2022年新高考全國一卷英語真題（含答案解析）

2022年新高考全國一卷英語真題

學校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:

Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.All

theassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronline

learningandcoursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshort

in-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromtheprevious

class*lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,

fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobe

completedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclass

perioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Daily

assignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofan

excusedabsencewillbeaccepted.

1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademic

article.

2.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Theanigula（芝麻菜）was

tomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.

Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdays

passed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;Icould

havemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,t4fbodwastegoesagainst

themoralgrain,“asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.jaw-droppinghow

muchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly"（butquiteeatable）vegetables

rejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrow

it.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,uiffoodwaste

wereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.,,

Ifthafshardtounderstand,let'skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmy

refrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12

bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitchenin

Washington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearit

recoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished

（有瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?

Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon'tthink."Everyonecanplayapart

inreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweekly

shoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon'teatJCurtinsays.

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.

5.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

6.WhatdoesCurtin'scompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.

C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.

7.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookafter

tostopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）toreducelonelinessand

improveelderlypeople'swellbeing,Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,a

seriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseof

medicinewherehensareinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"Iusedto

keephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwent

toschool.v

“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthe

hensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.^^

"It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintosee

thehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Vmenjoyingthecreative

activities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethingusefiiL”

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,

andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkonthe

project,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.We

arelookingforwardtothebenefitsandftmtheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.^^

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartin

theproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreative

activities.^^

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.

C.Toraisemoneyfbrmedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderlypeople's

welfare.

9.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon"meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

11.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"and

"a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmore

commonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesin

humanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalled

labiodentals,suchas'f'and"v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatate

softerfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,

Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswere

aligned（對齊）,makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthe

lowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（結構）,makingit

easiertoproducesuchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentof

agricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbone

didn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthe

soundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"f'and'V9increasing

remarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthe

languagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresent

whenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehas

notnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehuge

varietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthings

likebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,44saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearch

team.

12.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Its

development.

13.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

15.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

二、七選五

FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled"FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkout

Partner."Onereasonwas:"You'Uactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyou

atthegym,"whileanotherread:u16Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincrease

yourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle（微妙）competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?

Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.17Ordoyoujustwanttobe

physicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyou

wouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobably

won'tresultinausefulresponse.18Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatperson

mustbelongtothesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincluded

whatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshe

wantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,

andprovidedherphonenumber.19

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.20Overtime,bothof

youwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemore

physicallyfit.Thecore（核心）ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelp

eachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.

B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.

C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner“notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

三、完形填空

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepast

tenyears.

Someofour21arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwere

little.Once,we22alongChalkCreek.Iwas23thatour15-month-oldboy

wouldfallintothecreek（小溪）.Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.

Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas24.andhiscryingletthewholecampground

knowit.So25tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It26—hedidn't

endupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.

Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe27,

butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly28ourpeaceful

morningtrip.The29pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto

30themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No31.Wewerestuckinthe

middleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere32,afishermanpulledup,

threwusaropeandtowed（拖）usback.Wewere33.

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwitha

senseof34,wonderingwhatcampingfunand35wewillexperience

next.

21.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries

22.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

23.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried

24.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid

25.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfbr

26.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed

27.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff

28.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded

29.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed

30.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix

31.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal

32.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly

33.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right

34.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement

35.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict

四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNational

Park(GPNP).36(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes37sizeofYellowstone

NationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwill

extendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat38(be)previouslyunprotected,

bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority39

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP

40(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityand

integrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecological

bufferzones,41leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))fbrfuturegenerations^^.

TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate42

(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and43(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelof

populationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve44anumbrellaspecies(物種),bringingprotectiontoa

hostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPis

intendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies45livewithintheGiant

PandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

五、邀請信

46.假定你是校廣播站英語節(jié)目"TalkandTalk”的負責人李華，請給外教Caroline寫郵

件邀請她做一次訪談。內容包括：

1.節(jié)目介紹；

2.訪談的時間和話題。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearCaroline,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短

文。

Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimary

schoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute（路線）through

thickevergreenforest.

IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftotheside

byafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.I

walkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaid

hehaddecidednottorun.

Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!

Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschoofscoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.

“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,“heexplaineduncomfortably.

“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”

Ibitbackmyfrustration（懊惱）.Iknewthecoachmeantwell-hethoughthewasdoing

therightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhim

comingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.

Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeother

children,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipated

tothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.Thatwaswhynoneofthechildren

thoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhim

longer—that'sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinished

hisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherat

theschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrong

determination.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答.

Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn'tlookatme.

IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.

參考答案:

1.c

2.B

3.A

【解析】

【導語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了文學概論課程評分辦法。

1.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標題“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文學概論課程評分

辦法)“和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthe

gradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章將構成本課程評分的主要部分)”可知，文章介紹

了文學概論課程評分辦法，可得出本文是出自一個課程計劃。故選C項。

2.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標題"Essays(60%)”、“GroupAssignments(30%)”和"DailyWork/In-

ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，學生的最終成績由3部分組

成。故選B項。

3.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwill

earnazero.(如果沒有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會得到零分)“可知，如果在截止日期

后一周才交文章，你將會得零分。故選A項。

4.B

5.B

6.D

7.A

【解析】

【導語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了我們日常生活中的食物浪費現(xiàn)象以及華盛頓DC中央廚房

的首席執(zhí)行官科廷為解決食物浪費而采取的努力。

4.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoesto

答案第1頁，共14頁

waste.（像我們大多數(shù)人一樣，我努力關注那些被浪費的食物）”及"Butasdayspassed,the

arugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;couldhavemadesix

saladswithwhatIthrewout.（但隨著時間的推移，芝麻菜變壞了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索

地買了太多東西；我扔掉的東西可以做六份沙拉）''可推知，作者想通過講述芝麻菜的故事

來表明我們有時會無意間浪費食物。故選B。

5.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother,

resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,

“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesinthe

world.”（生產(chǎn)沒人吃的食物會浪費用于種植食物的水、燃料和其他資源。這使得食物浪費成

為一個環(huán)境問題。事實上，羅伊特寫道，“如果食物浪費是一個國家，它將是世界上第三大

溫室氣體排放國?？芍?，根據(jù)文中的說法，浪費食物的一個后果是對環(huán)境的危害。故選

Bo

6.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,

whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500

poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有」段疵的）produce,thatotherwise

wouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordry

themforuseinmealsdowntheroad.（科廷是華盛頓DC中央廚房的首席執(zhí)行官，該公司把食

物復原，變成健康的食物。去年，該組織通過接受捐贈和收集有瑕疵的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，收回了超

過807500磅的食物，否則這些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品就會在地里腐爛。草莓呢？志愿者們將清洗、切割、

冷凍或干燥它們，以便在路上的餐食中使用）“可知，科廷的公司用人們不想要的食物重新

制作食物。故選D。

7.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的""Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynot

purchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonot

includethesidedishyouwon'teat,”Curtinsays.（“每個人都可以在減少浪費方面發(fā)揮作用，無

論是在每周的購物中不購買不必要的食物，還是要求餐館不包括你不吃的配菜，“科廷說）”

可知，科廷建議人們只買需要的東西來避免浪費食物。故選A。

8.D

答案第2頁，共14頁

9.B

10.C

11.A

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況的項目。

8.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）to

reducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople'swellbeing（該項目由當?shù)匾患掖壬茩C構構想，旨

在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況）”可知，這個項目的目的是為了提高老年人的幸福。

故選D。

9.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“"It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringing

theirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Vmenjoyingthe

creativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseftil.“（有不同的關注點很好。人

們把自己的孩子帶進來看母雞，居民們也來外面坐著看它們。我喜歡創(chuàng)造性的活動，做一

些有用的事情的感覺很好）”可推知，RuthXavier通過該項目獲得了一種成就感。故選B。

10.

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthe

creativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeople

here.（居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好

處和樂趣）”以及劃線處前的“oneofthefirst（第一批人之一）“可知WendyWilson是著手這項

工程的人之一，劃線處的含義與C項：“Begin（開始）”含義相近。故選C。

11.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthe

creativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeople

here.（居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好

處和樂趣）”以及最后一段“LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappyto

betakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestand

creativeactivities.”（“諾丁山路徑”的負責人林恩?劉易斯說:我們很高興能參與這個項目。它

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將通過共同的興趣和創(chuàng)造性活動真正幫助我們的居民聯(lián)系起來）“可知，該項目的反響很

好。故選A。

12.D

13.C

14.A

15.C

【解析】

【導語】

本篇是一篇說明文。主要介紹因為飲食的改變導致了現(xiàn)在在世界上一半的語言中發(fā)現(xiàn)了新

的語音。

12.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的"Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnoted

thatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas'f'andMv",weremorecommoninthelanguages

ofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversity

ofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.（30多年前，學者Charles

Hockett注意到，被稱為唇齒音的語音，如和“v”，在吃軟食物的社會的語言中更常見。

現(xiàn)在，瑞士蘇黎世大學的DamianBlasi領導的一組研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一趨勢產(chǎn)生的方式和

原因。）”可知DamianBlasi的研究重點是在語言的演變上。故選D項。

13.

細節(jié)理加軍題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancient

humanadultswerealigned,makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedby

touchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure,making

iteasiertoproducesuchsounds.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，古人類的上門牙和下門牙是對齊的，因此很難

產(chǎn)生唇齒音，唇齒音是通過下唇接觸上牙齒而形成的。后來，我們的下顆變成了覆蓋咬合

結構，更容易發(fā)出這樣的聲音）”可知，因為古代成年人的下顆結構使他們很難發(fā)出唇齒

音。故選C項。

14.

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasa

globalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesafterthesoNeolithicage,withtheuseof'f'and

'""increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundin

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thelanguagesofmanyhunler-ga由ererpeopletoday.（對語言數(shù)據(jù)庫的分析也證實，在新石器

時代之后，世界語言的發(fā)音發(fā)生了全球性的變化，在過去幾千年里，葉'和“v”的使用顯著

增加。這些聲音在今天許多狩獵采集者的語言中仍然沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)）”可知，第五段主要是通過

列明數(shù)據(jù)分析結果來進一步證明研究結果。故選A項。

15.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“"Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarily

remainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeech

soundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchange

andculturalevolution,saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.（研究小組成員

StevenMoran說:“自從人類出現(xiàn)以來，我們使用的語音不一定保持穩(wěn)定，我們今天發(fā)現(xiàn)的

各種語音都是生物變化和文化進化等復雜相互作用的產(chǎn)物?！笨芍?，StevenMoran認為

語音是一個復雜的動態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項。

16.C

17.D

18.B

19.G

20.F

【解析】

【導語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴。

16.

根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkout

Partne.^^Onereasonwas:"You'llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthe

gym,”（《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由

是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉?？芍?，這里陳述另一個和別人一

起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項CYoifllworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.（如果你和別

人一起訓練，你會更努力。廣符合上下文語境。故選C。

17.

根據(jù)前文“Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.（首先，決定你想從那個人身上得

到什么o）"和后文"Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthand

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flexibility?（或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動的力量和靈活性?廣可知，這里是一個問

句，反問自己結伴鍛煉的目的。所以選擇項D“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyour

favoritesport?（你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎?）“符合上下文語境。故

選D。

18.

根據(jù)前文“Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butprobably

won'tresultinausefulresponse.（你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不

會得到有用的回應。）“和后文"Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongto

thesamegym.（如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個人一定是同一個健身房的。戶可知，尋找的

鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點。所以選擇項B“Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstoliveclose

by.（鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近。）”符合上下文語境。故選B。

19.

根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincluded

whatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewanted

tospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovided

herphonenumber.（我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項包括她

想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了

她最喜歡的運動和活動，并提供了她的電話號碼。）''可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為

例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartner

shouldincludesuchinformation.（任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應包括這些信息。）”符合上下文語

境。故選G。

20.

根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.（你和你的伴侶可能有不同的

技能。）“和后文"Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmore

weightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfil.（久而久之，你們雙方都會受益---你的伴侶

會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。戶可知，要學會求同存異，一起合作，共同提

高。所以選擇項F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheach0the匚（接受你們的

不同，學會彼此合作。戶符合上下文語境。故選F。

21.C

22.A

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23.D

24.C

25.B

26.A

27.D

28.B

29.A

30.C

31.A

32.D

33.C

3