重難點40短文填空之選詞填空-2023年中考英語【熱點·重點·難點】專練(全國通用)(原卷版)

專項五中考題型重難點40短文填空之選詞填空 短文選詞填空題型滿分技巧 1.跳過空格，速讀全文，把握大意短文填空題的正確答題流程應該為：粗讀全文，細讀全文并完成每道題目的作笞復讀檢查。在粗讀階段，大家應學會無視短文填空題中的空格，直接獲取整篇短文的主要信息，以便后續(xù)作答環(huán)節(jié)利用整篇文章的主旨辨別錯誤選項。2.細讀全文，瞻前顧后，各個擊破在細讀階段，大家首先應從語法角度直接對題目進行判斷。若無法確定答案，則應聯(lián)系該空格的前后文，獲得該題目的提示信息，逐一完成作答,短文填空題的解答最好按前后順序完成，當后部題目的解笞面臨困擾時，大家可再次精讀前文，尋找線索，最終正確作答。熱點話題短文熱衷話題有：社會熱點、科技、循環(huán)利用、日常生活、健康等。短文填詞答題技巧口訣空前空后要注意，名詞單復要牢記。要有’s不能棄。動詞注意要變形，＂皇帝＂、＂大臣＂要分清。形、副注意要用三級，副詞用法要謹記。要用數(shù)詞請留意，千萬別忘＂基＂和＂序＂。填入代詞需慎重，五格變化記心中。選詞填空是指把一篇文章的關鍵詞語挖空，詞序打亂，讓學生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確的詞語填空。此類題型主要是要求學生在正確理解和把握文章的基礎上，通過分析行文線索來填寫空缺單詞，補全短文。中考英語試卷中，短文題材非常廣泛，可以是科普文、故事、體育甚至文化習俗等、不過、所選的文章，一般都是大家比較熟悉的材料。選詞填空題考查學生對備選詞的掌握及對語法的運用能力。做題時要根據(jù)句子結構確定句中所缺詞的詞性，然后結合句意及備選詞即可得出答案。典例解析(2020·遼寧撫順本溪遼陽)other

we

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worth

low

seldom

change

however

on

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theyDuringMay,mostplacesinChinaarewarm.ButMountQomolangmaisstill___1___andcoveredwithsnow.Atthistime,agroupofChineseclimbersareclimbingthehighestmountainintheworld.Theyaregoingtomeasure（測量）the___2___ofthemountain.Infact,Chinaalreadymeasuredtheheightofthemountainin1975（8,848.13meters）and2005（8,844.43meters）.Buttheheightcan___3___asEarth’splates（板塊）move.Astechnologyimproves,peoplewanttogetmoreexactnumbers.___4___,measuringitsheightisnoteasy.Thetemperaturethereis-29℃,fourdegreeslowerthanthatinAntarctica（南極）.Thesnowthereis4-5metersthickandstrongwindsblowallthetime.Climbershavetocarryscientificinstrumentstotheworld'srooftop（屋脊）.Theycollectdata（數(shù)據(jù)）___5___thetopofthemountain.Afterthatscientistsstudythedataandcalculate（計算）theheightofthemountain.Todealwiththedifficultconditions,teammembersstartedtraininginJanuary.Theyhavetosleepin___6___tentstokeepwarm.Tosavefreshwater,climbers___7___takeashowerorwashfaces.Asforfood,theyhavethreedishesandsoupforeachmeal.Itiseasytokeepmeatfreshinsucha___8___temperature.Thoughtherearealsosome___9___difficultiesthatwecannotthinkof,themountainis

____10____measuring.Anexactmeasurementcanhelptostudytheplatemovementsothatscientistscanwarnpeoplethecomingoftheearthquakes.【短文大意】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述5月份珠穆朗瑪峰仍然很冷覆蓋著雪，但是一群登山者爬上珠穆朗瑪峰去測量山的高度，盡管有很多困難，但是測量是非常有價值的。準確的測量能幫助研究板塊運動以便于科學家警告人們地震的到來。【答案解析】1．句意：但是珠穆朗瑪峰仍然很冷覆蓋著雪。根據(jù)“coveredwithsnow”可知此處用形容詞cold作表語，表示雖然五月，但是珠穆朗瑪峰仍然“很冷”。故答案為cold。2．句意：他們將測量山的高度。定冠詞the后面用名詞；根據(jù)動詞measure和mountain以及后文“Chinaalreadymeasuredtheheightofthemountain”可知此處用名詞height表示“高度”。故答案為height。3．句意：但是高度會隨著地球板塊的移動而變化。情態(tài)動詞can后用動詞原形；根據(jù)“asEarth’splatesmove”可知此處用動詞change表示“變化”。故答案為change。4．句意：然而，測量高度不是那么容易的。此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，用however表示“然而”,句首首字母h大寫。故答案為However。5．句意：他們在山頂收集數(shù)據(jù)。此處用介詞短語onthetopof表示“在山的頂部”。故答案為on。6．句意：他們不得不睡在他們的帳篷里來保暖。名詞tents前面用形容詞，此處根據(jù)they可知用形容詞性物主代詞their表示“他們的帳篷”。故答案為their。7．句意：為了節(jié)省淡水，爬山的人很少洗澡或洗臉。根據(jù)“Tosavefreshwater”為了節(jié)省水，洗澡和洗臉是很少的，用頻度副詞seldom。故答案為seldom。8．句意：在這么低的溫度下保存肉的新鮮是很容易的。根據(jù)前文“Thetemperaturethereis-29℃”可知溫度很低，溫度用高低（high/low）來形容，用形容詞low做定語。故答案為low。9．句意：盡管還有一些其他的我們不能想象的困難，這座山值得被測量。此處用someother+復數(shù)名詞，表示“一些其他的困難”。故答案為other。10．句意：盡管還有一些其他的我們不能想象的困難，這座山值得被測量。根據(jù)“Anexactmeasurementcanhelptostudytheplatemovementsothatscientistscanwarnpeoplethecomingoftheearthquakes”準確的測量能幫助研究板塊運動以便于科學家警告人們地震的到來?？芍街档帽粶y量，用beworthdoing表示“值得做某事”。故答案為worth。（2022·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請認真閱讀下面短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語，在橫線上填入其正確形式。每個單詞或短語僅用一次。dish

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sothatMomoftensays,“Cookingisanimportantskill,anditcanbefun!”ButIhadnointerestincookingatall___1___Imetwithacookingapp（應用軟件）.Therearedifferentkindsofrecipes（菜譜）intheapp.Theyofferdetailedinstructions___2___userscanfollowthemstepbystep.Mostofthemevenincludephotosorvideos,whicharequiteusefulforbeginners.Lastweek,Ipickedupapopularrecipetocookfish.WhenI___3___,itwasexactlywhatIwantedandtasteddelicious.ThenItriedmorerecipes.NowIcancookacoupleof___4___.IfindcookingisgreatfunanditseemsthatI___5___cooking.Myplanistoinvitemyfriendsovernextweekendandshowthemmynewskills.Ihopetheywilllikemycooking.（2022·浙江寧波·統(tǒng)考中考真題）用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，每詞僅用一次(每空一詞)。happen

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muchLaughterisgoodforyou,andthat’snojoke!Agoodlaughhelpsyourightaway.Whenyoulaugh,changes___6___inyourbody.Forexample,youtakein___7___airthanusual,whichisgoodforyourheart.Agoodlaughincreasesyourheartrate.Whenyoulaugh,yourbrainalsoreleases(釋放)chemicalsthatmakeyoufeelhappy.Laughingcanalsomakeyoufeelrelaxedforupto45minutes.Laughtercan___8___reducepain.Youprobablydon’twanttochuckle(偷笑)whenyou’rehurt,butlaughterhelpsthebodymakeitsown___9___medicine.Laughingisalsogreatexercise!Research___10___thatlaughing100timesisasgoodasridingabikefor15minutes.Sowhydon’tyoutrylaughingoutloudeveryday?（2022·上?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）選擇最恰當?shù)倪x項填入空格，每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次（A）A．a(chǎn)ward

B．pleased

C．litter

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E.tidyLastmonth.GeorgeandSophiedesignedacommunityprogramme.Aftertheactivity,thecommunitycentregavethemaspecial___11___forwhattheyhaddone.Theideacametothemonedayastheywerewalkinghomefromschoolthroughthepark.Theynoticedthattherewasalotof___12___onthegrassandbythelake.Theparkdidn'tlookcleanor___13___,sotheydecidedtoplanacommunityclean-upday.Theyaskedlocalpeopletocomeandhelpclearawayalltherubbish.Peopleinthecommunitywerevery___14___tohearabouttheplanasitcouldmakeacleanerneighbourhood.（B）A．inall

B．chose

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E.breathedInordertomakeitconvenientforpeopletojointhem,they___15___aSundayfortheactivity.Thentheycontactedthecommunitycentretoaskforrubbishbagsforthework.Afterthat.they___16___posterstothehousesnearthepark.Theyalsoputupsomepostersintheirschool.Thatday,morepeoplecamethanexpected-eighty-sixvolunteers___17___.Somewerefromthelocalcommunityandothersfromtheschool.Eventouristscametohelp.Onefamilywas___18___intheareaandtheytookpartintheactivityafterseeingtheposters.Itwasasuccessfulday!（2022·河南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。child

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theyHandwashingwithsoapcanreduce(減少)illnesses.Oneoftheeasiest____19____tostopthespreadofillnessistowashyourhands.Butmanychildrenhaven’t____20____therighthabitofhandwashing.Childrendonotwash____21____handsoftenenoughorlongenough.It’ssuchasimplehabit,butthechildrenaren’tdoingit.Issarandhisfrienddecidedto____22____theproblemusingafunmethod.TheytriedmanytimesandcreatedatoolcalledSoapen.Itturnedhandwashing____23____afunactivity.Asthenamesuggests,Soapenisapen____24____ismadeoutofsoap.ThechildrendrawonhandswiththeSoapenandthenwashthedrawingoff.Thecolorswillremainonthechildren’shands____25____theydon’tspendenoughtimewashingthemoff.Itisvery____26____forateacherinaclassroom.Afterall,notalltheteachershavethetimetomakeeach____27____washhishandsproperly.“Childrenwashhandsmuch____28____thanbeforenowbecausetheylikedrawingonhands.Soapendoeshelpchildrenmakeagoodhabitofhandwashing,”saidIssar.（2022·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文完整、通順。每空不超過兩個詞。proud

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howWhenthemovieLeapwasputonatcinemasonSept.25,2020,itreceivedalotofpraisefromthewholecountry.ThemovieshowsthespiritoftheChinesewomen’svolleyballplayersand____29____journeytobecominganexcellentvolleyballteam.Inordertostandontheworld’s____30____podium(領獎臺),thegirlsofthewomen’svolleyballteamworkeddayandnighttopractice.Finally,theybecamethegoldmedal(金牌)ownersandthe____31____oftheChinesepeople.However,theroadtothechampionship(冠軍稱號)____32____withtearsandsweats(汗水).Theyfellmanytimesandclimbed____33____againandagaintoachievethefinalsuccess.“Withoutgoingthroughthewindandrain,____34____canweseetherainbow(彩虹)?Noonecansucceed____35____.”Thegirlsalwayskeepthesewords____36____mind.Over40yearsofupsanddowns,theyhavegraduallybecomealegend(傳奇)oftheworldvolleyballsport.____37____thecountryandnevergivinguparethekeystotheirsuccess.ThatiswhatthefilmLeapwantsus____38____forever.（2022·湖北隨州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~，并用其適當?shù)男问酵瓿啥涛?，每詞只能用一次，每空一詞。good

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inHowILearnedtoLearnEnglishLastyear,IdidnotlikemyEnglishclass.Everyclasswaslikeabaddream.Theteacherspokeso____39____thatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.Ijust____40____behindmytextbookandneversaidanything.ThenonedayIwatchedanEnglishmoviecalledToyStony.Ifell____41____lovewiththisexcitingandfunnymovie!SoIbegantowatchotherEnglishmovies,too.____42____Icouldnotunderstandeverythingthecharacterssaid,theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheir____43____helpedmetogetthemeaning.Ialso____44____Icouldgetthemeaningbylisteningforjustthekeywords.MypronunciationimprovedaswellbylisteningtotheconversationsinEnglishmovies.Idiscoveredthatlisteningtosomething____45____isthesecrettolanguagelearning.Ialsolearned____46____sentenceslike“It’sapieceofcake”or“Itserveryouright”.Ididnotunderstandthesesentencesatfirst.ButbecauseIwantedtounderstandthestory,Ilooked____47____upinadictionary.NowIreallyenjoymyEnglishclass.IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhavea____48____understandingofEnglishmovies.（2022·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文完整、通順（每空一詞，每詞限用一次）。he

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adviceOnceuponatime,therewasashepherd.Hekeptmanysheep.____49____thedaytime,heherded(放牧)themoutside;atnight,hedrovethemintothesheepfold(羊圈)whichwasenclosedbydrygrassandpegs.Onemorning,theshepherd____50____toherdthesheepandfoundonesheeplost.Hethenfoundthatthesheepfoldhadbeenbrokenandtherewasabig____51____.“Thewolfmusthavestolenthesheepthroughthehole.”Hethought.“You’dbetter____52____thesheepfoldandmendtheholeassoonaspossible.”Theneighboradvisedhim.“Thesheephasbeenlost.It’snouserepairingthesheepfold.”Hedidn’ttaketheneighbor’skind____53____.Thenextmorning,hewenttoherdandfound_____54_____sheeplost.“Thewolfhaddoneitagain!”Theshepherdwasveryangry.Butthistime,heregrettednottaking____55____neighbor’sadviceandnottakingactionintime.Hemendedtheholesoon,andmadethewholesheepfold____56____thanbefore.Fromthenon,hissheepdidn’tgetstolenanymore.Theshepherdwassmart____57____topreventsheepfrombeingstolenbymendingtheholeofthesheepfold.Whatwouldyoudo____58____youmadeamistakeordidsomethingwrong?Dosomethingtomakeitup,justasthesayinggoes,“Betterlatethannever!”（2022·四川資陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）從方框中選擇單詞，并用其正確形式填空。每詞限用一次。country

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decideAsaChinese,yousingorhearthenationalanthem(國歌)MarchoftheVolunteersmanytimes.Butdoyou____59____knowhowitwasborn?____60____1931,September18Incident(九·一八事變)tookplace.ManyChinesepeoplewantedtofightagainstJapaneseinvasion(侵略)andsavethe____61____.In1934,TianHan____62____towriteafilmscript(劇本)towakeupmorepeople.Unluckily,just____63____hefinishedonestoryandthelyrics(歌詞)ofasongforit,hewasputintoprisonbyKMT(國民黨).Then,NieErofferedtowritemusicforthe____64____.Whenheread“Arise,youwhorefusetobeslaves.Withourfleshandblood,letusbuildour____65____GreatWall...Marchon!Marchon!Marchon!On!”,hefeltexcited.Heseemedto____66____thecallofthemothercountryandtheangerofChinesenation.Quickly,hefinishedthemusic.Asongto____67____ChinesespiritandChineseunity(團結)wasbornin1935.OnOctober1,1949,MarchoftheVolunteers,as____68____nationalanthem,wassungonTian’anmenSquareforthefirsttime.（2022·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）clear

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wellWhentheothermodelsappearedonthestage,theaudiencecheeredandclapped.ThenitwasNiu’sturn.Theaudiencesuddenlybecame__69__.However,afterfourorfiveseconds,Niu__70__heardsomeonenexttothestagesayinadmiration,“Socool!”NiuYu,24,becamea(n)__71__staratShanghaiFashionWeekforherconfidence,eventhoughshewaswearingaprostheticleg.WhenNiuwasonly11,she__72__lostherrightlegduringtheWenchuanEarthquake.Niuhaswonlotsofpraise.Thisgivesthosewhohaveprejudice(偏見)againstthedisabledahitonthenose.“I__73__bysomethingtheysaid.Theysaidthetraditionalviewwasthatsportswereforpeoplewith__74__legs,butsportsshouldbeakindofspirit.EventhoughIhavelostaleg,Istilldeeplylovesportsandwilldosoforever,”Niusaid.Actually,Niufirstdrewthepublic'sattentionwhenshe__75__amarathon—a42-kilometerracein2018,whichwasheldinWenchuantomarkthe__76__anniversary(周年紀念)oftheearthquake.Now,Niuworksasaphotographerandhasmorethan850,000__77__onsocialplatforms,suchasDouyin.“IfeelIhaveasocialresponsibilitytobridgethedisabledandthepublic.Showingmylifetothepubliccanallowthemto___78___understandourgroupandcanalsotellotherdisabledpeoplethatoursocietyismoretolerant(寬容)thantheyimagined,”sheexplained.（2022·四川瀘州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后面的括號內(nèi)選出可以填入短文空格處的詞，并將該詞的字母代號（不寫出該詞）填寫在答題卡相應的位置上。Nightcame,noisescalmeddownandtheMexicansportscenteroftheOlympicsstoodquietindarkness.Greenspan,theworldfamousreporter,foundthecenter___79___aftermakingthesceneswherethemarathon（馬拉松）winnersreceivedthemedalsandmarkedthevictory.Itwastimeforhimtoreturntothehotelforarest.Hewasabouttoleavewhenhesuddenlysawabandagedmanranintothecenterwithhisright___80___bleeding.Thismanranlamely（一瘸一拐的）outofbreath,buthedidn’t___81___.Afterheranalongtherunwayforacircleandgottothe___82___,hefelldownontheground.Greenspanguessedthiswasamarathonrunner.Feelinginterested,hewentovertoaskwhytherunnerwantedtoruntothegoalwith___83___adifficulty.Theyoungman___84___KowarifromTanzaniareplied,“Thatmycountrysentmeherefrommorethan20,000kilometersisnottoletmegetoffthemarkinthecompetition,buttomakemecompletethegame.Iwanttoruntothegoal,___85___Ihavefallenbehindallotherrunners.Ihaveagreatgoal___86___them.Iwillruntothegoal.Thoughtheaudience（觀眾）won’tcheermeanymore,mymotherlandiswatchingme___87___frombehind…”TearswelledupinGreenspan’seyes.Soon,he___88___themosttouchingsceneinthehistoryoftheOlympicGamestoeverycorneroftheworld.（A．called

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naturalItwasnearlydark.Thesunwasgoingdown.Alittleboy,Mike,camebackhome____89____fromthemountain.“What’sthematter,Mike?”hismotherasked.“Themountainisso____90____andfullofbigorsmallstonesontheway.Iwasverytired,soIhadtoreturn,”Mikecried.“Itdoesn’tmatter.”hismothersaid.“Butstandingatthetopo