3U英語(yǔ)-常規(guī)話題

3U英語(yǔ)-常規(guī)話題1#自我介紹模板：Mynameis…(I’m…)Iamfrom…,which…NowIamworkingfor…as…(NowIamstudyingin…,themajoris…)Myhometownisin…Myhobbyis…Verygladtomeetyouallhere.Hopethatwecanmakefriends.Thankyou.關(guān)鍵詞：namefromworkuniversitymajorcompanyhometownhobbyfriends2#公司、產(chǎn)品、老板（大學(xué)、專業(yè)）介紹關(guān)鍵詞：companylocateinvestmainproductexportdomesticbossforeignerfactoryplanttechnologyuniversityfamousmajorprofessorworld3#家鄉(xiāng)介紹關(guān)鍵詞：hometowncountyprovincenorthsouthwesteasttrainbuscapital(historicresort)(scenicspots)famousvisitfuturegenuinewelcomeenjoy4#春節(jié)模板：ThemostimportantChineseholidayisChineseNewYear,whichisknowninChinaasSpringFestival.ThefestivalushersinthelunarNewYearandistheWest’sChristmasandNewYear’sEverolledintoone.Fromsunuptosundown,thisisatimewhenthewholecountrythrowsitselfintocelebratingandeating.（1）Nooneisquitesureexactlywhenorwherethefestivaloriginated.Legendhasitthatonceuponatime,therewasamonstercalledNianthatattackedChinesevillageseveryspring,eatinganythingthatcameitsway–people,animals,plantsandtheoddbuilding.Onespring,villagershungredpaperontheirdoorsandthrewbambooonafirewhenNianarrived.Themonsterwassostartledbythebrightcolorsandloudcracklingnoiseoftheburningbamboothatitturnedandfled.Todaytheword“Nian”istheChinesewordforyear.（2）Sincethatday,ChinesepeoplehangredpapersignsandlanternsoutsidetheirhomesandenjoymakingloudnoisesonNewYear’sEve.Firecrackersreplacedbambooaftergunpowderwasinventedandthemainideatodayisthelouderandbigger,thebetter.（3）InthedaysleadinguptotheSpringFestival,everyhouseholdgetsathoroughcleaning.SincesweepingonNewYear’sDayitmightsweepawaytheyear’sgoodfortune.Breakingdishesorusingsharpobjectsisalsoseenaspotentiallyunlucky.（4）Theholidayisatimeforfamilycelebrationandnearlyeveryuniversitystudentormigrantworkerheadshome.It’llseemlikethewholecountryisgoingsomewhereatthistime,whetherontheirwayhomeortakingadvantageofthelongholidaytodosometraveling.（5）OnNewYear’sEve,oncethefamilyhasbeengathered,foodbecomesacentralconsideration.LargenumbersofdelicaciesarepreparedandfishisofteneatenastheChinesewordforfishisahomophoneforsurplus.（6）Childrenparticularlyenjoythecustomofreceivingredenvelopes.Theenvelopscontaingiftsofmoneyandaredistributedbyfamilyelderstoyoungunmarriedrelatives.（7）關(guān)鍵詞：(SpringFestival)lunaroriginatelegendlanternfirecrackerinventfortunecelebration(takeadvantageof)gatherdelicacysurpluscustom(redenvelop)containdistributerelative5#端午節(jié)（DragonBoatFestival）模板：QuYuanwasbornabouttwothousandyearsagoinChina.Helovedhiscountryverymuch.Hisjobwastogiveadvicetotheking.Thekingalwaystookhisadvice.However,thekingdiedandthenewkingdidnotlistentohim.（1）Later,thenewkinglostabattlebecausehedidnottakeQuYuan’sadvice.Thecountrywasindanger.QuYuanwasverysad.Hejumpedintoariveranddied.Itwasthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonthofthatyear.（2）Today,peopleeatricedumplingsandhavedragonboatracestorememberhimonthatdayeveryyear.（3）關(guān)鍵詞：(QuYuan)advicelostbattle(indanger)sadjumplunar(ricedumpling)(dragonboatrace)6#中秋節(jié)(Mid-AutumnFestival)TheMid-autumnFestival,whichisoneimportantfestivalinChina,fallsonAugust15thofthelunarcalendareveryyear.ItiscelebratedbothinChinaandmanyAsiancountries.Peoplebelievethatafullmoonisthesymbolofreunionandgoodluck.Itisalsoacustomtoexpressbestwishestotheirbelovedonesatthisparticulartime.Onthatdaytheyusuallygobackhometohaveafamilyget-together,andtheyappreciatethebeautifulfullmoon,enjoyingthetypicalfood—mooncake.AllChinesehaveawonderfultimeatthefestival.關(guān)鍵詞：(Mid-autumnFestival)lunarcalendarcelebrateAsian(fullmoon)symbolreunioncustomget-togetherappreciatetypical(mooncake)(haveawonderfultime)7#北京模板：簡(jiǎn)易版：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.ItisnorthofShanghai.Youcanfindmuseums,palacesandparksthere.Manytouristslikevisitingthoseplaces.TheyalwaysvisittheGreatWall.Therearemorethan21millionpeopleinBeijing.Theyenjoyeatingdumplings.(簡(jiǎn)易版1)ThepoliticalandculturalheartofChina,Beijinghasarichhistorythat’smirroredinitsspectacularpalaces,templesandparks.However,itdoesn’tmeanthatit’sshackledtothepast.Quitethecontrary,Beijingisavibrantinternationalcapitalthat’smovingtowardthefutureathyper-speed.Thankstoitsroaringeconomy,skyscraperscrowdtheskyline,carsjamtheroadsandresidentsflocktospendatafreneticpace.（1）Beijingisacityofcontrasts,vastneon-litavenuescoexistwithnarrowhutongs(alleys)andfuturisticstructuresoftitaniumandglasscasttheirshadowoverancientpalaces.Friendlyandhardworking,thecity’spopulationofabout20millionisalsodiverse.Wizenedmenwithpetsongbirdssharethestreetswithlaptop-totingexecutivesandforeigninvestorswithmigrantsfromthecountryside.Alongwithitspeople,historicalsightsandvibrancy,Beijing’sdrawingcardsincludeitsmouth-wateringcuisine,fabulousshoppingandthrivingnightlife.Inshort,athrillingandunforgettableexperienceawaitsvisitorsinBeijing.（2）關(guān)鍵詞：politicalculturalhistoryinternationalcapitaleconomyancientmigrantvisitorHeritage:ForbiddenCity,TempleofHeaven,SummerPalace,GreatWall,MingTombs,PekingManSiteatZhoukoudian8#長(zhǎng)城模板：TheGreatWallsnakesitswayacrossnorthernChina,fromtheYellowRiverandpasttheGobiDesert,forsome3,700miles(6,000km).Whileit’snotvisiblefromthemoonashasbeenclaimed,it’sstillaremarkablepieceofengineeringandisthemostfamoussymbolofChina.（1）ThegenesisoftheGreatWalldatestotheWarringStatesperiodfrom475to221BC,whenChinesefeudalkingdomsbuiltearthenrampartstodefendagainstnomadicinvaders.（2部分）ThesectionsoftheGreatWallnearBeijingwererenovatedduringtheMingdynasty,whoseleadersspentacenturystrengtheningandextendingtheWalltotheYellowRiver.（3部分）Despitesuchdefensivefeatures,theGreatWallfailedinitspurposeofkeepingoutinvaders.（4部分）TherearethreemajorsectionsoftheGreatWallopentotouristsnearBeijing.（5部分）關(guān)鍵詞：(theGreatWall)(northernChina)(YellowRiver)visibleremarkableengineeringfamoussymbolinvaderextenddespitepurposemajorsection9#兵馬俑模板：TheTerracottaWarriorsIn221BC,forthefirsttimeinitshistory,Chinawasunitedunderoneemperor,QinShihuangoftheQindynasty.TheQinemperor’sinfluencefaroutlivedhisshortdynasty.Hismostimportantachievementwasunifyingthevariouswarringkingdomsandintegratingstandardizedwriting,money,weightandmeasuresintoonecentralizedbureaucracy.Likemanyautocrats,QinShihuanghadanearlystartonhisownmausoleum;constructionbeganwhenhewasonly14andcontinuedfor36years.（1）Theemperor’stombcomplexisamassivememorialtoamanthathistoryremembersasbothbrilliantandbrutal.Manypartsofhisrichtombremainunexploredbecausecurrentarcheologicaltechnologyisn’tadvancedenoughtopreservethepricelessartifactsheldwithin.（2）ThetombcomplexoftheQinemperor,at21.7squaremiles,isbestdescribedasanundergroundpalacewithstablesandaninnerandoutercity.TodayQinShihuang’sunopenedvault,0.9milesfromtheTerracottaWarriors,stillguardsitssecrets.TheTerracottaWarriorsformonlyapartoftheQinemperor’stombcomplex.Inavaultofapproximately3acres,lyingsome16feetunderground,stoodsome8,000terracottainfantrysoldiers,archers,cavalrymenandchariotsarrangedinbattleformation,readytodefendtheiremperor’simmortalsoul.Threepitscontainingwarriorsareopen;anearbyfourthpitwasfoundempty.Pit1isthelargestandcontainsabout6.000warriorswithwarchariotsandhorses.ThewarriorsinPit2aremostlyhiddenandexcavationcontinuedwithmostoftheareaclosedoff.Thethirdpitisthecommandcenterfortheghostlyarmy,with68statuesofofficersaroundawarchariot.There’sadisplayhallwithtwobronzechariotsunearthednearthebaseoftheemperor’stomb.OutsidethegatesoftheTerracottaWarriors,present-daymarketwarriorswillgiveashrillbattlecryasyouapproach.（每段第一句）關(guān)鍵詞：(TheTerracottaWarriors)uniteemperordynastyachievementunifystandardizedtombunexploreddescribeundergroundpalaceguarddisplayhallbattle10#中醫(yī)(TraditionalChineseMedicine)模板：TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)hasdevelopedoverthousandsofyearsofpracticalexperienceandobservation.UnlikeWesternmedicine,whichaimsatcuringaspecificillness,TCMaimsathealingthebodyasawhole.Recordsonmedicalstudiesdatebackover2,000yearstotheSpringandAutumnperiodandtheWarringStatesperiod.DuringtheHandynastytherewerefurtheradvancesinmedicalstudiesandduringtheThreeKingdomsperiod,HuaTuo,afamousdoctor,madesomeofthemostsignificantcontributionstothefield.（1）Throughcarefulobservationandstudies,HuaTuowasabletodiscovermanymedicalherbs,evencreatingananestheticmixturethat,accordingtorecords,allowedhimtoperformsurgeriessuchasappendicitis.Hemadeuseofacupuncturepoints(inordertobalancethebody’sinnerqi.)Hewasalsoanearlyproponentofanactivelifestyle,prescribingmoderateexerciseasawaytostayhealthy.（2）LiShizhenoftheMingdynastywrotetheCompendiumofMateriaMedica,whichdescribestheusesforthousandsofherbs.ThisbookbecameamajorinfluenceinTCMbyexplainingthefunctionandnatureofeachherbandtheirinteractionwitheachother.（3）TCMdoctorsexaminepatientsnotbyexaminingthesymptomsofillnesses,butbyexaminingthebodyasacompletesystem.Diagnosesaremadebasedonthepatientspulse,voiceandmentalstateasmuchasoncomplaintsofphysicaldiscomfort.（4）關(guān)鍵詞：(TraditionalChineseMedicine)curespecificheal(asawhole)(HuaTuo)observationherb(stayhealthy)majorinfluencefunctionnatureinteractionsymptomdiagnose(basedon)pulsevoice(mentalstate)(physicaldiscomfort)11#絲綢之路模板：SilkwasfirstcultivatedinChinaaround2600BC,butitwouldtaketwoandahalfmillenniaforittospreadwest.TheRomansfirstencounteredthematerialwhilebattlingtheParthianin53BCandweretolditcamefromamysterioustribeintheeast.Romanagentsweredispatched,commoditiesbarteredandthe“SilkRoad”established.（1）TheChinesehadknownabouttraderoutesgoingwestacrosstheTaklamakanDesertforcenturies.However,theseroutesonlybecameimportantwhenEmperorWudioftheHandynastyformedallianceswithwesterntribesagainstthenorthernnomads,China’soldenemy.（2）In138BC,ZhangQian,acourtofficial,wassentwesttonegotiatewiththeYuezhitribe.TradequicklygrewfromthesediplomaticmissionsandtheSilkRoadwasestablished.However,moreimportantthantheexchangingofgoodswastheexchangingofideas.ItwasduringtheTangdynastywhentheSilkRoadreacheditsapex;themonkXuanZangmadehisepicjourneytoIndiainsearchofBuddhistscriptures;Chang’an,thecosmopolitancapital,hadover5,000foreigntradersandeachyeartonsofsilkandspicespassedthroughthecitygates.The19thcenturysawarevivedinterestintheancientSilkRoadanditwasatthistimewhenthenamewasfirstcoined.（每段第一句）關(guān)鍵詞：(SilkRoad)spreadencountermysteriousdispatchcommodityestablishtradecenturyalliancetribeofficialnegotiatemissiondiplomaticexchangejourneysearchcapitalancient12#孔子模板：Confucius,wholivedfrom551to479BC,wasalsoknownasMasterKongorKongzi.Borninthelate-Zhoudynasty,hissocialphilosophyhasremainedcentraltoChineseandAsianthinkingforover2,500years.ParentsstillteachchildrenConfucianvirtuesandtheFiveConfucianClassicsremainamongthemostwidelyreadbooksintheworld.（1）TheendoftheZhoudynastywasaperiodofconstantsmall-scalewarfarebetweenrivallandlordsandthesedisputesleftmuchofthepopulationinpoverty.Tothosewholivedinthistimeofchaos,publicmoralsseemedindeclineandgrimprophetswarnedthatthecountrywouldsoonfallintototalanarchy.（2）Enteronemild-manneredmanfromthestateofLu,presentdayShangdong,whoseideashadaclarityandsimplicitythatwouldcementChinesemoralityforovertwomillennia.（3）Inordertopreserveharmony,thesocialhierarchy,hesaid,shouldberespected:fathershouldlovesonsandsonsshouldrespectfathers,thepeopleshouldlistentotheirleadersandtheleadersshouldactbenevolently.Thebestgovernmentwouldrulebyexampleofvirtue,notbystrictlawandretributivepunishment.（4）Thentherewerethreekindsofbehavior:Li,Yi,andRen.Liwastheessentialdesireforprofitoradvantageandwasusually,butnotexclusively,bad.Yiwas“righteousness,”andencouragedhelpingothersandactingforthegreatergood.Renwasthebestqualitytostrivefor–love,charityandsympathy.（5）Hewasinhisthirtieswhenhebegantolectureontheseideas.Priortothat,feudalofficialshadmonopolizededucationandschoolinghadbeenconfinedtothechildrenofnobles.Confucius,however,tookinstudentsfromvarioussocialclassesandpersonallytaughtmorethan3,000youngmen.Hebelievedthatteachingshouldbetailoredtotheindividualstudentandwouldoftengivedifferingrepliestothesamequestion–studentswereinstructedto“carpediem”iftheywereshyandmullthingsoveriftooheadstrong.（6）Confuciusheldgovernmentpostsforsomeyears,buttheturmoiloftheperiodandtheconstantsquabblingforpowerfrustratedhim.Laterinlife,hetraveledextensivelyandreturnedhomeonlyafewyearsbeforehisdeath.HisdisciplescolletedhisphilosophyintotheAnalects,eachsectionofthebookbeginswith“KongziYue”(MasterKongsaid),knownintheWestas“Confuciussays.”（7）Yearsafterhisdeath,lateremperorscametohighlyrevereTheAnalects.Confucianteachingsprovidedthebasisforthecivilserviceexaminations,thousandsoftempleswerebuiltandtheConfucianritualswerepracticedasareligion.TheConfuciusTempleinQufusurvivestodayandislistedbyUNESCOasoneofthemostimportantculturalandhistoricalsitesintheworld.（8）關(guān)鍵詞：(Confucius,China’smostinfluentialphilosopher.)masterthinkingmoralclaritysimplicityharmonyrespectrulevirtuelawbehaviorcharitysympathylectureinstructreligionlistculturalhistorical13#大熊貓模板：ThegiantpandaisanendangeredanimalfoundonlyinwesternChina.Becauseofhumanencroachment,thepanda’shabitatisnowreducedtosixisolatedpatches,mainlyinSichuan.Pandasarerelatedtobears,thoughtheyaresignificantlydifferentinmanyways.（1）Bambooisthemainsourceoffoodforpandasandtheyspendatleast12hoursadayeating.Theyhaveto–bambooisapoorsourceofnutritionforpandas,sotheyeatasmuchas40pounds(18kgs)ofitaday.Onereasonthehabitatrangeofthepandaislimitedisbecausetheyonlyeatspecificspeciesofbamboofoundwithintheirhomerange,andtheareasarebecomingprogressivelysmaller.（2）Thelifespanofpandasinthewildisunknown,butpandasincaptivitylive14to20years.Thefemalepandabeginstobreedwhenit’saroundsixorsevenyearsoldandusuallydeliversonlyoneortwocubs.Theaverageweightofanewbornpandaisonly3.5ounces(100g)comparedtothe330pounds(150kgs)ofitsmother.Thenewborncubiscompletelyhelpless;ithasnofurandcan’topenitseyesandwillbecompletelydependentonitsmotherforthenextfewmonths.（3）Todaythenumberofpandasinthewildisuncertain,butestimatesputthenumberatnomorethanathousand.TheChinesegovernmenthasenactedlawsandfundedconservationeffortstoprotectthepandas.Breedingcentersandresearchstationshavebeensetupandstudiescontinuetoexplorewaystoprotectthespecies.In1961,theWorldWildlifeFundadoptedthepandaasitsemblemtohighlighttheissuesofworldwildlifeconservation.（4）關(guān)鍵詞：(TheGiantPanda)endangeredmainlybearbamboosourcenutritionrangebreedaveragecomparenewborncubdependentwilduncertainestimatefundprotectbreedingadoptconservation14#一帶一路模板：Chinalaunchedthehighlyambitious"BeltandRoadInitiative"inlate2013,aimingtobuildatradeandinfrastructurenetworkconnectingAsiawiththeMiddleEast,Europe,Africaandbeyond.（1）Theinitiative,proposedbyChinesePresidentXiJinping,isintendedtoreinvigoratetheancienttraderoutesthatoncelinkedeastandwest.（2）ButwhathasthejointestablishmentoftheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoadaccomplishedinitsfirstthreeyears?Andinwhatareashasithadanimpactontheglobaleconomy?（3）Morethan100countriesandinternationalorganizationshavealreadyparticipatedinthe"BeltandRoadInitiative."（4）Chinahassignedagreementswithmorethan30countriesalongtheroutes,whileover20nationshaveteamedupwithChinaintermsofindustrialcooperation.Andmorethan160,000localjobshavesofarbeencreatedthankstotheinitiative.（5）關(guān)鍵詞：(beltandroad)ambitiousinfrastructurenetworkproposeintendancientroutejointaccomplishimpactpresidentparticipatesignagreementcooperationcreatelocal15#各個(gè)城市、旅游景點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)北京—theCulturalSoulofChina 哈爾濱—Harbin’sFrozenBeauty長(zhǎng)白山—Nature’sHeavenlyLake 大連—JeweloftheNortheast承德—theEmperor’sSummerGetaway 北戴河山海關(guān)—Sun,SandandtheGreatWall五臺(tái)山—theFivePeaksofSerenity 平遙—theWalledCityofAntiquity云岡石窟—aMountainofBuddhas 西安—theMuseumCity華山—aPaintingSpringstoLife 上?！狢hina’sStar泰山—theMountainoftheGods 曲阜—StepintoHistory青島—BeerandBeaches 黃山—theMountainofDreams南京—theEyeoftheStorm 杭州—theCityoftheLake夏門(mén)—IslandofMusicandArtofLiving 少林寺—KickingitUp重慶—theMountainCity 成都—Teahouse-hoppingandChilies昆明—theSpringandFlowerCity 廣州—China’sCommercialPowerhouse深圳—theSpiritofSpeed 三亞—China’sTropicalPlayground16#中國(guó)菜第第20頁(yè)共20頁(yè)模板：Chinesecuisineisanimportantpartof\hChineseculture,whichincludescuisineoriginatingfromthediverseregionsof\hChina,aswellasfromChinesepeopleinotherpartsoftheworld.Becauseofthe\hChinesediasporaandhistoricalpowerofthecountry,Chinesecuisinehasinfluencedmanyothercuisinesin\hAsia,withmodificationsmadetocatertolocalpalates.（1）Thepreferencefor\hseasoningand\hcookingtechniquesofChineseprovincesdependondifferencesin\hhistoricalbackgroundand\hethnicgroups.Geographicfeaturesincludingmountains,rivers,forestsanddesertsalsohaveastrongeffectonthelocalavailableingredients,consideringclimateofChinavariesfrom\htropicalinthesouthto\hsubarcticinthenortheast.\hImperial,royalandnoblepreferencealsoplaysaroleinthechangeofChinesecuisines.Becauseofimperialexpansionandtrading,ingredientsandcookingtechniquesfromotherculturesareintegratedintoChinesecuisinesovertime.（2）Themostpraised"FourMajorCuisines"are\hChuan,\hLu,\hYueand\hHuaiyang,representingWest,North,SouthandEastChinacuisinecorrespondingly\h.Modern"EightCuisines"ofChinaare\hAnhui,\hCantonese,\hFujian,\hHunan,\hJiangsu,\hShandong,\hSichuan,and\hZhejiangcuisines.（3）Color,smellandtastearethethreetraditionalaspectsusedtodescribeChinesefood,aswellasthemeaning,appearanceandnutritionofthefood.Cookingshouldbeappraisedfromingredientsused,cuttings,cookingtimeandseasoning.（4）Itisconsideredinappropriatetouseknivesonthediningtable.\hChopsticksarethemaineatingutensilsforChinesefood,whichcanbeusedtocutandpickupfood.（5）17#中國(guó)特色菜模板：Pekingduck北京烤鴨 hotpot火鍋 kungpaochicken宮保雞丁red-stewedpork紅燒肉dicedporkwithchili辣子雞丁 stir-friedmarinatedchickenbreastsinsaltysauce醬爆雞丁twice-cookedpork回鍋肉 lion’sheadmeatballs獅子頭 red-stewedfish紅燒魚(yú)sweetandsourspareribs糖醋排骨fish-flavoredpork魚(yú)香肉絲steamedfish清蒸魚(yú)sweet-andsourfish糖醋魚(yú)braisedeggplant燒茄子red-cookedbeancurd紅燒豆腐stir-friedmixedvegetables炒什錦蔬菜stir-friedtomatoesandeggs西紅柿炒雞蛋hotandsoursoup酸辣湯 chickensoup雞湯 eggandtomatosoup西紅柿雞蛋湯Sichuanpickledvegetablesoup榨菜湯 steamedbuns包子 congee稀飯，粥dumplings餃子 noodles面條 ricenoodles米線 friedrice炒飯 soup湯18#中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明TheFourGreatInventionsareinventionsfrom\hancientChinathatarecelebratedin\hChineseculturefortheirhistoricalsignificanceandassymbolsofancientChina'sadvanced\hscienceand\htechnology.（1）TheFourGreatInventionsare:compass,gunpowder,papermaking,printing.（2）Thesefourdiscoverieshadalargeimpactonthedevelopmentofcivilizationthroughouttheworld.However,somemodernChinesescholarshaveopinedthatother\hChineseinventionswereperhapsmoresophisticatedandhadagreaterimpactonChinesecivilization–theFourGreatInventionsservemerelytohighlightthetechnologicalinteractionbetweenEastandWest.（3\h）關(guān)鍵詞：（fourgreatinventions）ancientcelebrateculturesignificancesymboladvancedcompassgunpowderpapermakingprintingdiscoveryimpactcivilizationmodernscholarsophisticatedhighlight19#中國(guó)“新四大發(fā)明”（China's'fourgreatnewinventions'inmoderntimes）模板：Inrecentyears,anumberofChina'stechnologicalinnovationshavebeenmakingtheirmovesintheworld.Amongthem,fourstandoutwithareputationofChina's"fourgreatnewinventions"inmoderntimes,whichhavemadethedailylifeofthepublicmoreandmoreconvenient.（1）High-speedrailBoastinglowcostandquickdelivery,Chinahasbuilttheworld'slongesthigh-speedrail(HSR)network.Brandedasa"namecard"forChina,HSRrunsatspeedsof250-350kilometersperhour.（2）Bytheendof2016,Chinahada124,000-kmrailwaynetwork,whichhadtheworld'slargestHSRnetworkofmorethan22,000km.Ithadoperated2,595high-speedtrainsby2016,whichtookup60percentoftheworld'stotalhigh-speedtrains.（3）AlipayAlipay,orZhifubao,isChina'sleadingmobileandonlinepaymentservice,establishedin2004byChina'se-commercegiantAlibabaGroup.Duringtheonlinetransactionprocess,Alipayactsasathird-partyplatform,onwhichbuyerspayfortheirgoodsbyinputtingpaymentpasswordsorscanningpaymentcodeontheAlipayappinstalledontheirmobiledevices.（4）Besides,AlipaycanalsobeusedfortransferringmoneyfromoneAlipayonlineaccounttoanother,orfromtheonlineaccounttoabankaccountbybindingadebitcardtotheonlineaccount.ItissuchconveniencethatenablesChinatoedgeitswaytowardsbeingacashlesssociety.（5）E-commerceWitharound731millionInternetusers,Chinahasbeentheworld'slargestandfastest-growinge-commercemarket.In2016,onlineshoppinginChinasawagrowthrateof26.2percent,generating5.16trillionyuan($767billion),accordingtoareportonChina'seconomicdatabytheNationalBureauofStatistics.（6）Lastyear,Chinesepeopleboughtmorefoodonlinewithagrowthof28.5percent.Clothingsalesroseby18.1percentintheyear,whileitemslikemobiledevicestookupnearly12percent.（7）LocklesssharedbicyclesPresently,thereareover50bike-sharingcompaniesinChinathatoperatearound10millionbicyclesforsharedusetoindividualsinmanyChinesecities.（8）AlthoughtheserviceofsharedbikesoriginatedfromWesterncountries,Chinasurprisedtheworldwithabusinessmodelofstation-feesharedbikesthatspearheadsthesharingeconomy.（9）關(guān)鍵詞：invention(high-speedrail)e-commerce(sharedbicycle)(sharingeconomy)innovationbrandnetworkleadingestablishgianttransactionplatformpasswordinstalltransferaccountfast-growinggeneratedeviceoperateindividualoriginate(businessmodel)20#四大名著模板ChineseLiterature-Novelsandfictions紅樓夢(mèng)TheDreamoftheRedChamberDreamoftheRedChamber,alsocalledTheStoryoftheStone,composedby\hCaoXueqin,isoneofChina's\hFourGreatClassicalNovels.Itwaswrittensometimeinthemiddleofthe18thcenturyduringthe\hQingDynasty.Longconsideredamasterpieceof\hChineseliterature,thenovelisgenerallyacknowledgedtobethepinnacleofChinesefiction."\hRedology"isthefieldofstudydevotedexclusivelytothiswork.（1）Thenovelprovidesadetailed,episodicrecordoflifeinthetwobranchesofthewealthy,aristocraticJiaclan—theRongguoHouseandtheNingguoHouse—whoresideintwolarge,adjacentfamilycompoundsinthecapital.TheirancestorsweremadeDukesandgivenimperialtitles,andasthenovelbeginsthetwohousesareamongthemostillustriousfamiliesinthecity.Oneoftheclan'soffspringismadeaRoyalConsort,andalushlandscapedgardenisbuilttoreceivehervisit.ThenoveldescribestheJias'wealthandinfluenceingreat\hnaturalisticdetail,andchartstheJias'fallfromtheheightoftheirprestige,followingsomethirtymaincharactersandoverfourhundredminorones.EventuallytheJiaclanfallsintodisfavorwiththe\hEmperor,andtheirmansionsareraidedandconfiscated.（2）三國(guó)演義RomanceofTheThreeKingdomsRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsisa14th-century\hhistoricalnovelattributedto\hLuoGuanzhong.Itissetintheturbulentyearstowardsthe\hendofthe\hHandynastyandthe\hThreeKingdomsperiodin\hChinesehistory,startingin169ADandendingwiththereunificationofthelandin280.（1）Thestory–parthistorical,partlegend,andpartmythical–romanticisesanddramatisesthelivesoffeudallordsandtheirretainers,whotriedtoreplacethedwindlingHandynastyorrestoreit.Whilethenovelfollowshundredsofcharacters,thefocusismainlyonthethreepowerblocsthatemergedfromtheremnantsoftheHandynasty,andwouldeventuallyformthethreestatesof\hCaoWei,\hShuHan,and\hEasternWu.Thenoveldealswiththeplots,personalandmilitarybattles,intrigues,andstrugglesofthesestatestoachievedominanceforalmost100years.（2）水滸傳OutlawsoftheMarsh WaterMarginShuiHuZhuan,OutlawsoftheMarsh,andAllMenareBrothersredirecthere.（1）WaterMarginisaChinesenovelattributedto\hShiNai'an.Consideredoneofthe\hFourGreatClassicalNovelsof\hChineseliterature,thenovel