【快樂背單詞】2021年暑假初升高銜接詞根法速記高中必背單詞

2021年暑假初升高銜接高中必背單詞詞根二

高中必背詞根Ibio=life生命

及同源單詞

1.biology[baiDhd3i]

n.生物學(xué)；生理;

[例句]Thelibraryhasalargebiologysection.這個圖書館有大量的生物學(xué)藏書。

[其他]復(fù)數(shù)：biologies

bio=life生物，-lugy=branchofscience表學(xué)科，研究生物的學(xué)科就是生物學(xué)。

biologist[baiDIndjIst]n.生物學(xué)家;

拆分：bio（生物）+logy（學(xué)科）+ist人

記憶要點：?ist為表示“人”的名詞后綴。

biological[.baiiDd^ikl]

adj.生物學(xué)的；生物的；與生命過程有關(guān)的；力口（生化）酶的;

n.[藥]生物制品；生物制劑；

拆分：bio（生物）+logy（學(xué)科）+cal（構(gòu)成）biologist

記憶要點：-cal構(gòu)成

microbiology[.malkrsubalDhd3i]n.微生物學(xué);

圖述科普：被濫用的抗生素

拆分：micro（微）+bio（生物）+logy（學(xué)科）

?—??森

@"抗前霰"信常則神

記憶要點：-micro微小的

BI—EWM

biotechnologyf,baiautek'nolsd3i]n.生物科技；力二80a.?界』■然

拆分：bio（生物）+technology（科技）抗生素

記憶要點：technology（科技）

3.3研

中國人均砒量美國lowAf中am仟舒好震0例8

2.biotic[baiDtik]

adj.生物的；生命的；

拆分：bio（生物）+tic（形容詞后綴）

記憶要點：-tic形容詞后綴

antibiotic[,aentibal'Dtlk]

n.抗菌素；抗生素（如青霉素）;

adj.抗生素的；抗生的；抗菌的；抗菌作用的；

拆分：anti（反）+bio（生物）+tic（形容詞后綴）

記憶要點：anti反antibioticabuse抗生素濫用

biociden.抗微生物劑；殺蟲（菌）齊小生物殺傷劑;

拆分：bio（生物）+cide（殺）

記憶要點：-cide殺袁隆平1

冏故事

23個.大桂節(jié)點受個?跑?事

3.biography[baiDgr^fi]寫到91歲我熬記空

袁隆平院士的情奇一生.

_________■■iMTfTi

n.傳記；傳記作品；

[例句]Thebiographyshowshiminafavourablelight.

傳記刻畫出了他的正面形象。

bio=life生命，生活；-graphy=write寫，writeaboutone'slife書寫某個人生平的著作就是傳記。

autobiography[（□:tobai'Dgrofi]n.自傳；自傳體寫作;

拆分：auto（自）+bio（生物）+graphy（寫作）

記憶要點：auto=self

biographer[baiDgr9fo（r）]n.傳記作家；

拆分：bio（生物）+graphy（寫作）+er（的人）

3.biochemistry[,baiau'kemistri]

n.生物化學(xué)；生物的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)和特性；

拆分：bio（生物）+chemistry（化學(xué)）

記憶要點：一chemistry化學(xué)一biochemistry生物化學(xué)；chemist化學(xué)家一biochemist生物化學(xué)家

biosphere「baia（u）sfia]n.生物圈

拆分：bio（生物）+sphere（范圍）

記憶要點：一sphere球形,范圍，圍繞大氣層：aerosphere=aero空氣+sphere

amphibian[把m'flbinn]n.兩棲動物；

拆分：amphi（兩種）+bian（生物），過兩種生活的生物，它既能在水里生活也能在陸地上生活。

symbiosis[,simbal'ausis]

n.共生（關(guān)系）；合作關(guān)系；互惠互利的關(guān)系；

講解：sym-=together共同，bi=life生物，-osis=stateofliving表生存狀態(tài)，stateofliveslivingtogether

生物共同生存的狀態(tài)，就是共生。

公課后練習

一、閱讀還原7選5

請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面的七個選項中，選擇五個還原到文中，

使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

LiYaoyouneverthoughthiswritingwouldbecomepopularonline.The14-year-oldatWuhanWuhan

MiddleSchoolwrotebiography（傳記）foreachofhis57classmatesinclassicalChinese1..

Li*sbiographyhasmorethan8,000words.Hewroteeachofclassmates,includingtheirbirthdaysand

personalities.2..Infact,writingabiographywaspartofhisChinesehomeworkforwintervacation.

StudentswereaskedtoreadHistoricalRecords（《史i己》）.Thentheyhadtowriteabiographyforothers.

3..Histeacherthenencouragedhimtowritemore.Itwasabigproject,butLiworkedhardto

completeitsuccessfully.Hedidn'tknoweveryonewell.Sohetalkedwithhisclassmates1friendsand

observedthemcarefully.nOnce,towriteaboutagirlwhoIdidn'tknowwell,Italkedwithherfriendsfora

fewdays,nhesaid,"4.IgottoknowshelikesPikachuandfood!

5..Sometimes,hesearchedonlinetoleamit.Butgradually,hislanguageskillsimproved.nWhenI

wrotethelast10piece,thewordscametomymindnaturally,uhesaid.Also,hetriedtosaysomething

moreabouteachperson'sspecialside.Evenifitisnotagood,shiningpoint,Ikeepit.Iwanttobe

objective/*hesaid.

A.Atthebeginning,Lijustwroteaboutsixclassmatesheknewwell.

B.ExpressinghisideasinclassicalChinesewasnoteasy.

C.Andnowpeopleareadmiringhisgreattalent.

D.Andnowheisfamousasagreatwriter.

E.Theninthgraderseesasagraduationgifttothem.

EAtfirsthedoesnllikeclassicalChineselessons.

G.Myhardworkpaidoff.

二、完型填空

Duringanexperiment,abiologistputasharkintoalargetankandthenputseveralsmallfishintoit,

too.

Asyouwould6thesharkquicklyswamaroundthetank（容器）.Whenitfoundthesmaller

fish,it7begantoattackandeatthem.Thebiologistthenplacedastrongpieceof8glass

intothetank,creatingtwoseparateparts.Shethenputthesharkinonepartofthetankandanewgroupof

fishin9.

Again,thesharkquicklyattacked.Thistime,however,thesharkknockedinto10glass

dividerandbouncedoff（彈回）.Thesharkkeptrepeatingthisbehavioreveryfewminutesbutit11.

Meanwhile,thesmallfishswamaround12intheotherpart.Aboutanhourlater,theshark13

up.Thisexperimentwasrepeatedseveral14overthenextfewweeks.Eachtime,thesharkgotless

aggressive（攻擊性）anddidn'twantto15attackingthesmallfish,untilthesharkgot16

ofhittingtheglassdividerandsimplystoppedattacking.

Thebiologistthenremovedtheglassdivider,17thesharkdidn'tattack.Thesharkwas

trainedtobelievetherewasabarrier（障礙）betweenitselfandthesmallfish,sothefishswamwherever

theywished,without18.

Infact,manyofus,afterexperiencingsetbacksandfailures,emotionallygiveupandstoptrying.Like

the19inthestory,webelievethatbecausewewereunsuccessfulinthepast,wewillalwaysbe

unsuccessful.Inotherwords,wecontinuetoseeabarrierinourheads,evenwhenthereisno"real"barrier

20whereweareandwherewewanttogo.

6.A.worryB.fearC.expectD.remember

7.A.heavilyB.quicklyC.carefullyD.busily

8.A.dirtyB.darkC.lightD.clear

9.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others

10.A.aB.,anC.theD.（不填）

11.A.wantedB.failedC.leftD.hit

12.A.happilyB.quietlyC.safelyD.politely

13.A.tookB.gaveC.putD.cut

14.A.minutesB.monthsC.groupsD.times

15.A.allowB.stopC.forgetD.try

16.A.tiredB.excitedC.usedD.surprised

17.A.andB.soC.orD.but

18.A.deathB.dangerC.interestD.hope

19.A.sharkB.fishC.glassD.tank

20.A.amongB.fromC.throughD.between

三、閱讀單選

A

Doyouknowaboutbio-plastic（生物塑料）?Itisakindofplastic,butitisnotthesameas

normalplastic.Normalplasticismadefromchemicalmaterialsandtakesaverylongtimetodegrade（降

解）.Butbio-plasticisgoodfortheenvironment,itismadebyusingbacteria（細菌）toprocess（力口工）

naturalsourceslikevegetableoils,cornorsugar.Itcandegrademoreeasily.

Butthereisaproblemwithbio-plastic.The“foodThatbacteriaeatiswhatweeat.Thismeansthat

bacteriaarecompetingagainsthumansforthesameresources.

Nowscientistshavefoundanewwaytomakebio-plastic—usingtwokindsofbacteriaandsunlight.

AccordingtoNewsweek.

Oneofthebacteriacanusesunlighttoproducesugar.Theotherlandeatsthesugarandproduces

polymers（聚合物）.Polymersareusedtocreatebio-plastics.Thewaythebacteriastorepolymersissimilar

ashumansstorefats.

Thenewwaytoproducebio-plastichasmanyadvantages.Itis20timesfasterthanthenormalwaywe

producebio-plastic.Moreover,usingthesetwobacteriasavesresources.

Thenextproblemscientistsfaceisthattheywanttoputtheirtabresearchintoreal-worldpractice.By

doingthis,bio-plasticmadewiththesetwobacteriacanbewidelyproducedinthefuture.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whichisTRUEaboutbio-plastic?

A.Itisbadfortheenvironment.

B.It*smadefromchemicalmaterials.

C.Itisanewkindofbacteria.

D.Itcandegrademoreeasily.

22.Whatdoesthephrase,'Thefood1'underlinedreferto?

A.Normalplastic.B.Normalbacteria.C.Saltywaters.D.Naturalsources.

23.Fromthepassage,whichisthecorrectordertomakebio-plastic?

a.eatingthesugar

b.creatingbio-plastics

c.producingpolymers

d.usingsunlighttoproducesugar

A.a-d-c-bB.a-d-b-cC.d-a-c-bD.d-c-a-b

24.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Anewkindofplastic.B?Anewwaytoproducebio-plastic.

C.AwaytostorefatsD.Awaytoproducetwokindsofbacteria.

Tinyplantsandanimalsliveallaroundus.Wecannotseethembecausetheyaresosmall,buttheyare

everywhere.

Theyliveinthesoil,theair,andinriversandoceans.Theygrowonmountainsandincaves.Somelivein

theiceatthenorthandsouthpoles;somelivewhereitisveryhot.Theyarefoundthroughoutcitiesandin

thecountry.Theygrowonotherplantsandanimals.Someareevenlivingonyou,onyourskin,hair,and

insideyourbody,inyourmouth,nose,andallthroughyourintestines（腸）.

Thesetinyplantsandanimalsarecalledmicrobes.Thewordmicrobeismadefromtwootherwords:micro,

meaningsmall,andbios,meaninglife.So,microbemeanssmalllife.

Microbeshavebeenonearthforaverylongtime.Theymayhavebeenthefirstformsoflifetobealive.

Todaytherearemoremicrobesintheworldthanallotherlivingthings.

Peopledidnotknowmicrobeshadexisted（存在）long.Theyweretoosmallfbrthemtosee.

Butpeopledidseemanychangesintheirworld-importantchanges.Andtheydidnotknowwhatcaused

them.Theysawfoodthattheykepttoolongchangecolorandbegintosmellbad.Theysawcutsand

woundsgrowredandpainfulandbecomeinfected.Theysawoldplantsandleavesandtreescrumble

apartontheforestflooranddisappearintothesoil.Suchchangeswereanaturalpartoftheworld,but

peopledidnotunderstandthem.Theydidnotknowthesechangeswereevidence（證據(jù)）oftinyplantsand

animalsgrowingallaroundthem.

25.Wheredomicrobeslive?

A.Onlyintheforest.,B.Almosteverywhere.

C.Mostinveryhotareas.,D.Mostinriversandoceans.

26.Theunderlinedphrase“crumbleapart“inthelastparagraphmeans"

A.開花結(jié)果，B.化為春泥,C.破裂腐爛,D.芳香四溢

27.Accordingtothepassage,whichisthemostsuitabletocompletethewebbelow?

A.Microbesareverysmall,B.Microbesareallaroundus

C.Peoplecan'tseemicrobes,D.Foodbeginstosmellbad

28.Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe

A.Thesmallestlifearoundus,B,Theorigin（起源）ofmicrobes

C.Theplaceofmicrobesgrowing,D.Theevidenceofmicrobesgrowing

C

牒'on

B.AntibioticCream

Dn_Leaty,

燈s?a%in

Stopeyesoroverlarge

Uses:creamtotreatpainrifyouhaveserious

畿噂嚕*~VW:adoctorify0?

°neweekorifthepa”

andinfection（感染）fromtemperature.

Oniy^use：.........-............................……,older，

P：；anandchildrenaged2°r

smallcutsandbumsone$

a曾orburn.°t。th”e€

［，ay.eamonthecutorburnupt。

skin.

pregnant,askadoctorbef"6

29.Ifyouhavecutyourfingers,whatmedicineshouldyouuse?

A.PainkillerB.AntibioticCreamC.NoneoftheaboveD.Bothofthemarefine

30.Johnnyisa9-year-oldboy,andhehadacold.Howshouldhetakeamedicine?

A.Takethe1tabletofthePainkillerevery4or6hours.

B.UsetheAntibioticCreamthreetimesaday.

C.Take2tabletsofthePainkillereachtime.

D.Askadoctorforadvice.

31.WhenusingtheAntibioticCream,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Itshouldbekeptbelowtheroomtemperature.

B.AllchildrencanusetheAntibioticCream.

C.Pregnantwomencanuseitwithoutadoctor'sadvice.

D.StoptheAntibioticCreamfromgoingintoyoureyesoryourmouthwhenusingit.

32.Asa15-year-oldteenager,whichofthefollowingiscorrectwhenusingthemedicine?

A.Youcantakemorethan5tabletsofPainkillereachday.

B.Askadoctorforadvicebeforeusingthetwomedicinesabove.

C.YoucanusetheAntibioticCreamonyourskin.

D.Youcantake3tabletsofPainkilleratonetime.

33.Howmanysymptoms（癥狀）canthepainkillertreat?

A.1B.2C.3D.4

四、填寫適當?shù)木渥友a全對話

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下面的句子，每空一詞。（每小題2分，共10分）

Doyoulikecoke?Doyouknowwecancookchickenwithit?Anddoesithaveanythingtodowith

ourmobilephones?Thelatestcellphone,the“CokePhone^^,bytheChinesedesignerDaiziZhengisa

surprise.

DaiziZhengisafamousdesignerinEngland.TheNokiacompanyaskedhertodesignaphonethatisnot

badfortheenvironment.Asaresultofherresearch,shefoundthatnormalphonebatteriesareexpensive

andbadfortheenvironment.Italsousesmanygoodresources（資源）tomakeanormalbattery.Soshe

wantedtodesignabatterythatisgreen.ThenaNokiacellphonethatdrinkscokewasborn.

Thecellphonehasabio-battery（生物電池）.Itgetspowerfromsugar.Sousersonlyneedtopouraglassof

cokeintoit,andthenwatchthecoketurnintopower.Oncethebatterydies,onlyoxygenandwaterareleft.

Bio-batteriescanlastthreetofourtimeslongerthantheusualbatteries.Infact,Zhengsaidthatnotonly

cokebutalsosoda（蘇打）withsugarcanbegoodresourcestopowerthecellphone.

Ifso,youmayneverlookatacanofcokeinthesamewayagain.

34.The“CokePhone^^isthecellphonethatisdesignedaChinesegirl.

【小題1]Thenormalphonebatteriesareanddototheenvironment.

35.TheChinesegirldesignedabio-batterytotheofanormalphonebattery.

36.Cokeandsodawithsugarcanthe"CokePhone^^power.

37.Fromthepassage,weknowcokehasusebesidesbeingusedtoandadrink.

參考答案

1.C2.E3.A4.G5.B

【分析】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了LiYaoyou和他的傳記.他通過自己不斷地努力和來自同

學(xué)和老師鼓勵不斷成長的事。

1.句子選擇題。根據(jù)文章The14-year-oldatWuhanWuhanMiddleSchoolwrotebiography（傳記）for

eachofhis57classmatesinclassicalChinese可知，14歲的中學(xué)生用古文給每個同學(xué)寫了人物傳記，

所以人們都很欽佩他。故選C。

2.句子選擇題。根據(jù)文章Hewroteeachofclassmates,includingtheirbirthdaysandpersonalities.可知,

他寫了同學(xué)的生日和性格等內(nèi)容，所以這里是同學(xué)們的心情，把它作為畢業(yè)禮物。故選E。

3.句子選擇題。根據(jù)文章Histeacherthenencouragedhimtowritemore.可知，老師鼓勵他多寫一點、,

所以是剛開始時他只介紹了6個同學(xué)。故選A。

4.句子選擇題。根據(jù)文章IgottoknowshelikesP汰achuandfood!可知，他了解了女孩的喜好，所

以是努力了解女孩的過程有了效果。故選G。

5.句子選擇題。根據(jù)文章Sometimes,hesearchedonlinetolearnit.Butgradually,hislanguageskills

improved.可知，他通過電腦逐漸提高了自己的古文表達水平，所以是剛開始他用古文表達不容易。

故選B?

6.C7.B8.D9.C10.C11.B12.C13.B14.D15.D16.A

17.D18.B19.A20.D

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位生物學(xué)家把鯊魚放在一個容器里，并為它設(shè)置了障礙，在

屢次受阻后，鯊魚放棄了嘗試。雖然之后障礙物被拿掉，但鯊魚已經(jīng)形成了定式思維，一個無形的

障礙已經(jīng)深藏于它的腦海中。這個故事告訴我們，在經(jīng)歷挫折和失敗后，一定不要選擇放棄，因為

那些阻礙你成功和進步的東西很可能會被你的堅持所克服掉。

6.考查動詞詞義辨析。worry擔心；fear害怕：expect期望；remember記得。把鯊魚和小魚放在一

起，結(jié)果正如大家所預(yù)料的那樣。故選C。

7.考查副詞詞義辨析。heavily重地;quickly迅速地；carefully仔細地；busily忙碌地。根據(jù)常識可

知，鯊魚看到獵物肯定是迅速去捕食，故選B。

8.考查形容詞同義辨析。dirty臟的；dark黑暗的；light輕的；clear清晰的。根據(jù)常識可知玻璃是

透明的，而且鯊魚沒有看到直接撞了上去，說明玻璃很干凈。故選D。

9.考查代詞詞義辨析。another三者或三者以上中的另一個；。ther另外一個（兩個人或事物中的第

二個）；theother兩者中的另一個；others其他的人或物。生物學(xué)家把這個容器分成了兩部分，所以

應(yīng)該是兩者中的另一個。故選C。

10.考查冠詞的用法。根據(jù)前文生物學(xué)家在容器里放了一塊干凈的玻璃可知，此處表示特指，應(yīng)用

定冠詞the。故選C。

11.考查動詞詞義辨析。wanted想要;failed失敗;left離開;hit打。根據(jù)語境以及最后一段中的“setbacks

andfailures”可知選Bo

12.考查副詞詞義辨析。happily愉快地；quietly安靜地；safely安全地;politely禮貌地。鯊魚不能

來捕食它們了，所以它們肯定是很安全地在游行。故選C。

13.考查動詞詞義辨析。took帶走;gave給;put放；cut切割。根據(jù)最后一段的“emotionallygiveup”

可知選B。

14.考查名詞詞義辨析。minutes分鐘；months月；groups組；times次數(shù)。根據(jù)常理可知應(yīng)該是嘗

試了幾次然后放棄了。故選D。

15.考查動詞詞義辨析。allow允許;stop停止;forget忘記；try嘗試。根據(jù)最后一段的“stoptrying”

可知選Do

16.考查形容詞詞義辨析。tired疲憊的，厭倦的；excited激動的；used用過的；surprised驚訝的。

gelliredof對...厭倦，為固定搭配。故選A。

17.考查連詞詞義辨析。and和；so因此；or或者，否則；but但是。根據(jù)語境可知，雖然生物學(xué)家

去掉了玻璃擋板，但是鯊魚依然不攻擊了。故選D。

18.考查名詞詞義辨析。death死亡；danger危險；interest興趣；hope希望。鯊魚不能來捕食它們

了，所以它們的處境是安全的，也就是沒有危險。故選B。

19.考查名詞詞義辨析。shark鯊魚；fish魚；glass玻璃；lank容器。根據(jù)后文的描述，可知作者把

人們比作實驗中的鯊魚。故選A。

20.考查介詞詞義辨析。among在三者及三者以上之間；from從，來自；through穿過；between在

兩者之間。between…and…在...和...兩者之間。故選D。

21.D22.D23.C24.B

【分析】短文大意：本文是科普類閱讀，介紹了新型生物塑料的優(yōu)點、作用及制作方法。

21.題意：根據(jù)文章，關(guān)于生物塑料，哪個是正確的？考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)“Itcandegrademoreeasily

它更容易降解”可知，Itcandegrademoreeasily說法正確，故選Do

22.題意:劃線部分的“Thefbod”是指什么？考查詞義理解。Normalplastic正常的塑料;Normalbacteria

正常的細菌；Saltywaters咸水；Naturalresources天然資源。根據(jù)"The"food"thatbacteriaeatiswhatwe

eat.Thismeansthatbacteriaarecompetingagainsthumansfbrthesameresources細菌吃的食物就是我們

吃的東西。這意味著細菌正在與人類爭奪同樣的資源“，可知Naturalresources符合題意，故選D。

23.題意：在這一段中，哪一個是制造生物塑料的正確順序？考查細節(jié)排序。a.吃糖；b.制造生物

塑料；c.生產(chǎn)聚合物；d.利用陽光生產(chǎn)糖。根據(jù)第四自然段：先是一種細菌利用陽光產(chǎn)生糖，然后

然后另一塊地吃糖，產(chǎn)生聚合物；最后聚合物被用來制造生物塑料，可知d-a-c-b順序正確，故選C。

24.題意：這篇文章的主旨是什么？考查主旨理解。根據(jù)主題句“Nowscientistshavefbundanewway

tomakebio-plastic-usingtwokindsofbacteriaandsunlight科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種制造生物塑料的新方

法”,結(jié)合短文內(nèi)容，可知介紹的是新型生物塑料的優(yōu)點、作用及制作方法，Anewwaytoproduce

bio-plastic（一種生產(chǎn)生物塑料的新方法）符合題意，故選B。

25.B26.C27.D28.A

【分析】文章介紹了我們周圍的微生物，它們很小，我們看不見，但是它們無處不在。

25.根據(jù)Tinyplantsandanimalsliveallaroundus.Wecannotseethembecausetheyaresosmall,butthey

areeverywhere.可知微生物在每一個地方；故選B

26.根據(jù)Theysawoldplantsandleavesandtreescrumbleapartontheforestflooranddisa