2016年考研英語(yǔ)真題及解析答案

2016年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題（一）SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext．Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET．(10points)InCambodia，thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale．Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends，１thoseoftheyoungwomen，butalsoamatchmaker．Ayoungmancan2alikelyspouseonhisownandthemaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations，ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse，givingthechildlittletosayinthe4，agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshave5aspousehasbeenselected，eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily．Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair．Formerlyitlastedthreedays，7bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf．Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing．Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting，9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists，and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11．Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear，13theycanbuildaflewhousenearby．Divorceislegalandeasyto14，butnotcommon．Divorcedpersonsare15withsomedisapproval．Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage，andjointlyacquiredpropertyis18equally．Divorcedpersonsmayremarry，butaenderpreudce19uphedorcedaedoes’thaeawangperodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaitthemonths．[A]bywayof[A]adaptto[A]close[A]Intheory[B]aswellas[B]providefor[B]renew[B]Aboveall[C]onbehalfof[C]compete[C]arrange[C]Intime[D]withregardto[D]decideon[D]postpone[D]Forexample5．[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless6．[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through7．[A]sine[B]or[C]but[D]so8．[A]test[B]copy[C]recite[D]create9．[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying10．[A]lighting[B]passing[C]hiding[D]serving11．[A]meeting[B]association[C]collection[D]union12．[A]grow[B]part[C]deal[D]live13．[A]whereas[B]until[C]for[D]if14．[A]obtain[B]follow[C]challenge[D]avoid15．[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed16．[A]wherever[B]however[C]whenever[D]whatever17．[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed18．[A]divided[B]invested[C]donated[D]withdrawn19．[A]clears[B]warms[C]shows[D]breaks20．[A]while[B]sowhat[C]once[D]inthatSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts．AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD．MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET．(40points)Text1France，whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion，hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwoman．Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways．Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting．Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives．Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth．That’sastart．Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath–assomehavetellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen，especiallyteenagegirls，aboutthesocialtape–measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth．Thebans，iffullyenforced，wouldsuggesttowoman(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty．Andperhapsfaintly，theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques．TheFrenchmeasures，however，relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing．Underthelaw，usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85，000fineandsixmonthsinprison．Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes．InDenmark，theUnitedStates，andafewothercountries，itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement．IncontrasttoFrance’sactions，Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage，health，andothercharacteristicsofmodels．ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlyareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals，especiallyonyoungpeople．”Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagen．FashionWeek，whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstituteingeneralitreliesonaname-and–shamemethodofcompliance．Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep．Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatwouldhappeninFrance?[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined [B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive [D]ThefashionindustrywoulddeclineThephrase“impingingon”(Line2Para2)isclosestinmeaningto[A]heighteningthevalueof [B]indicatingthestateof[C]losingfaithin [D]doingharmtoWhichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed [B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure [D]ItsinherentproblemsaregettingworseAdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor[A]settingahighagethresholdformodels [B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors [D]pursuingperfectphysicalconditionsWhichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals [B]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty [D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustryText2Forthefirsttimeinthehistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry．InBritainthishashadacuriousresult．WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily．ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService(NHS)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry，thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport．AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”．Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair”．Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts．Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore，andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit．Itneedsconstantguardianship．Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment．TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation，evenauthorizing“off–plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject．Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable．Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment．TheLiberalDemocratsaresilentOnlyUkip，sensingitschance，hassideswiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland．ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConsecutiveparties．Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses，factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare，incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace．TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone，withnointrusionongreenbelts．WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces．Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk．Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut，asalways，wheretoputlobbypressure，GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal．Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets．Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone．Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow．Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter．Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas．Whyruinruralones?Developmentshouldbeplanned，notlettrip，AftertheNetherlands，BritainisEurope’smostcrowdedcountry．Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence，whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving．Thereisnodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal，SpainorIreland．Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum．Britain’spublicsentimentaboutthecountrysideisnotwellreflectedinpolitics [B]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily[C]didn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanage [D]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHSAccordingtoParagraph2，theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeinglargelyovershadowed [B]properlyprotected[C]effectivelyreinforced [D]graduallydestroyedWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?LabourisunderattackforopposingdevelopmentTheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”buildingUkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservationTheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluenceTheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsbornes’spreferenceshowshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareasstressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisishighlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressurerevealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareasInthelastparagraphtheauthorshowshisappreciationofthesizeofpopulationinBritain [B]theenviableurbanlifestyleinBritain[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginBritain [D]thepoliticallifeintoday’sBritainText3“Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness”WroteMiltonFriedman，aNobelPrize-winningeconomist“Thatis，touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofits．”Butevenifyouaccept Friedman’spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders’smoney，thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-act．NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompaniesatleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption．ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billionayearonCSR，accordingtoanestimatebyEPG，aconsultingfirm．Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways．First，consumersmaytakeCSRspendingasa“signal”thatacompany’sproductsareofhighquality．Second，customersmaybewillingtobuyacompany’sproductsasanindirectmaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelps．Andthird，throughamorediffuse“haloeffect”wherebyitsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandothers．PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree．ArecentstudyattemptstoseparatethembylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerican’sForeignorruptracicesAtPAItarueshatsnceprosecuorsdonotconsmeacopany’sprodusaspartofherinvestigations，theycouldbeinfluencedonlybythehaloeffect．Thestudyfoundthat，amongprosecutedfirms，thosewiththemostcomprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties．Theiranalysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirm’spoliticalinfluence，ratherthantheirCSRstand，thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfines．Inall，thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits，theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany’srecordinCSR．“Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsconcern，suchaschildlabour，orincreasingcorporategivingbyabout20%resultinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbribingforeignofficials，”saysoneresearcher．ResearchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhowmuchbusinessesoughttospendonCSR．Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffect，ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits，whentheydecidetheirdo-goodingpolicies．Butatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhencompaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw，evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostlypunishment．TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman’sstatementaboutCSRwithuncertainty [B]skepticism [C]approval [D]toleranceAccordingtoParagraph2，CSRhelpsacompanybyguardingitagainstmalpractices [B]protectingitfrombeingdefamed[C]winningtrustfromconsumers． [D]raisingthequalityofitsproductsTheexpression“morelenient”(line2，Para．4)isclosestinmeaningtolesscontroversial [B]morelasting [C]moreeffective [D]lesssevereWhenprosecutorsevaluateacase，acompany’sCSRrecordcomesacrossasreliableevidence [B]hasanimpactontheirdecision[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized [D]constitutespartoftheinvestigationWhichofthefollowingistrueofCSRaccordingtothelastparagraph?ThenecessaryamountofcompaniesspendingonitisunknownCompanies’financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimatedItsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked[D]IthasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustryText4TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint．Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate．”Sometimeinthefuture，”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010．Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside，there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint．Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper–printingpresses，deliverytrucks–isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline–onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints．Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway．Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts，revenuefromprintisstilldeclining．Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower，butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake，saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti．PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness，butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway．“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforhesaid，“butifyoudiscontinueit，you’regoingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou．”Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway．PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming．“Itwasseenasblunder，”hesaid．Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted．AndifPerettiwereinchargeattheTimes?”Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint，”hesaid．“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct．”Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor，theideagoes，andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein．“Soifyou’reoverpayingforprint，youcouldfeellikeyouwerehelping，”P(pán)erettisaid．“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue．”Inotherwords，ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct，makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit．WhichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready．Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear–morethantwiceasmuchasadigital–onlysubscription．“It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness，”P(pán)erettiremarked．“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethatwherewehavethingswe’redoingthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandtheworldchanges．Inthosesituations，it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethatlessaggressive．”TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingitsprinteditionpartlydueto[A]theincreasingonlineadsales [B]thepressurefromitsinvestors[C]thecomplaintsfromitsreaders [D]thehighcostofoperationPerettisuggeststhat，infaceofthepresentsituation，theTimesshouldmakestrategicadjustments [B]endtheprinteditionforgood[C]seeknewsourcesofreadership [D]aimforefficientmanagementItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs5and6thata“l(fā)egacyproduct”helpsrestorethegloryofformertimes [B]ismeantforthemostloyalcustomers[C]willhavethecostofprintingreduced [D]expandsthepopularityofthepaperPerettibelievesthat,inachangingworldtraditionalluxuriescanstayunaffected [B]cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solving[C]aggressivenessbettermeetschallenges [D]legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdatedwhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?ShifttoOnlineNewspapersAllatOnce [B]CherishtheNewspapersStillinYourHand[C]KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion [D]MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGoodPartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45)．Therearetwoextrasubheadings．MarkyouranswersontheANSERSHEET．(10point)CreateanewimageofyourselfDecideifthetimeisrightHaveconfidenceinyourself[D]Understandthecontext[E]Workwithprofessionals[F]Makeitefficient[G]KnowyourgoalsNomatterhowformalorinformaltheworkenvironment，thewayyoupresentyourselfhasanimpact．Thisisespeciallytrueinthefirstimpressions．AccordingtoresearchfromPrincetonUniversity，peopleassessyourcompetence，trustworthiness，andlikeabilityinjustatenthofasecond，solelybasedonthewayyoulook．Thedifferencebetweentoday’sworkplaceandthe“dressforsuccess”eraisthattherangeofoptionsissomuchbroader．Normshaveevolvedandfragmented．Insomesettings，redsneakersordressT-shirtscanconveystatus;inothersnotsomuch．Plus，whateverimagewepresentismagnifiedbysocial-mediaserviceslikeLinkedIn．Chancesare，yourheadshotsareseenmuchmoreoftennowthanadecadeortwoago．Millennials，itseems，facetheparadoxofbeingtheleastformalgenerationyetthemostconsciousofstyleandpersonalbranding．Itcanbeconfusing．Sohowdowenavigatethis?Howdoweknowwhentoinvestinanupgrade?Andwhat’sthebestwaytopulloffonethanenhancesourgoals?Herearesometips:41 Asanexecutivecoach，I’veseenimageupgradesbeparticularlyhelpfulduringtransitions-whenlookingforanewjob，steppingintoanewormorepublicrole，orchangingworkenvironments．Ifyou’reinaperiodofchangeorjustfeelingstuckandinarut，nowmaybeagoodtime．Ifyou’renotsure，askforhonestfeedbackfromtrustedfriends，colleaguesandprofessionals．Lookforcuesabouthowothersperceiveyou．Maybethere’snoneedforanupgradeandthat’sOK42 Getclearonwhatimpactyou’rehopingtohave．Areyoulookingtorefreshyourimageorpivotit?Foroneperson，thegoalmaybetobetakenmoreseriouslyandenhancetheirprofessionalimage．Foranother，itmaybetobeperceivedasmoreapproachable，ormoremodernandstylish．Forsomeonemovingfromfinancetoadvertising，maybetheywanttolookmore“SoHo．”(It’sOKtousecharacterizationslikethat)43 Lookatyourworkenvironmentlikeananthropologist．Whatarethenormsofyourenvironment?Whatconveysstatus?Whoareyourmostimportantaudiences?Howdothepeopleyourespectandlookuptopresentthemselves?Thebetteryouunderstandtheculturalcontext，themorecontrolyoucanhaveoveryourimpact．44 Enlistthesupportofprofessionalsandsharewiththemyourgoalsandcontext．Hireapersonalstylist，orusethefreestylingserviceofastorelikeJ．Crew．Tryahairstylistinsteadofabarber．Workwithaprofessionalphotographerinsteadofyourspouseorfriend．It’snotasexpensiveasyoumightthink．45 Thepointofastyleupgradeisn’ttobecomemorevainortospendmoretimefussingoverwhattowear．Instead，useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue．Pickastandardworkuniformorafewgo-tooptions．Buyallyourclothesatoncewithastylistinsteadofshoppingalone，onearticleofclothingatatime．PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese．YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET．(10points)Mentalhealthisourbirthright．(46)Wedon’thavetolearnhowtobementallyhealthy;itisbuiltintousinthesamewaythatourbodiesknowhowtohealacutormendabrokenbone．Mentalhealthcan’tbelearned，onlyreawakened．Itisliketheimmunesystemofthebody，whichunderstressorthroughlackofnutritionorexercisecanbeweakened，butwhichneverleavesus．Whenwedon’tunderstandthevalueofmentalhealthandwedon’tknowhowtogainaccesstoit，mentalhealthwillremainhiddenfromus．(47)Ourmentalhealthdoesn’treallygoanywhere;likethesunbehindacloud，itcanbetemporarilyhiddenfromview，butitisfullycapableofbeingrestoredinaninstant．Mentalhealthistheseedthatcontainsself-esteem–confidenceinourselvesandanabilitytotrustinourcommonsense．Itallowsustohaveperspectiveonourlives-theabilitytonottakeourselvestooseriously，tolaughatourselves，toseethebiggerpicture，andtoseethatthingswillworkout．It’saformofinnateorunlearnedoptimism．(48)Mentalhealthallowsustoviewotherswithsympathyiftheyarehavingtroubles，withkindnessiftheyareinpain，andwithunconditionallovenomatterwhotheyare．Mentalhealthisthesourceofcreativityforsolvingproblems，resolvingconflict，makingoursurroundingsmorebeautiful，managingourhomelife，orcomingupwithacreativebusinessideaorinventiontomakeourliveseasier．Itgivesuspatienceforourselves．a(chǎn)ndtowardothersaswellaspatiencewhiledriving，catchingafish，workingonourcar，orraisingaallowsustoseethebeautythatsurroundsuseachmomentinnature，inculture，intheflowofourdailylives．(49)Althoughmentalhealthisthecure-allforlivingourlives，itisperfectlyordinaryasyouwillseethatithasbeentheretodirectyouthroughallyourdifficultdecisions．Ithasbeenavailableeveninthemostmundaneoflifesituationstoshowyourightfromwrong，goodfrombad，friendfromfoe．Mentalhealthhascommonlybeencalledconscience，instinct，wisdom，commonsense，ortheinnervoice，Wethinkofitsimplyasahealthandhelpfulflowofintelligentthought．(50)Asyouwillcometosee，knowingthatmentalhealthisalwaysavailableandknowingtotrustitallowustoslowdowntothemomentandlivelifehappily．SectionIIIWritingPartADirections:Supposeyouarealibrarianinyouruniversity．Writeanoticeofabout100words．providingthenewly-enrolledinternationalstudentswithrelevantinformationaboutthelibrary．YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET．Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthenotice．UseLiMinginstead．Donotwritetheaddress．(10points)PartBDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures．Inyouressay，youshoulddescribethepicturesbrieflyinterpretthemeaning，andgiveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET．(20points)Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter．UseLiMinginstead．Donotwritetheaddress．(10points)2016年考研英語(yǔ)一真題答案解析SectionIUseofEnglish一、文章總體分析及結(jié)構(gòu)本文選自Wikipcdia（維基百科）網(wǎng)站“Courtship,Marriage,andDivorceinCambodia（柬埔寨青年的戀愛(ài)、結(jié)婚和離婚）”一文，講述柬埔寨青年的婚戀習(xí)俗。本文有著明確的主題，全文的中心主線(xiàn)在文章首句中就明確給出了：InCambodiathechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.（在柬埔寨，選擇配偶對(duì)于年輕男子而言是一件復(fù)雜的事情。）這個(gè)主題句明示了整篇文章的主題就是圍繞著“婚姻和配偶選擇及其復(fù)雜性”展開(kāi)的。全文由三段組成，第一段提及柬埔寨年輕人選擇配偶的過(guò)程；第二段講述柬埔寨具體的婚禮習(xí)俗‘第三段提及離婚過(guò)程，同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)離異人士所面臨的性別歧視。二、語(yǔ)篇精讀及試題精解InCambodia，thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale．Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends，１thoseoftheyoungwomen，butalsoamatchmaker．Ayoungmancan2alikelyspouseonhisownandthemaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations，ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse，givingthechildlittletosayintheselection．4，agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen．5aspousehasbeenselected，eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6 agoodfamily．詞匯詳解：spouse配偶matchmaker媒人1．[A]bywayof經(jīng)由；作為 [B]aswellas以及 [C]onbehalfof代表；為了 [D]withregardto關(guān)于；對(duì)于【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】邏輯關(guān)系（復(fù)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)）。thoseoftheyoungwoman與之前hisparentsandhisfriendsamatchmakerinvolvehisparentsandhisfriendsamatchmakernotonly…butalso說(shuō)明，根據(jù)復(fù)現(xiàn)原則，本空應(yīng)選擇能同樣表達(dá)并列關(guān)系的詞組，很明顯正確答案為選項(xiàng)[B]aswellas以及。[A]adaptto適應(yīng)，適合 [B]providefor為……做準(zhǔn)備；供養(yǎng)[C]competewith與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng) [D]decideon決定，選定【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞（詞組）辨析（對(duì)應(yīng)成分分析法）?！渑肌盌選項(xiàng)decdeonD項(xiàng)正確。[A]close關(guān)；結(jié)束 [B]renew更新；重新開(kāi)始 [C]arrange安排 [D]postpone推遲，延遲【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。themarriagenegotiations（結(jié)婚協(xié)商），再根據(jù)之前的原文信息：Ayoungman可以自行選擇akeyspoushspares[C]arrane[A]Intheory理論上 [B]Aboveall最重要的；尤其 [C]Intime遲早；及時(shí) [D]Forexample例如【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】副詞（詞組）辨析（同現(xiàn)原則）?！窘馕觥勘究諔?yīng)填副詞（詞組）做狀語(yǔ)，對(duì)其后的句子agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen進(jìn)行修飾，再根據(jù)之前的原文信息theyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection,既然這里已經(jīng)明確表達(dá)了“父母可以來(lái)選擇孩子的配偶而不給孩子什么發(fā)言權(quán)”，而本空所修飾句表達(dá)的是“女孩子可以不同意父母所選的配偶”?？芍钋‘?dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)是[A]Intheory理論上，這個(gè)詞組的修飾其實(shí)很大程度上弱化了“女孩子可以不同意父母所選的配偶”的程度；從同現(xiàn)原則的角度也可以判斷，Intheory與所修飾句中的線(xiàn)索詞may的傾向是一致的，最符合上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，故該項(xiàng)為最佳答案。[A]Although盡管[B]Lest唯恐；以免[C]After在……以后[D]Unless除非【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】邏輯關(guān)系。aspousehasbeenselectedeachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily的內(nèi)在邏輯，前后兩句明顯是時(shí)間關(guān)系，并且是“選擇配偶”之后才會(huì)“雙方家庭去做調(diào)查”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能標(biāo)示時(shí)間關(guān)系且符合此前后順序的只有選項(xiàng)[C]After在……以后，因此為最佳答案。[A]into進(jìn)入[B]within在……之內(nèi)[C]from從……[D]through通過(guò)，穿過(guò)【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】介詞辨析。marryagoodfamilyagoodfamily，最佳答案為選項(xiàng)[A]into進(jìn)入，即結(jié)婚進(jìn)入一個(gè)好家庭。長(zhǎng)難句分析：Ayoungmancandecideonalikelyspouseonhisownandthemaskhisparentstoarrangethemarriagenegotiations，ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse，givingthechildlittletosayintheselection．ororyoung主語(yǔ)candecideonalikelyspouse（1）…+and（并列連詞）+…askhisparentstoarrangethemarriagenegotiations（并列oryoung主語(yǔ)maymakethechoice謂語(yǔ)aspouse（賓語(yǔ)）；之后出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)示伴隨狀態(tài)。Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair．Formerlyitlastedthreedays，7bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf．Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing．Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting，9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists，and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplest