高中英語選修6-3語法

GrammarTheuseof“it”Talkaboutthefollowingpictures,using

Itisnouse/gooddoingsth

做…沒有用/不好Itisfundoingsth

做……很有趣還想跑？甭想！想追我?沒門?、買tisnevertoooldtolearn.

活到老,學到老。②Itiseasiertofallthantorise.

摔倒容易爬起來難。③Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.

覆水難收。④Itneverrainsbutitpours(潑水).

不鳴則已,一鳴驚人。Proverbs(諺語)with“It”⑤Itiseasytoopenashopbuthardtokeepitalwaysopen.

創(chuàng)業(yè)容易守業(yè)難。⑥Ittakesthreegenerations(代)tomakeagentleman.

十年樹木,百年樹人。Readandanalyzethesentences.ItisFridaytoday.ItwasverycoldlastMonday.Itisabout8:30now.Itisabout25kmfromLongxiantoBazi.ItliesinthesouthofShaoguancity.Itis40°C!Yougotahighfever!Conclusion:it可以用作非人稱代詞,表示_____,_____,______,______,______,______等。dateweathertimedistanceplacetemperature

日期天氣時間距離地點溫度Itisobviousthatthewaterwastoblame.Itistruethathewilltreatmetobreakfast

tomorrow.Itiscertainthatourclasswilldoagoodjobinthefinalexam.Isitpossiblethathewillbecomethechairmanofourcountry?ItisamazingthatatmyageIstilllooklikeastudent!分析:it是__________,句子真正的主語是___________________。Readandanalyzethesentences.形式主語that引導的主語從句牢記以下常用于該句型的形容詞Itisclear/obvious/true/possible/certain/amazing/ridiculous等+that從句.思考:為什么要用it做形式主語而把真正主語放到后面去?遵循英語語言的尾重原則,避免句子頭重腳輕。Theuseof“it”一、用作人稱代詞,代表前面提到的人或事物Who’sit?________me.Lookatthepicture._____isapictureofourschool.

It’sIt

二、用于代替指示代詞this和that。---Isthisjacketyours?---Yes,______is.it三、用以表示時間、距離、天氣、氣候、季節(jié)、環(huán)境Itishalfpasteightnow.It’sonlyhalfanhour’swalkfromheretoourschool.3)Ihopethatitwillbefinetomorrow.4)Ithasrainedmuchthisyear.5)It’sspringnow.6)It’squiethere.Time

Distance

Weather

Weather

Season

Circumstance

替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞,而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。四、it用作形式主語1.代作主語的動詞不定式1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth.Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense.此處adj.

通常為描述事件的形容詞:easy,difficult,

hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered（彬彬有禮的、氣質高雅的,）

ill-mannered（沒規(guī)矩的粗魯?shù)模?polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful，dangerous…2)Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.It‘skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.此處adj.

通常為描述人的形容詞:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.It’snogood/usedoing…It’s(well)worthdoing…It’s(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo…It’s(well)worthwhiledoing/todoIt’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.3)It替代作主語的動名詞的常見句型2.it作形式主語替代主語從句Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain…)that...e.g.Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.①Itisadj.+

clause

該句型中it是形式主語,真正的主語是that引導的主語從句,常譯為“清楚(顯然,真的……)”,是主語從句最常見的一種結構。Itissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that...ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.②Itisv-edthat…

該句型中的it仍是形式主語,真正主語是that引導的主語從句;該結構常譯為“據(jù)說(據(jù)報道,據(jù)悉…)”。③Itis+noun+從句

Itisapity(ashame/anhonor/agoodthing/afact/asurprise/...)that...該句型中,that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣(should+動詞原形),should可省去。表示出乎意料,常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時,則不用虛擬語氣。如：Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyour

class.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上,真是遺憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了,真遺憾！五、it作形式賓語

該句型中的it作形式賓語,常用的動詞有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。

Ithinkitnouse

arguingwithhim.我認為和他爭吵沒有用。Ifoundit

veryinteresting

tostudy

English.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學英語非常有趣。Hemadeit

clear

thathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.他非常清楚地表示他對那門學科不感興趣。該句型中的it作形式賓語,常用的動詞有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。六、用于強調句型中It+be+被強調部分+that/who(aperson)從句I

metTom

in

the

parkyesterday.1)Itwas

I

who

metTomintheparkyesterday.2)It

was

Tom

whoImetintheparkyesterday.3)It

was

inthepark

that

ImetTomyesterday.4)It

was

yesterday

thatImetTominthepark.Itwasfiveo’clock_________Igothome.Itwasatfiveo’clock_______Igothome.

whenthatItisnotuntil+被強調部分+that...該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語,譯成漢語“直到……才……”,可以說是not...until...的強調形式。如:

Itwasnotuntilshetook