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2023屆語法填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練Passage1選自ChinaDailyThe17thdefensepolicycoordination1.____(talk)betweenChinaandtheUnitedStates2.____(hold)inWashingtononMondayandTuesday,China'sDefenseMinistryannouncedonWednesday.Inastatement,theministrysaidthetalkswereco-chairedbyofficialsfromtheCentralMilitaryCommissionandtheUSdeputyassistanttothesecretaryofdefense.TheChinesesidesaidinastatement3.____itiswillingtodevelophealthyandstablemilitary-to-militaryrelationswiththeUS4.______thebasisofequalityandrespect,andjointlyimplementthemilitary-relatedconsensus5.____(reach)bythetwoheadsofthestatesduringtheirmeetinginSanFranciscoinNovember.ThestatementsaidthattheUSshouldacknowledgeChina'sconcernsanddomore6.____(promote)thedevelopmentofbilateralmilitaryties.ChinaalsoreiterateditspositionsontheTaiwanquestionandtheSouthChinaSeaissues.ItsaiditwillnevermakeanycompromiseontheTaiwanquestionanddemandedtheUSsidetoabidebytheone-Chinaprinciple,implementitsrelevantcommitments,stop7.____(arm)Taiwanandoppose"Taiwanindependence",thestatementsaid.ChinaalsourgedtheUStoreduceitsmilitary8.____(deploy)andprovocativeactionsintheSouthChinaSeaandstopprovidingsupporttocertaincountriesthatareinfringementonitsterritoryandcausingprovocations.TheUSshould9.____(full)recognizetherootcausesofmaritimeandairsecurityrisks,strictlyrestrainitsfront-linetroopsandstophypingupproblems,theministrysaid.China10.____(make)clearitssolemnpositionovertheyearsandmajorconcernsonissuesconcerningChina'scoreinterestsandinternationalhotspotissues,itaddedPassage2選自ChinaDailyTheChang'e6spacecraft,China'snextroboticexpeditiontothemoon,1.____(schedule)tolandonthemooninthefirsthalfofthisyearandwillbetaskedwithbringingbacksamplesfromthesilvercelestialbody'slittle-knownfarside,accordingtotheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration.TheadministrationsaidinanewsreleaseonWednesdaythatcomponentsoftheChang'e6probe2.______(transport)bytwomilitarycargoplanestoHaikou,capitalofHainanprovince,onMondayandTuesday,andwerethencarriedbytruckstotheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenter3.______theeastcoastoftheislandprovince.Theprobewillbeassembledandundergoprelaunchchecksatthecenter,itnoted,4.______(add)thatpreparatoryworkisunderwayatallsystemsinvolvedinthecomingmission.LikeChang'e5,itspredecessor,theChang'e6spacecraft5.______(consist)offourcomponents–anorbiter,alander,anascenderandare-entrymodule.ItsoperationalprocesswillalsomimicthatoftheChang'e5.Aftertheprobereacheslunarorbit,the6.______(component)willseparateintotwoparts,withtheorbiterandre-entrymoduleremaininginorbitwhilethelanderandascenderheadforthemoon'ssurface.Thelander/ascendercombinationwillmakeasoft7.______(land)andthenstartusingadrillandamechanicalarmtogatherlunarrocksandsoil.Oncethesurfaceoperationsaredone,theascender'srocketwillelevateittolunarorbittodockwiththere-entrymodule.Itwilltransfersamplestothemodule,8.______willcarrythemtoEarth.TheUnitedStates,9.______formerSovietUnionandChinahavebroughtlunarsamplesbacktoEarth,butnonehaseverobtainedsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon.TidalforcesonEarthslowthemoon'srotationtothepointwherethesamesidealwaysfacesEarth.Theotherside,mostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthemoon'sfarside.Thoughthefarsidehadbeen10.______(extensive)photographedbyspacecraft,startingwithaSovietprobein1959,noprobehadevertoucheddownonituntilChina'sChang'e4mission,whichlandedintheVonKarmancraterintheSouthPole-AitkenBasininJanuary2019.Passage3選自Reader’sDigestChristmasinEdinburghistruly1.______(love).Infact,it’ssolovely2.______Edinburghtopsmostlistsof“bestplacestovisitforChristmasintheUK”,3.______it’seasytoseewhy.4.______(know)foritsfestivalsallyearround,thecitydoesn’ttakeanytimeoff5.______December,insteadcomingalivewithfestivedecorations,marketsandspecialevents.Strollthrough6.______(charm)woodenstallsand
pickouthandmadegifts
foryourfamily,orwarmupwithsomemulledwine,surroundedbytwinklingChristmaslights.Ifyou’renotsofussedaboutChristmas,youcantakeinthecity’sscenicviewsinstead.ClimbupthefamousArthur’sSeat,anancient
volcano
7.______peakboastspanoramicviewsoftheEdinburghandbeyond.Afterabracingwalkupanddownthehill,reward8.______(you)withScottishdelicacieslike
haggis
orneepsandtatties.
Thepartycontinuesintothenewyearwiththecity’sHogmanaycelebration.HogmanayistheScotswordforthelastdayoftheoldyear,anditisoftencelebratedwithfireworks9.______(display)andheartfeltrenditionsof“AuldLangSyne”sunginacircleoflinkedarms.Edinburghcertainlydoesn’tholdback:its1996–97celebrationswererecognisedbytheGuinnessBookofRecordsattheworld's10.______(large)NewYearparty,withapproximately400,000attendees.Thesedays,Edinburgh’sHogmanayinvolveslivemusic,fireworksandatorchlightdisplay.Withtheholidayseasonfastapproaching,wespeaktolocalsaboutwhatlifeislikeamongthemagicalmarkets,luminouslightdisplaysandsensationalstreetparties.
Passage4選自Reader’sDigestStoriesoftherelentlessVikingwave1.______sweptoverEurope2.______(fascinate)historiansforcenturies,3.______evidenceoftheirplunderingtobefound4.______(love)BritaintoScandinaviaandtheMiddleEast—butthereisonemysteriouslandtheynever5.______(success)settled,whichtheycalledVinland.
Once
shroudedinmyth,evidenceisnow6.______(mount)thatVinlandwasarealplace.Piecingtogether
archaeologicalfinds,carbondataandlegend,7.______(research)believethatVikingseafarersattempted8.______outpostontheshoresofNorthAmerica—fivecenturiesbeforeChristopherColumbus8.______(discover)theNewWorld.
Theword“discovered”issomewhatloaded,givenitsEurocentriclens.LongbeforeSpanish9.______(consist)ortheirScandinavianforebearsdroppedanchor,
America’sfirstarrivals
simplywalked,migratingfromRussiatoAlaskaacrossthedriedoutBeringSea.ButtheVikingswerecertainlythefirst10.______(stumble)upontheAmericasfromtheeastcoast.
Theiradventuresarechronicledintwosagas—TheSagaoftheGreenlanders
and
TheSagaofEriktheRed—which,despitetheirrelianceonoralhistories,providesomevitalcluesaboutthelivesofthosefirstEuropeanpioneers.Passage5選自NationalGeographicWhileWeatherheadsaysherlastname’soriginhasnothingtodowiththeweather—it’sanoldScottishnamethat1.______(refer)togoatherders—thepeopleinherhometownofWilmette,Illinois,certainlydidn’tknowthat.“Igrewupinakindofsmalltown,andIhaveawholebunchofbrothersandsisters,andwealllookalike,”Weatherheadexplains.Sopeoplewouldoftensaytoherfamilymembers,“‘Hey,what’stheweather,Weatherhead?’”shesays.“AndIhatedit,2.______whenyou’re11yearsold,youwanttobeknownasyourunique,individualself.”Infact,thenegativeassociation3.______hernamemayhavekeptWeatherheadoutofclimatologyaltogether,ifnotforalittletwistofwhatyoumightcallaptonymicfate.
After4.______(lose)hergraduateschoolpositioninhighenergyphysicsbecauseofReagan-erabudgetcuts,Weatherheadappliedforasummerjobcrunchingnumbersforanatmosphericscientist.Thejobhadnearlyadozenapplicants,butshewaslatertoldbythescientist’ssecretarythatitwashernamethatputherapplicationoverthetop.Thescientistwas“walkingaroundgoing,‘Weatherhead.Weatherhead.We’vegottohireher!’”J.SookChung,ascientistattheUniversityofMaryland,remembersasimilarmomentwhenstandinginfrontofasearchcommitteeforhercurrentposition,5.______(study)bluecrabs.“Oneofthebluecrablifestages,theadultfemale,iscalled
sook,”saysChung.“It’sexactlythesamespelling.”Asitturnsout,sharingthenameoftheanimalshewasapplyingtostudywasahandyicebreaker.“I’mjokinginsayingit,butIwas6.______(destiny)toworkonbluecrabs,”saysChung.Noteveryoneseestheirnameassociationsaspositiveor7._____(mean),ofcourse.“Lotsofpeople8.______(notice)theseemingbondbetweenmynameandmychosenfieldofstudyovertheyears,”says
StephenPyne,anenvironmentalscientistatArizonaStateUniversityandwriter9.______focusesonforestsandfire,inanemail.“IhavetoconfessI'mnotoneofthem."10.______(similar),
TedStankowich,anevolutionarybehavioralecologistwhostudiesskunks,sayshisnamehasneverhadadiscernableeffectonhiscareer.“I’vedealtwiththelastnamemyentirelife,andtherehavealwaysbeennicknames,asyoucanimagine,”hesays.“Butno,itwasneveraconsideration.”Passage6選自NationalGeographicInthiscentral
Vietnamese
cityof1.2millionpeople,almosteveryinchoflandhasbeen1.______(gobble)upbydevelopers.Toweringhotelslineamiles-longwhitesandbeach.Butoneprimepieceofrealestateremainsmostlyuntouched:themountainousandforestedtipofthecity’speninsula.Itisa6,400-acrenaturereserve2.______(call)SonTra,or,asit’salsoknown,“MonkeyMountain.”Thereserve,3.______isalsohometoamilitarybase,isalastrefugeforthe
red-shankeddouc,acriticallyendangeredlangurthatnumbersonlyabout2,000animalsinSonTra.
Onarecentvisit,conservationistHoangVanChuongquicklyspottedseveralbrightlycolored,long-tailedmonkeyshighinthetreetops.“It’shardtohidewiththosefeatures,”chuckledChuong,4.______(develop)directorforthelocalnonprofit
GreenViet.
5.______(preoccupy)withsomelateafternoonleafsnacking,theanimalsdidn’tseemtoobotheredbyourpresence.Butthedoucshavegoodreasontofearhumans.Longhuntedbothformeatandmedicine,theyhavelostmuchoftheirnativeforesthabitat,whichonceextendedacrosstheregion.Drivenintotinyjungleenclaves,they’retodayfoundonlyinafewpocketsofLaosandintwoisolatedpopulationsinVietnam,the6.______(large)ofwhichclingsonhereinSonTra.Thedoucsareamongthemanyspeciesthat7.______(suffer)hugedeclinesbecauseofhabitatfragmentation,which
studiesshowisthebiggestdriverofbiodiversitylossglobally,andespeciallyinSoutheastAsia.Urbangrowthisamajor8.______(contribute)totheproblem.
Citypopulationsworldwidearepoised9.______(increase)by2.5billionoverthecoming30years,triplingtheglobalfootprintofcities.Expertswarnthatanimalsunabletoadapttourban10.______(set)maybepushedintoever-smaller,isolatedspots.
(ReadaboutanewmonkeyspecieshidinginplainsightinSoutheastAsia.)Passage1The17thdefensepolicycoordinationtalksbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStateswereheldinWashingtononMondayandTuesday,China'sDefenseMinistryannouncedonWednesday.Inastatement,theministrysaidthetalkswereco-chairedbyofficialsfromtheCentralMilitaryCommissionandtheUSdeputyassistanttothesecretaryofdefense.TheChinesesidesaidinastatementthatitiswillingtodevelophealthyandstablemilitary-to-militaryrelationswiththeUSonthebasisofequalityandrespect,andjointlyimplementthemilitary-relatedconsensusreachedbythetwoheadsofthestatesduringtheirmeetinginSanFranciscoinNovember.ThestatementsaidthattheUSshouldacknowledgeChina'sconcernsanddomoretopromotethedevelopmentofbilateralmilitaryties.ChinaalsoreiterateditspositionsontheTaiwanquestionandtheSouthChinaSeaissues.ItsaiditwillnevermakeanycompromiseontheTaiwanquestionanddemandedtheUSsidetoabidebytheone-Chinaprinciple,implementitsrelevantcommitments,stoparmingTaiwanandoppose"Taiwanindependence",thestatementsaid.ChinaalsourgedtheUStoreduceitsmilitarydeploymentandprovocativeactionsintheSouthChinaSeaandstopprovidingsupporttocertaincountriesthatareinfringementonitsterritoryandcausingprovocations.TheUSshouldfullyrecognizetherootcausesofmaritimeandairsecurityrisks,strictlyrestrainitsfront-linetroopsandstophypingupproblems,theministrysaid.ChinahasmadeclearitssolemnpositionandmajorconcernsonissuesconcerningChina'scoreinterestsandinternationalhotspotissues,itadded.Passage2TheChang'e6spacecraft,China'snextroboticexpeditiontothemoon,hasbeenscheduledtolandonthemooninthefirsthalfofthisyearandwillbetaskedwithbringingbacksamplesfromthesilvercelestialbody'slittle-knownfarside,accordingtotheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration.TheadministrationsaidinanewsreleaseonWednesdaythatcomponentsoftheChang'e6probeweretransportedbytwomilitarycargoplanestoHaikou,capitalofHainanprovince,onMondayandTuesday,andwerethencarriedbytruckstotheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterontheeastcoastoftheislandprovince.Theprobewillbeassembledandundergoprelaunchchecksatthecenter,itnoted,addingthatpreparatoryworkisunderwayatallsystemsinvolvedinthecomingmission.LikeChang'e5,itspredecessor,theChang'e6spacecraftconsistsoffourcomponents–anorbiter,alander,anascenderandare-entrymodule.ItsoperationalprocesswillalsomimicthatoftheChang'e5.Aftertheprobereacheslunarorbit,thecomponentswillseparateintotwoparts,withtheorbiterandre-entrymoduleremaininginorbitwhilethelanderandascenderheadforthemoon'ssurface.Thelander/ascendercombinationwillmakeasoftlandingandthenstartusingadrillandamechanicalarmtogatherlunarrocksandsoil.Oncethesurfaceoperationsaredone,theascender'srocketwillelevateittolunarorbittodockwiththere-entrymodule.Itwilltransfersamplestothemodule,whichwillcarrythemtoEarth.TheUnitedStates,theformerSovietUnionandChinahavebroughtlunarsamplesbacktoEarth,butnonehaseverobtainedsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon.TidalforcesonEarthslowthemoon'srotationtothepointwherethesamesidealwaysfacesEarth.Theotherside,mostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthemoon'sfarside.Thoughthefarsidehadbeenextensivelyphotographedbyspacecraft,startingwithaSovietprobein1959,noprobehadevertoucheddownonituntilChina'sChang'e4mission,whichlandedintheVonKarmancraterintheSouthPole-AitkenBasininJanuary2019.Theiradventuresarechronicledintwosagas—TheSagaoftheGreenlanders
and
TheSagaofEriktheRed—which,despitetheirrelianceonoralhistories,providesomevitalcluesaboutthelivesofthosefirstEuropeanpioneers.Passage3ChristmasinEdinburghistrulylovely.Infact,it’ssolovelythatEdinburghtopsmostlistsof“bestplacestovisitforChristmasintheUK”,andit’seasytoseewhy.Knownforitsfestivalsallyearround,thecitydoesn’ttakeanytimeoffinDecember,insteadcomingalivewithfestivedecorations,marketsandspecialevents.Strollthroughcharmingwoodenstallsand
pickouthandmadegifts
foryourfamily,orwarmupwithsomemulledwine,surroundedbytwinklingChristmaslights.Ifyou’renotsofussedaboutChristmas,youcantakeinthecity’sscenicviewsinstead.ClimbupthefamousArthur’sSeat,anancient
volcano
whosepeakboastspanoramicviewsoftheEdinburghandbeyond.Afterabracingwalkupanddownthehill,rewardyourselfwithScottishdelicacieslike
haggis
orneepsandtatties.
Thepartycontinuesintothenewyearwiththecity’s
Hogmanay
celebrations.HogmanayistheScotswordforthelastdayoftheoldyear,anditisoftencelebratedwithfireworksdisplaysandheartfeltrenditionsof“AuldLangSyne”sunginacircleoflinkedarms.Edinburghcertainlydoesn’tholdback:its1996–97celebrationswererecognisedbytheGuinnessBookofRecordsattheworld'slargestNewYearparty,withapproximately400,000attendees.Thesedays,Edinburgh’sHogmanayinvolveslivemusic,fireworksandatorchlightdisplay.Withtheholidayseasonfastapproaching,wespeaktolocalsaboutwhatlifeislikeamongthemagicalmarkets,luminouslightdisplaysandsensationalstreetparties.
Passage4StoriesoftherelentlessVikingwavethatsweptoverEuropehavefascinatedhistoriansforcenturies,withevidenceoftheirplunderingtobefoundfromBritaintoScandinaviaandtheMiddleEast—butthereisonemysteriouslandtheyneversuccessfullysettled,whichtheycalledVinland.
Once
shroudedinmyth,evidenceisnowmountingthatVinlandwasarealplace.Piecingtogether
archaeologicalfinds,carbondataandlegend,researchersbelievethatVikingseafarersattemptedanoutpostontheshoresofNorthAmerica—fivecenturiesbeforeChristopherColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld.
Theword“discovered”issomewhatloaded,givenitsEurocentriclens.LongbeforeSpanishcolonistsortheirScandinavianforebearsdroppedanchor,
America’sfirstarrivals
simplywalked,migratingfromRussiatoAlaskaacrossthedriedoutBeringSea.ButtheVikingswerecertainlythefirsttostumbleupontheAmericasfromtheeastcoast.
Theiradventuresarechronicledintwosagas—TheSagaoftheGreenlanders
and
TheSagaofEriktheRed—which,despitetheirrelianceonoralhistories,providesomevitalcluesaboutthelivesofthosefirstEuropeanpioneers.Passage5WhileWeatherheadsaysherlastname’soriginhasnothingtodowiththeweather—it’sanoldScottishnamethatreferstogoatherders—thepeopleinherhometownofWilmette,Illinois,certainlydidn’tknowthat.“Igrewupinakindofsmalltown,andIhaveawholebunchofbrothersandsisters,andwealllookalike,”Weatherheadexplains.Sopeoplewouldoftensaytoherfamilymembers,“‘Hey,what’stheweather,Weatherhead?’”shesays.“AndIhatedit,becausewhenyou’re11yearsold,youwanttobeknownasyourunique,individualself.”Infact,thenegativeassociationwithhernamemayhavekeptWeatherheadoutofclimatologyaltogether,ifnotforalittletwistofwhatyoumightcallaptonymicfate.
(Readmoreabouthownamesinfluencelifedecisions.)AfterlosinghergraduateschoolpositioninhighenergyphysicsbecauseofReagan-erabudgetcuts,Weatherheadappliedforasummerjobcrunchingnumbersforanatmosphericscientist.Thejobhadnearlyadozenapplicants,butshewaslatertoldbythescientist’ssecretarythatitwashernamethatputherapplicationoverthetop.Thescientistwas“walkingaroundgoing,‘Weatherhead.Weatherhead.We’vegottohireher!’”J.SookChung,ascientistattheUniversityofMaryland,remembersasimilarmomentwhenstandinginfrontofasearchcommitteeforhercurrentposition,studying
bluecrabs.“Oneofthebluecrablifestages,theadultfemale,iscalled
sook,”saysChung.“It’sexactlythesamespelling.”Asitturnsout,sharingthenameoftheanimalshewasapplyingtostudywasahandyicebreaker.“I’mjokinginsayingit,butIwasdestinedtoworkonbluecrabs,”saysChung.Noteveryoneseestheirnameassociationsaspositiveormeaningful,ofcourse.“Lotsofpeoplehavenoticedtheseemingbondbetweenmynameandmychosenfieldofstudy,”says
StephenPyne,anenvironmentalscientistatArizonaStateUniversityandwriterwho
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