醫(yī)療行業(yè)專業(yè)術語知識

一、常用系統(tǒng)（1）HIS（醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)）

HIS全稱HospitalInformationSystem。

HIS是覆蓋醫(yī)院所有業(yè)務和業(yè)務全過程的信息管理系統(tǒng)。利用電子計算機和通訊設備，為醫(yī)院所屬各部門提供病人診療信息和行政管理信息的收集、存儲、處理、提取和數(shù)據(jù)交換的能力并滿足授權用戶的功能需求的平臺。

（2）LIS（檢驗信息系統(tǒng)）

LIS全稱LaboratoryInformationManagementSystem。

LIS是專為醫(yī)院檢驗科設計的一套實驗室信息管理系統(tǒng)，能將實驗儀器與計算機組成網(wǎng)絡，使病人樣品登錄、實驗數(shù)據(jù)存取、報告審核、打印分發(fā)，實驗數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析等繁雜的操作過程實現(xiàn)了智能化、自動化和規(guī)范化管理。3.PACS（影像歸檔和通信系統(tǒng)）

（3）PACS(圖片影像系統(tǒng))

全稱PictureArchivingandCommunicationSystems。

它是應用在醫(yī)院影像科室的系統(tǒng)，主要的任務就是把日常產(chǎn)生的各種醫(yī)學影像（包括核磁，CT，超聲，X光機，紅外儀、顯微儀等設備產(chǎn)生的圖像）通過各種接口（模擬，DICOM，網(wǎng)絡）以數(shù)字化的方式海量保存起來，當需要的時候在一定的授權下能夠很快的調(diào)回使用，同時增加一些輔助診斷管理功能。它在各種影像設備間傳輸數(shù)據(jù)和組織存儲數(shù)據(jù)具有重要作用。

（4）RIS（放射科信息系統(tǒng)）

RIS全稱RadiologyInformationSystem。

它是醫(yī)院重要的醫(yī)學影像信息系統(tǒng)之一，它與PACS系統(tǒng)共同構(gòu)成醫(yī)學影像學的信息化環(huán)境。放射科信息系統(tǒng)是基于醫(yī)院影像科室工作流程的任務執(zhí)行過程管理的計算機信息系統(tǒng)，主要實現(xiàn)醫(yī)學影像學檢驗工作流程的計算機網(wǎng)絡化控制、管理和醫(yī)學圖文信息的共享，并在此基礎上實現(xiàn)遠程醫(yī)療。5.CIS（臨床信息系統(tǒng)）

（5）CIS(臨床信息系統(tǒng))

全稱ClinicalInformationSystem。

它是支持醫(yī)院醫(yī)護人員的臨床活動，收集和處理病人的臨床醫(yī)療信息，豐富和積累臨床醫(yī)學知識，并提供臨床咨詢、輔助診療、輔助臨床決策，提高醫(yī)護人員的工作效率，為病人提供更多、更快、更好的服務。像醫(yī)囑處理系統(tǒng)、病人床邊系統(tǒng)、醫(yī)生工作站系統(tǒng)、實驗室系統(tǒng)、藥物咨詢系統(tǒng)等就屬于CIS范圍。臨床信息系統(tǒng)CIS相對于醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)HIS而言，是兩個不同的概念。HIS是面向醫(yī)院管理的，是以醫(yī)院的人、財、物為中心，以重復性的事物處理為基本管理單元，以醫(yī)院各級管理人員為服務對象，以實現(xiàn)醫(yī)院信息化管理、提高醫(yī)院管理效益為目的。而CIS是面向臨床醫(yī)療管理的，是以病人為中心，以基予醫(yī)學知識的醫(yī)療過程處理為基本管理單元，以醫(yī)院的醫(yī)務人員為服務對象，以提高醫(yī)療質(zhì)量、實現(xiàn)醫(yī)院最大效益為目的。

（6）PIS（病理系統(tǒng)）

全稱PathologyInformationSystem

（7）PEIS(體檢信息系統(tǒng))

全稱PhysicalExaminationInformationSystem。X-rayMammaryMachine乳腺X線機highprecisionStereotaxic高精度腦立體定向儀portableType-Bultrasonic便攜式B超needledestroyer針頭銷毀器automaticpacker自動紙塑包裝機SterilizationandDisinfectionEquipment消毒滅菌設備Radiotherapeuticequipment.放射療法設備pharmaceuticalequipments.制藥設備horizontalpressurizedsteamsterilizer普通臥式壓力蒸汽滅菌器medicalelectroniclinearaccelerator醫(yī)用電子直線加速器highfrequencyX-raysdiagnosticmachine高頻X射線診斷機simulatedpositioner模擬定位機disposablesterileinjector一次性無菌注射針injectionset注射器disposablevenousinfusionneedle一次性靜脈輸液針disposableinfusionset一次性使用輸液器bloodtransfusionset輸血器infusionbag液袋urinedrainagebag集尿袋bloodbag血袋medicalcatheter醫(yī)用導管stainlesssteelneedle不銹鋼醫(yī)用針管highfrequencymobileX-raysmachine高頻移動X射線機UrineAnalyzer尿液分析儀bloodsugar(glucose)analyzer血糖分析儀UltrasonicColorDopplerDiagnosticsystem彩色超聲多普勒診斷系統(tǒng)MobileCTsystem移動CT系統(tǒng)PermanentMagnetOpenMagneticResonancesystem永磁開放式磁共振系統(tǒng)123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051四、常見手術名稱GeneralSugery普外appendectomy(appendicectomy)闌尾切除術cholecystectmy膽囊切除術cholecystostomy膽囊造口術drainageoftheabscess膿腫引流enterostomy腸造口術exploratorylaparotomy開腹探查術gastrectomy胃切除術gastroduodenostomy胃十二指腸吻合術hemorrhoidectomy痔切除術hepaticotomy肝管切開術hepatectomy肝切除術herniorrhaphy疝修補術ligationofloweroesophagealveins低位食管靜脈結(jié)扎pancreatectomy胰切除術portalvenacavaanastomosis門腔靜脈吻合術pyloroplasty幽門成形術mastectomy乳房切除術splenectomy脾切除術thyroidectomy甲狀腺切除術thyroidlobectomy甲狀腺葉切除術vagotomy迷走神經(jīng)切斷術Orthopedics骨科amputation截肢arthrodesis關節(jié)固定術curettageifbonetumor骨瘤刮除術excisionofbonetumor骨瘤切除術externalfixation外固定fasciotomy筋膜切開術freeskingraft自由皮瓣移植internalfixation內(nèi)固定plastercast石膏管形plastersplintage石膏夾板固定prostheticreplacementforjoint人工關節(jié)置換術reductionoffracture骨折復位reductionofjointdislocation關節(jié)脫位復位repairifligament韌帶修補replantationifdigit斷指再植skeletaltraction骨牽引tenorrhaphy腱縫合術ThoracicSurgery胸外科aortocoronarybypass主動脈冠狀動脈分流closeddrainageofpleuralcavity胸腔閉式引流completeintracardiacrepairofFallot’sTetralogy法洛完全修復術dilationofaorticvalularstenosis主動脈瓣狹窄擴張術exploratorythoracotomy開胸探查hearttransplantation心臟移植heartvalvereplacement心臟瓣膜置換術ligationofpatentductusarteriosis動脈導管未閉結(jié)扎術lobectomyoflungs肺葉切除localexcisionoftumoroflungs肺腫瘤局部切除術parialesophagectomyandreconstructionofesophagus食管部分切除、重建repairofauricularseptaldefect房間隔缺損修補術repairifventricularseptaldefect室間隔缺損修補術repairifvalvularinsufficiency瓣膜閉鎖不全的修補pericardiectomy心包切除術peicardiotomy心包切開術pulmonaryembolectomy肺動脈栓子切除術resectionofarterialaneurysm動脈瘤切除術Urology泌尿科cystoplasty膀胱成形術cystostomy膀胱造口術nephrectomy腎切除術nephrostomy腎造口術nephrolithotomy腎石切除術orchiectomy睪丸切除術prostatectomy前列腺切除術renalbiopsy腎活檢renaltransplantation腎移植urethra-lithotomy輸尿管結(jié)石切除urethroplasty尿道成形術vasoligation輸精管結(jié)扎術Neurosurgery神經(jīng)外科decompression減壓術excisionofbraintumor腦瘤切除術exploratorycraniotomy開顱探查術lobectomy（腦）葉切除術removedofintracranialhematoma顱內(nèi)血腫清除術repairofduradefect硬腦膜缺損修補術Dentistry牙科dentalprosthetics鑲牙filling牙填充orthodontictreatment牙矯正術periodontaltreatment牙周治療toothextraction拔牙Gynecology&Obstetrics婦產(chǎn)科amniocentesis羊膜穿刺術cervicectomy子宮頸切除術cesareansection剖宮產(chǎn)術剖腹產(chǎn)culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺術dilatationofthecervix宮頸擴張術excisionofBartholincyst巴氏腺囊腫切除術hysterectomy子宮切除術inductionoflabor引產(chǎn)術ovariancystectomy助產(chǎn)術oophorectomy卵巢切除術salpingectomy輸卵管切除術sterilization絕育術uterinecuretlage刮宮術vulvectomy外陰切除術Ophthalmology&Otorhinolaryngology五官科aspirationofcataract白內(nèi)障吸出術closedreductionofnasalbone鼻骨閉合復位cornealgrafting角膜移植enucleationofeyeball眼球摘除術excisionofturbinates鼻甲切除術extractionofintra-ocularforeignbody眼內(nèi)異物摘除laryngectomyandlaryngostomy喉切除術和喉造口術lensextraction晶體摘除mastoidectomy乳突切開術myringotomy鼓膜切開術myringoplasty鼓膜成形術nasalpolypectomy鼻息肉切除術septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形術sinusotomy鼻竇切開術submuscousresectionofnasalseptum鼻中隔粘膜下切除術tonsillectomy扁桃體切除術123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118五、常見疾病名稱InternalMedicine內(nèi)科Acidosis酸中毒Adams-Stokessyndrome亞－斯氏綜合癥alcoholism,alcoholicintoxication酒精中毒alkalosis堿中毒anaphylaxis過敏癥anemia貧血irondeficiencyanemia缺鐵性貧血megaloblasticanemia巨幼紅細胞性貧血aplasticanemia再生障礙性貧血angiitis脈管炎anginapectoris心絞痛arteriosclerosis動脈硬化apoplexy中風auricularfibrillation心房纖顫auriculo-ventricularblock房室傳導阻滯bronchialasthma支氣管哮喘bronchitis支氣管炎bronchiectasis支氣管擴張bronchopneumonia支氣管肺炎carcinoma癌cardiacarrhythmia心律紊亂cardiacfailure心力衰竭cardiomyopathy心肌病cirrhosis肝硬化coronaryarterioscleroticheartdisease冠狀動脈硬化性心臟病Crohndisease克羅恩病Cushing’ssyndrome庫欣綜合癥diabetes糖尿病diffuseintravascularcoagulation彌散性血管凝血dysentery痢疾enteritis腸炎gastriculcer胃潰瘍gastritis胃炎gout痛風hepatitis肝炎Hodgkin’sdisease霍奇金病hyperlipemia高脂血癥，血脂過多hyperparathyroidism甲狀旁腺功能亢進hypersplenism脾功能亢進hypertension高血壓hyperthyroidism甲狀腺功能亢進hypoglycemia低血糖hypothyroidism甲狀腺功能減退infectiveendocarditis感染性心內(nèi)膜炎influenza流感l(wèi)eukemia白血病lobarpneumonia大葉性肺炎lymphadenitis淋巴結(jié)炎lymphoma淋巴瘤malaria瘧疾malnutrition營養(yǎng)不良measles麻疹myeloma骨髓瘤myocardialinfarction心肌梗死m(xù)yocarditis心肌炎nephritis腎炎nephriticsyndrome腎綜合癥obstructivepulmonaryemphysema阻塞性肺氣腫pancreatitis胰腺炎pepticulcer消化性潰瘍peritonitis腹膜炎pleuritis胸膜炎pneumonia肺炎pneumothorax氣胸purpura紫癜allergicpurpura過敏性紫癜thrombocytolyticpurpura血小板減少性紫癜pyelonephritis腎盂腎炎renalfailure腎功能衰竭rheumaticfever風濕病rheumatoidarthritis類風濕性關節(jié)炎scarletfever猩紅熱septicemia敗血癥syphilis梅毒tachycardia心動過速tumour腫瘤typhoid傷寒ulcerativecolitis潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎uppergastrointestinalhemorrhage上消化道血Neurology神經(jīng)科brainabscess腦膿腫cerebralembolism腦栓塞cerebralinfarction腦梗死cerebralthrombosis腦血栓cerebralhemorrhage腦出血concussionofbrain腦震蕩craniocerebralinjury顱腦損傷epilepsy癲癇intracranialtumour顱內(nèi)腫瘤intracranialhematoma顱內(nèi)血腫meningitis腦膜炎migraine偏頭痛neurasthenia神經(jīng)衰弱neurosis神經(jīng)官能癥paranoidpsychosis偏執(zhí)性精神病Parkinson’sdisease帕金森綜合癥psychosis精神病schizophrenia精神分裂癥Surgery外科abdominalexternalhernia腹外疝acutediffuseperitonitis急性彌漫性腹膜炎acutemastitis急性乳腺炎acutepancreatitis急性胰腺炎acuteperforationofgastro-duodenalulcer急性胃十二指腸潰瘍穿孔acutepyelonephritis急性腎盂腎炎analfissure肛裂analfistula肛瘺anesthesia麻醉angioma血管瘤appendicitis闌尾炎bleedingofgastro-duodenalulcer胃十二指腸潰瘍出血bonetumour骨腫瘤breastadenoma乳房腺瘤burn燒傷cancerofbreast乳腺癌carbuncle癰carcinomaofcolon結(jié)腸炎carcinomaofesophagus食管癌carcinomaofgallbladder膽囊癌carcinomaofrectum直腸癌carcinomaofstomach胃癌cholecystitis膽囊炎cervicalspondylosis頸椎病choledochitis膽管炎cholelithiasis膽石癥chondroma軟骨瘤dislocationofjoint關節(jié)脫位erysipelas丹毒fracture骨折furuncle癤hemorrhoid痔hemothorax血胸hypertrophyofprostate前列腺肥大intestinalobstruction腸梗阻intestinaltuberculosis腸結(jié)核lipoma脂肪瘤lithangiuria尿路結(jié)石liverabscess肝膿腫melanoma黑色素瘤osseoustuberculosis骨結(jié)核osteoclastoma骨巨細胞瘤osteoporosis骨質(zhì)疏松癥osteosarcoma骨質(zhì)疏松癥osteosarcoma骨肉瘤Paget’sdisease佩吉特病perianorecrtalabscess肛管直腸周圍膿腫phlegmon蜂窩織炎portalhypertension門靜脈高壓prostatitis前列腺炎protrusionofintervertebraldisc椎間盤突出purulentarthritis化膿性關節(jié)炎pyogenicostcomyclitis化膿性骨髓炎pyothorax膿胸rectalpolyp直腸息肉rheumatoidarthritis類風濕性關節(jié)炎ruptureofspleen脾破裂scapulohumeralperiarthritis肩周炎tenosynovitis腱鞘炎tetanus破傷風thromboangiitis血栓性脈管炎thyroidadenocarcinoma甲狀腺腺癌thyroidadenoma甲狀腺腺瘤trauma創(chuàng)傷urinaryinfection泌尿系感染varicoseveinoflowerlimb下肢靜脈曲張Paediatrics兒科acutemilitarytuberculosisofthelung急性粟粒性肺結(jié)核acutenecroticenteritis急性壞死性結(jié)腸炎anaphylacticpurpura過敏性紫癜ancylostomiasis鉤蟲病ascariasis蛔蟲病asphyxiaofthenewborn新生兒窒息atrialseptaldefect房間隔缺損birthinjury產(chǎn)傷cephalhematoma頭顱血腫cerebralpalsy腦性癱瘓congenitaltorticollis先天性斜頸convulsion驚厥Down’ssyndrome唐氏綜合癥glomerulonephritis腎小球腎炎hemophilia血友病infantilediarrhea嬰兒腹瀉intracranialhemorrhageofthenewborn新生兒顱內(nèi)出血intussusception腸套疊necroticenterocolitisofnewborn新生兒壞死性小腸結(jié)膜炎neonataljaundice新生兒黃疸nutritionalirondeficiencyanemia營養(yǎng)性缺鐵性貧血nutritionalmegaloblasticanemia營養(yǎng)性巨幼細胞性貧血patentductusarteriosis動脈導管未閉poliomyelitis骨髓灰質(zhì)炎prematureinfant早產(chǎn)兒primarytuberculosis原發(fā)性肺結(jié)核progressivemusculardystrophy進行性肌肉營養(yǎng)不良pulmonarystenosis肺動脈狹窄purulentmeningitis化膿性腦膜炎rickets佝僂病sepsisofthenewborn新生兒敗血癥tetanusofthenewborn新生兒破傷風tetralogyofFallot法洛四聯(lián)癥thrush鵝口瘡，真菌性口炎varicella水痘ventricularseptaldefect室間隔缺損viralencephalitis病毒性腦炎viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎GynecologyandObstetrics婦，產(chǎn)科abortion流產(chǎn)adenomyosis子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥amnioticfluidembolism羊水栓塞Bartholin’scyst巴氏腺囊腫carcinomaofcervix子宮頸癌carcinomaofendometrium子宮內(nèi)膜癌carcinomaofovary卵巢癌cervicitis宮頸炎chorio-epithelioma絨毛膜上皮癌corporaluteumcyst黃體囊腫dystocia難產(chǎn)eclampsia子癇edema-proteinuria-hypertensionsyndrome水腫蛋白尿高血壓綜合征（妊娠高血壓綜合征）endometriosis子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥extrauterinepregnancy子宮外孕hydatidiformmole葡萄胎hyperemesisgravidarum妊娠劇吐infertility不育癥irregularmenstruation月經(jīng)失調(diào)lochia惡露monilialvaginitis念珠菌性陰道炎multiplepregnancy多胎妊娠myomaofuterus子宮腫瘤oligohydramnios羊水過少ovariantumour卵巢腫瘤pelvicinflammatorydisease盆腔炎placentaprevia前置胎盤placentalabruption胎盤早期剝離pregnancy-hypertensionsyndrome妊娠高血壓綜合癥prematurebirth早產(chǎn)prematureruptureofmembrane胎膜早破postpartumhemorrhage產(chǎn)后出血puerperalinfection產(chǎn)褥感染ruptureofuterus子宮破裂trichomonasvaginitis滴蟲性陰道炎uteroplacentalapoplexy子宮胎盤卒中vulvitis外陰炎OphthalmologyandOtorhinolaryngology五官科amblyopia弱視amygdalitis,tonsillitis扁桃體炎astigmatism散光carcinomaofnasopharynx鼻咽癌carcinomaoflarynx喉癌cataract白內(nèi)障tinnitus耳鳴chalazion霰粒腫，臉板腺囊腫colourblindness色盲deflectionofnasalseptum鼻中隔偏曲deafness聾furuncleofnasalvestibule鼻前庭癤glaucoma青光眼heterotropia斜視hyperopia遠視injuryofcornea角膜損傷ceruminalimpaction耵聹嵌塞iritis虹膜炎keratitis角膜炎labyrinthitis迷路炎，內(nèi)耳炎laryngitis喉炎mastoiditis乳突炎myopia近視nasalsinusitis鼻竇炎otitismedia中耳炎obstructionoflarynx喉梗阻peritonsillarabscess扁桃體中膿腫pharyngitis咽炎rhinitis鼻炎Dermatoloty皮科acne痤瘡carcinomaofskin皮膚癌bedsore褥瘡decubitusulcer褥瘡性潰瘍drugeruption藥皮疹eczema濕疹herpessimplex單純皰疹herpeszoster帶狀皰疹lupuserythematosis紅斑狼瘡psoriasis牛皮癬urticaria蕁麻疹12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182838485868788899091929394959697989910010110210310410510610710810911011111211311411511611711811912012112212312412512612712812913013113213313413513613713813914014114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