Unit+1+Honesty+and+responsibility+單元培優(yōu)練習(xí)題 高中英語牛津譯林版選擇性必修第四冊

Unit1Honestyandresponsibility單元培優(yōu)練習(xí)題Ⅰ.閱讀理解AMonkeyBuffetFestival,ThailandOntheverylastSundayofNovember,ifyoufindyourselfinLopburi,Thailand,youcanattendthisstrangeandwonderfulfestival.Inanancienttemple,animpressivefeastisheldforthelocalmacaquemonkeys(獼猴).Aftertheceremony,thefurryguestsofhonorbegintoenterthetemple.Sheetsarethenpulledfromtablesandtowerswhichfeatureabrightanddazzlingpileoffruits,vegetables,candies,andevenicecream!Justcometowatchthesepreciousanimalsfeedonthefoodhappily.Actuallyitsoundslikeapartytoustoo.ElColacho,SpainThisstrangefestivalactuallydatesallthewaybackto1620.Babiesthatareunder1yearofageareallwelcometoparticipate.Thesebabiesarelaidoutonmattresses(褥墊)inthemiddleoftheprocessionroute.Mendressedasdevilswillthenwaitforthebeatofadrumtosignaltheyshouldbegin.Holdingwhips,theymaketheirwayaroundtheroute,jumpingovereachmattresswiththebabyonit.Localsfeelthattheeventwillbringtheirchildrenhealth,luck,andguardthemagainstevilspirits.CheeseRollingFestival,EnglandWhenitwasfirststarted,localsoftheEnglishtownofBrockworth,GloucestershirewouldgatheratCooper'sHill.Nowadays,thisfestivalattractscompetitorsfromallovertheworldeveryMay.Fromtheverytop,a3~4kgwheelofcheeseissentrollingdownthehill.Participantstakeoffafterit,tryingtocatchthespeedingcheesewheel.Ifnobodymanagestocatchtherollingcheese,thefirstpersontocrossthefinishlinewouldbethewinner.Theprizeisthewheelofcheese,ofcourse.Thetripafterthecheeseissodifficultthatdoctorswaitatthebottomtoprovidefirstaidtounluckyparticipantsinneed.1.WhatisexactlyMonkeyBuffetFestival?A.Aceremonyforreligiousbeliefs.B.Showingoffdiversefood.C.Actiontakenforprotectingmonkeys.D.Afeastforcertainanimals.2.WhyisthefestivalofEIColachoobserved?A.Toamusechildren.B.Toblessbabies.C.Tofrightendevils.D.Toeducateadults.3.WhatisrequiredofcompetitorsforCheeseRolling?A.Richknowledge.B.Keencuriosity.C.Athleticbuild.D.Responsibility.BTheLeshanGiantBuddhaisastatueofMaitreya(彌勒佛)insittingposture.TheBuddhaislocatedinSichuanProvince,facingMinjiang,QingyiandDadurivers.InDecember,1996,theBuddhawasincludedbyUNESCOonthelistoftheWorldHeritageList.Facingtheriver,theBuddhahassymmetrical(對稱的)postureandlookswhichhavebeenbeautifullycapturedinitssolemn(莊嚴(yán)的)stillness.Thestatuewasbegunintheyear713intheTangDynasty,andfinishedintheyear803.TheBuddhais71metershigh.Andits8-meter-longinstep(腳背)isbigenoughforonehundredpeopletositonandthe28-meter-wideshoulderislargeenoughtobeabasketballplayground.ItwasamonkcalledHaiTongwhoinitiatedtheproject.Hisconcernwasforthesafetyoftheordinarypeoplewhoearnedtheirlivingaroundthejointofthethreerivers.Tempestuousandwildwatersbroughtoutnumerousboataccidentsandthesimplepeopleputthedisasterdowntothepresenceofawaterspirit.SoHaiTongdecidedtocarveagiantstatuebesidetheriverthinkingthattheBuddhawouldbringthewaterspiritundercontrol.Besides,thefallenstonesdroppedduringthecarvingwouldreducethewaterforcethere.After20years'beggingfromdoortodoor,hefinallycollectedenoughmoneyfortheplan.Whensomelocalgovernmentofficialstriedtogetthisamountofmoney,HaiTongsaidthattheycouldgethiseyeballsbutnotthemoneyraisedfortheBuddha.Afterhedugouthiseyeballs,theseofficialsranawayinfear.Theprojectwashalfdonewhenlong-sufferingHaiTongpassedaway,andtwoofhisdisciplescontinuedthework.Afteratotalof90years'hardwork,theprojectwaseventuallyaccomplished.Havingsuchalonghistory,theBuddhawasnearlydestroyedbytheerosion(侵蝕)ofwindandrain.Andwithitsworldwidefame,therenovationoftheBuddhahasreceivedextensiveattentionbothathomeandabroad.Thenin1963theChinesegovernmentbegantherepairingworkundertheinstructionsofexpertsfromUNESCO.Andatpresent,themaintenanceworkisstillinprogress.4.WhatwasHaiTong'spurposetobuildthestatue?A.Togainfame.B.TospreadBuddhism.C.Torespectthewaterspirit.D.Toprotectlocalpeople.5.HowdidHaiTongfundtheproject?A.Bybeggingformoney.B.Byworkingontheriver.C.Byaskingthegovernment.D.Bybuildingbusinesses.6.WhichwordcanbestdescribeHaiTong?A.Generous.B.Social.C.Devoted. D.Cruel.7.Whichcolumnofanewspaperdoesthispassagebelongto?A.Innovation.B.Artandculture.C.Policywatch.D.Forumtrends.CFromcheckingsocialmediaeveryminutetobeinglostincomputergames,wetendtooverusetechnology.“Formanypeople,amomentwithoutyourphoneorlaptopinsightcanfeellikealifetime,”theDailyMailcommented.AcomputermodelcalledMindymaypersuademanypeopletothinktwice.AteamfromtheUS-basedcompanyTollFreeForwardingbuiltathree-dimensionalmodeltouncoverthenegativeeffectstechnologycanhaveonhumanbodiesinlessthan800years.“Spendinghourslookingdownatyourphonestrainsyourneckandthrowsyourspineoffbalance,”explainedCalebBacke,ahealthandwellnessexpertintheUS.Then,themusclesinourneckneedtospendextraefforttosupportthehead,makingourbackhunchedandneckwide.“Thewayweholdourphonescancausepressureincertainpointsofcontact—causingtextclaw,”NikolaDjordjevic,apracticingphysicianinSerbiatoldtheteam.Itaffectstheelbowstoo,causingpaininthearm.Scientifically,itiscalledcubitaltunnelsyndrome.That'swhyMindyhasa90-degreeelbow,andherhandslooklikeshe'salwaysholdingamobilephone.Somepeoplealsocommentedthathumanevolutionmaynotworkthisway.Theybelievethatonlyfeatureswithactualbenefitswouldbekeptthroughouttheyears.Forexample,featuresthatcanincreasetherateofsurvival,insteadofthenegativeimpactoftechnology.However,currenthumanlifestylesstillraiseconcerns.AmodelcalledEmmawasbuiltbyresearchersintheUKin2019toshowhowthewaypeopleworkattheirdeskscouldchangethemin20years.TheresearchteambuiltEmmabasedonthehealthissuesmentionedbyover3,000workersinFrance,GermanyandtheUK.Emma'sbackstaysbent,andherlegsareswollenduetothetimepeoplespentinfrontofcomputers.Withlittletimespentoutdoorsandinthesun,herskinispale,too.8.WhatisthepurposeofbuildingthemodelMindy?A.Toencouragebetteruseofelectricdevices.B.Todiscouragepeoplefromoverusingphones.C.Toprovetheimmediateeffectsofusingphones.D.Tofindsolutionstooverusingphones.9.WhatdoesthemodelMindylooklike?A.Shehasbentfingers.B.Shehasanormalelbow.C.Shehasdarkandhealthyskin.D.Sheishunch-backedandthin-necked.10.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Negativetechnologicalimpact.B.Beneficialevolutionprediction.C.Mindy'sfutureappearance.D.Theconnectionbetweenevolutionandtechnology.11.WhydoestheauthormentionanothermodelEmma?A.Tocomparethetwomodels.B.Topromotehealthylifestyles.C.Torelieveconcernsoflifestyles.D.Tocontradicttheoptimisticopinion.Ⅱ.七選五Ifyou'veeverwonderedhowoftenyoushouldshampoo(用洗發(fā)水洗)yourhair,you'renotalone.1Whilemanypeopleprefertowashtheirhairdaily,othersthinkthatonceeveryfewdaysisbest.Butthatstillleavesuswiththeveryimportantquestion—howmuchistoomuch?

2Whenyouwashyourhairwithshampoo,thesurfactant(表面活性劑)intheshampoomixeswithwaterandworkstocleandirtandoilfromyourhair.Althoughcleanhairisdefinitelyagoodthing,frequentshampooingcanleadtosomeproblemssuchassplitends(發(fā)梢開叉)anddullhair.

Mostpeoplewhowashtheirhaireverydaysaytheydoittoavoidabuild-upofoil.Butinfact,skippingawashisthebestwaytopreventoilfrombuildingup.Mostoftentheoilysubstanceinyourhairdoesn'tcomefromnaturaloilbutfromtheproductsyouusefortreatmentandstyling.3

Actually,howoftenyoushouldshampooyourhairdependsonyourhairtype.Peoplewhosweatalotorliveinahumidareamayneedtoshampootheirhairmorefrequently.4Ifyourhairisoily,youshouldtrytouseashampoothatisspeciallydesignedforoilyhair.

Sincethickerhaircollectslessoil,it'llneedlesswashing.5Anyway,thebestwaytoknowhowoftentowashyourhairistoexperiment.Aslongasyoudon'thavescalp(頭皮)problems,youcanwashyourhaironceaweek.

A.Itisevidentthatshampoocanbeharmfultoyourhair.B.Oilyhair,ontheotherhand,ismoredifficulttodealwith.C.Washingyourhaireverydaycanbecostlyandunhelpful.D.It'saquestionthathasbeenbotheringthousandsofpeople.E.Inaddition,dryandcurlyhaircanoftenbeleftunwashedfordays.F.Youmaynoticesomechangesifyoustartskippingwashingyourhair.G.Toanswerthat,wefirstneedtounderstandwhathappenswhenyouwashyourhair.Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華,你的英國筆友Jack對最近你校開展的課間跑操活動(runningexerciseduringthebreak)很感興趣,現(xiàn)寫信向你了解你對課間跑操的看法和感受。請你給他寫一封回信,內(nèi)容包括:1.活動目的;2.你的看法和感受。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。DearJack,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案Ⅰ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】文章主要介紹了三個節(jié)日——泰國猴子自助餐節(jié)、西班牙跳嬰節(jié)和英國滾奶酪節(jié)。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MonkeyBuffetFestival,Thailand部分第二句可知,該節(jié)日為猴子舉辦盛宴,讓它們飽餐一頓。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ElColacho,Spain最后兩句可知,在跳嬰節(jié)中男子從嬰兒身上跳躍過去,當(dāng)?shù)厝苏J(rèn)為可以驅(qū)魔,給孩子們帶來健康和好運,所以該節(jié)日是為祝福嬰兒而舉辦。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)CheeseRollingFestival,England部分第四句及最后一句可知,參與者在奶酪輪滾下山頂后起跑去抓住加速行駛的奶酪輪,這個過程非常艱難。由此判斷,參加比賽的人要有健壯的體魄?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】四川樂山大佛聞名中外,那這座大佛是何人因何所建呢,本文將帶你一探究竟。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,因這里經(jīng)常發(fā)生船舶事故,海通和尚想雕刻一尊大型佛像以制服水神,保人們平安。5.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知,海通和尚通過化緣的方式來籌集修建大佛的資金。6.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知,海通和尚為塑大佛,20年如一日四處化緣,為保全資金不惜自毀雙目,最佳描繪他的詞應(yīng)是devoted“有獻(xiàn)身精神的”。7.B推理判斷題。本文主要是關(guān)于被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》的樂山大佛背后的故事,屬于文化及藝術(shù)范疇?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】我們傾向于沉迷于科技,過度使用手機(jī)和電腦。文章闡明了過度使用手機(jī)和電腦會帶來的負(fù)面影響。8.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,建立Mindy模型的目的是展示科技的負(fù)面影響勸阻人們不要過度使用手機(jī)。9.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知,Mindy的手看起來像一直拿著手機(jī),所以手指應(yīng)是彎曲的。10.B主旨大