)下）上（城市）eg：Thesunhascomeup.太陽升起comeuptoBeijing到北京comeupto走上來、比得上，達到(標準等)eg：Hecameupsmilingtome.他微笑著向我走過來偶遇comeuponIcameuponanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.：eg昨天在街上，我偶然遇到了一個老朋友。10.WhethertheywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampions,onlytimewilltell.tell的賓語，放在句首是為了強調(diào)。引導的從句是※以whether倒裝句，賓語從句置于句首，表強調(diào)。通常，以疑問詞引導的賓語從句會用于這種句型：※eg:Whatmadehimdoit,nooneknows.eg:Howtheyfoundoutthetruth,onlyGeorgecantell.11.Meanwhile,theyshouldencouragethoseamonguswhocannotswimfiveyardsbeforetheyaregaspingforair.thoseamongus我們中的那些人who引導定語從句修飾【關(guān)鍵詞組摘錄】beaccustomedto(doing)sth6.1.beinstructedinbepopularwith7.beexpertat(doing)sth2.lineup8.sbreath3.holdone'competeagainst9.bereluctantto4.10.comeupfornotlongbefore5.11.gaspforair【Keystructures】v.+prep./adj.+prep.Exercise用恰當?shù)慕樵~填空bloodsports.Manypeopledonotapproveofdeath.toHewasfoundguiltyofmurderandcondemned？inmanywaysfromHasiteveroccurredtoyouthatthosetwinsarequitdifferenteachotherhisadvice.thematterandI