句型轉(zhuǎn)換（講義）人教PEP版英語六年級上冊

第13講句型轉(zhuǎn)換知識精講知識點1陳述句一、肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：I’mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.Hecanplaybasketball.Heworksinahospital.Therearefourfansinourclassroom.二、否定句肯定句改否定句的方法1.有be動詞的，在be動詞后加not。如：isnot，arenot，amnot；2.有情態(tài)動詞的，在情態(tài)動詞后加not，如：cannot，shouldnot，willnot；，即實義動詞類的，在實義動詞前加助動詞否定形式don’t/doesn’t。4.some改成any。如：Iamagirl.→Iamnotagirl.Youareastudent.→Youarenotastudent.（=Youaren’tastudent.）ThisisTom’sbag.→ThisisnotTom’sbag.(=Thisisn’tTom’sbag.)注意：祈使句的否定有兩種：直接在句首加don’t.Closethewindow.→Don’tclosethewindow.句首加No，動詞變ing。（一般翻譯成禁止做某事）Nosmoking!禁止抽煙！Noparking!禁止停車！知識點2一般疑問句肯定句改一般疑問句的方法1.把be動詞放在句首，剩下的照抄，（some改成any，I改成you，my改成your，）句號改成問號。,will等放到句首，剩下的照抄，（some改成any，I改成you，my改成your）句號改成問號。3.上述都沒有的，在句首請助動詞Do/Does幫忙，剩下的照抄，注意遇到第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要還原成原形，（some改成any，I改成you，my改成your，）句號改成問號。注意：句首的第一個字母要大寫，句尾標(biāo)點應(yīng)為“?”。如：IaminClass6.→AreyouinClass6?YouarefromAmerica.→Areyoufrom

America?Itisanorange.→Isitanorange?Hecansing.→Canhesing?Myfatherlikesreadingnewspapers.（報紙）→Doesyourfatherlikereadingnewspaper?的回答一般疑問句有兩種回答，即：肯定回答和否定回答。其中，肯定回答用yes，否定回答用no。語句順序為：Yes+主語+am/is/are/was/were.|can.|do/does；No+主語+amnot/isn’t/aren’t/can't/don’t/doesn’t如：—AreyouanEnglishteacher?→Yes，Iam./No，Iamnot.—Isthatabird?→Yes,itis./No，itisn’t.DoeshelikeEnglish?→Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.針對性練習(xí)一、將下列句子改成一般疑問句：并做肯定回答和否定回答。

is

a

lovely

dog.

________________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

2.

They

are

Lily’s

cousins.

___________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

3.

We

are

classmates.

_______________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

4.

There

is

a

bird

in

the

tree.

_________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

5.

They

are

good

friends.

___________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

6.

I

play

puter

games

every

night.

__________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

7.

There

are

many

books

on

the

shelf.

__________________________________Yes,___________

No,____________

8.

They

walk

to

school

every

morning.

_________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

二、將下列句子改為一般疑問句。1.They

will

go

to

Beijing

for

the

holiday

this

summer.

________________________________________________

2.

They

are

playing

football

on

the

playground.

________________________________________________

3.

Jimmy

likes

playing

puter

games.

________________________________________________

4.

He

speaks

English

very

well.

________________________________________________

5.

I

will

make

a

present

for

my

mother.

________________________________________________

6.

My

parents

can

sing

English

songs

very

well.

_______________________________________________

7.

English

is

my

favourite

subject.

________________________________________________

8.

She

es

from

America.________________________________________________

知識點3特殊疑問句以特殊疑問詞(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes,no”來回答。一般考法是對劃線部分提問，一般遵循以下步驟：將陳述句變成一般疑問句；將劃線部分用相應(yīng)的特殊疑問詞代替；將特殊疑問詞提到句首。例如：Sheworksinafactory.(對劃線部分提問）第一步，變一般疑問句：Doessheworkinafactory?第二步，該句劃線部分是地點，所以用where，變成：Doessheworkwhere?第三步，特殊疑問詞提到句首：Wheredoesshework?針對性練習(xí)一、填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~。1._______walletisit?It’smine.2._______isthediary?It’sunderthechair.3._______istheboyinblue?He’sMike.4.A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?B:_______?A:BecauseIwanttomakeakite.5.__________isyourcousin?He’s15yearsold.6.__________doyouhavedinner?At6o’clock.7._________oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?Theblueone.8.________isyourfather’sjob?Heisadoctor.二、對劃線部分提問。1.Icanseeeightapplesinthebox._____________________can_______seeinthebox?2.Myfatherisfinetoday.____________yourfathertoday?3.LiuTaoisplayingfootballintheplayground._____________LiuTao_______intheplayground?4.Thegirlwithbigeyesismysister’sfriend.__________________sister’sfriend?5.I’dlikeanicecakeforbreakfast.___________________likeforbreakfast?6.That’sNancy’sskirt.______________isthat?隨堂演練按要求改寫句子。It’sabook.（改為一般疑問句）_______ita_______?2.DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?（做肯定回答）_______,I_______.3.Openthedoorforhim.（改為否定句）_______open_____________for_______!4.WearegoingtoseeaBeijingopera.（對劃線部分提問）What_______you______________do?5.Hehassomequestions.（改為一般疑問句）_______he______________questions?6.TheyvisitedtheirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival.（改為一般疑問句）_______they_______theirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival?知識點4therebe結(jié)構(gòu)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時、某地存在著什么事物或人”，包括thereis,thereareherebe結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似，用法也完全相同，只不過是表示“這里存在著什么事物或人”。2.和have,has,had的區(qū)別：（1）在therebe句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用are；be動詞根據(jù)最近be動詞的那個名詞決定——“就近原則”。（2）therebe句型的否定句在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。（3）therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。（4）some和any在therebe句型中的運用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問句。（6）針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語？針對性練習(xí)一、用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動詞填空。1.There______fourseasonsinayear.2.There______notanytreestwoyearsago.3.______thereapostofficenearyourschool?Yes,there______.4.Howmanystops______there?There______onlyone.5.There______notanystampsontheenvelope.6.______thereanybirdsinthetree?7.There______ashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.Butnowthere______noone.8.There______onlythreeofus:mydad,mymumandme.9.Here______somebreadforyou.10.InNewYork,there______alotofraininspring.二、選用“have,has,thereis,thereare”填空。1.I__________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.___________abookonthedesk.3.Myfather__________astorybooklastyear.4._________areadingroominthebuilding?5.WhatdoesMike__________?6.Howmanystudents___________intheclassroom?7.___________astorybookonthetableamomentago.8.Myparents____________somenicepictures.9.David’sfriends____________sometents.10.___________manychildrenonthehill.隨堂演練按要求完成句子。1.Sheisateacher.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________2.Thehospitalisbehindthesupermarket.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________3.Sheusuallyreadsbooksinthelibrary.(用thisafternoon代替usually)_______________________________________________________________4.Helikesgoinghiking.(改為否定句)_______________________________________________5.Sarahisgoingthereat7:00.(對劃線部分提問)________________________________________________6.Dotheylikeclimbingmountains?(做否定回答)_________________________________________________7.Shefeelsangry.(對劃線部分提問)_________________________________________________Eatbeforegoingtobed.(變成否定句)_________________________________________________9.DoesLiuYunworkinacarfactory?(做否定回答)_________________________________________________’mgoingtobeabusinessmanin20years’time.(對劃線部分提問)_____________________________________________________________課后作業(yè)根據(jù)要求完成句子。1.MyfatherwilltakemetoBeijing.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________________2.Tomlikeslisteningtothemusic.（改為一般疑問句）______________________________________________________________3.Weshouldtakecareof（照看）theyoungtrees.（改為否定句）______________________________________________________________4.I’mlookingforadress.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________________5.Hetakessomepictureseveryday.（改為否定句）______________________________________________________________6.IcanspeakEnglishwell.（改為一般疑問句）______________________________________________________________7.Youcanfindsometalltreesinthepicture.（改為否定句）______________________________________________________________8.IamfromAustralia.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________________9.Therearetwelvestudentsoverthere.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________________10.WewillvisitAmericanextweek(下一周).（改為否定句）______________________________________________________________11.Therearealotoflovelyanimalsthere.（改為一般疑問句）______________________________________________________________12.Igotoschoolbybus.（對劃線部分提問）______________________________________________________________13.Showmeyourlibrarycard.（改為否定句）______________________________________________________________14.Mikewantstobeasinger(歌手)inthefuture.（對劃線部分提問）_______________________________________________________________15.JimandBenoftenhelptheirgrandfathercleanroomafterschool.（改為一般疑問句）_______________________________________________________________閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷所給句子是否正確，正確的寫“T”，錯誤的寫“F”。Everyoneinourschoollovessports.Everymorningafterwegetup,wedomorningexercises.Afterthesecondclasswedoexercisesagain.WeonlyhavePEclassestwiceaweek,butwedophysicaltraining(鍛煉)atfiveeveryafternoon.Themostpopularsportisbasketball.Alltheboyslikeplayingitandmanyofthegirlslikeit,too.Another(另一)popularsportisfootballandineveryclasstherearealotoffootballfans.Volleyballisoftenplayedwhentheweather(天氣)isfine.Wehaveschoolteamsinbasketball,footballandvolleyball.Ourteamsoftenhavematcheswithteamsfromotherschools.Whenthereisamatchmanyofusgotowatchit.Besides(除……之外)ballgames,someofusliketrackandfieldevents(田徑項目),andweoftenpracticerunning,jumpingandthrowing.Everytermwehavetests(測試)intheseeventsandonceayear,weholdasportsmeeting.(

)1.Someofusdon’tlikesportsinourschool.(

)2.WehavethreePEclassesaweek.(

)3.Everyboyofourschoollikesplayingbasketball.(

)4.Weoftenhaveballgameswithteamsfromotherschools.(

)5.Therearen’tanytestsrunning,jumpingandthrowinginourschool.閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案。ThisisJim’sroom.It’sabigroom.Therear