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易錯點08動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)易錯考點【01】從句中的客觀事實真理永一般。在賓語從句中,如果從句表述的是客觀事或真理,則無論主語是哪種時刻,從句永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時,如:Theteachertoldustheearthgoesaroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。易錯考點【02】不規(guī)則動詞的過去式與過去分詞。從中考閱卷可以看出,學(xué)生好多錯誤都是因為對不規(guī)則動詞的過去式與過去分詞掌握不牢造成的,所以在復(fù)習(xí)時,要特別關(guān)注不規(guī)則動詞過去式與過去分詞的變化方法,分類整理,記住特殊詞。為方便記憶,單獨整理成文件,可以把自己不會的標(biāo)注,并利用記憶規(guī)律記憶。易錯考點【03】現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時超級易錯考點,好多學(xué)生都因為對這兩種時態(tài)分不清而出錯?,F(xiàn)在完成時:表示過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。它強調(diào)持續(xù)與影響,并不一定完成。Ihavelostmypen.我把鋼筆弄丟了。(過去某個時間丟的,現(xiàn)在還沒有找到。發(fā)生在過去,影響到現(xiàn)在)。Shehasbeenateachersincetwoyearsago.她從兩年前就當(dāng)老師了。(從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。)一般過去時:表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)表示過去習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。它只強調(diào)過去。如Wevisitedthefactorylastweek.上周我們參觀了那家工廠。易錯考點【04】延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞的用法。現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作從過去某個時候開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,與一段時間連用時應(yīng)注意肯定句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性動詞,非延續(xù)性動詞不能和一段時間連用。我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)8年了。誤:I'veleftthisschoolforeightyears.正:I’vebeenawayfromthisschoolforeightyears.他借用我的詞典已經(jīng)兩天了。誤:Hehasborrowedmydictionaryfortwodays.正:Hehaskeptmydictionaryfortwodays.不過,在否定句中非延續(xù)性動詞可與一段時間連用。Ihaven’tgonetoseehimforseveralmonths.我已經(jīng)好幾個月沒去看他了。非延續(xù)性動詞與一段時間連用時可采用下列三種方法:a.將非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞,如下表:非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞buyhavediebedeadborrowkeepcatchacoldhaveacoldopenbeopenputonwearclosebeclosedwakeupbeawakebegin/startbeonfallasleepbeasleepcomebeherelosenothavegobetherejoinbeinfinishbeoverleavebeawayarrive/reachbeb.將時間狀語改為過去的時間,并用一般過去時代替,現(xiàn)在完成時。c.用句型“Itis+—段時間+since從句(從句中的謂語|動詞用非延續(xù)性動詞的過去式)”表示。 Itistwoyearssincetheoldmandied.個老人已經(jīng)死了兩年了。易錯考點【05】havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin辨析havebeento、havegoneto和havebeenin是現(xiàn)在完成時的三個常見的結(jié)構(gòu)。它們的用法有很大的差異,應(yīng)注意不可混用。havebeento表示“過去曾去過某地”,說話時已從該地回來或已從該地去了其他地方。(現(xiàn)在已不在該地。)havegoneto則表示“已去了某地”,說話時不在說話地點,或已到了該地,或在途中。(現(xiàn)在還未回來)havebeenin表示“已在某地(待了多久)”,若該地為小地方,則in需用at代替。當(dāng)后面跟副詞時只用havebeen,不可用任何介詞。例:JimhasgonetoLondonwithhisfamily.吉姆已和他的家人去了倫敦。HaveyoubeentoBeijingbefore?你以前去過北京嗎?TheGreenshavebeeninChinafortwoyears.格林一家在中國已兩年了。LiLei'saunthasbeenatthisschoolfortenyears.李雷的嬸嬸在這個學(xué)校已經(jīng)10年了。TheGreensareinChinanow.Theyhavebeenhereforhalfayear.格林一家現(xiàn)在在中國,他們在這兒已半年了。易錯考點【06】在含有when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中過去進(jìn)行時的運用:主句中的動作先于從句中的動作發(fā)生,且進(jìn)行的時間較長時,主句用過去進(jìn)行時(從句常用一般過去時)從句中的動作先于主句中的動作發(fā)生,且進(jìn)行的時間較長時,從句用過去進(jìn)行時(主句常用一般過去時)若主、從句動作開始的時間不存在先后關(guān)系(即同時發(fā)生)或無所謂先后時,主、從句可同時使用過去進(jìn)行時,此時的時間狀語從句一般由while來引導(dǎo)易錯考點【07】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來,常見的動詞有g(shù)o,come,leave,stay,start,begin等。WeareleavingforLondon.我們就要動身去倫敦了。Sheisgoingtheretomorrow.她明天要去那里。Inthepast,peopledidn'tknowthattheearth________aroundthesun.()A.willmove B.moved C.wouldmove D.moves1.Weallknowthatlight________fasterthansound.()A.travels B.totravel C.travelling D.travelled2.Theteachertoldusthatwaterat0°C.()A.isfrozen B.frozen C.freezes3.Theearthisaplanetanditaroundthesun.()A.goes B.go C.willgo D.wentThisnovelisveryinteresting.Mybrotherhasread(read)itthreetimes.1.Myteacherhastaughtmetotreatolderpeoplewithrespectinthepastfewyears.(teach)2.Lastweekend,Davidavisittohisgrandparentsinthecountryside.()A.pays B.paid C.willpay D.haspaid3.Wealsolookforwaystoreviewwhatwehavelearned(learn)sincethreeyearsago.Tom,you________inthiscitysince2019.Whatdoyouthinkofit?()A.havelived B.live C.lived D.willlive1.ThethreeChineseastronauts_______safelyfromspaceonApril16,2022.()A.returned B.a(chǎn)rereturning C.havereturned D.hadreturned2.﹣MissHu,Ihaven'tseenyouforalongtime.﹣Yes.IasavolunteernurseinShanghaiforamonth.Icamebackyesterday.()A.worked B.a(chǎn)mworking C.haveworked D.work3.﹣It'sapitythatthereisnoticketforsale.﹣Don'tworry.I_____thetickets.()A.a(chǎn)mbuying B.buy C.wasbuying D.haveboughtThatpoormanhasforthreeyears.()A.died B.beendied C.dead D.beendead1.—Couldyoutellmewhenthetalkshowbegan?—It________sinceMr.Greencame.Youmissedtheexcitingbeginning.Whatapity!()A.hasbeenon B.hasbegun C.hasbeenbegun2.﹣Howlonghaveyou________?﹣Fortwoweeks.()A.borrowedthelibrarybook B.boughtyournewcar C.beenbackfromabroad D.comebackfromschool3.﹣CouldyoutellmehowlonghasRobert______?﹣Since2004.()A.becomeadoctor B.studiedinourschool C.joinedtheclub D.beentoBeijing易錯題易錯題05﹣MayIspeaktoLucy,please?﹣Sorry,she_______thepostoffice.She_______therehoursago.()A.hasgoneto;hadgone B.hasbeento;went C.hasgoneto;went D.hasbeento;hasgone1.﹣Haveyou_________toAmerica?﹣Yes,I________therelastyear.()A.been,havegone B.been,went C.gone,havebeen D.gone,went2.—Whywon'tweplaybasketballwithClass4thisafternoon?—Becausethey________Hangzhouforastudytrip.()A.havegoneto B.havebeento C.wentto D.hadbeen3.—Let'sgotoMissDengforsomeadvice.—We'dbettermakeitanothertime.Shehas________NewZealandforaholidaysoshe________beathome.()A.beento,maynot B.beento,shouldn't C.goneto,can't D.goneto,mustn't易錯題易錯題06I______aboutmysisterwhenmyphonerang.Itwasher!()A.think B.willthink C.wasthinking D.a(chǎn)mthinking1.He_____withourteacherwhenIsawhim.()A.wastalking B.talks C.hastalked D.willtalk2.—Oh!What'swrongwithyourleg?—IhurtitwhileI______________mountains.()A.climb B.wasclimbing C.a(chǎn)mclimbing D.haveclimbed3.Linglingmetherfavouritepresenterwhileshe_______theradiostation.()A.visits B.willvisit C.isvisiting D.wasvisiting易錯題易錯題07.﹣Thecoffeeisfinished!﹣Oh,sorry!I______totheshoptogetsome.()A.a(chǎn)mgoing B.wasgoing C.went D.havegone1.﹣Jim,isyourfatherin?﹣No,buthebackhomeintwentyminutes.()A.come B.iscoming C.coming D.comes2.-WeforGuiyangtomorrow.-Haveagoodtrip.()A.left B.wereleaving C.a(chǎn)releaving D.hasleft3.Hurryup.Thetrain_________intwentyminutes.()A.left B.hasleft C.isleaving D.hasbeenaway1.Dannyhasbeenreadyfortheexam________lastJune.Hegotapleasantresult.()A.while B.a(chǎn)fter C.before D.since2.﹣I_______thebookOliverTwistthreetimes.It'sreallyinteresting.﹣Really?When_______you_______it?()A.haveread;have;read B.read;will;read C.haveread;did;read3.—ThedevelopmentoftheITindustry________Shenzhenatopcityinthepastyears.—Nowondermoreandmoreyoungpeoplehuntjobsthere.()A.made B.hasmade C.willmake D.makes4.Hehas________thehometown________nearlytwoyears.()A.left;since B.beenawayfrom;since C.beenawayfrom;for D.left;for5.Don'tmakeanynoise.We__________toapieceofwonderfulmusic.()A.listened B.a(chǎn)relistening C.listen D.havelistened6.Pleasekeepquiet.Thesickasleep.()A.fell B.werefalling C.havefallen D.fall7.Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearth______thesun.()A.wentaround B.goesaround C.isgoingaround D.wasgoingaround8.China_________ninegoldmedalsattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.()A.wins B.iswinning C.won D.willwin9.____you______Zhangjiajietomorrow?()A.Doleave B.Areleaving C.Haveleft10.﹣HaveyoueverreadbooksbyJinYong?﹣Yes,butIcan'trememberwhenIit.()A.read B.werereading C.haveread D.willread11.Thesmallself﹣servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen________.()A.infiveyears'time B.forthetimebeing C.bytheendoflastyear D.forfiveyears12.﹣﹣﹣Howlonghaveyourparents____________?﹣﹣﹣Forabout15years.()A.lefttheirhometown B.gottoJinan C.joinedtheping﹣pongclub D.workedinthiscity13.BythetimeIarrivedhome,mymom______cooking.()A.hasfinishing B.hadfinished C.finished D.wasfinishing14.There__________greatchangesinourlifesincetheoutbreakofCOVID﹣19.()A.were B.havebeen C.a(chǎn)re D.is15.—Maria,whatdoyouthinkofMountFanjing?—Verycool.I______theretwice.I'dliketogothereagain.()A.hasgone B.havebeen C.went D.willgo16.—Whereisyoursister?Ican'tfindher.—Oh,shethelibrary.Shewillcomebacksoon.()A.wentto B.hasgoneto C.hasbeento D.hasbeeni
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