Module+3+Unit+2+This+year+we+are+training+more+carefully 知識點 外研版英語八年級上冊

&2&

該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中連接兩個并列成分，本句but后省略了going。當(dāng)它連接并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞遵循"就近原則"，即謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由but后的主語決定。教材語境

I

am

not

going

for

lessons，but

to

play

football.

我不是去上課，而是去踢足球。（教材P20）&1&

not...but...不是……而是……His

brother

doesn't

enjoy

playing

the

piano

but

the

violin.

他弟弟不喜歡彈鋼琴，而喜歡拉小提琴。They

came

not

to

help

us

but

to

get

us

into

trouble.

他們來不是幫我們，而是讓我們陷入困境。

Not

I

but

my

sister

is

good

at

playing

the

violin.

不是我，而是我姐姐擅長拉小提琴。&5&

作介詞，此處意為"（在比賽或戰(zhàn)斗中）對（某人或某事物）"，常與play、fight等動詞連用。&3&

against/??genst/

prep.（在比賽或戰(zhàn)斗中）對（某人或某事物）

&4&

教材語境

I

am

in

our

school

team

and

we

are

going

to

play

against

another

school

next

week.

我是校隊成員，我們下周將要和另一個學(xué)校比賽。（教材P20）We'll

play

against

a

strong

team

in

tomorrow's

football

match.

明天的足球比賽我們將和一支強(qiáng)隊踢。（選自溫州中考）&6&

作介詞時的其他常見用法：It

can

also

take

pictures

of

the

people

who

are

against

the

traffic

rules

in

the

area.

它還可以給該地區(qū)違反交通規(guī)則的人拍照。（選自宿遷中考）Are

you

for

or

against

my

plan?你是贊同還是反對我的計劃？He

is

standing

against

a

big

tree.

他正緊靠著一棵大樹站著。典例1

(安徽中考)Our

class

are

much

sure

to

win

the

basketball

game

___

Class

Three.CA.of

B.in

C.against

D.from【解析】句意：我們班相當(dāng)有把握贏得與三班的籃球賽。表示"（在比賽或戰(zhàn)斗中）對（某人或某事物）"應(yīng)用介詞against。故選C。&7&

so

that

以便，為了&8&

教材語境

We

all

arrive

as

early

as

we

can

so

that

we

have

time

to

warm

up.

我們都盡可能早到，以便有時間熱身。（教材P20）&9&

相當(dāng)于in

order

that,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從句中常含有can、could、may、might、would等情態(tài)動詞。We

must

wear

masks

so

that

we

can

protect

ourselves

well.我們必須戴口罩，以便我們能很好地保護(hù)自己。

She

ran

every

morning

so

that

she

would

realize

her

dream

of

being

the

best

runner

in

the

school.

她每天早上跑步，是為了實現(xiàn)自己成為學(xué)校最佳賽跑運(yùn)動員的夢想。（選自金華中考）①so

that/in

order

that+句子

(當(dāng)主從句主語一致時，可與②進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換)為了……②in

order

to/so

as

to+動詞原形

為了……I

get

up

early

every

day

so

that/in

order

that

I

can

get

to

school

on

time.=I

get

up

early

every

day

in

order

to/so

as

to

get

to

school

on

time.

為了按時到校，我每天起床都很早。典例2

完成譯句。(廣州中考)學(xué)好英語，以便我們能夠與世界分享中國故事。Learn

English

well

____

_____we

can

share

Chinese

stories

with

the

world.sothat&10&

warm

up

熱身；做準(zhǔn)備活動&11&

在此作不及物動詞短語。If

you

don't

warm

up

before

taking

exercise,

you

may

hurt

yourself.如果運(yùn)動前不熱熱身，你可能會傷著自己。&12&

還可意為"（使）活躍起來，熱烈起來"。The

party

warmed

up

as

soon

as

he

arrived.

他一到,聚會就活躍起來了。&13&

train/tre?n/

v.（體育）訓(xùn)練，操練&14&

在此作不及物動詞;也可作及物動詞，意為"訓(xùn)練（人或動物）"。教材語境

We

are

training

harder

than

usual

because

the

other

team

beat

us

last

year.

我們比平時訓(xùn)練得更刻苦，因為那支球隊去年打敗了我們。（教材P20）The

harder

we

train,

the

luckier

we

can

be.

我們越努力訓(xùn)練，就會越幸運(yùn)。（改編自海南中考）（不及物動詞）He

trains

the

Olympic

team.

他訓(xùn)練奧林匹克隊。（及物動詞）&15&

作名詞，意為"火車"。by

train"乘火車"，get

on/off

a

train"上/下火車"。Nowadays

Chinese

high-speed

trains

are

very

famous

around

the

world.

如今中國的高鐵全世界聞名。&16&

usual/?ju????l/

adj.

通常的；平常的&17&

&18&

作形容詞,

常用短語：as

usual"像往常一樣",than

usual"比往常"。Mr

Happy

smiled

as

usual

and

Miss

Beautiful

smiled

back.

快樂先生像往常一樣微笑，美麗女士回饋給他一個微笑。（選自衢州中考）語境串記This

morning,

Li

Mei

went

to

school

by

bus

as

usual.

She

usually

gets

to

school

at

7:00,

but

today

she

was

20

minutes

later

than

usual

because

of

the

traffic

jam.

今天早上李梅像往常一樣坐公共汽車去上學(xué)。她通常七點鐘到校，但是今天由于交通阻塞，她比平時晚了20分鐘。beat過去式為beat,意為"打敗；戰(zhàn)勝"，其后賓語通常是比賽/競爭的對手，即表示人或團(tuán)隊的名詞或代詞。beat

sb.（in

the

match）"（在比賽中）戰(zhàn)勝某人"。If

you

beathim,

we'll

win

this

match.

如果你擊敗他，我們將會贏得這場比賽。win過去式為won,意為"贏；獲勝"，其后賓語通常是表示比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品或金錢等的名詞。win

the

match"贏得比賽"。&19&

beat/bi?t/

v.

打?。粦?zhàn)勝&20&

beat與win&21&

beat

還可表示"打破（紀(jì)錄）；（心臟等）跳動"。She

beat

two

world

records.

她打破了兩項世界紀(jì)錄。His

heart

was

beating

hard,

and

he

was

nervous.

他的心在劇烈地跳動著，緊張得不行。（選自寧波中考）典例3

(襄陽中考)—Great!

Our

women's

volleyball

team

___

the

gold

medal

in

Rio

Olympic

Games

on

Saturday!—Yes.

We

see

the

great

spirit

of

Chinese

women's

volleyball

team

once

again!AA.won

B.beat

C.lost

D.missed【解析】句意：——真棒！我們的女排隊在星期六的里約奧運(yùn)會上獲得了金牌!——是的。我們再次看到了偉大的中國女排精神!win"贏;獲勝"，后面常接表示比賽、獎品、榮譽(yù)類的詞作賓語；beat"打?。粦?zhàn)勝"，后面常接表示人或團(tuán)隊的詞作賓語；lose"輸?shù)?；miss"未擊中；錯過"。由空后的gold

medal可知，應(yīng)選A。&24&

作形容詞，相當(dāng)于happy、glad等。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：教材語境

Our

coach

is

pleased

because

we

are

playing

better

as

a

team

now.

我們的教練很滿意，因為我們現(xiàn)在整個球隊配合得更好了。（教材P20）&22&

pleased/pli?zd/

adj.

開心的；滿足的&23&

She

was

very

pleased

with

the

result

of

the

race.

她對比賽結(jié)果很滿意。He

was

very

pleased

at

the

news.

聽到這個消息他非常高興。Boya

was

pleased

to

hear

Zhong's

words.聽到鐘（子期）的話，（俞）伯牙很高興。（選自泰安中考）We're

very

pleased

that

you

can

come.

你們能來，我們很高興。&25&

better/?bet?/

adv.

更好地

adj.

更好的Lucy

sings

better

than

Lily.

露西唱得比莉莉好。We

are

both

good

at

maths,

but

his

English

is

better

than

mine.

我們倆都擅長數(shù)學(xué),

但是他的英語比我的好?！狧ow

are

you

feeling

today?你今天感覺怎么樣？—Much

better.

好多了。典例4

(桂林中考)根據(jù)漢語提示完成單詞。She

plays

the

piano

______（好）

than

Sam

does.better【解析】此處需要用副詞修飾動詞play，再根據(jù)空后的than可知，此處要用副詞的比較級，表示"好"的副詞是well，其比較級是better。故填better。教材語境

Last

year

we

were

sometimes

careless

when

we

passed

the

ball

and

we

lost

to

the

other

team

in

the

final

match.

去年我們有時會傳球失誤，在決賽中輸給了對手。（教材P20）&26&

careless/?ke?l?s/

adj.

粗心的;疏忽的&27&

&28&

作形容詞，由"care（n.小心）+-less（否定后綴）"構(gòu)成，可作表語或定語。It's

careless

of

the

boy

to

leave

the

tap

running.

這個男孩讓水龍頭一直開著，太粗心了。（選自揚(yáng)州中考）（作表語）The

careless

driver

had

a

car

accident.那個粗心的司機(jī)出了車禍。（作定語）&29&

與careless相關(guān)的詞:語境串記Tom

is

a

careless

boy,

and

he

always

does

his

homework

very

carelessly.

He

didn't

pass

the

exam

because

of

his

carelessness.

The

teacher

told

him

that

he

must

be

careful

when

studying.

湯姆是個粗心的男孩兒，他做家庭作業(yè)總是很粗心。由于粗心他沒通過考試，老師告訴他學(xué)習(xí)時必須要細(xì)心。典例5

根據(jù)所給單詞或首字母提示完成句子。1.(揚(yáng)州中考)As

we

all

know,

a

________

driver

is

always

a

danger

to

the

public.（care）careless2.(百色中考)Kitty,

you've

made

some

mistakesin

this

exam.

Be

more

c______

next

time.areful&30&

pass/pɑ?s/

v.

傳遞；傳送&31&

作動詞，具體用法：傳球可作及物動詞和不及物動詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：pass（the

ball）

to

sb.

"把球傳給某人"。給；遞作及物動詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：pass

sb.

sth.=passsth.

to

sb.

"把某物傳給某人"。He

passed

the

ball

to

Owen.

他把球傳給了歐文。Why

do

they

keep

passing

back

to

the

goalkeeper？他們?yōu)槭裁纯偸前亚蚧貍鹘o守門員？Could

you

please

pass

me

a

bottle

of

coke（=pass

a

bottle

of

coke

to

me）?請遞給我一瓶可樂，好嗎？&32&

作動詞時的其他常見義項：The

days

passed

slowly.

日子慢慢過去。When

she

passed

the

shop,

she

bought

an

ice

cream.

她經(jīng)過商店時買了一個冰激凌。All

the

students

passed

the

exam,

so

their

teacher

cheered

them

all

yesterday.

所有的學(xué)生都通過了考試，所以他們的老師昨天為他們所有人歡呼。（選自德陽中考）&34&

在此作名詞，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：教材語境

What

a

pity!

真是太可惜了！（教材P20）&33&

pity/?p?ti/

n.

可惜；遺憾What

a

pity!真遺憾！/真可惜?。ǔＳ米鹘浑H用語）That's

a

pity!It's

a

pity

to

do

sth.做某事很可惜。It's

a

pity

that...很可惜/很遺憾……—I

have

lost

it！我把它弄丟了！—Oh，what

a

pity！哎呀，真可惜！It's

a

pity

that

I

can't

come

to

the

party.

很遺憾我不能來參加這次聚會。典例6

(十堰中考)—Let's

go

to

the

museum

this

weekend.—___

I

have

to

prepare

for

the

speech

competition.DA.Yes,

please.

B.With

pleasure.C.Go

ahead.

D.What

a

pity!【解析】句意：——這個周末我們?nèi)ゲ┪镳^吧?！婵上В∥也坏貌粸檠葜v比賽做準(zhǔn)備。A項意為"好的"；B項意為"當(dāng)然了，很愿意"；C項意為"可以，干吧"；D項意為"真遺憾"。由空格后的意思"我不得不為演講比賽做準(zhǔn)備"可知，此處應(yīng)表示遺憾，故選D。&36&

作名詞，其后常接to

do

sth.或of

（doing）sth.,表示"（做）某事的機(jī)會/可能性"。教材語境

That

means

we

have

a

better

chance

of

winning.

這意味著我們有更大的獲勝機(jī)會。（教材P20）&35&

chance/t?ɑ?ns/

n.

可能性；機(jī)會Spending

time

alone

on

reflecting

gives

you

a

chance

toorganize

your

thoughts.

花時間獨自反思會讓你有機(jī)會組織你的想法。（選自荊門中考）Is

there

any

chance

of

getting

tickets

to

theconcert?有可能弄到音樂會的票嗎？歸納總結(jié)chance的常見搭配：by

chance碰巧；偶然miss/lose

a

chance錯過機(jī)會give

sb.

a

chance

to

do

sth.給某人做某事的機(jī)會have

a

chance

of

（doing）

sth./to

do

sth.有……的機(jī)會/可能性教材語境

They

cheer

us

on

loudly

and

we

feel

more

confident

to

win

the

game.

他們大聲地為我們歡呼加油，我們感到更有信心贏得比賽。（教材P20）&37&

cheer...on

用歡呼聲激勵；為……加油cheer

+名詞+on=cheer

on

+

名詞cheer

+.

.代詞

（賓格形式，只能放在中間）+onPeople

cheered

their

favourite

players

on.=People

cheered

on

their

favourite

players.

人們?yōu)樗麄冏钕矏鄣倪\(yùn)動員加油。We

cheered

him

on.

我們給他鼓勁兒。&38&

cheer

up意為"（使）高興起來,（使）振作起來"。代詞作賓語時，要放在cheer與up之間。Cheer

up!

It's

not

the

end

of

the

world.

Let's

try

again.振作起來！這不是世界末日，我們再試一次吧。When

I'm

down

or

tired，

I

prefer

movies

that

can

cheer

me

up.當(dāng)我沮喪或疲憊時，我更喜歡看能讓我振奮起來的電影。（選自隨州中考）&40&

loudly,

aloud與loud&39&

loudly/?la?dli/

adv.

響亮地；大聲地loudlyadv."響亮地，大聲地"，但有時含有"吵鬧"之意。aloudadv."大聲地；出聲地"，強(qiáng)調(diào)出聲，讓人聽見。loudadj."喧鬧的；大聲的"，在句中作表語或定語。loudadv."喧鬧地；大聲地"，此時可與lo