專題11 重點語法知識梳理三：情態(tài)動詞及專練60題（原卷版）

專題11重點語法知識梳理三：情態(tài)動詞及專練60題（原卷版）Ⅰ.情態(tài)動詞一、概論情態(tài)動詞是一種特殊的助動詞，具有下列特征：1.情態(tài)動詞具有一定的詞義，能表達某種看法；如：can能，may可以，must必須，need需要，等等；2.情態(tài)動詞不能單獨作謂語，只能和實義動詞的原形一起構(gòu)成復合謂語；如：Youcanstayherebefore5:00o’clock.你可以在這呆到五點鐘。Wemusthaveatalkrightnow.我們現(xiàn)在就必須談?wù)劇?.情態(tài)動詞無人稱變化，即任何事物做主語對情態(tài)動詞來講都無變化。但是情態(tài)動詞有時態(tài)變化。時態(tài)變化會在以后分單詞講解，此處僅以can為例，看看人稱對情態(tài)動詞是否無影響：如：Icandanceverywell.我舞跳得很好。Hecanplaybasketballprettywell.他籃球打得很好。Iknowyoucanplaythepianofairlywell.我知道你鋼琴彈得很棒。Theyallcanswimquitewell.他們游泳游得相當好。常見的情態(tài)動詞can/can’t,能夠/不能①表示"能、會",指腦力或體力方面的"能力"。例如:

Jim

can

swim

but

I

can't.吉姆會游泳,但我不會。

②表示"可能",常用于否定句或疑問句中,指某種可能性。例如:

Han

Mei

can't

be

in

the

classroom.韓梅不可能在教室里。

Can

he

come

here

today,

please?請問他今天能到這里來嗎？

③表示"可以",常用于口語中,指許可或請求做某事。例如:

Can

I

have

a

cup

of

tea,

please?請問我可以喝一杯茶嗎？

You

can

go

out.你可以出去了？④否定句型為:主語+can

not(can't/cannot)+動詞原形+其它。表示"某人不能(不會、不可能)做……"。其中can't是can

not的縮略式,英國多寫成cannot。例如:

You

cannot

pass

the

ball

like

this.你不能像這樣傳球。

I

can't

ride

a

motorbike.我不會騎摩托車。must/mustn’t,必須/禁止①表示“必須”，此時可用于肯定句或疑問句。例如：YoumustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeIcomeback.②用情態(tài)動詞must提問，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn’t。例如：--MustIreturnthebooktoday?--Yes,youmust./--No,youneedn’t③用于否定句時，mustn’t的意思是“一定不要、不能”，而不表示“不必”例如：Youmustn’twalkyourdogonthegrass.你不能在草坪上遛狗。should/shouldn’t,應該/不應該should表示義務(wù)或責任時意為“應該”：

例如：We

should

learn

from

each

other.

我們應該互相幫助。

We

should

help

the

aged.

我們應該幫助老人。should

表示建議或勸告時意為“應該”：

例如：You

should

give

up

smoking.

你應該戒煙。

【注】有時語氣較強，含有命令的意味：

You

should

leave

at

once.

你應該馬上離開

。should的否定形式：shouldn’t不應該Students

shouldn’t

spend

too

much

time

playing

computer

games.

學生們不應當花太多的時間玩計算機游戲?！锴閼B(tài)動詞不能單獨使用，必須與其后的動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。如：Youcan’twalkyourdoghere.(can’t+walk)Youmustfinishyourhomeworktoday.(must+finish)三、情態(tài)動詞分類1.表示義務(wù)——mustmust表示“必須”，強調(diào)主觀，用于現(xiàn)在、將來時態(tài)，否定式needn’t。【鑒別haveto】haveto表示“不得不”，強調(diào)客觀，用于現(xiàn)在，將來和過去時態(tài)。否定式為don’t/didn’t/doesn’twon’thaveto。2.表示猜測——must/may/might75%把握的猜測：must，否定can’t，句中通常有證據(jù)。50%把握的猜測：may，否定maynot，句中通常有notsure。25%把握的猜測：might，否定mightnot，句中通常有notsure。must猜測的不同時態(tài)：mustbeagoodstudent.musthaveeatentoomuchlastnight.3.表示請求——might/may/could/canmightcould比較生硬?！咀⒁狻浚篶ouldcan/can’t；maycan/may/can’t/mustn’t。4.表示能力——can/beableto表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼哪芰r，用can或beableto；表示過去的能力時，could表示過去的本領(lǐng)；was/wereableto表示過去特定環(huán)境一次性的能力。5.情態(tài)實義雙胞胎——need/dare作為情態(tài)動詞時，need和dare無三單變化；否定直接加not；后面加動詞原形；eed和areodesddotoodingsh；6.hadbetter/wouldrather肯定句：hadbetter/wouldratherdosth.否定句：hadbetter/wouldrathernotdosth.疑問句：Hadsb.betterdosth.?/Wouldsb.ratherdosth.?7.祈使句回答——willIwillIwon’t例：Pleasecleanyourchimneynextyear.--Ok,Iwill.Don’teattoomuchnextyeat.--Ok,Iwon’t.8.表示指責——can’t/shouldn’t/oughtnotto/mustn’t溫柔建議：can’t;shouldn’t;oughtnotto;強烈禁止：mustn’t，表示危險情形時，必須用mustn’t。一、單項選擇1．Jane________performballetatallwhenshewasalittlegirl,butshe________doitnow.A．could;can B．couldn’t;can C．could;can’t D．couldn’t;can’t2．Whatexcitingnews!________itbetrue?A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need3．We________bemorecareful,orwewilllosethechanceagain.A．can B．might C．may D．should4．Toeveryone’ssurprise,Alex________playchessverywellwhenhewasonlyfour.A．might B．should C．would D．could5．—________Isharethetablewithyou?—Ofcourseyou________.Sithere,please.A．Could;could B．May;could C．Could;can D．Can;should6．You______cleantheroomnow.You________doitaftersupper.A．won’t;must B．don’thaveto;may C．needn’t;must D．should;can7．—Dad,Igetaparcel(快遞).What’sinit?—It________beapresentfromyourgrandpa.ButI’mnotsure.A．should B．must C．may D．need8．Thecoat________bePeter’s,butIamnotsure.A．can’t B．needn’t C．may D．must9．—Johnny,isthesoccerballintheclassroomyours?—No,itisn’t.It________beJackie’sbutI’mnotsure.A．may B．must C．can’t D．needn’t10．Students________wearschooluniformsfromMondaytoFriday.Thisistheruleofourschool.A．can B．may C．must D．will11．—ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?—________A．No,thanks. B．No,youaren’t.C．No,pleasedon’t. D．No,please.12．-____________haveapartythiscomingFriday?-That'sagoodidea.A．Howabout B．Willyou C．Let's D．Shallwe13．-___________havealookatthehighrisesaroundhere?-Goodidea.A．Doyou B．Shallwe C．Shallyou D．Willwe14．Thesign“NoSmoking”inthesubwaymeanspassengers________smoke.A．can B．should C．mustn’t D．needn’t15．—Thisrobotisgreat.—Wow,ithasvideocamerasinitseyes,soit________“see”andinteract(交流)withpeople.A．may B．can C．must D．should16．—Chris,you________swimalone.It’sdangerous.—Oh,Iwon’tdothatagain.A．should B．shouldn’t C．hadbetter D．must17．—_________yourAmericanfriendeatwithchopsticks?—Yes,buthecan’tusethemwell.A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need18．—Wouldyouliketodrink________juice?—Yes,I’dloveto.Butthereisn’t_______juiceintheglass.A．some;some B．some;any C．a(chǎn)ny;some D．a(chǎn)ny;any19．Tom______togofarifhe_______somehelp.Ourhouseisnexttohis.A．doesn’tneed;need B．needn’t;needs C．doesn’tneed;needs D．needn’t;need20．—Mom,mustIcleanmyroom?—No,you__________.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．maynot21．—Mom,mustItakeoutthetrashnow?—No,you________.Youmaytakearestfirst.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t22．—MustIwashmycloth？—Iamafraidyou________.Youshouldlearntodosomethingbyyourself.A．need B．haveto C．will D．can23．You________gohomeformoney.Ihaveenoughmoneyfortwotickets.A．don’thaveto B．haveto C．shouldn’t D．may24．—Couldwehaveapicnichere,Mum?—I’mafraidwe________.Theboys’tentisnearby.A．couldn’t B．can C．can’t D．could25．—Itistoohottoday.________Iswimintheriver,Mom?—No,you________.It’stoodangerous!A．Should;can’t B．Can;mustn’t C．May;needn’t D．Must;needn’t26．—Jack,couldyoucometomybirthdaypartytomorrow?—Sorry,I________.Ihavetolookaftermygrandmotherathome.She’sill.A．won’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t D．can’t27．—CouldIhavealookatyournewstorybook?—Sorry,I’mafraidyou________.Iamreadingitnow.A．won’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t28．—CouldIhavealookatyouriPad?—________.Iamplayingagamenow.A．Yes,youcan B．Sorry,youcan’t C．Yes,youcould D．No,youcouldn’t29．—________youpleasetellmeyourpenpal’sname?—Sure.HisnameisJeff.A．Do B．Could C．Does D．Are30．—Doyouhaveanyplanforthissummerholiday?—I’mnotsure.I________helpwiththeworkintheoldpeople’shome.A．will B．should C．must D．may31．—Mom,Igotabigboxfromexpress(快遞).Whatisit?—I’mnotsure.It________beapresentfromyourgrandmother.A．should B．might C．must D．will32．He________beathomebecausehe’sgonetoBeijing.A．may B．mightC．can’t D．needn’t33．—Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?—It________besunny,cloudyorwindy.Whoknows!A．must B．might C．shall D．should34．You________playneartheheater.It’sdangerous.A．mustn’t B．must C．couldn’t D．could35．We__________playwithfire.It’stoodangerous.A．can B．must C．mustn’t D．needn’t36．Nick,you________playgameshere.Yourfatherissleeping.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．doesn’t D．needn’t37．—________wehaveameetingtomorrowmorning?—No,wewillnot.Wewillworkinthebusstationasvolunteers.A．Will B．Shall C．Can D．May38．We________bemorecareful,orwewillmakethesamemistakeintheexperiment.A．might B．can C．may D．should39．InordertospeakEnglishbetter,we_________beafraidoflosingface.Becausethemostimportantthingistopractice.Remember,practicemakesperfect.A．should B．shouldn’t C．haveto D．may40．—Whereismyumbrella?—It’sfinetoday.You_________takeanumbrellawithyou.A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t41．We________frightentheanimalsinthepark.A．oughtto B．oughtnotto C．will D．should42．—MustItakearaincoatwithme?—No,you________.Itwon'traintoday.A．mustn't B．can't C．won't D．don'thaveto43．—Ifyoutryhard,yourdreamwill.—Yes,I.A．cometrue;will B．betruly;will C．cometrue;do D．betrue;do44．—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.—You____.Youarenotaloneintheworld.A．can B．may C．should D．will45．--Honey,stayhomebeforeIreturn.---I_______,mum.A．must B．can C．will D．should46．You________comeifyoudon’twantto.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．wouldn’t D．don’thaveto47．_________notyouliketocometomyparty?A．Shall B．Would C．Should D．Will48．Moreandmorepeople_________liketogotoworkbyunderground.A．could B．should C．would D．had49．Cathy,wouldyouplease______thebox?It’sforyoursister.A．notopen B．don’topen C．nottoopen D．tonotopen50．_______youliketoeatsomeapples？A．Can B．May C．Must D．Would51．It'scoldoutside.Wouldyoupleasethewindow?A．muchtoo;notopen B．muchtoo;nottoopenC．toomuch;nottoopen D．toomuch;notopen52．—Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice,Millie?—_______.It’smyfavourite.A．No,I’mnotthirsty B．No,thanksC．Yes,Ido D．Yes,please53．He________homeworkrightnow.Hecanfinishittomorrow.A．needn’t