2023年考研外語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)9

考研外語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)9

一、UseofEnglish

1、Thoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturn

tohouseworkinordertoleave(1)jobsformen,theidea

hasbeenrejectedbybothwomenandmeninpublic(2)polls.

Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomen

areemployedintypesofworkwere(3)formenandthat

womenshouldstepasidetomake(4)forunemployedyoung

men.Theyarguethatwomen,especiallywomenintheir

child-bearingyears.(5)delayeconomicdevelopmentand

result(6)lowerproductivity,poorqualityand

inefficiency.

Tosolvetheproblem,theysuggestedthatworkingwomenstay

athome(7)theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendouble

wages.Theyarguethat(8)thesecircumstances,families

would(9)theirsamelevelofincome,andwomencouldrun

thehouseand(10)childrenmuchbetter.

Thesuggestion,(11),hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9out

of10people(12).

Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway(13)"phased

employment'theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworker

take(14)fromherjobwhensheissevenmonthspregnant

andstayoffthejob(15)herbabyreachestheageof3.@It

suggeststhatwomen(16)leavereceive75percentoftheir

(17)salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthe

three-yearperiod.Thiswill(18)children,women,their

familiesandthesocietyandit(19)seemstobemore

acceptablethanthesuggestion(20)womenreturntotheir

homesforever.

A.more

B.fewer

C.much

D.less

2、⑵

A.attitude

B.reaction

C.idea

D.opinion

3、(3)

A.available

B.suitable

C.reliable

D.practical

4、(4)

A.course

B.route

C.way

D.road

5、(5)

A.strangely

B.unusually

C.approximately

D.actually

6、(6)

A.with

B.in

C.from

D.on

7、(7)

A.though

B.while

C.since

D.until

8、(8)

3

A.under

B.for

C.with

D.on

9、(9)

A.remain

B.supply

C.support

D.retain

10、(10)

A.grow

B.bring

C.raise

D.feed

IK(11)

A.therefore

B.moreover

C.however

D.thus

12、(12)

A.polling

B.topoll

4

C.tobepolled

D.polled

13、(13)

A.called

B.calling

C.tocall

D.tobecalled

14、(14)

A.holiday

B.rest

C.leave

D.vacation

15、(15)

A.when

B.until

C.after

D.while

16、(16)

A.in

B.for

C.on

D.with

45

17、(17)

A.common

B.ordinary

C.normal

D.real

18、(18)

A.profit

B.interest

C.serve

D.benefit

19、(19)

A.finally

B.definitely

C.doubtfully

D.fashionably

20、(20)

A.that

B.which

C.these

D.those

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

AMERICA,Scentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.Forthe

secondconsecutivemeeting,theFederalOpenMarketCommittee,

thecentralbank;spolicy-makingcommittee,leftshort-term

interestratesunchangedat1.75%.Butitsaidthattherisks

facingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoa

balancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshift

surprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterest

ratesaresettoriseagain一andsoon.

Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarkets,investorsarebetting

thatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyas

May,andwillbe1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendof

theyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachs,

wholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyear,

nowexpectshort-termratestogouponly0.75%thisyear,

startinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFed

tighteningisinthefuture.

Thereason?Afteranunprecedented11rate-cutsin2022,

short-terminterestratesareabnormallylow.Asthesignsof

robustrecoverymultiply,analystsexpecttheFedtotakeback

someoftherate-cutsitusedasaninsurancepolicy"after

theSeptember11thterroristattack.Buthigherratescould

stillbefurtheroff,particularlyiftherecoveryprovesless

robustthanmanyhope.Themanufacturingsectorisgrowing

after18monthsofdecline.ThemostoptimisticWallStreeters

nowexpectGDPtohaveexpandedbybetween5%and60%onan

annualbasisinthefirstquarter.

Butonestrongquarterdoesnotimplyasustainablerecovery.

Intheshortterm,thebounce-backisbeingdrivenbyadramatic

restockingofinventories.Butitcanbesustainedonlyif

corporateinvestmentrecoversandconsumerspendingstays

buoyant.Andsinceconsumerspendingheldupsowel1duringthe

“recession"itisunlikelytojumpnow.

Theseuncertaintiesalonesuggestthecentralbankwillbe

cautiousaboutraisinginterestrates.Thatcautionisallthe

morenecessarygiventhelackofinflationarypressure.

AlthoughAmerica*sconsumerpriceshavestoppedfallingona

monthlybasis,thelatestfiguresshowfewsignsofnascent

pricepressure.Indeed,giventhehugepressureoncorporate

profits,theFederalReservemightbehappytoseeconsumer

pricesriseslightly.Inshort,whileWallStreetfretsabout

whenandhowmuchinterestrateswillgoup.Theanswermaywell

benotsoonandnotmuch.

Somepeopleexpectedshort-terminterestratestojumpsoon

becausethey

A.stronglybelievedineconomicrecovery.

B.tookforgrantedeconomicexpansion.

C.werecautiousintheirexcessiveinvestment.

D.haddoubtsabouttheeffectsofpricepressure.

2、

Theauthor'sattitudetowardGoldmanSachs'sopinionisone

of

A.reservedconsent.

B.strongdisapproval.

C.enthusiasticsupport.

D.slightcontempt.

3、

TheAmericancentralbankwasreluctanttoraiseinterest

ratesbecause

A.everybodysawconsumerpricesriseagain.

B.signsofrobusteconomicrecoverymultiplied.

C.investorsreapedrewardsinfuturesmarkets.

D.itwantedtostayawayfromrisksinvolved.

4、

WecanlearnfromthetextthattheAmerica;scentralbank

A.tookadvantageofrate-cutspolicyasaninsurancepolicy.

B.isfairlyconservativeinraisingshort-terminterest

rates.

C.triedtostopconsumerpricesfromfreefallingbutinvain.

D.placemonetarypolicy-makinginthehandsofWalkStreeters.

5、

Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto

A.refutethenotionthatshort-termrateswillgoup

dramatically.

B.justifytheoptimismofWallStreeterstowardseconomic

recoveries.

C.elaborateontheuncertaintiesofFed'spolicy-making

strategies.

D.illustratethebalancebetweenweaknessandexcessive

growth.

6、“Worsethanuseless,，zfumedDarrellIssa,aRepublican

congressmanfromCalifornia,onMarch19th,whentheHouse

JudiciaryCommitteeheldahearingontheImmigrationand

NaturalizationService."Terrible,andgettingworse,“added

ZoeLofgren,aDemocraticcolleaguewhohaskeptawatchfuleye

ontheINSfortenyears.

CommitteememberslineduptotakeswingsatJamesZiglar,the

headoftheINS.Heexplained,somewhatpathetically,that

''outdatedprocedures'7hadkeptthevisa-processingwheels

grindingslowlythroughabacklogofapplications.Healsohad

somenewrulesinmindtotightenupvisas.Speedingupthe

paperwork一andgettingmoreofitontocomputers一isvital,

buttheSeptemberattackshaveexposedthetensionbetweenthe

agency'stwojobs:ontheonehandenforcingthesecurityof

America，sborders,andontheothergrantingprivilegessuch

asworkpermitstoforeigners.

Butotherpeoplewantmoreradicalchanges.JamesSensenbrenner,

aRepublicancongressmanfromWisconsin,wantstosplittheINS

intotwoseparatebodies,onedealingwithbordersecurityand

theotherwithhandlingbenefitstoimmigrants.Theother

approach,favoredintheWhiteHouse,istotreatthetwo

functionsascomplementary,andtogivetheINSevenmore

responsibilityforsecurity.Underthatplan,theINSwould

mergewiththeCustomsService,whichmonitorsthe20m

shipmentsofgoodsbroughtintoAmericaeveryyear,aswellas

thebagscarriedinbysome500mvisitors.Thetwoagencies

wouldform,onelargebodywithintheDepartmentofJustice,

thecurrenthomeoftheINS.Thiswouldcutoutsomeofthe

duplicatedeffortatborders,wherecustomsofficersandagents

fromtheINS'sBorderPatroloftenrubshouldersbutdonotwork

together.

Mr.Bush一whohassaidthatthenewsofthevisaapprovalsleft

him“plentyhot”—wasexpectedtogivehisapproval.Thesenate,

however,maynotbequitesokeen.TheJusticeDepartmentcould

havetroublehandlingsuchamerger,letalonetakingonthe

considerableeconomicresponsibilitiesoftheCustomsService,

whichiscurrentlypartoftheTreasury.

Thesenateprefersyetanothersetofsecurityrecommendations,

includinglinksbetweenthedatabasesofdifferentagencies

thatholdsecurityandimmigrationinformation,andscanners

atportsofentrytocheckbiometricdatarecordedon

immigrationdocuments.Theseideasareembodiedinabill

sponsoredbymembersofbothparties,butarecurrentlyheld

upbyRobertByrd,thechairmanoftheSenateAppropriations

Committee,whoworriesthattherehasnotbeenenoughdebate

onthesubject.Mr.Ziglar,poorchap,mayfeeltherehasbeen

morethanenough.

WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatINS.

A.willbesubjectedtostrongcriticisms.

B.hasbecomethepubliclaughingstock.

C.willtakeupeconomicresponsibilities.

D.haswonthesupportfromMrBush.

7、

Besidesdealingwithbordersecurity,INSalso

A.keepsawatchfuleyeonitself.

B.grantsprivilegestoimmigrants.

C.monitorsshipmentsofgoods.

D.takesadvantageofcomputers.

8、

ThechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommitteewillleave

theissueofINSunsettledbecause

A.theexclusiveresponsibilityofINSisforbordersecurity.

B.hefiguredoutsomenewrulesinmindtotightupvisas.

C.sufficientdebateisanxiouslyrequiredforafinal

solution.

D.mostcongressmenholdunfavorableopinionsonINS.

9、

SuggestionshavebeenraisedontheissueofINSexcept

A.chargeslaunchedagainstitshead.

B.itsmergingwiththeCustomsService.

C.othersecurityrecommendations.

D.itsseparationintotwobodies.

10、

Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ARedundantAgencytobeSplit.

B.UpsetwiththeINS?一No.

C.MergingINSwithCustoms?

D.IneptINS—underFire.

z，，，

11、Inascience-fictionmoviecalledSpecies）amysterious

signalfromouterspaceturnsouttodescribethegenomeofan

unknownorganism.Whentheinevitablemadscientist

synthesizestheDNAdescribedbytheinstructions,thecreature

hebreedsfromitturnsouttoresembleNatashaHenstridge,an

athleticactress.Unfortunately,thealienharborswithinher

delicateform,thedestructivepowersofaPanzerdivision,and

itallendsbadlyfortherashgeneticistandhislaboratory.

GlenEvans,chiefexecutiveofEgeaBiosciencesinSanDiego,

California,acknowledgesregretfullythatdespiteseekinghis

expertopinion一inreturnforwhichhewaspresentedwiththe

posterofthestrikingMr.Henstridgethathangsonhisoffice

wall一theproducersof"Species"didnothewverycloselyto

hissuggestionsaboutthefeasibilityoftheirscript,ideas.

Still,theyhadcometotherightman.DrEvansbelievesthat

hisfirmwillsoonbeabletocreate,ifnotanaliensuccubus,

atleastatinybiologicalmachinemadeofartificialproteins

thatcouldmimicthebehavior,ofalivingcell.

Makingsuchproteinswillrequiretheabilitytosynthesize

longstretchesofDNA.ExistingtechnologyforsynthesizingDNA

canmanagetomakegenesthatencodeafewdozenaminoacids,

butthisistooshorttoproduceanyinterestingproteins.

Egea'stechnology,bycontrast,wouldallowbiologiststo

manufacturegeneswholesale.Thefirm'sscientistscanmake

geneslongenoughtoencode6,000aminoacids.Theyaimto

synthesizeagenefor30,000aminoacidswithintwoyears.

Usingalibraryoftheroughly1,500possible"motifs"orfolds

thataproteincanadopt,Egea'sscientistsemploycomputers

todesignnewproteinsthatarelikelytohavedesirableshapes

andproperties.TosynthesizetheDNAthatencodesthese

proteins,Egeausesamachineithasdubbedthe”

AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesize,Dr.Evans

likensthisdevicetoawordprocessorforDNA,onwhichyou

cantypeinthesequenceoflettersdefiningapieceofDNAand

getthatmoleculeout.

AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesize,Dr.Evans

envisagesencodingnotjustproteins,butentirebiochemical

pathways,whichareteamsofproteinsthatconductmetabolic

processes.Acollectionofsuchmoleculescouldconceivably

functionasaminiaturemachinethatwouldoperateinthebody

andattackdisease,justasthebody'sowndefensivecellsdo.

PerhapsDr.Evansandhiscolleaguesoughttogetintouchwith

theirfriendsinHollywood.

Thispassageismainly

A.aboutanewapplicationofcomputers.

B.areviewofascience-fictionmovie.

C.aboutthesynthesizinginterestingDNA.

D.asurveyofscientificbreakthroughs.

12、

Theexpression“hewverycloselyto"canbebestreplacedby

A.shed1ighton.

B.adherestrictlyto.

C.stayawayfrom.

D.giveplayto.

13、

TheDNAdesignedbyEvan，stechnologydiffersstrikinglyfrom

thatsynthesizedbyexistingtechnologyinthattheformeris

characterizedbyits

A.desirableshapeandlength.

B.imitationofalivingcell.

C.delicatebutdestructivepower.

D.resistancetoepidemics.

14、

ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesynthesizingDNA

technologyshouldbeused

A.extravagantlyandfreely.

B.flexiblyandexcessively.

C.reasonablyandcautiously.

D.openlyandvigorously.

15、

ElenEvans，technologyofnewproteindesignmayproveuseful

A.inathletictrainingprograms.

B.infilmmakingspectacles.

C.insoftwareprogramming.

D.inmedicaltreatments.

16、PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverastern

lecturetoAmerica'sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept,stuns

theaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentof

ArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoits

auditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHill,somecongressional

panelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron，scollapseand,

now,anotherbustedNewEconomystar,telecom，sGlobalCrossing.

Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversight

ofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay.

Toanyspectators,itwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewinds

ofchangearesweepingCorporateAmerica,ledbyGeorgeW.Bush,

whoranas“areformerwithresult.Butfarfromdeconstructing

thecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleaner,

sparer,andstronger,Bushaidesandmanylegislatorsare

preparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.

Insteadofanoverhaul,Bush'steamiscountingonitsenforcers,

JusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities&Exchange

Commission,tomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.

Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandclean

upitsownact.

Whywon'ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechanges?For

starters,theBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushto

legislatecorporatebehavior,couldproducearaftofflawed

billsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshas

striventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitz

thathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcould

startlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascent

economicrecovery.

AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywith

predictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweeping

would-bereformersontheHill."Theyknowtheydon，twantto

makeabigmistake,saysJerryJ.Jasinowski,presidentofthe

NationalAssociationofManufacturers.Thatgo-slowapproach

suitstheWhiteHouse.AidessaythePresident,while

personallydisgustedbyEnron'sselloutofitspensioners,is

reluctanttoembracenewsanctionsthatfrustrateeven

law-abidingcorporationsandcreatealitigationbonanzafor

triallawyers.Instead,theWhiteHousewillpushfornarrowly

targetedaction,mostofitcarriedoutbytheSEC,theTreasury-

Dept.,andtheLaborDept.Therightoutcome,Treasury

SecretaryPaulH.O'NeillsaidonMar.15,“dependsonthe

Congressnotlegislatingthingsthatareoverthetop.”

ToO'NeillandBush,thatmeansenforcingcurrentlawsbefore

passingtoomanynewones.Nowhereisthatstanceclearerthan

intheAndersenindictment.SotheBushAdministrationleftthe

decisiontoJusticeDept,prosecutorsratherthanWhiteHouse

politicaloperativesortheirreformistfellowsattheSEC.

Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat

A.theJusticeDepartmentseizedontheplightofEnron's

workers.

B.theWhiteHouserecognizedthatstrictercontrolisa

politicalmust.

C.ThePresidentwasdeterminedtoturnareformedAndersen

intoamodel.

D.theWhiteHouserespondedstronglytotheAndersen's

scandal.

17、

By"outragedrhetoric”(Paragraph3),theauthoristalking

about

A.anintenselobbyblitzshownincorporatebehavior.

B.theindignationdisplayedbysomecongressmen.

C.adecisionleftuptoJusticeDept,prosecutors.

D.themessageembodiedinthePresident'sactions.

18、

ItseemsthatthePresident,infaceofthepresentsituation,

A.mustembracenewsanctions.

B.shouldavoidlawenforcement.

C.maybecaughtinadilemma.

D.canstopdeliveringlectures.

19、

Theconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetextthatinthewakeof

Andersen'sscandal,thegovernment

A.maymakeonlymodestchange.

B.willtakedrasticcountermeasures.

C.willadoptcorporaterestructuring.

D.willinvestigateEnron'scollapse.

20、

Whattheauthorwantstosuggestmaybebestinterpretedas

A.Crimedoesn，tpay.

B.Hastemakeswaste.

C.Lookbeforeyouleap.

D.Likefather,likeson.

21、PartB(10points)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.For

Questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizethese

paragraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelist

A-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)

A.ABBCtelevisionserieshasraisedthequestionofwhether

catsshouldbekeptindoorsatnight.Wildlifeexpertssay

keepingcatslockedupfromdusktodawnwillpreventmuchof

thecarnagetheycreate,andwillalsomeantheyarelesslikely

toberunover.MammalexpertProfessorSteveHarris,from

BristolUniversity,said:"Themessageisclear,mostpeople

areheartilysickofhavingtheirneighbours'catsintheir

gardens'".

B.Eventoday,someviewtheblackcatasanomenofmisfortune.

EventheEnglishlanguageisstackedagainstthemoggy.

Spitefulpeoplearedubbedasbeing“catty”.Araucouscryis

a“caterwaul”.Atwork,agreedy,lazybossisa“fatcat”.

C.AnewsurveyintheUKindicatesthatcatscomesecondonly

toratsasthelatestfavoritemammaltovisitourgardens.The

UK's10millioncatshavehaditroughoflate,drawingharsh

criticismbecauseoftheirbloodlustandhabitofviewingthe

nation，sgardensastheirownpersonaltoilets.

D.ThoughtheanimalsaretheUK'sfavoritepets,British

gardenershavestruckbackbycrowningthecatasoneofthe

mostunwelcomevisitorstotheirplots—votingthemonly

slightlymorepopularthanratsinthenewpoll.

E.TheMammalSociety,whichconductedthesurveysayscatscut

aswathethroughthenation5swildlife,killingaround300

millionanimalseveryyear."Catsaresolitarypredatoryhunter.

Peopleaskwhytheykillwhentheyareclearlywell-fed...but

acat'smotivationtohuntisquiteseparatefromitsdesire

tosatisfyhunger."Evenwithafullstomach,acatcannot

resistthestimuliofpreypassingnearby,saysMsHeath,author

ofWhyDoesMyCat."Itdoesn，tmakesenseforacattowait

untilit'shungrytocatchfood一theremaybenonearoundthen.

Bettertohuntwhenthere'stheopportunityandhidethefood

away.

F.But,tobefair,theBritishcan，thatecatsthatmuch.A

recentreportfoundthatthegenerosityoftheBritishtowards

thecathascausedoneinfourofthecreaturestobecome

clinicallyobese.

G.Britain，sgardenershaverevealedoneoftheirgreatestpet

hates—otherpeople'scats.Okay,they'resadisticmurderers,

butisitfairthatcatshavebeenratedasbeingasdetestable

asratsinapollofBritishgardeners?

Order:GisthefirstparagraphandFisthelast.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

PeopleintheUnitedStatesinthenineteenthcenturywere

hauntedbytheprosp