專題09 閱讀理解（譯林版2020）（解析版）

專題09閱讀理解（專題過(guò)關(guān)）-2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（譯林版2020）（解析版）（2019-2020學(xué)年江蘇省常州市高二下學(xué)期期末試卷）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYoumighthaveheardalotaboutancienttownsandancientcitiesinChina.Here.welistseveralofthemostbeautifulancientvillagesinChina.BaoshanStoneCity,YunnanProvinceBaoshanStoneCitywasbuiltonahugemushroom-shapedrock,andonlyhasaboutonehundredhouses.Thehousesareaidoutinanorderlyway,builtontherock,andlinkedbystonesteps.TheNaxipeopletherestillleadanoriginallifeandgrowcropsinterraces(梯田);youcanexperiencethecolorfulcultureoftheNaxiethnic(民族的)groupthere.TuvasVillageinKanas,XinjiangKanasTuvasVillageisnearthemysteriousLakeKanas.Thesmallvillageislocatedinavalley,andonlyhasabout80houses.TheseSwiss-stylewoodenhousesareallsurroundedbywoodenfences.Tuvasisanancientminoritygroup.Theytraditionallylivedashunter-gathers.Youcanvisitalocalfamily,goherding(x)withthelocalsandexperiencethepeacefulancientvillagelife.JiaiuTibetanVillage.Danba,SichuanProvinceJiajuTibetanVillageisknownasthe"Tibetanfairyland".Itstandsonamountainslope,andconsistsofabout140houses.Theseuniquehousesareallbuiltwithcrown-shapedroofs,redeavesandwhitewallswhichmakethehouseslooklikelittlecastlesamongtheforest.XijiangMiaoVillage,GuizhouProvinceIfyoureinterestedintheMiaoMinority,XijiangMiaoVillagecanbeagreatdestinationfordeepeningyourunderstandingofMiaohistoryandculture.It'sthelargestMiaovillageinChina,andnowhas1432householdswithapopulationofover5000,ofWhich99.5%areMiaoethnicgroupIt'salsofamousforthehousesbuiltonstilts(支柱)ofdifferentheights。1.WhatcanyoudoinKanasTuvasVillage?A.HikeinterracesB.SeehousesofaforeignstyleC.GohuntingwiththelocalsD.Learnabouthousesbuiltonstilts2.WherecanyouadmirethehouseslikecastlesA.InBaoshanStoneCityB.InKanasTuvasVillageC.InJiajuTibetanVillageD.InXijiangMiaoVillage3.Whatcanweinferaboutthevillagesmentionedinthetext?A.TheyremainedsecrettotheoutsideworldinthepastB.TheywereoriginallybuilttodefendtheirhomelandC.TheyarestillcutoffanddifficulttoaccessnowadaysD.Theyaretheethnicvillageswithuniquearchitecture【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了中國(guó)幾個(gè)最美麗的古村落。1.B【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，在描述KanasTuvasVillage的段落中提到TheseSwiss-stylewoodenhousesareallsurroundedbywoodenfences.這里的房子是瑞士風(fēng)格的，所以有異國(guó)風(fēng)情。可見(jiàn)B選項(xiàng)正確。2.C【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，描述JiajuTibetanVillage的段落未句提到makethehouseslooklikelittlecastlesamongtheForest?？梢?jiàn)C選項(xiàng)正確。3.D【解析】考查推理判斷題，從文章描述可以看出，這幾個(gè)古村落各自有其獨(dú)特的建筑風(fēng)格，并且都是少數(shù)民族的聚居地?？梢?jiàn)D選項(xiàng)正確。BNothingsucceedslikesuccess,

aseveryparentofastraight-Astudentknows,

buttryingtostressacademicexcellencebytellingyourchild.

"You'resosmart!"maybe

counterproductive.

Why?

Accordingtoa2017study,

childrenwhothinktheirintelligenceisfixedarelesslikelytopayattentionandbounceback(重整旗鼓)

frommistakesthanchildrenwhothinkintelligencecangrowandchange.Inthestudy,

researcherslookedat123children.

Theearnassessedthechildrentodeterminewhethertheyhada

"growthmindset（思維模式）"

(believingthatyoucanworkhardertogetsmarter),

ora

"fixedmindset"

(believingthatyourintelligenceisunabletochange).

Theythenaskedthechildrentocompleteafast-pacedcomputeraccuracytaskwhiletheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.

Duringtherecording,

researchersnotedthatbrainactivitystoppedwithinahalf-secondaftermakingamistake,

aschildrenbecameawareoftheirmistakeandpaidcloserattentiontowhatwentwrong.

Thelargerthebrainresponse,

themorethechildfocusedonthemistake.

Basedonthedata,

theyconcludedthatchildrenwitha

"growthmindset"

weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake.

Whilechildrenwithafixedmindsetwereableto

"bounceback"

,

butonlyiftheygavetheirfullattentiontothemistake.Forparents,

thelessonsareclear:

Don'tpaycompliments（贊揚(yáng)）thatsuggestthatintelligenceisfixed.

IfachildhandsyouanA+test,

don'tsay,

"You'resosmart!"

Instead,

say,

"Wow,

thatstudyingreallypaidoff!"

or

"Youclearlymasteredthismaterial-waytogo!"

Notetheeffort,

no:

theintelligence.Besides,

manyparentsshyawayfromaddressingachild'smistakes,

tellingthem

"It'sOK.

You'llgetitthenexttime."

withoutofferingthemthechancestofigureoutwhatgowrong.

Instead,

it'sbettertoreassurethechildthatmistakeshappen,

andworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymakethemistake.1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains

"counterproductive"

underlinedinparagraph1?

A.

Opposite.B.

Competitive.C.

Successful.D.

Unknown.2，Howdidthechildrenwitha

"growthmindset"

reactinthestudy?

A.

Theymadefewermistakes.B.

Theytriedtoavoidmistakes.

C.

Theyhadsmallerbrainresponse.D.

Theyfocusedmoreonthemistake.3.Whatshouldbeavoidedaccordingtothestudy?

A.

Over-stressingtheintelligence.B.

Paycomplimentstochildren.

C.

Addresschildren'smistakes.D.

Offerchancestofindmistakes.4.Whatshouldparentssaywhenchildrenmakeamistakeaccordingtothetext?

A.

Youaresocareless.B.

Yourstudyingpaidoff.

C.

You'llgetitthenexttime.D.

Let'sfindouthowyoumadeit.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明父母想要贊美他們的孩子是件很自然的事情，但是這種贊美可能會(huì)適得其反，父母應(yīng)該關(guān)注孩子的努力而不是智力。1.A【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題，題干的意思是“以下哪一項(xiàng)最好地解釋了第1段中強(qiáng)調(diào)的“counterproductive”？”，根據(jù)文章“

"You'resosmart!"

maybecounterproductive.”（“你真聰明！”可能會(huì)適得其反。），可知counterproductive意思是相反的；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的翻譯：A.

相反的；B.

有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的；C.

成功的；D.

未知的。故選：A。2.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，題干的意思是“在這項(xiàng)研究中，有“成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)”的孩子有什么反應(yīng)？”，根據(jù)文章“

Thelargerthebrainresponse,

themorethechildfocusedonthemistake.

Basedonthedata,

theyconcludedthatchildrenwitha

"growthmindset"

weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake.

”（大腦反應(yīng)越大，孩子就越關(guān)注錯(cuò)誤。基于這些數(shù)據(jù)，他們得出結(jié)論，有“成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)”的孩子在犯了錯(cuò)誤后很可能會(huì)有更大的大腦反應(yīng)），可知有“成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)”的孩子他們更加關(guān)注這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的翻譯：A.

他們犯的錯(cuò)誤較少；B.

他們?cè)噲D避免錯(cuò)誤；C.

他們的大腦反應(yīng)較?。籇.

他們更加關(guān)注這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。故選：D。3.A【解析】推理判斷題，題干的意思是“根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，應(yīng)該避免什么？”，根據(jù)文章“Forparents,

thelessonsareclear:

Don'tpaycomplimentsthatsuggestthatintelligenceisfixed.

”（對(duì)父母來(lái)說(shuō)，教訓(xùn)很清楚:不要恭維暗示智力是固定的。），可知應(yīng)該避免過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)智力；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的翻譯：A.

過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)智力；B.

向孩子們致意；C.

解決孩子的錯(cuò)誤；D.

提供發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的機(jī)會(huì)。故選：A。4.D【解析】推理判斷提題，D題干的意思是“根據(jù)課文，當(dāng)孩子們犯錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，父母應(yīng)該說(shuō)什么？”，根據(jù)文章“Instead,it'sbettertoreassurethechildthatmistakeshappen,

andworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymakethemistake.”（相反，最好向孩子保證錯(cuò)誤會(huì)發(fā)生，并努力找出他們?cè)谀睦镆约叭绾畏稿e(cuò)誤。），結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的翻譯：A.

你太粗心了；B.

你的學(xué)習(xí)得到了回報(bào)；C.

下次你會(huì)拿到的；D.

讓我們看看你是怎么錯(cuò)的。故選：D。CWhetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend,atleastinpart,onwhichemergencymedicalservices（EMS）agencyshowsuptotreatyou,anewstudysuggests．

ResearchersfoundawidevariationincardiacarrestsurvivalratesdependingonwhichEMSagencyprovidedinitialtreatment,accordingtothestudypublishedinJAMACardiology.Theoddsofsurvivingtohospitaldischarge（出院）couldvarybymorethan50percentfortwosimilarpatientstreatedbytworandomlyselectedEMSagencies."WefoundlargeoutcomevariationsbetweenEMSagenciesthatcomeafteracardiacarrestevenafteradjustingformanyfactors",saidleadauthorMassashiOkubo,aninstructorofemergencymedicineattheUniversityofPittsburgh．

ThestudydidnotrevealwhysomeEMSagenciesdidbetterthanothers,however."Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderlyingfactors，"Okubosaid．

Cardiacarrest"istheabruptlossofheartfunction,andifappropriatestepsarenottakenimmediatelyitmostoftenisfatal，"explainedGreggFonarow,aprofessorofcardiovascularmedicineandscienceattheDavidGeffenSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Healsoisco-directoroftheUCLAPreventiveCardiologyProgram."EachyearintheUnitedStates,morethan350，000cardiacarrestsoccuroutsidethehospitalsetting．"

Altogether,theresearchersstudied43，656patientstreatedfrom2011to2015by112EMSagencies.Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital,variationsamongagencieswerequitelarge：theworstperformingagencyhad0survivorsoutof36patientstreated,or0percent,ascomparedwith66survivorsoutof228patientstreated,ornearly30percent,forthebest-performingagency．

Thepatternwassimilarwhenitcametorecoveryoffunctionbythetimeapatientwasdischargedfromthehospital.Theworstperformingagencyinthiscategoryhadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin0outof87patients,or0percent,whilethebesthadfavorablerecoveryin11outof54patients,or20percent．

"ThesefindingssuggesttheremaybeimportantdifferencesinthequalityofresuscitationeffortsamongdifferentEMSagencies，"Fonarowsaidinanemail．

Also,hesaid,"Morelaypersoninterventions（非正式人員干預(yù)）suchastimelyCPR（cardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)）andmoreEMApersonnelrespondingtocardiacarrestpatientswererelatedtobetteroutcomes．

"Thesefindingssuggestthatdisseminationofbestpracticesanduseofformalqualityimprovementprogramsbycommunity-basedEMSagenciesmayhelptoimprovequalityandoutcomesincardiacarrest，"hesaid．

Cananythingbedoneinthemeantime？

Yes,saidFonarow,whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch."Whenperformedpromptlyandproperly,CPRcanmarkedlyimprovethechanceofsurvivalforsomeonehavinganout-of-hospitalcardiacarrest，"hesaid."ThebestadvicethatmightsavelivesoflovedonesifacardiacarrestoccursistolearnCPR.AnyonecanandeveryoneshouldlearnCPR．"

（1）Whatdoesthenewstudytellus？___

A．EMSgencieshaveadjustedoutcomevariations．

B．PeoplewithcardiacarrestdependonEMSagencies．

C．Initialtreatmenthasbeenprovidedforcardiacarrestpatients．

D．CardiacarrestsurvivalispartlydeterminedbycertainEMSagencies．

（2）AccordingtoOkubo,whataretheyplanningtodoinfutureresearch？___

A．TodeterminewhichEMSagenciesaregood．

B．Torevealtheunderlyingfactorsofcardiacarrest．

C．TofindoutthehiddenreasonsforbetterEMSagencies．

D．ToidentitytherelationshipbetweendifferentEMSagencies．

（3）Whatdoes"thepattern"inParagraph6referto？___

A．Theworstperformingagency．

B．Thebestperformingagency．

C．Thelargevariationsamongagencies．

D．Thecomparisonbetweensurvivorsandpatients．

（4）Accordingtothefindings,whatelseleadstobetteroutcomesincardiacarrest？___

A．morelaypersoninterventions

B.betterqualityinEMSagencies

C,betterpracticesinCPR

D.moreEMSmembers【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇科教閱讀，主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，無(wú)論你是否因?yàn)樾呐K驟停而存活，至少部分是因?yàn)槟募揖o急醫(yī)療服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)對(duì)你進(jìn)行治療。1．D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段"Whetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend,atleastinpart,onwhichemergencymedicalservices（EMS）agencyshowsuptotreatyou,anewstudysuggests．一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，無(wú)論你是否因心臟驟停而存活，至少部分取決于哪家緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)（EMS）機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)對(duì)你進(jìn)行治療．可知，新研究告訴我們心臟驟停的存活部分取決于某些EMS機(jī)構(gòu)．故選D．

2．C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段"Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderlyingfactors，"Okubosaid．我們需要在未來(lái)的研究中確定潛在的因素是什么"可知，他們計(jì)劃在未來(lái)的研究中找出更好的EMS機(jī)構(gòu)的隱藏原因．故選C．

3．C【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容"Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital,variationsamongagencieswerequitelarge當(dāng)他們看到有多少患者存活足夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能出院時(shí)，各機(jī)構(gòu)之間的差異非常大，故指的是各機(jī)構(gòu)之間的差異很大．故選C．

4．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"Thesefindingssuggestthatdisseminationofbestpracticesanduseofformalqualityimprovementprogramsbycommunity-basedEMSagenciesmayhelptoimprovequalityandoutcomesincardiacarrest，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，社區(qū)EMS機(jī)構(gòu)傳播最佳實(shí)踐和使用正式的質(zhì)量改進(jìn)計(jì)劃可能有助于改善心臟驟停的質(zhì)量和結(jié)果"可知，這些研究結(jié)果表明，基于社區(qū)的EMS機(jī)構(gòu)傳播最佳實(shí)踐和使用正式的質(zhì)量改進(jìn)計(jì)劃可能有助于提高心臟驟停的質(zhì)量和結(jié)果，故選B．DPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves；othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem-allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（搶先的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies．

WhenecologistJohnOrroekoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime-aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong-intosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme（生化酶）,whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals."Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked．"Orrocksays."Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry．"

InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails；inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungry-caterpillars（毛蟲(chóng)）,whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia．

Thefindingthatasnail'sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,"Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimthatneveractuallytouchedthem．

"That'sthemillion-dollarquestion，"Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues．

1.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidintosoilnearbytomatoplantsto___．

A．givethemawarning

B．makethemgrowbetter

C．keepplant-eatinganimalsaway

D．informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger2.Whyistheexampleof"caterpillars"mentionedinParagraph3？___

A．Tointroduceanotheranimal．

B．Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy．

C．Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals．

D．Toanalysedifferentresistancechemicals．3.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow？___

A．Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger．

B．Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare．

C．Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue．

D．Whatthefindingoftheresearchis．4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？___

A．ADefenseAttackB．GreedyAnimalsC．ASnail'sApproachD．WatchfulPlants【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究表明，植物能感知到動(dòng)物即將發(fā)起的攻擊?！窘馕觥緼【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題．由第二段中的"Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming"可知，我們只是給了他們暗示攻擊即將來(lái)臨的線索，因此答案選A．B【解析】推理判斷題．由第三段中的最后一句話"Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia．"可知，這種非特定的防御可能是一種策略，通過(guò)進(jìn)一步提高植物生存的整體可能性，使植物收益．Orrotock今年三月在Ocologia與同事一起報(bào)高了這一結(jié)果．所以判斷出第三段提到的毛毛蟲(chóng)的例子是為了確認(rèn)研究結(jié)果，因此答案選B．

3.A【解析】推理判斷題．由倒數(shù)第二段中的"buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimthatneveractuallytouchedthem"可知，但是他想知道番茄植物是如何感受到蝸牛粘液中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，而這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)從未真正接觸過(guò)它們．所以判斷出Richard想知道西紅柿植物是如何感知危險(xiǎn)的，由此可知答案選A．4.D【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題．由第一段中的"Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack"可知，新的研究顯示，植物能感知到動(dòng)物即將發(fā)動(dòng)的攻擊．故D選項(xiàng)"警惕的植物"為最佳標(biāo)題，因此答案選D．2.（江蘇省常州市2019-2020學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期教育學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)業(yè)水平監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷）第一節(jié)（共12小題；每小題2分，滿分24分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAfterwinningfiveGrammytrophies（格萊美獎(jiǎng)）atthisyear'sawardsceremony,FinneasO'Connellbecameanameatthetipofeverybody'stonguemostlyinrelationtohisyoungersister,popsuperstarBillieEilish,butincreasinglyinhisownrighttoo.The22-year-oldLosAngelesnativeismostfamouslyknowntohaveproducedandco-writtenhissisterEilish'salbum,WhenWeAllFallAsleep,WhereDoWeGo?Alongtheway,O'Connellhasmarchedtohisownbeatandpresentedasoundthatisunlikeanythingelsethatcanbefoundcurrentlyonofficialmusicchartsorontheairwaves.Weird-pop,Gothic-pop,Avant-pop（先鋒派流行音樂(lè)）,Art-pop.Evenbyusingthesedefinitiveterms（稱號(hào)）,criticsstillcan'tpindown（解釋清楚）O'Connell.Andeveniftheytry,hesimplyrejectstheterms.O'ConnellandEilishwerehome-schooledbytheiractor-musicianparents.O'Cormellenteredshowbusinessasachildactor.FromBadTeacherandhismother'sLifeInsideOuttocomedyfavoriteModernFamilyandmusicalTVseriesGlee,heknewnottolethispersonalitygetinthewayofhisactingroles.Talentdefinitelyrunsinthefamily.O'Connell'sfondnessformusicwasinstilled（逐漸灌輸）inhimfromayoungage."Wehaveneverstressedgettingajobandmakingaliving,”hisfathersaid,"Ifwemodeledanything,itwasbeingbrokeandartsy（附庸風(fēng)雅的）Notforgettinghisactingroots,O'Connellusesfilmasametaphor（隱喻）todescribethecurrentclimateofmusicandhasexpressedthiswithsingles-onlyreleases.“Musicsinglesarelike[blockbuster]moviesmadebyfilmstudiostocarrytheindependentfilms.There'sAvengersmusic.EventhoughIthinkAvengersisgreat,myfavoritemovieisTheSocialNetwork,I'drathermakemusicthatfeelskindoflikethat."O'Connellisworkinginmusicfull-timenow,preparingEilish'snextalbumandhisownfull-lengthalbumwhileexperimentingandlearningmoreproductionideasandsounds.ButFinneastheactorwillnotturndownactinggigs（臨時(shí)工作）ifanidealroleisoffered.1.WhatcanwesayaboutFinneasO'Connell?A.Hehashisownmusicalstyle.B.Heprefersactingtowritingmusic.C.Heisahardworkingandconsiderateman.D.Hewillonlyfocusonmusicinthefuture.2.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.BillieEilish'sfatherloveshermore.B.BillieEilishisanactorandsingernow.C.FinneasO'connell'sparentseducatedhimathome.D.FinneasO'connell'smotherwantedhimtoliveonmusic.3.Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?A.Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.B.Theroleofgeneispowerful.C.Musicisthemotherofallarts.D.Schooleducationoftenruinsatalent.4.Theauthorwritesthisarticleto .A.expresshisadmirationforafamousstarB.reportentertaininginformationtoreadersC.emphasizetheimportanceoffamilyloveD.discussthesecrettosuccesswithreaders【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了贏得5座格萊美獎(jiǎng)杯的歌手FinneasO'Connell的故事。1.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Alongtheway,O'Connellhasmarchedtohisownbeatandpresentedasoundthatisunlikeanythingelsethatcanbefoundcurrentlyonofficialmusicchartsorontheairwaves可知O'Connell有其獨(dú)有的音樂(lè)風(fēng)格。故選A。2.C【解析】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第四段第一句O'ConnellandEilishwerehome-schooledbytheiractor-musicianparents.可知O'Connell在家被其父母灌輸音樂(lè)。故選C。3.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Talentdefinitelyrunsinthefamily.O'Connell'sfondnessformusicwasinstilled（逐漸灌輸）inhimfromayoungage.可知O'Connell天資聰穎且后天也培養(yǎng)地好，故選B。4.A【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)本篇文章，作者是對(duì)O'Connell的介紹，表達(dá)了對(duì)其欽佩之情，故選A。BVincentVanGogh（1853-1890）isoneofthemostpopularofthePost-Impressionistpainters.Heislamedforthegreatvitalityofhisworkswhicharecharacterizedbyexpressiveandemotiveuseofbrilliantcolorandenergeticapplicationofimpastoed（厚原料的）paint.BelowaresomefamouspicturespaintedbyVincentandthepoeticlyrics（歌詞）toDonMcLean'shitsongVincent(（Starry，StarryNight)）inthefamouscartoonfilm《LovingVbiceril》VincentStarry,starrynight,Paintyourpalette（畫(huà)板）blueandgrey,Lookoutonasummer'sday,Witheyesthatknowthedarknessinmysoul.Shadowsonthehills,Sketchthetreesandthedaffodils,Catchthebreezeandthewinterchills,Incolorsonthesnowylinenland.NowIunderstandWhatyoutriedtosaytome Howyousufferedforyoursanity（精神正常）Howyoutriedtosetthemfree.TheywouldnotlistenTheydidnotknowhowPerhapsthey'lllistennow.Starry,starrynight.Flamingflowersthatbrightlyblaze,Swirlingcloudsinviolethaze（陰霾，疑惑），ReflectinVincent'seyesofchinablue.Colorschanginghue,morningfieldofamber（黃色的）grain,Weatheredfaceslinedinpain, " =Aresoothed（撫慰）beneaththeartist'slovinghand.Fortheycouldnotloveyou,Butstillyourlovewastrue.AndwhennohopewasleftinsightOnthatstarry,starrynight,Youtookyourlife,asloversoftendo.ButIcouldhavetoldyou,Vincent,ThisworldwasnevermeantforoneAsbeautifulasyou.NowIthinkIknowwhatyoutriedtosaytome, Howyousufferedforyoursanity, Howyoutriedtosetthemfree.Theywouldnotlisten,They'renotlisteningstill.Perhapstheyneverwill...1.WhatattitudedoesthewriterofthesonghavetowardsVanGogh?A.Prejudicedandchangeable. B.Admiringandunderstanding.C.Doubtfulbutrespectful. D.Positivebutcontradictory.2.Accordingtothesong,VanGoghwas .A.goodatdrawingonstarrynightsB.murderedbyoneofhisloversC.apersonfullofloveandbeautyD.popularwithpeoplewhenhewasalive3.WhichofthefollowingbelongtothefourfamouspicturesofVanGogh'smentionedintheunderlinedpartsin4thparagraph?A.Thesunflowers,thePotatoEatersB.SelfPortraitwithBandagedEar,HeadofaPeasantWomanC.thePotatoEaters,theYellowHouseD.SelfPortraitwithBandagedEar,WheatFieldwithCrows【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章作者帶著讀者在詩(shī)意的歌詞中，欣賞梵高的一些著名畫(huà)作。1.B【解析】考查作者態(tài)度題。本篇文章是作者對(duì)梵高所表達(dá)的一種仰慕以及理解，故選B。2.C【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段歌詞中的Butstillyourlovewastrue.以及Thisworldwasnevermeantforone，Asbeautifulasyou.可知梵高是個(gè)真善美的人，故選C。3.A【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)flamingflowers可知第一個(gè)應(yīng)該選Thesunflowers，直接選A。CVictorHugo,1802-1885,wasacelebratedFrenchliterarygiant.AftertheBritishandFrenchinvaders（入侵者）hadburnttheWinterPalace（圓明園）inOctober,1860,hewroteareplytoanofficernamedBartletteoneyearlater.Sir,youaskmewhatIthinkoftheexpedition（(遠(yuǎn)征）toChina.Youmustfeelthatitwaslaudable.Inyouropinion,theexpedition,performedunderthejointbanner（聯(lián)合旗幟）ofQueenVictoriaandEmperorNapoleon,wasnothingshortofaBritish-Frenchglory.Therefore,youwouldliketoknowtowhatextentIappreciatethisglory.Sinceyouask,Iwillanswerasfollows:Inacomeroftheworldthereexistedaman-mademiracle-theWinterPalace.Arthastwosources:one,anideal,fromwhichhascomeEuropeanart;two,fancy,fromwhichhascomeEasternart.TheWinterPalacebelongsintheartoffancy.TheWinterPalace,indeed,wasthefruitofalloftheartthatanalmostsupermanracecouldhavefancied.ForwhomwastheWinterPalacebuilt,afterall?Eventually,forthepeople.Becauseastimepassesby,allthatthepeoplehasmaderemainsinthepossessionofmankind.Greatartists,poets,philosophers--theyallknewabouttheWinterPalace.Voltaireoncetalkedaboutit.ManypeopleatdifferenttimescomparedtheWinterPalacetotheParthenon,thePyramids,theArena,theNotreDame.IftheycouldnotseetheWinterPalacewiththeirowneyes,theycoulddreamaboutit--asifinthedistancetheysawabreath-takingmasterpieceofartastheyhadneverknownbefore--asifthereabovethehorizonofEuropeancivilizationwastoweringtheoutlineofAsiancivilization.Now,themiracleisnomore!Oneday,twopiratesbrokeintoit.Oneofthemrobbed;theotherseteverybuildingandeverythinginitonfire!Judgingbywhattheydid,weknowthatthevictorscoulddegenerateintorobbers.Thetwoofthemfelltodividingbetweenthemselvesthetreasure.Whatgreatvictoriestheyhadwon!Whataheaven-sentfortune!Onestuffedhispocketsfulltooverflowing;theotherfilledinhisbagswithtreasure.Then,handinhandtheymadeoff,laughinghappily.Incidentally,Imustthankyouforgivingmetheopportunitytoaccuse.Therulerscommitcrimesbuttheruleddonot.Thegovernmentbecomesarobber,butthepeoplewillnever.Francehasgainedalargeportionofthetreasure.Now,shethinksherselftherightfulowneroftheproperty（財(cái)物），andsheisdisplayingtherichesoftheWinterPalace!IcanonlyhopethattherewillcomeonedaywhenFrancewilldisburdenherselfoftheheavyloadonherconscienceandcleanherselfoffthecrimebyreturningtoChinaallthetreasuretakenfromtheWinterPalace.Sir,suchismypraiseoftheexpeditiontoChina.1.MrHugowrotethislettermainlyto .A.showhispraiseoftheexpeditiontoChinainreplytoBartlette'srequestB.persuadeFrenchofficerstoreturnthetreasuretakenfromtheWinterPalaceC.provepeopleholddifferentattitudestowardstheburningoftheWinterPalaceD.expresshisangerandcondemnationovertheburningoftheSummarPalace2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"laudable"mostprobablymean?A.praiseworthy B.violentC.unreasonable D.abundant3.Inthe4thparagraphVictorHugomentionedtheParthenon,thePyramids,theArenaandtheNotreDameinorderto .A.comparedifferentarchitecturalstylesB.praiseEuropeanandAfricancivilizationC.introducesomemorefamousbuildingstoBartletteD.emphasizethecivilizationalvalueoftheWinterPalace4."Twopirates"inParagraph5refersto .A.Bartletteandhisfellow B.BartletteandGreatBritainC.FranceandGreatBritain D.therulersandtheruled5.WecaninferthatwhenBartlettegottheletterfromVictorHugo,hemighthavefelt .A.satisfied B.proud C.disappointed D.frightened【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是雨果對(duì)英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園的評(píng)論，展現(xiàn)了他的憤怒和譴責(zé)。1.D解析考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Therefore,youwouldliketoknowtowhatextentIappreciatethisglory.Sinceyouask,Iwillanswerasfollows以及最后一段可知，這是雨果對(duì)英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園的評(píng)論，展現(xiàn)了他的憤怒和譴責(zé)。故選D。2.A【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)Youmustfeelthatitwaslaudable.前后文可知，雨果對(duì)其在譴責(zé)的態(tài)度，但是“you”卻是想要他贊美其“豐功偉績(jī)”，故選A。3.D【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段IftheycouldnotseetheWinterPalacewiththeirowneyes,theycoulddreamaboutit--asifinthedistancetheysawabreath-takingmasterpieceofartastheyhadneverknownbefore--asifthereabovethehorizonofEuropeancivilizationwastoweringtheoutlineofAsiancivilization.可知親眼見(jiàn)到各個(gè)國(guó)家的標(biāo)志性建筑才是有意義的，強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)國(guó)家的標(biāo)志建筑物對(duì)該文化的重要性。4.C【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知是英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園，故選C。5.C【解析】考查推理判斷題。Bartlette想要雨果贊揚(yáng)，但是雨果對(duì)其進(jìn)行兩兩抨擊和譴責(zé)，故選C。（江蘇省海安高級(jí)中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AASchengenvisaisashort-stayvisaawardedtopersonswishingtotraveltooneormanyofthecountriesthatmakeofthe26EuropeancountrySchengenArea.Itgrants(授予)eachholderentrytoallthecountriesintheareaonasinglevisa.SeveralnewSchengenvisaapplicationrulescameintoforceinallcountriesonFebruary2,2020.Checkoutsomeofthemajorchanges:IncreasedvisafeesTheSchengenvisafeehasincreasedfrom60eurosto80foradults,whilechildrenagedbetween6and12nowneedtopay40eurosinsteadof35.Theriseinfeesistoincreasestaffnumbers,ensurestrongersecurityscreenings,andupgradeITequipmentand