高中英語課時作業(yè)（譯林版選修第四冊）課時作業(yè) 2

課時作業(yè)(二)Unit1SectionⅡGrammarandusage&IntegratedskillsⅠ.閱讀理解AWhenpeoplepausebeforereplyingtoaquestion,evenforjustafewseconds,theiranswersaresupposedtobelesssincereandbelievablethaniftheyreplyimmediately.Andthelongerthehesitationlasts,thelesssinceretheresponseappears.Researchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan7，500individuals.Participantseitherlistenedtoanaudiorecord,viewedavideoorreadanaccountofapersonrespondingtoasimplequestion.Ineachcase,theresponsetimevariedfromanimmediateresponsetoa10-secondthenratedthesincerityoftheresponseonaslidingscale.Acrossall14experiments,participantsconsistentlyrateddelayedresponseslesssincereregardlessofthequestion.Thefindingshavewideconnotations.Wheneverpeopleareinteracting,theyarejudgingeachother'ssincerity.Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderangeofinteractions,goingfromworkplacechatstoargumentsofcouplesandfriends.Further,injobinterviewsandincourthearingsandtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgementsofsincerity.Andresponsespeedcouldplayaparttoo.Ingeneral,wheneverthereisaresponsethatrequiresananswer,suchasinajobinterview,delayedresponsescanbethoughtaslesssincere.Itwouldbeunfairfortheresponder,suchasacrimesuspect,iftheresponsedelaywassortedbymistakeintothoughtcontroloranswermaking-upwhenitwasinfactcausedbyadifferentfactor,suchassimplybeingdistractedorthoughtful.Theexperimentalsofoundthatdefinitelyinstructingparticipantstoignoredelayedresponsereduced,butdidnotpletelyremovetheeffectofdelayedresponseonjudgementofsincerityorguilt.Nevertheless,onthewhole,afastresponseseemstoberegardedasmoresincere,whilearesponsethatisdelayedforevenacoupleofsecondsmaybeconsideredaslowlie.1．Whatdoesthereliabilityofanswerslieinaccordingtothestudy?A．Theresponsetime.B．Thecontentsofanswers.C．Thetoneofspeakers.D．Thedifficultyofquestions.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“connotations”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Choices.B．Responsibilities.C．Meanings.D．Possibilities.3．Whateffectsdoesthestudyresulthaveonourlife?A．Itisatesttojudgehonesty.B．Itcanpreventalotofcrimes.C．Itimprovesskillsinaskingquestions.D．Itpromotestheharmonybetweenpeople.4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Delayedanswersarelies.B．Itisunfairtorequirealltoanswerslowly.C．Delayedanswerscanleadtomisjudgement.D．Delayedresponseshouldbeignoredpletely.BBornonMay27，1907inSpringdale,Pennsylvania,RachelCarsonbecameanavidexploreraswellasreader,andtookaninterestinwritingstories.Bytheageof10,shehadpublishedherfirststoryinSt.Nicholas.Shewouldoftenreadthismagazine,aswellasmanyothersthatconcernedwiththenaturalworld.In1925,shefinishedhighschoolatthetopofherclass—aclassof45students.CarsonwentontoattendthePennsylvaniaCollegeforWomen,whichisknownasChathamUniversitynow.Thisiswheresheendeduppursuingthesciences,moreprecisely,biology.SheeventuallyattendedJohnsHopkinsUniversityin1929,continuingherstudiesinzoologyandgenetics.Carsonpletedhermaster'sdegreeinzoologyinJuneof1932,andwenttoworkatalocalradiostation.HereshewroteeducationalbroadcastsforaweeklyradioshowcalledRomanceUndertheWaters.ThisledhertoherjobattheU．S.BureauofFisheries,andshebecamejustthesecondwomantobeemployedbythebureau.In1951,CarsonhadherbookTheSeaAroundUspublished,whichexplainstheplexityoftheoceantonon-scientists.Carsonwrotethebookwithpoetryandscience,andsheintendedtosparkherreadersasenseofthefragilityoftheworld'secosystem.TheSeaAroundUsmadeCarsonthevoiceofpublicscienceinAmerica,aninternationallyrecognizedauthorityontheoceans,andestablishedherreputationasanaturewriterofthefirstrank.In1962,Carsonbecamewell-knownwhenhermostfamousbookSilentSpringwaspublished.Thisbookdescribedthenegativeeffectsofpesticidesontheenvironment.Herconcernoverpesticidesdatesbacktothe1940s,butnoonewouldtakeitseriouslyuntilthisbookwasfinallypublished.OnApril14th,1964,Carsonpassedawayduetoaheartattackbutherworkonpreservingtheenvironmenthascontinuedtothisday.SilentSpringwasevenrepublishedin1994withanintroductionfromthenvice-presidentAlGore.5．WhatdoweknowaboutCarson'searlylife?A．ShewasabigfanofSt.Nicholas.B．Sheworkedpart-timeataradiostation.C．Shepursuedthesciencesinhighschool.D．ShemovedtoSpringdaleattheageof10.6．Accordingtothetext,TheSeaAroundUs________．A．isasciencebookforprofessionalsB．waspublishedafterCarsonpassedawayC．a(chǎn)imedtoraisepublicenvironmentalawarenessD．hasmadeCarsonafictionwriterofinternationalsignificance7．WhatmightbeAlGore'sattitudetowardsSilentSpring?A．Critical. B．Ambiguous.C．Sceptical. D．Approving.8．WhichwordscanbestdescribeCarson?A．Talentedandresponsible.B．Independentbutserious.C．Reliableandcourageous.D．Determinedbutproud.Ⅱ.七選五Atsomepointinthenearfuture,self-drivingcarsmaybeemonontheroad.Self-drivingcarshavealreadybeentest-driven,buttheyarenotyetavailabletothepublic.Self-drivingcarshavealreadybeentest-driventhousandsofmiles.__1__Passengerscoulddothingssuchaseatingorreadingontheway.Bestofall,theself-drivingcarsthatweretestedexperiencedfeweraccidentsthanaveragehumandrivers.__2__Thereareissuesthatmustbesolvedbeforeself-drivingcarscanbemadeavailabletothepublic.Oneproblemisthatacarcannotpredictproblemsfardowntheroadlikeadrivercan.__3__Forexample,adrivercanseethatachildisridingherskateboarddirectlyacrosstheroadkmawayandstarttoslowdown.Aself-drivingcarcanreactonlyoncethechildisinitsimmediatepath.__4__Theymaybeeconfusedbyfog,heavyrain,orroadsprayfromanothervehicle'swheels.Theydon'tpredictor“feel”thattheroadshavebeeicylikeanexperienceddriverwould.Forinstance,whenaroadisicy,ahumandriverwouldsteponthebrakes(剎車)moregentlythanwhentheroadsarecleananddry.Anotherissueis