練案9必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection練習

必修二Unit4WildlifeprotectionⅠ.完形填空(2021·東城區(qū)綜合練習)SavingaTigerNamedCinderellaOnanicydayinFebruary2012,twohuntersineasternRussiadiscoveredalimpbundleoffurlyinginthesnow.Itwasanorphanedcub(幼獸)!Thecubhadn'teatenindays,andwas1.Aenoughforthehuntersjusttopickherup.Dr.DaleMiquelle,DirectorfortheWCSRussiaProgram,said,“Ahealthytigercub,evenathree-month-oldone,wouldgiveyoureasonto2.Dbeforeyoustuckyourhandtooclosetoitsteethandclaws.Butthiscubhadno3.Dleftinher.”Thehunterswrappedthecubinacoatand4.Ahertoalocalwildlifeinspector,AndreyOryol.Overthefollowingweeks,Oryol5.Ctheorphanedcubbacktohealth.Buthehadanewproblem:Whatcouldhedowithan6.Bthree-month-oldtiger?ThecubwasanAmurtiger.7.DasmallnumberofAmurtigersremainedinthewild,soscientistswantedtoreturn8.Bcubstotheirnaturalhabitat.Theorphanedcubwastakentoanewwildlifecenter.Thecenterwasdesignedforraisingwildanimalswithout9.Athemtopeople.Ituseshiddencamerasandcoveredfencestokeepworkersoutof10.B.Thatway,theanimalsdon'tbecome11.Conhumans.Thecub,laternamedCinderella,becamethecenter'sfirsttiger.Overthenextyear,shegrewintoabig,healthytigress.Inthecenter,shelearnedtohunt.Bythespringof2013,expertsagreedshewas12.Ctoreturntothewild.Theychosetheperfectnew13.Dfortheirtigerprincess:theBastakNatureReserve.Duringthenexttwoyears,researcherswatchedCinderella's14.A.Theysetupcamerastosnapphotos.WhenCinderellapassedinfrontofoneofthesecamera15.B，ittookherpicture.Cinderellanotonly16.C，butgrewhealthierandstronger.Then,inDecember2015,thecameras17.Dexcitingnews:Cinderellahadbecomeamother!Forthefirsttimeever，atigerthathumanshad18.Candreturnedtothewildhadgivenbirthtotwocubsofherown.Tigersaresomeofthemostadmiredanimalsonourplanet,buttheyarealso19.A.ThankstotheworkofconservationistslikeDr.DaleMiquelle,thereisnew20.Bforthesemagnificentcats.文章大意：兩位獵人在俄羅斯東部發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只因饑餓無力地躺在雪中的小老虎，并將其送到當?shù)氐囊吧鷦游餀z查員AndreyOryol那里，Oryol在接下來的幾周里照料它恢復了健康，然后將它帶到一個野生動物中心，在該中心這只幼虎被命名為Cinderella。直到它準備好回歸自然，專家們才把它放到了巴斯塔自然保護區(qū)；后來Cinderella不但適應了野外的生活，而且還有了自己的幼崽。1．A.weak B．paleC．sleepy D．lazy解析：根據(jù)本句中的“Thecubhadn'teatenindays”可以推測出，這只幼虎幾天沒有吃東西了，所以它很虛弱，因而那兩位獵人能將它抱起。故選A。2.A．hide B．hurtC．wonder D．pause解析：根據(jù)語境和常識可知，一只健康的幼虎，即使只有三個月大，在你將手很靠近它的牙齒與爪子之前，都會讓你有理由暫停一下(pause)。故選D。3.A．mercy B．effortC．will D．fight解析：根據(jù)第1小題的解析可知，這只幼虎幾天沒有吃東西了，身體非常虛弱，所以那時它并沒有戰(zhàn)斗力。A項意為“仁慈”；B項意為“努力”；C項意為“意志”；D項意為“戰(zhàn)斗力”。4.A．delivered B．returnedC．guided D．reported解析：根據(jù)本句中的“alocalwildlifeinspector”和下文表述的Oryol照料這只幼虎可以推測出，兩位獵人將幼虎送到了當?shù)氐囊吧鷦游餀z查員AndreyOryol那里。故選A。5．A.taught B．pulledC．nursed D．trained解析：根據(jù)本句中的“backtohealth”可以推測出，Oryol在接下來的幾周時間里照料(nursed)那只幼虎恢復了健康，故選C。6.A．intelligent B．energeticC．excited D．a(chǎn)mazing解析：根據(jù)上文中的“backtohealth”和語境可以推測出，那只幼虎很快就恢復了健康，變得精力充沛，所以Oryol不知該如何處理它。故選B。7.A．Almost B．StillC．Even D．Only解析：根據(jù)本句中的“soscientistswantedtoreturn8cubstotheirnaturalhabitat”可知，由于只有少量的東北虎仍然生活在野外，所以科學家想把被營救的(rescued)東北虎送回到它們的自然棲息地。故選D。8．A.firstborn B．rescuedC．wounded D．hunted解析：參見上題解析。A項意為“頭胎的”。9．A.exposing B．sendingC．offering D．selling解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Ituseshiddencamerasandcoveredfencestokeepworkersoutof10”可以推測出，這個新的野生動物中心是專門為在不讓野生動物接觸人的情況下喂養(yǎng)它們而設計的。故選A。10．A.place B．sightC．order D．mind解析：根據(jù)上題解析并結合語境可知，這個野生動物中心使用隱藏的相機和被覆蓋的圍欄來使工作人員不露面。sight“視力范圍，視野”符合語境。11．A.concentrated B．defensiveC．dependent D．keen解析：根據(jù)第20小題的解析可知，這個野生動物中心使用這種方式讓動物們不對人類產(chǎn)生依賴，故選C。A項意為“集中的”；B項意為“自衛(wèi)的”；C項意為“依賴的”；D項意為“喜愛，有興趣”。12．A.welcome B．interestedC．ready D．eager解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Inthecenter，shelearnedtohunt”和空后的“returntothewild”可以推測出，這只幼虎在野生動物中心學習了野外生存技能，因此到2013年春天，專家們一致認為它準備好回歸自然了。故選C。13．A.continent B．neighborhoodC．border D．kingdom解析：根據(jù)本句中的“tigerprincess”的稱呼以及“theBastakNatureReserve”這一地點可知，為了使前后語言風格保持一致，這里應用“kingdom”，表示專家們?yōu)樗麄兊睦匣ⅰ肮鳌边x擇了這個完美的新“王國”。故選D。14．A.progress B．reactionC．a(chǎn)ppearance D．habitat解析：根據(jù)下文表述的研究人員放置相機來拍攝Cinderella的照片可推知，在接下來的兩年里，研究人員觀察Cinderella的生活進展。progress“進步，進展”符合語境，故選A。15．A.types B．trapsC．shots D．scenes解析：根據(jù)上句“Theysetupcamerastosnapphotos”可以推測出，當Cinderella在其中的一個陷阱(traps)相機前經(jīng)過時，相機就會拍下它的照片。故選B。16．A.succeeded B．recoveredC．survived D．explored解析：根據(jù)本句中的“grewhealthierandstronger”可知，Cinderella不但活了下來，而且長得更健康、更強壯了。故選C。17．A.edited B．expectedC．prepared D．revealed解析：根據(jù)上文中的“WhenCinderellapassedinfrontofoneofthesecamera15，ittookherpicture”可以推測出，此處表示相機傳達了令人激動的消息。故選D。18．A.witnessed B．tradedC．raised D．examined解析：根據(jù)文章第二至第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第三段中的“wasdesignedforraisingwildanimals”可知，這只幼虎曾經(jīng)被人類喂養(yǎng)過，故選C。19．A.endangered B．dominatedC．preserved D．stressed解析：根據(jù)上文中的“asmallnumberofAmurtigersremainedinthewild”和下文中的“Thankstotheworkofconservationists”可以推測出，老虎也是瀕危動物。故選A。20．A.love B．hopeC．home D．help解析：根據(jù)第19題的解析可知，老虎也是瀕危動物，因此由于像Dr.DaleMiquelle這樣的自然環(huán)境保護主義者的努力，這些出色的貓科動物有了新的希望。故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀理解AWildanimalsareknowntolistentoeachotherforwarningsthatpredatorsarenear.Somebirds,forexample,fleewhenneighborsmakealoudnoisetoannounceasnake'spresence.Thefairywren(細毛鷯鶯)isasmallAustraliansongbird.Itisnotbornknowingthe“l(fā)anguages”ofotherbirds.Butrecentresearchsaysitcanlearnthemeaningofafewimportantsounds.AndrewNRadfordisabiologistattheUniversityofBristolinEnglandandco-writerofthenewreportpublishedinearlyAugustinthejournalCurrentBiology.HetoldtheAssociatedPress,“Weknewbeforethatsomeanimalscantranslatethemeaningsofotherspecies'‘foreignlanguages’butwedidnotknowhowthat‘languagelearning’cameabout.”Birdshaveseveralwaysoflearninglifeskills.Someknowledgeisgeneticallypasseddownbytheirparentsandsomecomesfromdirectexperiencewiththeworld.ButRadfordandotherscientistsareexploringathirdkindofknowledge：informationfromfellows.RadfordandresearchersattheAustralianNationalUniversitycarriedoutthestudyinthecountry'sNationalBotanicGardensinCanberra.Theyattachedspecially-designed，sound-producingequipmentcalled“tweeterspeakers”totheirbodies.Theywantedtoseeiffairywrenswouldreacttosoundsofotherbirdseveniftheycouldnotseethem.Thescientistsfirstplayedthebirdstworecordedsoundsthattheylikelyhadneverheardbefore.Onewasawarningcryofathornbill(刺喙蜂鳥),abirdnotnativetoAustralia.Theotherwasacomputer-generatedbirdsoundcalled“buzz”．Whenthe16fairywrensinthestudyfirstheardthesounds，theyhadnospecialreaction.Thescientiststhentriedtotrainhalfofthebirdstorecognizethethornbill'scryasawarningsound.Theytriedtotraintheotherhalftorecognizethecomputer-generated“buzz”asawarningcall.Afterthreedays,thescientiststestedwhatthebirdshadlearned—andtheir“students”passedthetest.Thefairywrenstrainedwiththethornbill'scry,fledwhentheyheardit.Thegrouptrainedwiththe“buzz”，fledwhentheyheardthatsound.Neithergroupreactedtothesoundtaughttotheother.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。作者通過介紹Radford和澳大利亞國立大學的研究人員在堪培拉的國家植物園開展的研究實驗，說明了鳥類可以通過人為培訓，從而“識別聲音”。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“predators”inthefirstparagraphmean？AA．Enemies. B．Neighbors.C．Birds. D．Snakes.解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Somebirds，forexample，fleewhenneighborsmakealoudnoisetoannounceasnake'spresence.”可知，有一些鳥在它們的鄰居發(fā)出大叫來宣告有蛇出沒時會逃跑。由此可推知，畫線詞所在句表示當天敵就在附近時，野生動物會互相傾聽警告。故畫線詞的詞義與A項相近。2．Whichistherightorderoftheexperiment？Ba．Thefairywrensweredividedintotwoparts.b．Thefairywrensmadenoreactiontothestrangesounds.c．Radfordandresearchersworesound-producingequipment.d．Thefairywrensweretrainedseparately.e．Thefairywrenspassedthetestsuccessfully.A．a(chǎn)bcde B．cbadeC．cebad D．a(chǎn)cedb解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第五至八段的內(nèi)容可知，實驗的順序是：Radford和研究人員穿戴聲音產(chǎn)生裝備、科學家播放兩組錄音但細尾鷯鶯未對錄音作出反應、細尾鷯鶯被分成兩組分別訓練、最后細尾鷯鶯成功通過測試。故選B。3．ItcanbelearnedfromthestudythatthefairywrensD.A．werenotgood“foreignlanguage”learnersB．madenoreactiontothesoundsallthetimeC．tookbothofthesoundsaswarningsD．fledwhenhearingthesoundtaughttothem解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，細尾鷯鶯被訓練成功，通過了測試，當它們聽到訓練時代表警告的聲音時，它們會飛走。故選D。4．ThepassageisprobablytakenfromB.A．a(chǎn)biologytextbookB．a(chǎn)sciencemagazineC．a(chǎn)sciencefictionD．a(chǎn)wildlifebrochure解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇說明文，作者通過介紹Radford和澳大利亞國立大學的研究人員在堪培拉的國家植物園開展的研究實驗，說明了鳥類可以通過人為培訓，從而“識別聲音”。由此可推知，本文很可能摘自科學雜志。故選B。B(2020·湖南省高三六校聯(lián)考)IfIscratchyourbackandyouscratchmine,thenwe'rebothbetteroffasaresult—sogoestheprincipleofreciprocity.Ashumans,wearefamiliarwiththeconcept,whetheritisbybuyingroundsofdrinksorexpellingdiplomats.Butdoanimalsalsohelpthosewhohelpthem?Theanswermaybeyes.ApaperbyDolivoandTaborskyshowsthatNorwayratswillonlygiveasgoodastheyget.Intheirlaboratory,DolivoandTaborskyfirsttrainedratstopullastickthatprovidedafooditemwithinthereachofaratinaneighboringcageseparatedfromthembywiremesh(鐵絲網(wǎng))．Theythenintroducedafurthertreatmentinwhichanexperimentalratwasplacedinacagewithothercagedratsoneitherside.Ononesidetheratpulledastickthatprovidedpiecesofcarrottotheratinthecentralcage,whiletheotherpulledastickthatproducedbananapieces.Inthefollowingtrialsthefocalrat(theoneinthecentralcage)hadtheopportunitytorepaytheotherratsusingthesamesticktooltodeliverfooditems.Now,theratshadtypicallyturnedtheirnosesupatthecarrotandshowedastrongpreferenceforthemoredesirablebanana.Onthebasisthatthebanana-providingratshouldbethereforerememberedasthesuperiorpartner,theauthorspredictedthatinthetestphase(階段)thefocalratwouldmorereadilyprovidehelpforbanana-offeringratsthanforcarrot-offeringrats.Thisprovedtobethecase:theratsthathadprovidedbetterhelpinthepastreceivedgreaterrewards—itseemedthattheywerebehavingreciprocally.DolivoandTaborsky'sexperimentsshowthatratscanrecallthequalityofhelpprovidedandbywhichrat,andadjusttheirbehaviorsoastoinvestmoretimeandenergyinhelpingthosethathelpedthem.Itisapparentthatweshouldn'tundervaluetheabilityofanimalstoengageinreciprocity.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章詳細介紹了Dolivo和Taborsky用挪威老鼠做實驗得出結論的過程。實驗的結果告訴人們，我們不應該低估動物的互惠能力。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocity”probablyreferto？BA．Theactofbeingkindtootherpeople.B．Acooperativeexchangeoffavors.C．Apositiveattitudetoeverything.D．Thequalityofbeinggenerous.解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“IfIscratchyourbackandyouscratchmine，thenwe'rebothbetteroffasaresult”可知，如果兩個人互相抓背，則兩人都能得到好處，由此可推知，reciprocity意為“互惠”。故B項正確。6．Whatwouldhappenifaratpulledthestick？CA．Itwouldfindsomefoodinitsowncage.B．Otherratswouldbeabletoenteritscage.C．Anotherratinanothercagewouldgetfood.D．Itwouldbeabletoenteraneighboringcage.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容和第三段尾句“Ononesidetheratpulledastickthatprovidedpiecesofcarrottotheratinthecentralcage,whiletheotherpulledastickthatproducedbananapieces.”可推知，如果一只老鼠拉棍子，則另一個籠子里的老鼠會吃到食物。故C項正確。7．Whichgotmorebenefitfromthefocalrat？DA．Theratsthatpreferredcarrotpieces.B．Theratsthatpreferredbananapieces.C．Theratsthathadprovidedcarrotpieces.D．Theratsthathadprovidedbananapieces.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容尤其是“theratsthathadprovidedbetterhelpinthepastreceivedgreaterrewards”可知，提供香蕉片的老鼠會得到更多的回報。故D項正確。8．WhichofthefollowingmightDolivoandTaborskyagreewith？AA．Someanimalsmayreturnothers'help.B．Norwayratshaveverypoormemories.C．Itishardtoexplaintheabilityofanimals.D．Rats'behaviorisveryuncommon.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第一句“DolivoandTaborsky’sexperimentsshowthatratscanrecallthequalityofhelpprovidedandbywhichrat，andadjusttheirbehaviorsoastoinvestmoretimeandenergyinhelpingthosethathelpedthem.”可知，Dolivo和Taborsky的實驗表明，老鼠能夠回憶起誰提供的幫助和幫助的質量，并調(diào)整它們的行為，從而投入更多的時間和精力去幫助那些幫助過它們的同類，由此可推知，動物會回報幫助過它們的對象。故A項正確。Ⅲ.短文改錯InChina,peopleandgiantpandashadbeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButChina'shumanpopulationhasbeengreatgrowing.Morepopulationmeansmorelandisneededforfarming.Italsomeanmoreforestsarecutforwoodtobuildandheathouses.Lossofhabitatinlowlandareashasforcedpandasliveonlyinthemountains.Themostdamagedresultofdevelopmenthasbeenthatithasdividedthepanda'shabitatintolittleislandsofforest.Today,manypandaareisolatedinthesesmallsectionsofforest,becauseoftheywillcrossintoareaswhichpeoplelive.Theresultisthatthegiantpandascanconnectwithoneanothertomateandhavebabies.Besides,toourrelief,thereisstillsomegoodnewsthatpeoplearetryingtohelpthegiantpandasbycreatingprotectedareas.答案：InChina,peopleandgiantpandaseq\o(had,\s\do8(have))beenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButChina'shumanpopulationhasbeeneq\o(great,\s\do8(greatly))gro