高中英語語法填空專題講解-課件(共35張)

語法填空講解2020.02.12

文章長(zhǎng)度在200詞左右，要求考生在理解上下文情景的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)單詞提示寫出單詞的正確形式，或根據(jù)對(duì)原文的理解填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容。所填的單詞大多為一個(gè)，最多不超過三個(gè)。

這種命題形式以語篇為核心，更能考查學(xué)生對(duì)英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的靈活運(yùn)用。10空7空（有提示詞）3空（無提示詞）動(dòng)詞名詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)形容詞/副詞：比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：1.動(dòng)詞變名詞、形容詞；2.名詞變形容；3.形容詞與副詞的互換。連詞（并列句）：and,but,or…引導(dǎo)詞（從句）：who,that,what…代詞：they,him,our,themselves…介詞：in,on,to,for…冠詞：

a/an,the連接性副詞：however,therefore…謂語：時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，主謂一致非謂語動(dòng)：-ing，-ed，todoTestpoints(考點(diǎn))：考點(diǎn)規(guī)律:1)動(dòng)詞是必考點(diǎn)，一定會(huì)同時(shí)考察謂語和非謂語。2)冠詞、代詞、介詞、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換是必考點(diǎn)。3)連接詞中，定語從句引導(dǎo)詞考頻最高。4)形容詞比較級(jí)是高頻率考點(diǎn)。Howtofillintheblanks?第一步確定句子成分第二步確定所填詞性第三步判斷具體形式一、純空格題解題技巧IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and___getstherealmostinasecond.Skill1：缺主語或賓語，考慮填______.代詞itSkill2:若空格后是名詞，且它沒有限定詞（冠詞/形容詞性物主代詞/數(shù)詞/量詞)修飾，很可能填的就是______1）Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynastywasveryanxioustohelp_____ricecropgrowupquickly.2)…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto____

smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.hisa名詞短語：限定詞+（形容詞）+名詞限定詞Itisnotmuchuselearningbyheartalonglistofwordsand_______meaning,studyingthedictionaryandsoon.Fromtheircomments,wecanknowbetteraboutanitem'scolor,sizeaswellas_____shortcomings.TheRomansbuiltasettlementontheRiverThames,andoverthecenturiesitgrewintotheCityofLondon,with_____hugeport._______personaddedfromMumbai,India:“I'mreadingaboutUberhiringaNASAengineertobuildflyingcars,whileI'mtrappedintraffic.Thereishope.”theiritsaAnotherSkill3：句子不缺主語、表語，動(dòng)詞后不缺賓語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面，填_____.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis___greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish.

介詞

ofThereisnoeasywaytosucceed____languagelearning.Sometimes,thesize_____theitemwereceivecanbetoobigortoosmall.Atthemeeting,wediscuss______eachotherandtalkaboutouropinions.inofwith介詞+名詞/代詞/動(dòng)名詞/從句Skill4：兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)的單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，考慮填______.…twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso_________Cabdido

Poitinari,whichareworthmillionsofdollars.連詞andskill5：若兩個(gè)句子（一個(gè)主謂關(guān)系算一個(gè)句子）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，填_________或_________.

Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays________IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.Maybeyouhaveahabit________________isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.

并列連詞從屬連詞that/whichbefore（連接定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句）“Learnthroughuse”isagoodpieceofadviceforthose______arestudyinganewlanguage.whoNowletmeintroduce______aschooldayislikeinChina.whatskill6：由____________來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。(1)由it

is…that…

強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷it還是that。判斷方法：去掉itis…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還是一個(gè)完整的句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。(2)由it

作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格是否填it.(3)在倒裝句式中通常填only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not…until等詞。(4)so/such…that…句型(5)more…than…(與其說……不如說……，比……更……)句型。特殊句式Edward,afamousjournalistsaid,“____seemsthatanimmediateeffortfromthegovernmentisneededforneighbourhoodimprovementinordertosolvetheproblemsthatwefoundinourstudy.…”It

綜合檢測(cè)1.“Thereis_____“h”intheword“hour”，but____“h”doesn’tmake_____sound.”2.(2015全國)____thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.3.(2010廣東高考)Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful（糟糕的）.Whydidyoupretendtolike_____”4.Itisthedoll____mysisterlovedmostandwantedsomuchthisChristmas.anatheAtitthat給出動(dòng)詞的解題技巧skill1:當(dāng)括號(hào)內(nèi)提供的是動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要判斷其是謂語還是非謂語。技巧1）：如果句子缺謂語時(shí)，則填練習(xí)①Theexam,whichwasoriginally（當(dāng)初）tobeheldinourclassroom,_____________(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.②(2015全國卷)Thiscycle____(go)everyday.waschangedgoes主語非限定性定語從句主語謂語動(dòng)詞，首先要判斷其時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致二、有提示詞的解題技巧練習(xí)①Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmart（聰明的）andstrong-willed（堅(jiān)定的）,areverylikely_____________(succeed).skill2：當(dāng)句子主干有謂語則可能考查的是謂語非謂語tosucceedbelikelytodosth很可能做某事則要判斷是V-ing形式、V-ed形式和動(dòng)詞不定式。V-ing形式表主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行或介詞后；V-ed形式表被動(dòng)，完成；todo形式表主動(dòng)，將來，也作目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語及形容詞后的狀語。非謂語形式，非限定性定語從句②Withtheproblem

(solve),Ifeltproudof（以…為驕傲）myachievement（成績(jī)）.③Whatmakesthemadmirable（令人欽佩的）istheirabilityto“aircondition”（給…裝上空調(diào)）ahousewithout

（use）mordenequipment（現(xiàn)代設(shè)備）.usingsolved謂語非謂語謂語非謂語介詞被動(dòng)Ifwearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswe______________(memorize),wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.havememorized_________(avoid)suchtroubles,weshouldcomparesimilaritemsondifferentonlinestoresandpaymoreattentiontowhatothercustomerssay.Toavoid___________(compare)togrowingupinnormalneighbourhoods,growingupinneighbourhoodswithhighlevelsofpovertyandunemploymentreducesthechancesofhighschoolgraduationfrom96%to76%forblackchildren.Compared詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定給出的單詞在句中充當(dāng)什么成分。再用正確的單詞形式補(bǔ)充完整，skill1：作表語（在系動(dòng)詞之后），定語（修飾名詞）或賓補(bǔ)（表性質(zhì)/狀態(tài)），通常用______練習(xí)①Heis______(help)toothers.②Mr.Wangisa_______(fun)teacher.helpfulfunny詞類轉(zhuǎn)換的解題技巧系動(dòng)詞be后接形容詞修飾名詞用形容詞形容詞Peoplehavedeclared“noselfie”inareasconsideredtobe____________(danger)—particularlyalongthecoastlineinspotswithnorailingsorfences.dangerousskill2：作主語，在，用名詞形式；在后，用名詞形式。練習(xí)①Thankyouforgivingussomanygood_____________(suggest).②JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewith______(certain).certaintysuggestions形容詞后接名詞介詞后接名詞及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語形容詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格③Whatmakesthemadmirable（令人欽佩的）istheir

（able）to“aircondition”（給…裝上空調(diào)）ahousewithoutusingmordenequipment（現(xiàn)代設(shè)備）.ability形容詞性物主代詞后接名詞skill3：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。①______(sad)thelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplaceintoanotherbuilding.②(2015年高考)Wallsmadeofadobe(土坯房）takeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_____（slow）duringcoolnights.Sadlyslowly修飾整個(gè)句子，用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，用副詞Growingupinapoorneighbourhood________(great)reducesthechancesthatachildwillgraduatefromhighschool,accordingtoastudy.greatlyPeopleliveandworkbytheriver_________(happy).happilyOurteacherskeepencouragingustoact____________(positive)inclass.positively________(obvious),thisisagreattimeforus.ObviouslyInordertoknowaforeignlanguage___________(complete),fourthingsarenecessary.completelyYesterdayevening,justbeforedusk,Ispottedapigeon_______(bad)tiedupwithasharpstring,__________(hit)thewallandthetreebranches,tofree_________(he)fromthekitestring.badlyhittinghimselfskill4：有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類不用變，主要是考察具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，根據(jù)句子意思需要，在詞根前加等，在詞根后加-less等使句子前后邏輯意義通順。

練習(xí)Hisbadhealthisagreat______________(advantage)tohim.Heisvery__________(lucky),heneverwinsanything.Ifweare____________(care),wemaygetintotrouble.disadvantageunluckyun-，im-，dis-carelessskill5：當(dāng)所給詞是形容詞或副詞，且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時(shí)，往往要求寫出形容詞或副詞的。練習(xí)①—Theseorangesareonlyadollar.—Well,theyare__________(cheap)thanothers,buttheydon’tlookasgood.②Shanghaiisoneofthe__________(large)citiesintheword.cheaperlargest比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式WiththehelpoftheInternet,shoppingis____________(easy)thanbefore.easierUbersaiditsflyingvehicleswouldbemuch___________(quiet),costlesstooperateandproducelesspollutionthanhelicopters.quieterItisalmost346kilometerslong,andisthesecond____________(long)riverinGreatBritain.longestsummary動(dòng)詞解題技巧謂語：非謂語動(dòng)詞：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換解題技巧根據(jù)句意需要，加前綴或在形容詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格后，用在句中作主語或賓語，用根據(jù)句意，考慮使用形容詞或副詞的在句中定語或表語，用在句中作狀語，用時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，主謂一致v-ing,v-ed,todo比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形容詞副詞后綴名詞名詞詞類轉(zhuǎn)化題鞏固練習(xí)1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid_________(rude).2.（2012全國Ⅱ,26）Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuch（那么）,the________(good).3.____________(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjustonly10minutesleft...!4.AsfarasIamconcerned（就我而言）,my____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook.rudelysuggestionUnfortunatelybetter（篇章）語法填空練習(xí)Theadobedwellings(土坯房）_61___(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven___62___mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__63___(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout___64__（use）electricequipment.built非謂語動(dòng)詞，dwellings與build是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系the形容詞modern最高級(jí)前用定冠詞ability形容性物主代詞their+名詞