2017年-2023年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀真題長(zhǎng)難句解析(407-408)講義- 高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

長(zhǎng)難句翻譯Wealsomakethefundamentalerrorofannouncingourresolutionstoeverybodysothatwelookevenmorefoolishwhenweslipbackintoourbadoldways.Anall-nightpartyonNewYear’sEve,providedmewithagoodexcusefornotcarryingouteitherofthesenewresolutionsonthefirstdayoftheyear,butonthesecond,Iappliedmyselfassiduouslytothetask.長(zhǎng)難句翻譯解析1.Wealsomakethefundamentalerrorofannouncingourresolutionstoeverybodysothatwelookevenmorefoolishwhenweslipbackintoourbadoldways.【語(yǔ)法詳析】本句的主干為Wealsomakethefundamentalerror…。1.sothatwelookevenmorefoolish為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；2.whenweslipbackintoourbadoldways為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句?！驹~匯精講】fundamental/?f?n.d??men.t?l/adj.基本的，根本的【名】fundament基礎(chǔ)，根本【辨】fundn.資金v.資助；functional功能性的，正常工作的resolution/?rez.??lu?.??n/n.決議，決心；分辨率【動(dòng)】resolve決定，解決【辨】revolution革命，evolution進(jìn)化，solution解決方案slip/sl?p/v.滑倒，溜走，悄悄做Theschoolisbasedonthefundamentalprinciplethatallchildrenshouldreachtheirfullpotential.這所學(xué)校的基本原則是充分發(fā)揮每個(gè)孩子的最大潛力。Imadearesolutiontogiveupchocolate.我下決心不再吃巧克力了。Heslippedapieceofpaperintomyhandwithhisaddressonit.他偷偷把一張寫(xiě)有他地址的紙塞到我的手里。【參考譯文】我們還犯了一個(gè)根本性錯(cuò)誤，即把我們的決心公之于眾，這樣當(dāng)回到以前的壞習(xí)慣時(shí)，我們就顯得更愚蠢了。2.Anall-nightpartyonNewYear’sEve,providedmewithagoodexcusefornotcarryingouteitherofthesenewresolutionsonthefirstdayoftheyear,butonthesecond,Iappliedmyselfassiduouslytothetask.【語(yǔ)法詳析】本句的主干為but連接的并列句。fornotcarryingouteitherofthesenewresolutionsonthefirstdayoftheyear作excuse的定語(yǔ)。【詞匯精講】resolution/?rez.??lu?.??n/n.決議，決心；分辨率【動(dòng)】resolve決定，解決【辨】revolution革命，evolution進(jìn)化，solution解決方案applyoneselfto致力于【近】devoteoneselfto,dedicateoneselfto,commitoneselftoassiduously/??s?d?.u.?s.li/adv.兢兢業(yè)業(yè)，勤勤懇懇地【近】diligentlyTheUnitedNationspassedaresolutiontoincreaseaidtodevelopingnations.聯(lián)合國(guó)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)向發(fā)展中國(guó)家增加援助的決議。Youcansolveanyproblemifyouapplyyourself.如果你努力，任何問(wèn)題都能解決。Playingthegametooassiduouslycanhaveacosttoo.一個(gè)勁地玩這個(gè)游戲也可能會(huì)付出代價(jià)?！緟⒖甲g文】除夕夜的通宵聚會(huì)給了我一個(gè)很好的借口，新年第一天就不去執(zhí)行這兩個(gè)新決心了。但第二天，我很認(rèn)真地完成了任務(wù)。長(zhǎng)難句拓展1.ManyFrenchpoliticiansandmediaoutletshavereferredtothisasa“GAFAtax,”meaningthatitisdesignedtoapplyprimarilytocompaniessuchasGoogle,Apple,FacebookandAmazon—inotherwords,multinationaltechcompaniesbasedintheUnitedStates.①小詞典outlets[?a?tlets]n.出路；銷售點(diǎn)；排水口；電源插座；批發(fā)商點(diǎn)；（表達(dá)情感，發(fā)揮天賦的）方法，途徑（outlet的復(fù)數(shù)）n.（Outlets）奧特萊斯（指曾在美國(guó)盛行的一種工廠直銷零售商店集合的大型購(gòu)物場(chǎng)所）multinational[?m?lti?n??(?)n?l]adj.跨國(guó)的；由多個(gè)國(guó)家的人組成的；（國(guó)家或地區(qū)）多民族的n.跨國(guó)公司tech[tek]n.技校，技術(shù)學(xué)院；技術(shù)（學(xué)），工藝（學(xué)），工業(yè)技術(shù)；技術(shù)員，技師②句子分析：本句的主干是ManyFrenchpoliticiansandmediaoutletshavereferredtothisasa“GAFAtax,”。meaningthatitisdesignedtoapplyprimarilytocompaniessuchasGoogle,Apple,FacebookandAmazon—inotherwords,multinationaltechcompaniesbasedintheUnitedStates為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，其中basedintheUnitedStates為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾multinationaltechcompanies。③參考譯文：許多法國(guó)政界人士和媒體將此稱為“GAFA”稅，這意味著它主要適用于谷歌、蘋(píng)果、臉書(shū)和亞馬遜等公司——換句話說(shuō)，是總部設(shè)在美國(guó)的跨國(guó)科技公司。2.NeuroscientistBonnieAugeungfoundthatthehormoneoxytocinincreasedtheamountofeyecontactfrommentowardtheinterviewerduringabriefinterviewwhenthedirectionoftheirgazewasrecorded.①小詞典neuroscientist[?nj??r??sa??nt?st]n.神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家hormoneoxytocinn.[藥]催產(chǎn)素；縮宮素；腦下垂體后葉荷爾蒙之一種gaze[ɡe?z]v.凝視，注視n.凝視，注視；特定視角，特定角度②句子分析：本句的主干是NeuroscientistBonnieAugeungfoundthat…，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。whenthedirectionoftheirgazewasrecorded為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞duringabriefinterview。③參考譯文：神經(jīng)科學(xué)家邦妮·奧格昂發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一次簡(jiǎn)短的采訪中，當(dāng)記錄下男性注視的方向時(shí)，催產(chǎn)素增加了男性對(duì)采訪者的眼神交流。3.Withthechurch'steachingsandwaysofthinkingbeingeclipsedbytheRenaissance,thegapbetweentheMedievalandmodernperiodshadbeenbridged,leadingtonewandunexploredintellectualterritories.①小詞典eclipse[??kl?ps]n.日食，月食；黯然失色；羽毛暗淡期；消失，喪失v.遮住……的光，使黯然失色Renaissance[r??ne?s(?)ns]n.文藝復(fù)興（歐洲14至17世紀(jì)）medieval[?medi?i?vl]adj.中世紀(jì)的；<非正式>非常老派的，極其過(guò)時(shí)的②句子分析：本句的主干是thegapbetweentheMedievalandmodernperiodshadbeenbridged。Withthechurch'steachingsandwaysofthinkingbeingeclipsedbytheRenaissance和leadingtonewandunexploredintellectualterritories為伴隨狀語(yǔ)。③參考譯文：隨著文藝復(fù)興使教會(huì)的教義和思維方式黯然失色，中世紀(jì)與現(xiàn)代世界之間的鴻溝得以彌合，通向了全新的、未經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)的知識(shí)領(lǐng)域。4.Beforeeachoftheirrevelations,manythinkersatthetimehadsustainedmoreancientwaysofthinking,includingthegeocentricviewthattheEarthwasatthecentreofouruniverse.①小詞典revelation[?rev??le??(?)n]n.被揭示的真相，被揭露的內(nèi)情；揭露，披露；出乎意料的事物，令人驚喜的發(fā)現(xiàn)；（上帝的）啟示，默示geocentric[?d?i????sentr?k]adj.以地球?yàn)橹行牡模挥傻匦拈_(kāi)始測(cè)量的②句子分析：本句的主干是manythinkersatthetimehadsustainedmoreancientwaysofthinking。thattheEarthwasatthecentreofouruniverse為同位語(yǔ)從句，修飾thegeocentricview。③參考譯文：在他們的思想啟示每次出現(xiàn)之前，許多當(dāng)時(shí)的思想家都堅(jiān)持著更為古老的思維方式，其中包括地球是我們宇宙的中心的“地心說(shuō)”。長(zhǎng)難句精講精練1.Proudlyreadingmywords,Iglancedaroundtheroom,onlytofindmyclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes.【句式翻譯】自豪地閱讀我寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，我環(huán)顧整個(gè)房間，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)我的同學(xué)笑得眼淚都要流出來(lái)了?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫呛?jiǎn)單句，包含有三個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，readingmywords和onlytofind…分別作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，bearing…作賓補(bǔ)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】glancevi瞥；瀏覽；后面常跟at,through,over等介詞Ipickedupthephonebookandglancedthroughit.我拿起電話簿，匆匆掃了一遍。Heglancedathiswatchandlefttheroom.他匆匆看了一下手表，離開(kāi)了房間。【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，常被just或only修飾，置于句末，用逗號(hào)和句子分開(kāi)。如：Iwenttotheclassroom,onlytofindnobodythere.我去了教室，卻沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到一個(gè)人。Herushedtothedoor,onlytodiscoverthatitwaslockedandbarred.他沖到門(mén)邊,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)已被鎖死了。2.At12yearsoldshewonaGuinnessRecordwhenshebecametheyoungestfemaletowinthewomen’sworldtitleforplatformdivingattheWorldChampionshipsinAustraliain1991.【句式翻譯】1991年，12歲的伏明霞就獲得了一項(xiàng)吉尼斯紀(jì)錄，當(dāng)時(shí)她參加了在澳大利亞舉行的跳臺(tái)跳水世界錦標(biāo)賽，成為最年輕的女子世界冠軍。【句式分析】本句是復(fù)合句，when在句中引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，towinthewomen'sworldtitle…作定語(yǔ)，修飾theyoungestfemale?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】championshipn.冠軍稱號(hào)；錦標(biāo)賽Weareproudforyoutowinthechampionship.我們?yōu)槟阙A得冠軍而驕傲。Allthegoldmedalsforthechampionshipfelltotheteam.本屆錦標(biāo)賽的所有金牌都被這個(gè)隊(duì)奪得?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，具體用法參見(jiàn)第18句。3.Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.【句式翻譯】把酒精從體內(nèi)消除是個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程，也不可能通過(guò)任何措施如洗澡或喝杯茶或咖啡來(lái)加速其消除的過(guò)程?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞and連接的復(fù)合句，Togetridofalcohol和tospeeditup在句中都作主語(yǔ)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1)getridof擺脫；除去Howtogetridofairpollutionisstillabigproblem.如何清除空氣污染仍然是個(gè)大問(wèn)題。2)measuren.尺寸；措施；手段vt.&vi.測(cè)量；有……長(zhǎng)（寬、高等）Aclockmeasurestime.鐘是用來(lái)計(jì)量時(shí)間的。Thisroommeasurestenmetresacross.這個(gè)房間寬十米。Mr.Smithaskedthetailortomakesomenewclothestohisownmeasure.史密斯先生要求裁縫照他的尺寸做新衣服。Wemusttakemeasurestopreventthewaterfrombeingpolluted.我們必須采取措施防止水被污染。4.