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2023年陜西省寶雞市鳳翔縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》全真模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Researchshowsthatwhenweareabsorbedinanactivity,evenminordistractions(分心)canhaveahugeeffect.Accordingtoastudy,regainingour1drivefollowinganinterruptioncantakeabout20minutes.Multitasking(多任務(wù)),asmanystudieshaveshown,isamyth(謬論).Amoreaccurate2ofwhathappenswhenwetellourselveswearemultitaskingisthatwe’rerapidly3betweenactivities,suckingourmentalenergy.Andthe4canbesurprisinglyserious.Anexperimentfoundthatweloseasmanyas10IQpointswhenweallowourworktobe5bydistractionslikeemailsandtextmessages.The6isthatmultitaskingisenjoyable.It’sfuntosatisfyyourcuriosity.Whoknowswhatthatnextemailortextmessageholds7?Findingoutprovidesimmediatesatisfaction.8,resistingdistractionsandstayingontaskrequires9andmentaleffort.So,whatarewetodo?Ourstrategyistochangethe10tomovetemptationfurtheraway:shutdownyouremailprogramor11yourphone.It’saloteasiertostayontaskwhenyou’renot12fightingoffmentaldesires.Thealternative,whichmostofusconsidercommon,is13todietinginabakery.Weallneedthewillpowertoresistthetemptations,butdoingsocomeswith14coststoourlimitedsupplyofwillpower.Anotherworthwhile15istocollectsimilaractivitiestogether,keepingtransition(轉(zhuǎn)換)timetoa16point.Insteadofspreadingphonecalls,meetingsandemailsthroughoutyourday,try17relatedtaskssothattherearefewertransitions.Insomejobs,multitaskingis18.Someofustrulydoneedtostay19toourclients,colleaguesandmanagers.Soit'sworthnotingthatlimitingdisruptionsistheonlysolution.Rememberthemoreyoudotominimizetask-switchingoverthecourseoftheday,themoreabilityyou’llhaveforactivitiesthatactually20.Evensmallchangescanmakeabigdifference.1、A.initialB.personalC.innerD.a(chǎn)mbitious2、A.planB.a(chǎn)ccountC.predictionD.insight3、A.switchingB.swingingC.swappingD.shuttling4、A.benefitsB.reasonsC.consequencesD.challenges5、A.guidedB.changedC.a(chǎn)daptedD.interrupted6、A.a(chǎn)dvantageB.emphasisC.troubleD.practice7、A.instockB.instoreC.incheckD.inpossession8、A.AsaruleB.AsaresultC.InshortD.Incontrast9、A.patienceB.disciplineC.courageD.a(chǎn)ttention10、A.expectationB.taskC.environmentD.vision11、A.replaceB.silenceC.a(chǎn)nswerD.pick12、A.continuouslyB.finallyC.passionatelyD.directly13、A.similarB.relevantC.superiorD.opposite14、A.a(chǎn)ffordableB.basicC.considerableD.modest15、A.researchB.a(chǎn)spectC.reactionD.a(chǎn)pproach16、A.minimumB.maximumC.turningD.fixed17、A.a(chǎn)nalyzingB.groupingC.a(chǎn)ssigningD.undertaking18、A.disturbingB.a(chǎn)nnoyingC.unavoidableD.unnecessary19、A.sympatheticB.loyalC.a(chǎn)ccustomedD.connected20、A.matterB.functionC.workD.interfereSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1AteacherfromRelaxKidsinTamworth,UK,usedtwoapplestoshowherstudentsthedamaging,andoftenunseen,consequencesofbullying(欺凌).Andherpostaboutthepowerfullessonhasgoneviral.RosieDuttonexplainedthatduringoneofherclassessheintroducedthechildrentotworedapples.Whatthekidsdidn'tknowwasthatbeforethelesson,Duttonhadrepeatedlydroppedoneoftheapplesonthefloor.Andyet,ontheoutsideatleast,bothappleslookedperfect."IpickeduptheappleI'ddroppedonthefloorandstartedtotellthechildrenhowIdislikedthisapple,andthatIthoughtitwasdisgusting,itwasahorriblecolourandthestemwasjusttooshort,"Duttonwrote.Shethenencouragedthestudentstodothesame.Someofthechildrenlookedatherlikeshewas“crazy”,butthestudentspassedtheapplearoundthecircle,callingitnames.Continuingtheexercise,theteacherthenpassedthesecondapplearoundthecircle.Thisapple,however,wasshoweredwithcommentslike:“Yourskinisbeautiful,"and"whatabeautifulcolouryouare."Duttonthenshowedthestudentsbothapplesonceagain,highlightingthat"therewasnochange,bothapplesstilllookedthesame."Thatis,untilshecutthemopen."Theapplewe'dsaidunkindwordstowasbruisedandallmushy(糊狀的)inside,"shesaid.Therewas,shesaid,animmediate"lightbulb"momentforherstudents."Theyreallygotit.Whatwesawinsidethatapple,thebruises,themushandthebrokenbitsiswhatishappeninginsideeveryoneofuswhensomeonemistreatsuswiththeirwordsoractions."Duttonexplainedhowimportantitistoteachchildrentostandupforoneanother,andtostopanyformofbullying.“Let’screateagenerationofkindcaringchildren,”theteacherwrote.“Thetonguehasnobones,butisstrongenoughtobreakaheart.Sobecarefulwithyourwords.”1、Whathadtheteacherdonetothefirstapplebeforethelesson?A.ShehadintroducedittothekidsB.ShehaddamageditpurposelyC.ShehadmadeitlookperfectD.Shehadcoloureditbrightly2、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“callingitnames”(Para.3)mean?A.SayingrudethingsB.MakingfunofitC.CheeringforitD.Shoutingatit3、Whatdidtheteacherinstructthekidstodowiththesecondapple?A.DropitB.PraiseitC.IgnoreitD.Observeit4、What’sthepurposeoftheteacher’susingtwoapplesinclass?A.Todrawthekids’attentionB.ToexplainherpersonalpreferencesC.TomakeacomparisonbetweenthemD.TohelpthekidsunderstandtheresultsofbullyingText2OxfordEnglishLanguageCenterInformationforNewStudentsCLASSTIME:8:30a.m.-10:00a.m.,10:30a.m.-12:00a.m.,1:30p.m.-3:00p.m.TheLanguageCenterisopenMondaytoFriday.Eachclasshasoneafternoonfreeperweek.Onthefirstday,gotothelecturehalltocheckyourtimetable.SELF—ACCESS:Thelanguagelaboratory(Room1110)isopenMondaytoFridayfrom3:15p.m.to5:00p.m.forallfull-timestudents.Youcanlearnhowtousecomputersforlanguagegamesorword-processing.TherearetapesforstudentstoborrowtopracticetheirEnglish.Goinandasktheteachertoshowyou.Ifyouplantotakepublicexaminations,therearedictationandlisteningcomprehensiontapesforyoutopracticewith.Thereareclozeexercisesonthecomputers.Askyourclassteacherforalistofpastexamessays.Studentscanborrowtapestotakehomebuttheymustbereturnedaftertwodays.ATTENDANCE:
Allstudentsareexpectedtoattendclassesasitisrequired.StudentswhodonotattendclasseswillbereportedtoOSS.Eightypercentattendanceisrequiredforstudentstoreceivetheircertificates
whentheyfinishtheircourses.ItisalsorequiredbyOSSforanextensiontoyourvisa.BOOKS:
Ifstudentsaregivencoursebooks,thebooksaretheirresponsibility.Ifabookislost,thestudentwillbeexpectedtopayforit.Ifstudentswishtobuybooks,thereisabookshopinthecollegespecializinginEnglishbooks(Room3520).1、Whendoclassesbeginandendonafullday?A.8:30a.m.—1:30p.m..B.8:30a.m.—3:00p.m..C.8:30a.m.—3:15p.m..D.3:15p.m.—5:00p.m..2、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Noteachersareinthelanguagelab.B.90%attendanceisrequiredforthestudents.C.Bookscan’tbetakenoutofthecenter.D.Studentscanprepareforexamsbylisteningtotapes.3、Thebooksthatthestudentswishtobuyarein________.A.thelecturehallB.thelanguagelaboratoryC.Room1110D.Room3520Text3Thepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists(人類(lèi)學(xué)家).Descriptionslike"Palaeolithic(舊石器時(shí)代的)Man"."Neolithic(新石器時(shí)代的)Man",etc.neatlysumupwholeperiods.Whenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcentury,theywillsurelychoosethelabel"LeglessMan".Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:"inthetwentiethcentury,peopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincars,busesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Andthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn'tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday."Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprived(剝奪)oftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanother,wefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird's-eyeviewoftheworld.
Whenyoutravelbycarortrain,anunclearpictureofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardrivers,especially,aremixedwiththeurgetogoonandon:theyneverwanttostop.Thetypicaltwentieth-centurytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssays"I'vebeenthere."Youmentiontheremotest,andsomeoneisboundtosay"I'vebeenthere"-meaning,"Idrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse."Whenyoutravelathighspeeds,thepresentmeansnothing:youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrival,whenitisachieved,ismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethis,yoususpendallexperience.Thetraveleronfoot,ontheotherhand,livesconstantlyinthepresent.
Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicaltiredness.Heknowsthatsound,satisfyingsleepwillbehis:thejustrewardofalltruetravelers.1、Anthropologistslabelmannowadays"LeglessMan"because_____.A.peopleprefercars,busesandtrainsB.peopleusetheirlegslessandlessC.liftspreventpeoplefromwalkingD.peopletravelwithoutusinglegs2、Accordingtothepassage,whatmightmakepeoplelosetherightofusingtheireyes?A.themodernmeansoftransportation.B.Abird’s-eyeviewoftheworld.C.Theunclearsightfromthevehicles.D.Thefast-pacedlifestyle.3、Fromthepassage,weknowtravelingathighspeedsmeans_______.A.a(chǎn)ppreciatingbeautifulsceneryB.experiencinglifeskillsC.focusingonthenextdestinationD.feelingphysicaltiredness4、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Moderntransportationdeviceshavereplacedlegs.B.Travelingmakestheworldasmallplace.C.Human’shistorydevelopsveryfast.D.Thebestwaytotravelisonfoot.Text4Theoldtraditionalsayingaboutsleepingwithoneeyeopeninanunfamiliarplacemaynotbetoofaroffthemark.Overthecourseofthreeexperimentson35youngandhealthyvolunteers,researchersinanewstudymeasuredbrainactivityduringtwocontinuousnightsofsleep.Sasakiandcolleaguesperformedaseriesoflabtestsbystimulatingtheleftandthentherighthemisphere(大腦的半球)withsounds.Onthesecondnight,therewasn’tanydifferenceinreactionstotestsbetweentheleftandrighthemispheres,evenduringdeepsleep.Thissuggeststhatthereisafirst-night-onlyeffectspecificallyinonehemisphereofthebrainduringdeepsleep,theauthorsconclude.Thewayparticipantsrespondedtothesleeplabtestspointstothepotentialforthebraintobeonhighalertfordangerduringthefirstnightinunfamiliarsurroundings.Whilethismaybebadnewsforbusinesstravelerswhoregularlymakebriefovernighttrips,itmaynotbeastroublesomeforpeoplewhogoawayforlongerperiodsoftime,Sasakiaddedbyemail.“Frequenttravelmayleadtounrestfulsleep,”Sasakisaid.“Butifyoustayforafewdaysatthesameplace,yoursleepmightcatchup.”Somebirdshavebeenfoundtoactuallysleepwithoneeyeopenandonesideofthebrainawakewhenthey’reinadangeroussetting,andsomemarinemammalshavesimilarabilities,theauthorsnote.Butthenewstudyfocusesonhealthyvolunteersbutnotpeoplewithinsomniaorothersleepdisorders,theauthorsnote.“Theclinicalimplicationshaven’tbeenconfirmedatthemoment,”Finan,apsychiatry(精神醫(yī)學(xué))andbehavioralhealthresearchersaid.“However,thelevelofspecificityprovidedbytheseanalysescouldbeanimportantfirststepinunderstandingwhatsleepdisorderslikeinsomnia(失眠)arisefrom,whichisthoughttobedriveninmanypatientsbycontinuinghavingalotofworries.”1、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“maynotbetoofaroffthemark”inParagraph1mean?A.MaymakesenseB.Mayberidiculous.C.MaycauseargumentsD.Maybedisturbing.2、WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A.Peopleareusedtowakingupandgoingtobedearlywhentravelling.B.Businesstravelersusuallyhaveabriefsleepatnight.C.Itbringsmuchtroubletothosewhostayfarawayfromtheirhomes.D.Ittakestimeforpeopletoadaptthemselvestoanewenvironment.3、AccordingtoFinan,thestudyishelpfulin________.A.findingouttherootcauseofsleepdisordersB.tellingtheeffectofworriesonsleepdisordersC.comfortingasmanypatientswithsleepdisordersaspossibleD.offeringwaystofreethepatientsfromthesufferingofsleepdisordersPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Anactorhadalready1.(be)outofworkfor15yearsbecausehealwaysforgothislinesThenonedayhegotaphonecallfromadirector2.wantedhimforasmallpartinaplayAllhe3.(have)tosaywas“Jim!Ihearthetraincoming!”Afterseveralsleepless4.(night),theactordecided5.(take)theroleOpeningnightarrived,andwhilehewaswaiting6.(nervous)backstage,theactorpractisedover7.overagain,“Jim!Ihearthetraincoming!Jim!Ihearthetraincoming”ThetimeforhisscenefinallycameAs8.a(chǎn)ctorcameontothestage,heheardanoise9.(come)fromthedistance,gettingnearerand10.(near)Heturnedaroundandaskedthedirector,“What'sthatnoise?”Thereisawoman1.(name)Daisywhohasdevotedallherlifeto2.(attend)tothehomelesschildrenIt’sgenerallyrecognizedthatwhatshehasdoneforchildren3.(deserve)toberespectedbyeveryone4.(personal)speaking,herselflessbehaviorsetsagoodexampletousTherewasatimewhenIcameacrossDaisywho5.(invite)todeliveraspeech,duringwhichsheindicated,“6.(take)careofhomelesschildrenisjust7.ordinaryjob,butitdoesn’tmeanthatyoucanlookdown8.itEveryjobisequalWecan’tsaywhichoneis9.(good)”Shealsosaid,“Onceyousetouttodosomething,yououghttocarryonwithittotheend,10.youwillgainnothingintheend”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsoryourlegsforsometime,theybecomeweak;whenyoustartusingthemagain,theyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthis,andnobodywouldthinkofquestioningthefact.1、Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyexercisingitregularly,eitherconsciouslyorunconsciously.Whensomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoor,hereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughopportunitytobecomestrong.2、Oneofthemexerciseshisarmsandlegsbyplayingtennis,whiletheothersitsinachairoramotorcarallday.Ifafriendcomplainsthathisarmsareweak,weknowthatitishisownfault.3、,manyofusthinkthathisparentsaretoblame,orthatheisjustunlucky,andfewofusrealizethatitisjustasmuchhisownfaultasifitwashisarmsorlegsthatwereweak.Notallofuscanbecomeextremelyclever;butallofuscan,ifwehaveordinarybodiesandbrains,improveourstrengthandourmemorybythesamemeans—practice.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplewhocannotreadorwriteusuallyhavebettermemoriesthanthosewhocan?4、Ofcourse,becausethosewhocannotreadorwritehavetorememberthings;theycannotwritethemdowninalittlenotebook.Theyhavetorememberdates,timeandprices,names,songsandstories;sotheirmemoryisthewholetimebeingexercised.5、,learnfromthepoor:practiseremembering.A.Whatdoyouthinkofit?
B.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.
C.Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemory
D.Soifyouwantagoodmemory
E.Whensomeoneelsesaysthatheispoorinthehealth
F.Whyisthis?
G.Thepositionisexactlythesameasthatoftwopeople.
Haveyouevernoticedhowterribleweatherseemstodragyourspiritsdown?1、Bu
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