動詞不定式(九年級英語語法詳解)

動詞不定式編輯課件否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)不定式

todo

一般結(jié)構(gòu)not

todo編輯課件.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.(1).主語不定式作主語時,往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.這時可將其用形式主語it來替換Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.編輯課件TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.2.Togoabroadishisdream.3.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.→ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.→Itishisdreamtogoabroad.→Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.編輯課件Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.(2).表語編輯課件作主語Tomasteraforeignlanguageisreallyimportantnowadays.Togiveupsmokingisright.1.當(dāng)今掌握一門外語真的很重要。2.放棄吸煙是對的。編輯課件作表語MyjobistoteachEnglish.Toseeistobelieve.1.我的工作是教英語。2.眼見為實。英語博客網(wǎng)://ghb.blogbus編輯課件Iwanttogohome.Theworkersneededtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.(3)賓語think/make/findit+adj.+todo常用動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：hope,refuse,learn,wantchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.

編輯課件作賓語Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred沒有錢，所以他決定找一份工作。2.他容許不告訴任何人這事。編輯課件Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).賓補(bǔ)五看

watch

see

lookat

observe

notice三使

let

make

have

二聽

listento

hear一感覺:

feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等編輯課件Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).不定式用在介詞but,except,besides后時,如果這些介詞前有行為動詞do的各種形式,那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,相反那么帶to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbutcry.(2).Ihavenochoicebutgo.(3).Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.to\編輯課件作賓補(bǔ)Sheaskedmetostaythere.1.她叫我呆在這兒。2.請允許我介紹Mr.White給你們。

PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.編輯課件Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定語(如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,那么不定式中不要忘掉介詞.)編輯課件1.不定式作定語時，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，而且放在其他后置定語之后。不定式做定語與所修飾的詞之間有三種關(guān)系：(1)動賓關(guān)系Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。(2)主謂關(guān)系Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他總是第一個來。(3)同位關(guān)系Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.我們都有上大學(xué)的時機(jī)。注意編輯課件2.不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點工具等，即使是及物動詞，不定式后面仍須有相應(yīng)的介詞。

3.不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time,place或way，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上要省去。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive.他沒錢沒地方住。請給我一支寫字的筆.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.編輯課件4.something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。注意比較：Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎？〔不定式tosend的動作執(zhí)行者是you〕2.Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?你有什么要〔我或別人〕寄的東西嗎？〔不定式tobesent的動作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse〕編輯課件作定語Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要說的嗎?2.Betty是第一個知道這真相的人

Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth編輯課件Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的狀語.原因狀語.結(jié)果狀語(6)

狀語編輯課件

(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要省略該動詞.eg:Wouldyouliketogowithme?I’dliketo.(2).不定式是tobe結(jié)構(gòu),be不可省.eg:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?

注意I’dliketobe.編輯課件注意(3).動詞不定式的否認(rèn)式只須在to前加not.Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.編輯課件(4).不定式與疑問詞who,which,when,how,what等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant

Myquestioniswhentostart.Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer.注意：在與why連用時，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶to。

Whynothavearest?賓語主語表語賓補(bǔ)編輯課件固定句型:hadbetter/hadbest+(not)dosth.最好〔不〕做某事Why(not)dosth.?…prefertodo/preferdoing…prefer+n./doingA+to+n./doingB…prefer+todoAratherthan(to)doB…wouldrather(not)dosth.…wouldratherdoAthan(do)B…wouldrather+句子〔過去式〕〔虛擬語氣〕要做……編輯課件Exercise編輯課件Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.being3.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffBCC編輯課件4.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudy5.Wefinditimpossibleforus___thework.A.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinishedAA編輯課件6.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.Tomake